EvEMTBench leaderboard

Topology comparison · same task across all grids

test set

event_classification_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

event_classification_global across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.613 ± 0.091	—	0.761 ± 0.006	—	0.782 ± 0.006	0.640 ± 0.024	—
random_forest	0.455 ± 0.005	—	0.568 ± 0.002	—	0.523 ± 0.002	0.762 ± 0.002	—
gru	0.640 ± 0.009	—	0.676 ± 0.014	—	0.675 ± 0.013	0.592 ± 0.037	—
cnn	0.632 ± 0.011	—	0.630 ± 0.033	—	0.654 ± 0.011	0.582 ± 0.017	—
mlp	0.521 ± 0.002	—	0.536 ± 0.004	—	0.556 ± 0.002	0.616 ± 0.003	—
majority	0.045 ± 0.000	—	0.062 ± 0.000	—	0.059 ± 0.000	0.062 ± 0.000	—

event_detection_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

event_detection_global across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
random_forest	0.810 ± 0.000	—	0.804 ± 0.000	—	0.784 ± 0.001	0.930 ± 0.000	—
gru	0.785 ± 0.083	—	0.911 ± 0.012	—	0.881 ± 0.045	0.770 ± 0.051	—
resnet	0.884 ± 0.019	—	0.866 ± 0.033	—	0.873 ± 0.027	0.832 ± 0.058	—
mlp	0.748 ± 0.002	—	0.786 ± 0.001	—	0.790 ± 0.003	0.843 ± 0.001	—
cnn	0.752 ± 0.015	—	0.797 ± 0.007	—	0.761 ± 0.009	0.786 ± 0.005	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

event_state_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

event_state_global across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
random_forest	0.724 ± 0.001	—	0.723 ± 0.001	—	0.705 ± 0.001	0.911 ± 0.001	—
resnet	0.696 ± 0.111	—	0.777 ± 0.011	—	0.839 ± 0.013	0.729 ± 0.034	—
mlp	0.659 ± 0.001	—	0.702 ± 0.001	—	0.706 ± 0.001	0.787 ± 0.001	—
gru	0.740 ± 0.030	—	0.743 ± 0.023	—	0.689 ± 0.060	0.637 ± 0.037	—
cnn	0.733 ± 0.027	—	0.695 ± 0.004	—	0.662 ± 0.021	0.707 ± 0.016	—
majority	0.333 ± 0.000	—	0.333 ± 0.000	—	0.333 ± 0.000	0.333 ± 0.000	—

fault_category_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_category_global across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
gru	0.638 ± 0.024	—	0.965 ± 0.003	—	0.963 ± 0.004	0.962 ± 0.002	—
mlp	0.634 ± 0.009	—	0.962 ± 0.001	—	0.956 ± 0.007	0.962 ± 0.001	—
cnn	0.654 ± 0.022	—	0.960 ± 0.001	—	0.957 ± 0.003	0.955 ± 0.002	—
resnet	0.635 ± 0.017	—	0.958 ± 0.006	—	0.953 ± 0.005	0.957 ± 0.004	—
random_forest	0.569 ± 0.007	—	0.884 ± 0.004	—	0.829 ± 0.005	0.941 ± 0.000	—
majority	0.333 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_category_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_category_line across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
gru	0.656 ± 0.015	—	0.967 ± 0.001	—	0.963 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.001	—
resnet	0.658 ± 0.027	—	0.965 ± 0.004	—	0.960 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.003	—
cnn	0.670 ± 0.003	—	0.964 ± 0.003	—	0.961 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.003	—
mlp	0.649 ± 0.003	—	0.964 ± 0.000	—	0.955 ± 0.000	0.963 ± 0.003	—
random_forest	0.595 ± 0.007	—	0.827 ± 0.007	—	0.824 ± 0.005	0.951 ± 0.001	—
majority	0.333 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_category_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_category_local across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.651 ± 0.016	—	0.966 ± 0.002	—	0.954 ± 0.007	0.955 ± 0.004	—
cnn	0.645 ± 0.016	—	0.963 ± 0.005	—	0.958 ± 0.004	0.955 ± 0.005	—
gru	0.646 ± 0.006	—	0.959 ± 0.002	—	0.960 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.001	—
mlp	0.636 ± 0.004	—	0.951 ± 0.001	—	0.945 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.001	—
random_forest	0.597 ± 0.005	—	0.807 ± 0.005	—	0.772 ± 0.004	0.951 ± 0.000	—
majority	0.333 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_classification_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_classification_global across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.520 ± 0.024	—	0.818 ± 0.087	—	0.773 ± 0.107	0.655 ± 0.015	—
random_forest	0.524 ± 0.004	—	0.679 ± 0.003	—	0.660 ± 0.004	0.684 ± 0.008	—
gru	0.517 ± 0.019	—	0.669 ± 0.006	—	0.680 ± 0.007	0.620 ± 0.008	—
mlp	0.523 ± 0.003	—	0.676 ± 0.007	—	0.676 ± 0.004	0.645 ± 0.004	—
cnn	0.510 ± 0.012	—	0.675 ± 0.013	—	0.670 ± 0.008	0.634 ± 0.019	—
majority	0.111 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	0.143 ± 0.000	—

fault_classification_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_classification_line across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.665 ± 0.010	—	0.863 ± 0.007	—	0.805 ± 0.036	0.682 ± 0.006	—
cnn	0.576 ± 0.022	—	0.792 ± 0.019	—	0.706 ± 0.012	0.666 ± 0.013	—
mlp	0.523 ± 0.002	—	0.704 ± 0.005	—	0.679 ± 0.005	0.674 ± 0.005	—
gru	0.533 ± 0.009	—	0.697 ± 0.006	—	0.681 ± 0.005	0.671 ± 0.007	—
random_forest	0.500 ± 0.005	—	0.661 ± 0.004	—	0.631 ± 0.003	0.661 ± 0.002	—
majority	0.111 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	0.143 ± 0.000	—

fault_classification_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_classification_local across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.656 ± 0.011	—	0.855 ± 0.007	—	0.825 ± 0.006	0.681 ± 0.013	—
cnn	0.566 ± 0.028	—	0.795 ± 0.012	—	0.685 ± 0.005	0.679 ± 0.011	—
mlp	0.527 ± 0.005	—	0.679 ± 0.004	—	0.656 ± 0.010	0.675 ± 0.003	—
gru	0.519 ± 0.009	—	0.679 ± 0.010	—	0.667 ± 0.012	0.678 ± 0.010	—
random_forest	0.477 ± 0.005	—	0.606 ± 0.005	—	0.628 ± 0.003	0.665 ± 0.002	—
majority	0.111 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	0.143 ± 0.000	—

fault_detection_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_detection_global across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
random_forest	0.827 ± 0.003	—	0.890 ± 0.001	—	0.866 ± 0.003	0.934 ± 0.001	—
cnn	0.799 ± 0.022	—	0.867 ± 0.017	—	0.878 ± 0.010	0.865 ± 0.010	—
resnet	0.799 ± 0.037	—	0.863 ± 0.016	—	0.864 ± 0.020	0.870 ± 0.001	—
gru	0.786 ± 0.027	—	0.858 ± 0.021	—	0.857 ± 0.022	0.854 ± 0.004	—
mlp	0.763 ± 0.001	—	0.849 ± 0.001	—	0.848 ± 0.001	0.854 ± 0.000	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_detection_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_detection_line across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
random_forest	0.838 ± 0.002	—	0.884 ± 0.001	—	0.878 ± 0.001	0.935 ± 0.000	—
resnet	0.797 ± 0.039	—	0.906 ± 0.051	—	0.914 ± 0.026	0.897 ± 0.017	—
cnn	0.808 ± 0.034	—	0.877 ± 0.011	—	0.875 ± 0.010	0.895 ± 0.010	—
gru	0.792 ± 0.020	—	0.870 ± 0.004	—	0.871 ± 0.024	0.887 ± 0.031	—
mlp	0.776 ± 0.002	—	0.854 ± 0.001	—	0.849 ± 0.002	0.866 ± 0.001	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_detection_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_detection_local across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.831 ± 0.043	—	0.883 ± 0.030	—	0.949 ± 0.016	0.902 ± 0.006	—
random_forest	0.836 ± 0.002	—	0.881 ± 0.001	—	0.882 ± 0.001	0.931 ± 0.001	—
cnn	0.826 ± 0.006	—	0.872 ± 0.014	—	0.875 ± 0.014	0.899 ± 0.005	—
gru	0.825 ± 0.036	—	0.864 ± 0.017	—	0.846 ± 0.063	0.879 ± 0.049	—
mlp	0.772 ± 0.002	—	0.850 ± 0.001	—	0.847 ± 0.001	0.863 ± 0.001	—
threshold	0.660 ± 0.000	—	0.729 ± 0.000	—	0.755 ± 0.000	0.793 ± 0.000	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_grounded_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_grounded_global across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
cnn	0.946 ± 0.007	—	0.971 ± 0.000	—	0.969 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	—
gru	0.944 ± 0.012	—	0.970 ± 0.000	—	0.970 ± 0.000	0.936 ± 0.021	—
resnet	0.953 ± 0.008	—	0.970 ± 0.000	—	0.969 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.003	—
mlp	0.928 ± 0.013	—	0.969 ± 0.000	—	0.969 ± 0.000	0.950 ± 0.003	—
random_forest	0.935 ± 0.002	—	0.955 ± 0.000	—	0.960 ± 0.001	0.955 ± 0.001	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_grounded_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_grounded_line across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.963 ± 0.007	—	0.971 ± 0.000	—	0.969 ± 0.002	0.970 ± 0.000	—
cnn	0.960 ± 0.008	—	0.970 ± 0.000	—	0.969 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.000	—
mlp	0.947 ± 0.001	—	0.970 ± 0.000	—	0.968 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.000	—
gru	0.946 ± 0.010	—	0.970 ± 0.001	—	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	—
random_forest	0.945 ± 0.001	—	0.940 ± 0.001	—	0.938 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_grounded_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_grounded_local across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
cnn	0.956 ± 0.005	—	0.970 ± 0.001	—	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	—
resnet	0.966 ± 0.001	—	0.970 ± 0.002	—	0.967 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.001	—
mlp	0.948 ± 0.001	—	0.968 ± 0.000	—	0.956 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.000	—
gru	0.940 ± 0.007	—	0.967 ± 0.003	—	0.938 ± 0.039	0.967 ± 0.001	—
random_forest	0.936 ± 0.002	—	0.922 ± 0.002	—	0.922 ± 0.002	0.943 ± 0.002	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_location_global · mae · held_out

fault_location_global across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
mlp	22.196 ± 0.031	—	16.338 ± 0.125	—	16.994 ± 0.043	20.697 ± 0.115	—
cnn	22.345 ± 0.302	—	17.771 ± 0.093	—	18.590 ± 0.215	21.447 ± 0.374	—
resnet	22.857 ± 0.448	—	17.445 ± 0.256	—	18.794 ± 0.250	21.816 ± 0.698	—
gru	22.648 ± 0.381	—	15.869 ± 0.359	—	17.359 ± 0.181	23.203 ± 0.385	—
random_forest	24.131 ± 0.047	—	19.776 ± 0.039	—	21.830 ± 0.072	24.659 ± 0.057	—
majority	23.915 ± 0.000	—	24.416 ± 0.000	—	24.378 ± 0.000	25.224 ± 0.000	—

fault_location_line · mae · held_out

fault_location_line across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
cnn	23.005 ± 0.552	—	17.841 ± 0.524	—	17.693 ± 0.366	20.081 ± 0.231	—
gru	23.887 ± 0.041	—	16.546 ± 0.127	—	17.256 ± 0.294	18.887 ± 0.218	—
resnet	23.890 ± 0.162	—	17.199 ± 0.263	—	17.864 ± 0.278	20.500 ± 0.473	—
mlp	23.915 ± 0.057	—	16.095 ± 0.030	—	17.141 ± 0.065	18.681 ± 0.137	—
random_forest	24.443 ± 0.038	—	19.120 ± 0.036	—	21.576 ± 0.051	23.590 ± 0.020	—
majority	23.915 ± 0.000	—	24.416 ± 0.000	—	24.378 ± 0.000	25.224 ± 0.000	—

fault_location_local · mae · held_out

fault_location_local across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	23.930 ± 0.071	—	19.357 ± 0.459	—	19.904 ± 0.229	23.077 ± 0.317	—
gru	23.934 ± 0.024	—	18.600 ± 0.213	—	18.768 ± 0.171	22.716 ± 0.097	—
mlp	23.943 ± 0.040	—	19.690 ± 0.037	—	20.435 ± 0.046	22.484 ± 0.027	—
cnn	23.986 ± 0.110	—	19.303 ± 0.179	—	19.727 ± 0.084	22.981 ± 0.326	—
random_forest	24.793 ± 0.039	—	22.441 ± 0.079	—	23.653 ± 0.042	24.497 ± 0.022	—
majority	23.915 ± 0.000	—	24.416 ± 0.000	—	24.378 ± 0.000	25.224 ± 0.000	—

fault_origin_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_origin_global across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
cnn	0.811 ± 0.020	—	0.867 ± 0.010	—	0.886 ± 0.010	0.860 ± 0.006	—
resnet	0.778 ± 0.018	—	0.881 ± 0.012	—	0.866 ± 0.026	0.859 ± 0.010	—
gru	0.802 ± 0.027	—	0.863 ± 0.007	—	0.875 ± 0.016	0.858 ± 0.007	—
mlp	0.774 ± 0.020	—	0.865 ± 0.003	—	0.854 ± 0.007	0.869 ± 0.003	—
random_forest	0.581 ± 0.009	—	0.842 ± 0.002	—	0.759 ± 0.006	0.548 ± 0.005	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_phase_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_phase_global across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
random_forest	0.794 ± 0.003	—	0.839 ± 0.002	—	0.833 ± 0.006	0.923 ± 0.002	—
resnet	0.800 ± 0.022	—	0.878 ± 0.034	—	0.867 ± 0.022	0.842 ± 0.006	—
cnn	0.837 ± 0.003	—	0.865 ± 0.003	—	0.874 ± 0.017	0.837 ± 0.003	—
gru	0.828 ± 0.019	—	0.857 ± 0.015	—	0.866 ± 0.024	0.824 ± 0.006	—
mlp	0.807 ± 0.003	—	0.852 ± 0.003	—	0.849 ± 0.004	0.848 ± 0.001	—
majority	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	0.143 ± 0.000	—

fault_phase_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_phase_line across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
random_forest	0.797 ± 0.002	—	0.828 ± 0.003	—	0.839 ± 0.002	0.926 ± 0.001	—
resnet	0.858 ± 0.036	—	0.894 ± 0.026	—	0.895 ± 0.020	0.916 ± 0.003	—
cnn	0.850 ± 0.003	—	0.878 ± 0.002	—	0.886 ± 0.003	0.893 ± 0.001	—
gru	0.811 ± 0.031	—	0.865 ± 0.034	—	0.876 ± 0.010	0.874 ± 0.011	—
mlp	0.805 ± 0.002	—	0.849 ± 0.002	—	0.856 ± 0.004	0.854 ± 0.002	—
majority	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	0.143 ± 0.000	—

fault_phase_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_phase_local across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
random_forest	0.783 ± 0.002	—	0.799 ± 0.002	—	0.839 ± 0.001	0.914 ± 0.002	—
resnet	0.843 ± 0.023	—	0.897 ± 0.029	—	0.898 ± 0.026	0.904 ± 0.029	—
cnn	0.854 ± 0.002	—	0.881 ± 0.003	—	0.883 ± 0.023	0.897 ± 0.001	—
gru	0.809 ± 0.008	—	0.851 ± 0.012	—	0.838 ± 0.032	0.865 ± 0.007	—
mlp	0.810 ± 0.004	—	0.850 ± 0.005	—	0.843 ± 0.004	0.856 ± 0.001	—
majority	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	0.143 ± 0.000	—

switch_detection_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

switch_detection_global across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
random_forest	0.754 ± 0.002	—	0.721 ± 0.001	—	0.682 ± 0.002	0.922 ± 0.000	—
resnet	0.865 ± 0.011	—	0.780 ± 0.004	—	0.786 ± 0.006	0.888 ± 0.013	—
cnn	0.781 ± 0.012	—	0.729 ± 0.025	—	0.694 ± 0.021	0.783 ± 0.011	—
gru	0.718 ± 0.127	—	0.769 ± 0.029	—	0.725 ± 0.057	0.720 ± 0.041	—
mlp	0.688 ± 0.002	—	0.701 ± 0.000	—	0.711 ± 0.001	0.754 ± 0.015	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

switch_type_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

switch_type_global across topologies (test)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
random_forest	0.605 ± 0.005	—	0.729 ± 0.002	—	0.658 ± 0.005	0.872 ± 0.002	—
resnet	0.628 ± 0.064	—	0.791 ± 0.050	—	0.835 ± 0.056	0.689 ± 0.022	—
gru	0.739 ± 0.012	—	0.696 ± 0.014	—	0.747 ± 0.006	0.669 ± 0.016	—
cnn	0.726 ± 0.005	—	0.710 ± 0.006	—	0.729 ± 0.003	0.682 ± 0.011	—
mlp	0.592 ± 0.002	—	0.705 ± 0.009	—	0.694 ± 0.002	0.719 ± 0.005	—
majority	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.250 ± 0.000	—	0.200 ± 0.000	0.200 ± 0.000	—

event_classification_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

event_classification_global across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.670 ± 0.092	—	0.833 ± 0.016	—	0.831 ± 0.025	0.283 ± 0.045	—
gru	0.698 ± 0.031	—	0.751 ± 0.042	—	0.730 ± 0.030	0.219 ± 0.016	—
cnn	0.702 ± 0.011	—	0.669 ± 0.063	—	0.706 ± 0.015	0.226 ± 0.011	—
mlp	0.542 ± 0.006	—	0.573 ± 0.013	—	0.584 ± 0.020	0.262 ± 0.007	—
random_forest	0.520 ± 0.006	—	0.220 ± 0.009	—	0.227 ± 0.006	0.553 ± 0.018	—
majority	0.045 ± 0.000	—	0.062 ± 0.000	—	0.059 ± 0.000	0.062 ± 0.000	—

event_detection_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

event_detection_global across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.989 ± 0.007	—	0.952 ± 0.111	—	0.994 ± 0.003	0.775 ± 0.314	—
gru	0.966 ± 0.015	—	0.990 ± 0.003	—	0.994 ± 0.004	0.867 ± 0.128	—
mlp	0.957 ± 0.000	—	0.984 ± 0.000	—	0.984 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.001	—
random_forest	0.984 ± 0.000	—	0.947 ± 0.004	—	0.949 ± 0.001	0.506 ± 0.000	—
cnn	0.966 ± 0.006	—	0.983 ± 0.000	—	0.982 ± 0.001	0.706 ± 0.313	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

event_state_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

event_state_global across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.845 ± 0.069	—	0.870 ± 0.016	—	0.868 ± 0.076	0.656 ± 0.224	—
random_forest	0.866 ± 0.002	—	0.703 ± 0.008	—	0.652 ± 0.006	0.643 ± 0.021	—
cnn	0.865 ± 0.024	—	0.798 ± 0.009	—	0.789 ± 0.030	0.681 ± 0.144	—
gru	0.848 ± 0.025	—	0.833 ± 0.024	—	0.801 ± 0.042	0.636 ± 0.009	—
mlp	0.798 ± 0.002	—	0.808 ± 0.000	—	0.805 ± 0.001	0.749 ± 0.026	—
majority	0.333 ± 0.000	—	0.333 ± 0.000	—	0.333 ± 0.000	0.333 ± 0.000	—

fault_category_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_category_global across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
gru	0.674 ± 0.032	—	0.998 ± 0.001	—	0.997 ± 0.004	0.910 ± 0.055	—
resnet	0.657 ± 0.003	—	0.996 ± 0.004	—	0.990 ± 0.007	0.794 ± 0.334	—
mlp	0.668 ± 0.043	—	0.995 ± 0.001	—	0.993 ± 0.003	0.536 ± 0.088	—
cnn	0.656 ± 0.007	—	0.995 ± 0.002	—	0.989 ± 0.005	0.693 ± 0.332	—
random_forest	0.665 ± 0.001	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.667 ± 0.016	—
majority	0.333 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_category_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_category_line across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
gru	0.670 ± 0.012	—	1.000 ± 0.000	—	0.998 ± 0.000	0.998 ± 0.001	—
random_forest	0.643 ± 0.006	—	0.683 ± 0.094	—	0.628 ± 0.004	0.999 ± 0.000	—
cnn	0.673 ± 0.015	—	0.999 ± 0.001	—	0.997 ± 0.001	0.997 ± 0.002	—
resnet	0.674 ± 0.032	—	0.999 ± 0.001	—	0.997 ± 0.001	0.997 ± 0.002	—
mlp	0.662 ± 0.001	—	0.998 ± 0.001	—	0.995 ± 0.000	0.998 ± 0.002	—
majority	0.333 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_category_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_category_local across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.680 ± 0.039	—	0.998 ± 0.001	—	0.984 ± 0.005	0.984 ± 0.006	—
random_forest	0.631 ± 0.009	—	0.606 ± 0.192	—	0.637 ± 0.010	0.997 ± 0.000	—
cnn	0.660 ± 0.004	—	0.994 ± 0.005	—	0.983 ± 0.005	0.984 ± 0.005	—
mlp	0.655 ± 0.002	—	0.985 ± 0.001	—	0.985 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	—
gru	0.664 ± 0.002	—	0.992 ± 0.003	—	0.991 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	—
majority	0.333 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_classification_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_classification_global across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.548 ± 0.007	—	0.854 ± 0.097	—	0.772 ± 0.070	0.432 ± 0.081	—
mlp	0.542 ± 0.001	—	0.717 ± 0.002	—	0.713 ± 0.001	0.606 ± 0.041	—
cnn	0.534 ± 0.006	—	0.709 ± 0.003	—	0.707 ± 0.007	0.385 ± 0.052	—
gru	0.540 ± 0.011	—	0.709 ± 0.004	—	0.704 ± 0.007	0.446 ± 0.089	—
random_forest	0.548 ± 0.002	—	0.581 ± 0.004	—	0.600 ± 0.005	0.683 ± 0.002	—
majority	0.111 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	0.143 ± 0.000	—

fault_classification_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_classification_line across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.700 ± 0.010	—	0.873 ± 0.023	—	0.834 ± 0.015	0.716 ± 0.003	—
cnn	0.589 ± 0.028	—	0.811 ± 0.016	—	0.743 ± 0.021	0.713 ± 0.002	—
gru	0.552 ± 0.005	—	0.719 ± 0.005	—	0.718 ± 0.003	0.715 ± 0.002	—
mlp	0.549 ± 0.002	—	0.716 ± 0.001	—	0.715 ± 0.001	0.715 ± 0.000	—
random_forest	0.531 ± 0.003	—	0.555 ± 0.003	—	0.631 ± 0.009	0.679 ± 0.001	—
majority	0.111 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	0.143 ± 0.000	—

fault_classification_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_classification_local across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.701 ± 0.011	—	0.896 ± 0.045	—	0.848 ± 0.007	0.704 ± 0.008	—
cnn	0.589 ± 0.031	—	0.812 ± 0.010	—	0.727 ± 0.004	0.709 ± 0.002	—
mlp	0.546 ± 0.002	—	0.704 ± 0.001	—	0.705 ± 0.001	0.711 ± 0.000	—
gru	0.542 ± 0.001	—	0.710 ± 0.002	—	0.709 ± 0.002	0.703 ± 0.003	—
random_forest	0.526 ± 0.004	—	0.539 ± 0.002	—	0.586 ± 0.006	0.667 ± 0.002	—
majority	0.111 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	0.143 ± 0.000	—

fault_detection_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_detection_global across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
cnn	0.961 ± 0.008	—	0.987 ± 0.001	—	0.987 ± 0.003	0.594 ± 0.267	—
resnet	0.964 ± 0.015	—	0.987 ± 0.001	—	0.987 ± 0.004	0.500 ± 0.000	—
mlp	0.959 ± 0.000	—	0.986 ± 0.000	—	0.985 ± 0.000	0.714 ± 0.072	—
gru	0.963 ± 0.006	—	0.943 ± 0.114	—	0.985 ± 0.003	0.848 ± 0.222	—
random_forest	0.985 ± 0.001	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_detection_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_detection_line across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.963 ± 0.010	—	0.991 ± 0.008	—	0.990 ± 0.003	0.988 ± 0.003	—
gru	0.965 ± 0.005	—	0.955 ± 0.089	—	0.967 ± 0.055	0.989 ± 0.004	—
cnn	0.965 ± 0.008	—	0.987 ± 0.001	—	0.987 ± 0.002	0.987 ± 0.000	—
mlp	0.964 ± 0.000	—	0.987 ± 0.000	—	0.985 ± 0.000	0.987 ± 0.000	—
random_forest	0.980 ± 0.003	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.681 ± 0.028	0.868 ± 0.004	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_detection_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_detection_local across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.969 ± 0.008	—	0.989 ± 0.008	—	0.995 ± 0.004	0.989 ± 0.001	—
cnn	0.970 ± 0.004	—	0.987 ± 0.001	—	0.987 ± 0.002	0.987 ± 0.001	—
mlp	0.958 ± 0.003	—	0.981 ± 0.000	—	0.982 ± 0.000	0.984 ± 0.000	—
gru	0.975 ± 0.013	—	0.984 ± 0.004	—	0.963 ± 0.035	0.979 ± 0.016	—
random_forest	0.983 ± 0.001	—	0.499 ± 0.000	—	0.672 ± 0.002	0.886 ± 0.000	—
threshold	0.810 ± 0.000	—	0.916 ± 0.000	—	0.886 ± 0.000	0.914 ± 0.000	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_grounded_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_grounded_global across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
cnn	0.988 ± 0.005	—	1.000 ± 0.001	—	0.999 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.027	—
resnet	0.994 ± 0.002	—	0.999 ± 0.001	—	0.998 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.006	—
gru	0.986 ± 0.005	—	0.999 ± 0.001	—	0.996 ± 0.002	0.902 ± 0.057	—
mlp	0.975 ± 0.008	—	0.998 ± 0.001	—	0.995 ± 0.000	0.926 ± 0.006	—
random_forest	0.989 ± 0.001	—	0.653 ± 0.007	—	0.680 ± 0.008	0.870 ± 0.009	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_grounded_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_grounded_line across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
cnn	0.994 ± 0.004	—	1.000 ± 0.000	—	1.000 ± 0.000	0.999 ± 0.000	—
resnet	0.996 ± 0.001	—	1.000 ± 0.000	—	0.998 ± 0.003	0.998 ± 0.001	—
gru	0.985 ± 0.007	—	0.998 ± 0.000	—	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	—
mlp	0.987 ± 0.001	—	0.996 ± 0.000	—	0.996 ± 0.000	0.998 ± 0.000	—
random_forest	0.982 ± 0.000	—	0.686 ± 0.009	—	0.829 ± 0.009	0.910 ± 0.001	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_grounded_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_grounded_local across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.997 ± 0.001	—	0.997 ± 0.004	—	0.998 ± 0.002	0.997 ± 0.001	—
cnn	0.993 ± 0.005	—	0.998 ± 0.002	—	0.998 ± 0.001	0.997 ± 0.001	—
mlp	0.983 ± 0.001	—	0.991 ± 0.001	—	0.990 ± 0.001	0.995 ± 0.000	—
gru	0.983 ± 0.006	—	0.992 ± 0.004	—	0.979 ± 0.019	0.992 ± 0.001	—
random_forest	0.956 ± 0.001	—	0.678 ± 0.005	—	0.817 ± 0.004	0.884 ± 0.002	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_location_global · mae · held_out

fault_location_global across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
mlp	18.868 ± 0.943	—	6.296 ± 0.269	—	6.538 ± 0.115	20.389 ± 0.724	—
resnet	21.112 ± 2.293	—	8.267 ± 1.416	—	12.354 ± 0.641	21.762 ± 3.878	—
gru	20.388 ± 2.245	—	5.102 ± 0.715	—	7.804 ± 0.638	24.926 ± 1.094	—
cnn	19.521 ± 0.995	—	10.106 ± 0.327	—	11.585 ± 0.441	27.133 ± 4.908	—
random_forest	30.481 ± 0.083	—	17.824 ± 0.092	—	23.947 ± 0.088	29.816 ± 0.039	—
majority	30.351 ± 0.000	—	31.094 ± 0.000	—	31.168 ± 0.000	31.129 ± 0.000	—

fault_location_line · mae · held_out

fault_location_line across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
cnn	24.522 ± 4.373	—	10.421 ± 1.154	—	8.842 ± 1.200	13.893 ± 0.551	—
resnet	29.672 ± 2.190	—	8.809 ± 1.116	—	8.733 ± 0.828	15.229 ± 0.959	—
mlp	30.470 ± 0.095	—	5.179 ± 0.243	—	6.545 ± 0.540	9.396 ± 0.257	—
gru	30.485 ± 0.062	—	6.248 ± 0.522	—	6.415 ± 0.903	10.259 ± 0.662	—
random_forest	31.076 ± 0.051	—	14.992 ± 0.059	—	19.552 ± 0.089	23.631 ± 0.039	—
majority	30.351 ± 0.000	—	31.094 ± 0.000	—	31.168 ± 0.000	31.129 ± 0.000	—

fault_location_local · mae · held_out

fault_location_local across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
gru	30.485 ± 0.049	—	11.695 ± 0.530	—	10.855 ± 0.572	21.981 ± 0.495	—
mlp	30.530 ± 0.155	—	15.204 ± 0.163	—	17.456 ± 0.118	21.403 ± 0.013	—
cnn	30.710 ± 0.117	—	15.649 ± 0.432	—	14.990 ± 0.643	22.972 ± 0.660	—
resnet	30.969 ± 0.623	—	15.434 ± 1.558	—	15.943 ± 0.645	23.973 ± 0.637	—
majority	30.351 ± 0.000	—	31.094 ± 0.000	—	31.168 ± 0.000	31.129 ± 0.000	—
random_forest	32.533 ± 0.025	—	26.961 ± 0.054	—	27.029 ± 0.048	28.371 ± 0.035	—

fault_origin_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_origin_global across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
mlp	0.969 ± 0.021	—	0.990 ± 0.005	—	0.984 ± 0.016	0.970 ± 0.003	—
resnet	0.944 ± 0.042	—	0.975 ± 0.020	—	0.983 ± 0.019	0.961 ± 0.025	—
cnn	0.919 ± 0.035	—	0.976 ± 0.019	—	0.974 ± 0.016	0.951 ± 0.024	—
gru	0.940 ± 0.031	—	0.969 ± 0.017	—	0.972 ± 0.014	0.973 ± 0.003	—
random_forest	0.574 ± 0.003	—	0.917 ± 0.003	—	0.799 ± 0.017	0.534 ± 0.006	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

fault_phase_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_phase_global across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.954 ± 0.009	—	0.988 ± 0.011	—	0.977 ± 0.006	0.768 ± 0.077	—
cnn	0.977 ± 0.004	—	0.984 ± 0.002	—	0.980 ± 0.002	0.880 ± 0.065	—
mlp	0.964 ± 0.003	—	0.983 ± 0.001	—	0.982 ± 0.001	0.939 ± 0.006	—
gru	0.966 ± 0.006	—	0.982 ± 0.001	—	0.982 ± 0.003	0.848 ± 0.021	—
random_forest	0.949 ± 0.004	—	0.961 ± 0.005	—	0.973 ± 0.004	0.972 ± 0.005	—
majority	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	0.143 ± 0.000	—

fault_phase_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_phase_line across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.977 ± 0.010	—	0.991 ± 0.007	—	0.987 ± 0.005	0.993 ± 0.001	—
cnn	0.975 ± 0.001	—	0.986 ± 0.001	—	0.984 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.001	—
mlp	0.966 ± 0.001	—	0.983 ± 0.001	—	0.983 ± 0.000	0.982 ± 0.000	—
gru	0.962 ± 0.012	—	0.983 ± 0.002	—	0.982 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.003	—
random_forest	0.954 ± 0.001	—	0.961 ± 0.001	—	0.966 ± 0.002	0.972 ± 0.001	—
majority	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	0.143 ± 0.000	—

fault_phase_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_phase_local across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.970 ± 0.008	—	0.990 ± 0.009	—	0.989 ± 0.008	0.990 ± 0.009	—
cnn	0.972 ± 0.003	—	0.984 ± 0.002	—	0.981 ± 0.006	0.983 ± 0.003	—
mlp	0.963 ± 0.001	—	0.979 ± 0.001	—	0.979 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	—
gru	0.954 ± 0.003	—	0.975 ± 0.002	—	0.970 ± 0.010	0.969 ± 0.004	—
random_forest	0.935 ± 0.000	—	0.919 ± 0.002	—	0.949 ± 0.001	0.955 ± 0.001	—
majority	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.143 ± 0.000	0.143 ± 0.000	—

switch_detection_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

switch_detection_global across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.914 ± 0.014	—	0.808 ± 0.017	—	0.785 ± 0.031	0.654 ± 0.092	—
gru	0.758 ± 0.102	—	0.826 ± 0.032	—	0.805 ± 0.042	0.789 ± 0.021	—
cnn	0.822 ± 0.014	—	0.816 ± 0.017	—	0.823 ± 0.002	0.769 ± 0.044	—
random_forest	0.816 ± 0.005	—	0.630 ± 0.016	—	0.592 ± 0.006	0.778 ± 0.055	—
mlp	0.710 ± 0.001	—	0.730 ± 0.002	—	0.734 ± 0.003	0.760 ± 0.016	—
majority	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	—	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.000	—

switch_type_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

switch_type_global across topologies (benchmark)
baseline	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	template_20kv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	template_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz	template_345kv EHV · 345 kV · 50 Hz
resnet	0.683 ± 0.074	—	0.738 ± 0.007	—	0.865 ± 0.084	0.234 ± 0.021	—
cnn	0.782 ± 0.016	—	0.678 ± 0.036	—	0.739 ± 0.007	0.231 ± 0.030	—
gru	0.781 ± 0.020	—	0.720 ± 0.012	—	0.766 ± 0.029	0.251 ± 0.017	—
random_forest	0.751 ± 0.003	—	0.304 ± 0.000	—	0.247 ± 0.001	0.664 ± 0.023	—
mlp	0.687 ± 0.013	—	0.732 ± 0.011	—	0.692 ± 0.026	0.270 ± 0.005	—
majority	0.143 ± 0.000	—	0.250 ± 0.000	—	0.200 ± 0.000	0.200 ± 0.000	—

Tier 1 — easy anchors

fault_category_line — cross-grid transfer (benchmark)
protocol · source	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz
zero-shot · 20 kV	0.589 ± 0.006	0.713 ± 0.091	0.730 ± 0.126	0.714 ± 0.097
zero-shot · 110 kV	0.562 ± 0.008	0.778 ± 0.004	0.826 ± 0.005	0.876 ± 0.007
zero-shot · 345 kV	0.557 ± 0.006	0.736 ± 0.010	0.779 ± 0.015	0.894 ± 0.003
fine-tune · 20 kV	0.689 ± 0.035	0.997 ± 0.003	0.996 ± 0.003	0.990 ± 0.001
fine-tune · 110 kV	0.694 ± 0.019	0.997 ± 0.004	0.998 ± 0.001	0.990 ± 0.001
fine-tune · 345 kV	0.694 ± 0.035	0.994 ± 0.004	0.997 ± 0.002	0.989 ± 0.001

fault_category_local — cross-grid transfer (benchmark)
protocol · source	cigre_mv MV · 20 kV · 50 Hz	double_line HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	testgrid_110kv HV · 110 kV · 50 Hz	ieee39 EHV · 345 kV · 60 Hz
zero-shot · 20 kV	0.598 ± 0.017	0.725 ± 0.125	0.694 ± 0.117	0.702 ± 0.031
zero-shot · 110 kV	0.568 ± 0.017	0.864 ± 0.034	0.831 ± 0.025	0.857 ± 0.037
zero-shot · 345 kV	0.586 ± 0.019	0.890 ± 0.055	0.885 ± 0.064	0.929 ± 0.004
fine-tune · 20 kV	0.722 ± 0.050	0.998 ± 0.000	0.983 ± 0.016	0.987 ± 0.006
fine-tune · 110 kV	0.692 ± 0.021	0.998 ± 0.000	0.988 ± 0.015	0.985 ± 0.011
fine-tune · 345 kV	0.708 ± 0.042	0.999 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.025	0.988 ± 0.004

event_detection_global

event_detection_global — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	false_event_trip_rate	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	missed_event_rate	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.002	0.005 ± 0.006	0.993 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.003	0.006 ± 0.003	5	56005	564k	26.6m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.004	0.993 ± 0.005	0.006 ± 0.007	0.992 ± 0.006	0.992 ± 0.006	0.007 ± 0.009	5	56005	92k	21.4m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.003	0.991 ± 0.003	0.014 ± 0.002	0.990 ± 0.003	0.990 ± 0.003	0.006 ± 0.003	5	25323	69k	8.9m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.007	0.988 ± 0.006	0.010 ± 0.010	0.987 ± 0.006	0.987 ± 0.006	0.012 ± 0.004	5	103707	602k	36.9m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	0.032 ± 0.000	5	56005	26.7M	20.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.000	0.984 ± 0.001	0.017 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	0.015 ± 0.002	5	103707	—	7.9m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	0.033 ± 0.001	5	25323	12.0M	8.9m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	0.002 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	0.031 ± 0.000	5	25323	68k	9.0m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.002 ± 0.000	0.973 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	0.033 ± 0.002	5	56005	94k	21.1m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.000	0.971 ± 0.001	0.971 ± 0.001	0.038 ± 0.001	5	223284	103.4M	1.6h
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.015	0.954 ± 0.020	0.002 ± 0.002	0.950 ± 0.021	0.950 ± 0.021	0.067 ± 0.029	5	103707	117k	38.3m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.006	0.954 ± 0.008	0.003 ± 0.003	0.950 ± 0.009	0.950 ± 0.009	0.066 ± 0.014	5	103707	124k	36.8m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.000	0.942 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.000	0.937 ± 0.001	0.937 ± 0.001	0.085 ± 0.001	5	103707	42.9M	36.5m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.111	0.966 ± 0.070	0.085 ± 0.226	0.956 ± 0.093	0.956 ± 0.093	0.010 ± 0.011	5	25323	530k	24.0m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.001	0.931 ± 0.002	0.001 ± 0.000	0.925 ± 0.002	0.925 ± 0.002	0.101 ± 0.002	5	56005	—	3.1m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.004	0.930 ± 0.006	0.004 ± 0.001	0.923 ± 0.006	0.923 ± 0.006	0.101 ± 0.009	5	25323	—	1.8m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.934	0.934 ± 0.001	0.932 ± 0.000	0.053 ± 0.001	0.930 ± 0.000	—	0.078 ± 0.000	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.930	0.930 ± 0.000	0.928 ± 0.000	0.059 ± 0.001	0.926 ± 0.000	0.926 ± 0.000	0.081 ± 0.000	5	34569	—	18.3m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.911	0.911 ± 0.014	0.898 ± 0.015	0.019 ± 0.004	0.897 ± 0.015	—	0.160 ± 0.024	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.911	0.911 ± 0.012	0.897 ± 0.014	0.018 ± 0.005	0.896 ± 0.014	0.896 ± 0.014	0.160 ± 0.020	5	34500	69k	8.9m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.888	0.888 ± 0.019	0.872 ± 0.023	0.021 ± 0.006	0.872 ± 0.022	—	0.203 ± 0.039	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.019	0.867 ± 0.023	0.021 ± 0.006	0.867 ± 0.023	0.867 ± 0.023	0.211 ± 0.040	5	34178	602k	36.9m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.048	0.864 ± 0.057	0.020 ± 0.006	0.864 ± 0.056	—	0.217 ± 0.098	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.045	0.865 ± 0.053	0.022 ± 0.006	0.864 ± 0.053	0.864 ± 0.053	0.216 ± 0.094	5	33672	92k	21.4m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.030	0.855 ± 0.034	0.021 ± 0.010	0.855 ± 0.034	—	0.232 ± 0.057	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.027	0.855 ± 0.032	0.021 ± 0.008	0.855 ± 0.032	0.855 ± 0.032	0.233 ± 0.055	5	33672	564k	26.6m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.032	0.847 ± 0.039	0.010 ± 0.006	0.846 ± 0.039	—	0.252 ± 0.070	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.128	0.902 ± 0.077	0.230 ± 0.269	0.876 ± 0.114	0.876 ± 0.114	0.035 ± 0.017	5	223284	211k	1.5h
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.033	0.843 ± 0.040	0.009 ± 0.005	0.843 ± 0.039	0.843 ± 0.039	0.258 ± 0.070	5	34500	530k	24.0m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.843	0.843 ± 0.001	0.815 ± 0.002	0.006 ± 0.001	0.815 ± 0.002	0.815 ± 0.002	0.308 ± 0.003	5	34569	103.4M	1.6h
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.839	0.839 ± 0.001	0.810 ± 0.001	0.007 ± 0.001	0.810 ± 0.001	—	0.314 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.832	0.832 ± 0.058	0.807 ± 0.068	0.029 ± 0.003	0.806 ± 0.067	0.806 ± 0.067	0.306 ± 0.114	5	34569	744k	1.6h
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.828	0.828 ± 0.059	0.801 ± 0.070	0.029 ± 0.003	0.801 ± 0.069	—	0.315 ± 0.116	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.814	0.814 ± 0.001	0.796 ± 0.001	0.083 ± 0.002	0.796 ± 0.001	—	0.289 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.810	0.810 ± 0.000	0.791 ± 0.001	0.078 ± 0.002	0.791 ± 0.000	0.791 ± 0.000	0.301 ± 0.002	5	34178	—	7.9m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.805	0.805 ± 0.001	0.780 ± 0.001	0.060 ± 0.002	0.780 ± 0.001	—	0.330 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.804	0.804 ± 0.000	0.779 ± 0.000	0.064 ± 0.001	0.779 ± 0.000	0.779 ± 0.000	0.328 ± 0.000	5	34500	—	1.8m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.797	0.797 ± 0.007	0.761 ± 0.008	0.014 ± 0.003	0.761 ± 0.008	0.761 ± 0.008	0.393 ± 0.013	5	34500	68k	9.0m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.793	0.793 ± 0.006	0.757 ± 0.008	0.011 ± 0.004	0.757 ± 0.008	—	0.402 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.791	0.791 ± 0.082	0.759 ± 0.094	0.023 ± 0.012	0.757 ± 0.099	—	0.395 ± 0.153	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.790	0.790 ± 0.003	0.755 ± 0.004	0.004 ± 0.001	0.754 ± 0.004	0.754 ± 0.004	0.416 ± 0.006	5	33672	26.7M	20.6m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.789	0.789 ± 0.003	0.752 ± 0.003	0.003 ± 0.001	0.751 ± 0.003	—	0.420 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.787	0.787 ± 0.005	0.752 ± 0.006	0.031 ± 0.002	0.751 ± 0.006	—	0.396 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.786	0.786 ± 0.001	0.746 ± 0.002	0.001 ± 0.000	0.745 ± 0.002	0.745 ± 0.002	0.427 ± 0.003	5	34500	12.0M	8.9m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.786	0.786 ± 0.005	0.752 ± 0.006	0.031 ± 0.005	0.751 ± 0.006	0.751 ± 0.006	0.397 ± 0.011	5	34569	234k	1.7h
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.785	0.785 ± 0.083	0.752 ± 0.095	0.023 ± 0.016	0.750 ± 0.101	0.750 ± 0.101	0.406 ± 0.154	5	34178	117k	38.3m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.784	0.784 ± 0.001	0.763 ± 0.001	0.096 ± 0.002	0.763 ± 0.001	0.763 ± 0.001	0.337 ± 0.001	5	33672	—	3.1m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.783	0.783 ± 0.001	0.744 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.000	0.742 ± 0.001	—	0.432 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.782	0.782 ± 0.001	0.761 ± 0.001	0.094 ± 0.002	0.761 ± 0.001	—	0.341 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.775	0.775 ± 0.314	0.851 ± 0.196	0.433 ± 0.641	0.739 ± 0.375	0.739 ± 0.375	0.016 ± 0.017	5	223284	744k	1.6h
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.770	0.770 ± 0.051	0.733 ± 0.060	0.033 ± 0.009	0.732 ± 0.062	0.732 ± 0.062	0.427 ± 0.099	5	34569	211k	1.5h
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.769	0.769 ± 0.050	0.730 ± 0.058	0.033 ± 0.013	0.729 ± 0.060	—	0.430 ± 0.096	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.761	0.761 ± 0.009	0.725 ± 0.011	0.028 ± 0.004	0.723 ± 0.011	0.723 ± 0.011	0.450 ± 0.020	5	33672	94k	21.1m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.759	0.759 ± 0.009	0.722 ± 0.012	0.027 ± 0.004	0.720 ± 0.012	—	0.455 ± 0.022	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.758	0.758 ± 0.015	0.720 ± 0.018	0.019 ± 0.003	0.718 ± 0.019	—	0.464 ± 0.032	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.753	0.753 ± 0.002	0.713 ± 0.002	0.011 ± 0.001	0.709 ± 0.002	—	0.482 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.752	0.752 ± 0.015	0.712 ± 0.018	0.018 ± 0.004	0.709 ± 0.020	0.709 ± 0.020	0.479 ± 0.033	5	34178	124k	36.8m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.748	0.748 ± 0.002	0.707 ± 0.003	0.012 ± 0.001	0.703 ± 0.003	0.703 ± 0.003	0.492 ± 0.005	5	34178	42.9M	36.5m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.706	0.706 ± 0.313	0.807 ± 0.193	0.575 ± 0.646	0.659 ± 0.362	0.659 ± 0.362	0.013 ± 0.020	5	223284	234k	1.7h
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.506	0.506 ± 0.000	0.683 ± 0.000	0.987 ± 0.000	0.419 ± 0.000	0.419 ± 0.000	0.001 ± 0.000	5	223284	—	18.3m
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.677 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.404 ± 0.000	0.404 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	103707	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.586 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.370 ± 0.000	0.370 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	34178	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.680 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.405 ± 0.000	0.405 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	25323	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.593 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.372 ± 0.000	0.372 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	34500	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.680 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.405 ± 0.000	0.405 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	223284	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.594 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.373 ± 0.000	0.373 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	34569	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.681 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.405 ± 0.000	0.405 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	56005	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.585 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.369 ± 0.000	0.369 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	33672	—	0s

fault_detection_global

fault_detection_global — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	false_alarm_rate	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	missed_fault_rate	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.003	0.982 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.004	0.980 ± 0.004	0.026 ± 0.005	5	54855	94k	8.4m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.004	0.982 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.006	0.980 ± 0.006	0.026 ± 0.007	5	54855	564k	9.5m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.026 ± 0.001	5	24771	530k	8.2m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.026 ± 0.002	5	24771	68k	3.8m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.028 ± 0.001	5	24771	12.0M	4.4m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.003	0.980 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.004	0.977 ± 0.004	0.029 ± 0.005	5	54855	92k	5.7m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.001	0.010 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	0.020 ± 0.002	5	100119	—	3.0m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.031 ± 0.001	5	54855	26.7M	8.4m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.015	0.950 ± 0.020	0.000 ± 0.000	0.945 ± 0.021	0.945 ± 0.021	0.072 ± 0.029	5	100119	602k	9.9m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.006	0.949 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.000	0.944 ± 0.008	0.944 ± 0.008	0.074 ± 0.012	5	100119	117k	12.9m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.008	0.947 ± 0.010	0.000 ± 0.000	0.941 ± 0.011	0.941 ± 0.011	0.077 ± 0.015	5	100119	124k	12.6m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.000	0.943 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.937 ± 0.000	0.937 ± 0.000	0.083 ± 0.001	5	100119	42.9M	14.2m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.114	0.953 ± 0.068	0.086 ± 0.239	0.941 ± 0.093	0.941 ± 0.093	0.029 ± 0.016	5	24771	69k	2.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.001	0.937 ± 0.000	0.068 ± 0.001	0.923 ± 0.000	—	0.061 ± 0.000	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.934	0.934 ± 0.001	0.936 ± 0.000	0.070 ± 0.001	0.923 ± 0.000	0.923 ± 0.000	0.062 ± 0.000	5	16583	—	6.9m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.898	0.898 ± 0.000	0.862 ± 0.001	0.022 ± 0.001	0.847 ± 0.001	—	0.182 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.890	0.890 ± 0.001	0.853 ± 0.001	0.026 ± 0.001	0.837 ± 0.001	0.837 ± 0.001	0.193 ± 0.001	5	16123	—	40s
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.010	0.828 ± 0.018	0.009 ± 0.008	0.813 ± 0.017	0.813 ± 0.017	0.234 ± 0.027	5	14697	94k	8.4m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.011	0.819 ± 0.019	0.006 ± 0.005	0.805 ± 0.018	—	0.247 ± 0.028	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.001	0.815 ± 0.003	0.004 ± 0.002	0.802 ± 0.002	0.802 ± 0.002	0.256 ± 0.004	5	16583	744k	48.6m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.017	0.808 ± 0.025	0.000 ± 0.000	0.795 ± 0.024	0.795 ± 0.024	0.265 ± 0.034	5	16123	68k	3.8m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.003	0.835 ± 0.002	0.064 ± 0.004	0.816 ± 0.002	0.816 ± 0.002	0.204 ± 0.002	5	14697	—	1.1m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.015	0.806 ± 0.022	0.000 ± 0.000	0.794 ± 0.021	—	0.268 ± 0.031	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.001	0.806 ± 0.002	0.001 ± 0.001	0.793 ± 0.002	—	0.268 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.010	0.807 ± 0.015	0.003 ± 0.002	0.795 ± 0.014	0.795 ± 0.014	0.267 ± 0.021	5	16583	234k	40.9m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.001	0.832 ± 0.000	0.063 ± 0.003	0.814 ± 0.001	—	0.207 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.020	0.805 ± 0.031	0.004 ± 0.005	0.792 ± 0.029	0.792 ± 0.029	0.268 ± 0.044	5	14697	564k	9.5m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.016	0.802 ± 0.024	0.000 ± 0.001	0.789 ± 0.023	0.789 ± 0.023	0.273 ± 0.033	5	16123	530k	8.2m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.009	0.802 ± 0.014	0.001 ± 0.001	0.789 ± 0.013	—	0.274 ± 0.019	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.014	0.801 ± 0.021	0.001 ± 0.001	0.788 ± 0.020	—	0.276 ± 0.030	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.017	0.798 ± 0.026	0.002 ± 0.005	0.785 ± 0.024	—	0.278 ± 0.037	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.021	0.795 ± 0.030	0.000 ± 0.001	0.782 ± 0.029	0.782 ± 0.029	0.283 ± 0.042	5	16123	69k	2.6m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.019	0.793 ± 0.027	0.000 ± 0.000	0.781 ± 0.026	—	0.286 ± 0.038	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.022	0.794 ± 0.033	0.002 ± 0.003	0.781 ± 0.031	0.781 ± 0.031	0.284 ± 0.046	5	14697	92k	5.7m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.016	0.790 ± 0.024	0.001 ± 0.002	0.777 ± 0.023	—	0.289 ± 0.034	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.004	0.791 ± 0.007	0.003 ± 0.002	0.779 ± 0.007	0.779 ± 0.007	0.290 ± 0.010	5	16583	211k	35.8m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.000	0.789 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.778 ± 0.000	0.778 ± 0.000	0.293 ± 0.001	5	16583	103.4M	47.3m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.000	0.785 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.773 ± 0.000	—	0.297 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.851	0.851 ± 0.004	0.786 ± 0.005	0.003 ± 0.004	0.774 ± 0.005	—	0.295 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.001	0.782 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.770 ± 0.001	0.770 ± 0.001	0.301 ± 0.002	5	16123	12.0M	4.4m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.001	0.781 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.769 ± 0.002	0.769 ± 0.002	0.303 ± 0.003	5	14697	26.7M	8.4m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.000	0.780 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.768 ± 0.000	—	0.305 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.222	0.887 ± 0.127	0.259 ± 0.479	0.836 ± 0.224	0.836 ± 0.224	0.046 ± 0.041	5	218569	211k	35.8m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.001	0.779 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.766 ± 0.001	—	0.306 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.832	0.832 ± 0.002	0.811 ± 0.002	0.122 ± 0.003	0.789 ± 0.002	—	0.214 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.827	0.827 ± 0.003	0.796 ± 0.001	0.106 ± 0.006	0.775 ± 0.002	0.775 ± 0.002	0.241 ± 0.001	5	14950	—	3.0m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.810	0.810 ± 0.042	0.725 ± 0.061	0.002 ± 0.002	0.717 ± 0.057	—	0.379 ± 0.085	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.808	0.808 ± 0.023	0.724 ± 0.034	0.002 ± 0.003	0.715 ± 0.032	—	0.381 ± 0.048	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.799	0.799 ± 0.037	0.712 ± 0.054	0.006 ± 0.008	0.704 ± 0.050	0.704 ± 0.050	0.395 ± 0.076	5	14950	602k	9.9m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.799	0.799 ± 0.022	0.710 ± 0.033	0.003 ± 0.003	0.702 ± 0.031	0.702 ± 0.031	0.399 ± 0.047	5	14950	124k	12.6m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.796	0.796 ± 0.026	0.708 ± 0.036	0.009 ± 0.007	0.700 ± 0.033	—	0.399 ± 0.047	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.786	0.786 ± 0.027	0.694 ± 0.036	0.011 ± 0.007	0.687 ± 0.034	0.687 ± 0.034	0.418 ± 0.048	5	14950	117k	12.9m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.765	0.765 ± 0.000	0.659 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.655 ± 0.001	—	0.471 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.763	0.763 ± 0.001	0.656 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.652 ± 0.001	0.652 ± 0.001	0.474 ± 0.001	5	14950	42.9M	14.2m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.714	0.714 ± 0.072	0.810 ± 0.045	0.546 ± 0.145	0.735 ± 0.082	0.735 ± 0.082	0.026 ± 0.005	5	218569	103.4M	47.3m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.594	0.594 ± 0.267	0.740 ± 0.160	0.800 ± 0.555	0.518 ± 0.311	0.518 ± 0.311	0.012 ± 0.022	5	218569	234k	40.9m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	218569	—	6.9m
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	100119	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.725 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	14950	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	24771	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.724 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	16123	—	0s
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	24771	—	40s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	218569	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.719 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	16583	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.686 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	54855	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.724 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	14697	—	0s
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.686 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	54855	—	1.1m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	218569	744k	48.6m

fault_detection_line

fault_detection_line — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	false_alarm_rate	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	missed_fault_rate	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.002	0.001 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.002	0.010 ± 0.003	5	218569	509k	10.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.002	0.993 ± 0.003	0.001 ± 0.001	0.991 ± 0.003	0.991 ± 0.003	0.010 ± 0.004	5	218569	509k	10.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.003	0.991 ± 0.005	0.001 ± 0.002	0.989 ± 0.006	0.989 ± 0.006	0.013 ± 0.008	5	218569	509k	10.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.001	0.990 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.988 ± 0.002	0.988 ± 0.002	0.015 ± 0.003	5	218569	51k	2.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.007	0.988 ± 0.010	0.001 ± 0.000	0.987 ± 0.011	0.987 ± 0.011	0.017 ± 0.014	5	218569	509k	8.6m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.008	0.988 ± 0.012	0.001 ± 0.002	0.987 ± 0.014	0.987 ± 0.014	0.017 ± 0.019	5	24771	509k	8.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.004	0.989 ± 0.005	0.004 ± 0.004	0.987 ± 0.006	0.987 ± 0.006	0.014 ± 0.006	5	218569	55k	5.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.008	0.987 ± 0.011	0.002 ± 0.003	0.985 ± 0.012	0.985 ± 0.012	0.018 ± 0.015	5	218569	509k	9.5m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.003	0.989 ± 0.007	0.008 ± 0.010	0.987 ± 0.008	0.987 ± 0.008	0.012 ± 0.014	5	54855	509k	9.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.004	0.988 ± 0.007	0.006 ± 0.008	0.986 ± 0.008	0.986 ± 0.008	0.015 ± 0.012	5	54855	55k	4.4m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.004	0.985 ± 0.006	0.001 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.006	0.983 ± 0.006	0.022 ± 0.008	5	218569	55k	2.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.009	0.987 ± 0.015	0.008 ± 0.005	0.986 ± 0.017	0.986 ± 0.017	0.015 ± 0.024	5	54855	55k	2.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.004	0.981 ± 0.004	0.024 ± 0.005	5	24771	51k	2.0m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.003	0.984 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.005	0.981 ± 0.005	0.024 ± 0.006	5	218569	509k	8.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.004	0.981 ± 0.004	0.024 ± 0.005	5	54855	509k	6.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.005	0.989 ± 0.004	0.015 ± 0.011	0.988 ± 0.004	0.988 ± 0.004	0.009 ± 0.005	5	218569	55k	2.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.004	0.985 ± 0.007	0.005 ± 0.006	0.983 ± 0.008	0.983 ± 0.008	0.019 ± 0.013	5	54855	55k	2.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.003	0.981 ± 0.003	0.024 ± 0.004	5	54855	51k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.004	0.983 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.006	0.981 ± 0.006	0.025 ± 0.007	5	24771	509k	6.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.003	0.980 ± 0.003	0.025 ± 0.004	5	54855	509k	6.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.009	0.983 ± 0.012	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.014	0.980 ± 0.014	0.025 ± 0.018	5	218569	51k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	0.025 ± 0.002	5	24771	51k	1.7m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.003	0.980 ± 0.003	0.026 ± 0.003	5	54855	51k	2.2m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.000	0.982 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	0.026 ± 0.000	5	218569	3.1M	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.003	0.982 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.005	0.980 ± 0.005	0.026 ± 0.007	5	54855	509k	7.6m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	0.026 ± 0.002	5	24771	51k	2.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.003	0.980 ± 0.003	0.026 ± 0.004	5	54855	51k	1.3m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.000	0.982 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.026 ± 0.001	5	24771	3.1M	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.003	0.980 ± 0.003	0.026 ± 0.004	5	24771	55k	2.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.005	0.982 ± 0.007	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.007	0.980 ± 0.007	0.026 ± 0.010	5	24771	509k	7.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.003	0.982 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.005	0.980 ± 0.005	0.026 ± 0.007	5	54855	509k	8.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.004	0.001 ± 0.003	0.980 ± 0.004	0.980 ± 0.004	0.025 ± 0.006	5	24771	55k	3.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.026 ± 0.002	5	24771	51k	2.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.003	0.979 ± 0.003	0.026 ± 0.004	5	24771	51k	58s
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.000	0.982 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.027 ± 0.001	5	218569	51k	2.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.004	0.982 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.006	0.979 ± 0.006	0.027 ± 0.008	5	24771	509k	7.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.003	0.979 ± 0.003	0.027 ± 0.004	5	54855	51k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.004	0.981 ± 0.006	0.000 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.006	0.979 ± 0.006	0.027 ± 0.008	5	54855	509k	5.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.003	0.981 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.005	0.979 ± 0.005	0.027 ± 0.006	5	54855	509k	5.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.004	0.979 ± 0.004	0.027 ± 0.005	5	54855	51k	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.002	0.978 ± 0.002	0.028 ± 0.002	5	24771	51k	42s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.028 ± 0.002	5	24771	51k	46s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.003	0.978 ± 0.003	0.028 ± 0.004	5	24771	509k	6.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.008	0.981 ± 0.012	0.000 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.013	0.978 ± 0.013	0.028 ± 0.017	5	218569	51k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.003	0.978 ± 0.003	0.028 ± 0.004	5	54855	51k	1.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.002	0.978 ± 0.002	0.028 ± 0.003	5	24771	509k	3.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.008	0.980 ± 0.010	0.000 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.012	0.978 ± 0.012	0.029 ± 0.015	5	218569	51k	4.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.004	0.977 ± 0.004	0.029 ± 0.005	5	24771	509k	4.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.003	0.977 ± 0.003	0.029 ± 0.004	5	54855	51k	43s
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.029 ± 0.001	5	54855	3.1M	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.029 ± 0.001	5	54855	3.1M	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	0.030 ± 0.001	5	54855	3.1M	2.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.002	0.977 ± 0.002	0.030 ± 0.002	5	54855	3.1M	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.011	0.982 ± 0.017	0.007 ± 0.008	0.980 ± 0.020	0.980 ± 0.020	0.023 ± 0.029	5	54855	55k	1.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.012	0.980 ± 0.017	0.002 ± 0.003	0.977 ± 0.019	0.977 ± 0.019	0.028 ± 0.025	5	218569	509k	6.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.030 ± 0.001	5	54855	3.1M	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.030 ± 0.001	5	54855	3.1M	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.031 ± 0.001	5	54855	3.1M	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	0.032 ± 0.000	5	24771	3.1M	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.032 ± 0.002	5	24771	3.1M	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.033 ± 0.001	5	24771	3.1M	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.005	0.977 ± 0.007	0.000 ± 0.000	0.974 ± 0.008	0.974 ± 0.008	0.033 ± 0.011	5	24771	55k	2.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.009	0.978 ± 0.012	0.001 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.013	0.975 ± 0.013	0.032 ± 0.017	5	218569	51k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.018	0.978 ± 0.025	0.001 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.028	0.975 ± 0.028	0.032 ± 0.037	5	218569	55k	2.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.005	0.977 ± 0.007	0.000 ± 0.000	0.974 ± 0.008	0.974 ± 0.008	0.033 ± 0.011	5	24771	55k	2.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.974 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	0.034 ± 0.002	5	24771	3.1M	2.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.009	0.978 ± 0.012	0.005 ± 0.007	0.975 ± 0.013	0.975 ± 0.013	0.030 ± 0.018	5	218569	55k	2.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.006	0.976 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.000	0.973 ± 0.009	0.973 ± 0.009	0.035 ± 0.011	5	24771	55k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.007	0.976 ± 0.007	0.003 ± 0.007	0.973 ± 0.008	0.973 ± 0.008	0.034 ± 0.007	5	54855	55k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.005	0.976 ± 0.009	0.002 ± 0.006	0.972 ± 0.010	0.972 ± 0.010	0.035 ± 0.015	5	24771	55k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.971 ± 0.003	0.971 ± 0.003	0.037 ± 0.004	5	218569	51k	37s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.010	0.975 ± 0.014	0.000 ± 0.000	0.972 ± 0.016	0.972 ± 0.016	0.037 ± 0.021	5	100119	509k	7.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.971 ± 0.001	0.971 ± 0.001	0.037 ± 0.001	5	24771	3.1M	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.007	0.975 ± 0.010	0.000 ± 0.000	0.971 ± 0.011	0.971 ± 0.011	0.037 ± 0.014	5	100119	509k	7.9m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.000	0.974 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.971 ± 0.001	0.971 ± 0.001	0.038 ± 0.001	5	24771	3.1M	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.008	0.974 ± 0.011	0.000 ± 0.000	0.970 ± 0.012	0.970 ± 0.012	0.038 ± 0.016	5	100119	509k	10.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.008	0.974 ± 0.011	0.001 ± 0.002	0.971 ± 0.012	0.971 ± 0.012	0.037 ± 0.015	5	100119	51k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.006	0.013 ± 0.015	0.975 ± 0.006	0.975 ± 0.006	0.026 ± 0.015	5	100119	55k	2.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.019	0.978 ± 0.021	0.014 ± 0.015	0.975 ± 0.023	0.975 ± 0.023	0.025 ± 0.024	5	218569	55k	2.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.000	0.973 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.000	0.040 ± 0.000	5	218569	3.1M	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.040 ± 0.002	5	218569	3.1M	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.002	0.041 ± 0.002	5	218569	3.1M	1.4m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.003	0.981 ± 0.001	0.025 ± 0.006	0.978 ± 0.002	0.978 ± 0.002	0.016 ± 0.001	5	100119	—	23s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.968 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.041 ± 0.001	5	218569	3.1M	3.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.000	0.970 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	0.043 ± 0.001	5	218569	3.1M	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	0.043 ± 0.002	5	218569	3.1M	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.010	0.971 ± 0.013	0.002 ± 0.004	0.967 ± 0.014	0.967 ± 0.014	0.041 ± 0.018	5	100119	51k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.005	0.975 ± 0.012	0.013 ± 0.015	0.972 ± 0.013	0.972 ± 0.013	0.030 ± 0.023	5	100119	55k	2.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.005	0.973 ± 0.010	0.009 ± 0.015	0.970 ± 0.011	0.970 ± 0.011	0.035 ± 0.020	5	100119	55k	3.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.009	0.969 ± 0.013	0.000 ± 0.000	0.966 ± 0.014	0.966 ± 0.014	0.044 ± 0.018	5	100119	509k	7.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.977	0.977 ± 0.010	0.970 ± 0.012	0.003 ± 0.007	0.966 ± 0.013	0.966 ± 0.013	0.043 ± 0.015	5	54855	55k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.008	0.974 ± 0.014	0.018 ± 0.012	0.970 ± 0.016	0.970 ± 0.016	0.030 ± 0.026	5	100119	55k	2.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.974	0.974 ± 0.011	0.966 ± 0.014	0.002 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.016	0.961 ± 0.016	0.049 ± 0.020	5	100119	51k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.974	0.974 ± 0.020	0.966 ± 0.027	0.005 ± 0.006	0.962 ± 0.030	0.962 ± 0.030	0.047 ± 0.039	5	218569	55k	1.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.974	0.974 ± 0.017	0.965 ± 0.022	0.002 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.024	0.961 ± 0.024	0.050 ± 0.031	5	100119	509k	6.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.974	0.974 ± 0.011	0.965 ± 0.014	0.003 ± 0.004	0.960 ± 0.015	0.960 ± 0.015	0.050 ± 0.018	5	100119	51k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.973	0.973 ± 0.010	0.963 ± 0.013	0.000 ± 0.000	0.959 ± 0.015	0.959 ± 0.015	0.053 ± 0.020	5	100119	509k	4.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.971	0.971 ± 0.008	0.962 ± 0.011	0.002 ± 0.004	0.957 ± 0.012	0.957 ± 0.012	0.055 ± 0.017	5	100119	55k	2.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.971	0.971 ± 0.009	0.960 ± 0.012	0.001 ± 0.002	0.955 ± 0.013	0.955 ± 0.013	0.058 ± 0.017	5	100119	51k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.005	0.959 ± 0.005	0.002 ± 0.005	0.954 ± 0.006	0.954 ± 0.006	0.059 ± 0.006	5	100119	51k	48s
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.055	0.971 ± 0.033	0.042 ± 0.116	0.965 ± 0.041	0.965 ± 0.041	0.024 ± 0.006	5	54855	55k	2.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.954 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.949 ± 0.001	0.949 ± 0.001	0.067 ± 0.001	5	100119	3.1M	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.948 ± 0.001	0.948 ± 0.001	0.068 ± 0.001	5	100119	3.1M	4.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.017	0.953 ± 0.021	0.003 ± 0.008	0.948 ± 0.023	0.948 ± 0.023	0.067 ± 0.028	5	100119	55k	2.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.947 ± 0.002	0.947 ± 0.002	0.070 ± 0.003	5	100119	3.1M	1.3m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.005	0.953 ± 0.005	0.002 ± 0.006	0.947 ± 0.006	0.947 ± 0.006	0.068 ± 0.007	5	100119	55k	2.7m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.008	0.954 ± 0.005	0.006 ± 0.015	0.948 ± 0.006	0.948 ± 0.006	0.065 ± 0.004	5	100119	51k	2.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.946 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.001	0.070 ± 0.002	5	100119	3.1M	1.3m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.000	0.036 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.001	0.035 ± 0.001	5	218569	3.1M	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.000	0.950 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.945 ± 0.001	0.945 ± 0.001	0.073 ± 0.001	5	100119	3.1M	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.001	0.950 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.944 ± 0.001	0.944 ± 0.001	0.073 ± 0.001	5	100119	3.1M	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.000	0.950 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.944 ± 0.001	0.944 ± 0.001	0.073 ± 0.001	5	100119	3.1M	1.3m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.001	0.039 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.001	0.035 ± 0.001	5	218569	3.1M	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.010	0.950 ± 0.014	0.002 ± 0.004	0.944 ± 0.015	0.944 ± 0.015	0.073 ± 0.020	5	100119	509k	6.8m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.015	0.962 ± 0.005	0.060 ± 0.044	0.956 ± 0.007	0.956 ± 0.007	0.028 ± 0.014	5	218569	51k	—
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.089	0.963 ± 0.055	0.066 ± 0.183	0.955 ± 0.071	0.955 ± 0.071	0.023 ± 0.004	5	24771	55k	3.0m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.002	0.953 ± 0.002	0.046 ± 0.000	0.946 ± 0.002	0.946 ± 0.002	0.048 ± 0.003	5	54855	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.006	0.949 ± 0.008	0.046 ± 0.000	0.941 ± 0.009	0.941 ± 0.009	0.054 ± 0.012	5	54855	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.013	0.951 ± 0.009	0.057 ± 0.030	0.944 ± 0.010	0.944 ± 0.010	0.045 ± 0.012	5	54855	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.015	0.956 ± 0.005	0.075 ± 0.048	0.949 ± 0.006	0.949 ± 0.006	0.029 ± 0.020	5	218569	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.007	0.954 ± 0.016	0.075 ± 0.019	0.947 ± 0.017	0.947 ± 0.017	0.032 ± 0.032	5	218569	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.008	0.951 ± 0.013	0.068 ± 0.019	0.943 ± 0.014	0.943 ± 0.014	0.041 ± 0.025	5	54855	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.005	0.950 ± 0.005	0.069 ± 0.013	0.942 ± 0.006	0.942 ± 0.006	0.042 ± 0.010	5	218569	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.005	0.930 ± 0.004	0.019 ± 0.008	0.923 ± 0.005	0.923 ± 0.005	0.093 ± 0.006	5	100119	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.026	0.950 ± 0.011	0.073 ± 0.067	0.942 ± 0.015	0.942 ± 0.015	0.040 ± 0.016	5	54855	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.008	0.949 ± 0.007	0.074 ± 0.026	0.941 ± 0.008	0.941 ± 0.008	0.040 ± 0.017	5	54855	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.008	0.927 ± 0.011	0.014 ± 0.000	0.919 ± 0.012	0.919 ± 0.012	0.101 ± 0.017	5	100119	3.1M	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.001	0.938 ± 0.000	0.054 ± 0.002	0.926 ± 0.000	—	0.064 ± 0.000	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.939	0.939 ± 0.030	0.949 ± 0.016	0.089 ± 0.071	0.940 ± 0.020	0.940 ± 0.020	0.034 ± 0.015	5	218569	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.938	0.938 ± 0.038	0.952 ± 0.026	0.101 ± 0.069	0.944 ± 0.032	0.944 ± 0.032	0.023 ± 0.009	5	218569	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.938	0.938 ± 0.008	0.937 ± 0.009	0.062 ± 0.018	0.929 ± 0.010	0.929 ± 0.010	0.063 ± 0.016	5	100119	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.937	0.937 ± 0.006	0.954 ± 0.003	0.106 ± 0.013	0.945 ± 0.004	0.945 ± 0.004	0.019 ± 0.002	5	54855	3.1M	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.016	0.913 ± 0.023	0.011 ± 0.004	0.899 ± 0.025	0.899 ± 0.025	0.117 ± 0.033	5	9177	509k	7.4m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.017	0.950 ± 0.007	0.102 ± 0.044	0.941 ± 0.009	0.941 ± 0.009	0.027 ± 0.014	5	54855	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.935	0.935 ± 0.000	0.953 ± 0.000	0.114 ± 0.000	0.945 ± 0.000	0.945 ± 0.000	0.016 ± 0.001	5	54855	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.935	0.935 ± 0.006	0.952 ± 0.005	0.110 ± 0.011	0.943 ± 0.006	0.943 ± 0.006	0.020 ± 0.006	5	54855	55k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.935	0.935 ± 0.000	0.935 ± 0.000	0.065 ± 0.001	0.922 ± 0.000	0.922 ± 0.000	0.065 ± 0.000	5	16583	—	21s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.934	0.934 ± 0.019	0.944 ± 0.010	0.091 ± 0.053	0.934 ± 0.012	0.934 ± 0.012	0.040 ± 0.023	5	54855	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.933	0.933 ± 0.008	0.952 ± 0.005	0.120 ± 0.015	0.943 ± 0.006	0.943 ± 0.006	0.015 ± 0.002	5	54855	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.932	0.932 ± 0.004	0.944 ± 0.006	0.101 ± 0.000	0.934 ± 0.006	0.934 ± 0.006	0.036 ± 0.008	5	24771	509k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.931	0.931 ± 0.008	0.903 ± 0.012	0.006 ± 0.002	0.889 ± 0.013	0.889 ± 0.013	0.132 ± 0.017	5	9315	51k	1.5m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.930	0.930 ± 0.010	0.902 ± 0.015	0.007 ± 0.003	0.887 ± 0.016	0.887 ± 0.016	0.133 ± 0.021	5	9430	51k	1.1m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.930	0.930 ± 0.007	0.946 ± 0.009	0.113 ± 0.004	0.937 ± 0.010	0.937 ± 0.010	0.027 ± 0.012	5	54855	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.930	0.930 ± 0.001	0.941 ± 0.001	0.101 ± 0.000	0.932 ± 0.001	0.932 ± 0.001	0.039 ± 0.002	5	24771	3.1M	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.930	0.930 ± 0.017	0.903 ± 0.026	0.010 ± 0.003	0.889 ± 0.027	0.889 ± 0.027	0.131 ± 0.037	5	9177	51k	1.3m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.007	0.897 ± 0.011	0.004 ± 0.003	0.883 ± 0.012	0.883 ± 0.012	0.140 ± 0.016	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.008	0.944 ± 0.002	0.114 ± 0.027	0.934 ± 0.003	0.934 ± 0.003	0.030 ± 0.012	5	24771	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.003	0.939 ± 0.004	0.101 ± 0.000	0.929 ± 0.005	0.929 ± 0.005	0.043 ± 0.006	5	24771	3.1M	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.013	0.901 ± 0.020	0.012 ± 0.003	0.887 ± 0.021	0.887 ± 0.021	0.133 ± 0.029	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.927	0.927 ± 0.012	0.906 ± 0.024	0.024 ± 0.018	0.892 ± 0.024	0.892 ± 0.024	0.121 ± 0.040	5	16583	55k	2.9m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.925	0.925 ± 0.013	0.945 ± 0.006	0.127 ± 0.034	0.934 ± 0.008	0.934 ± 0.008	0.022 ± 0.009	5	24771	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.925	0.925 ± 0.071	0.941 ± 0.044	0.118 ± 0.143	0.930 ± 0.057	0.930 ± 0.057	0.032 ± 0.011	5	218569	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.925	0.925 ± 0.003	0.941 ± 0.006	0.120 ± 0.017	0.931 ± 0.006	0.931 ± 0.006	0.031 ± 0.016	5	24771	3.1M	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.924	0.924 ± 0.014	0.897 ± 0.022	0.015 ± 0.003	0.883 ± 0.022	0.883 ± 0.022	0.136 ± 0.031	5	9177	55k	2.6m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.924	0.924 ± 0.008	0.941 ± 0.005	0.124 ± 0.025	0.931 ± 0.006	0.931 ± 0.006	0.029 ± 0.013	5	24771	55k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.923	0.923 ± 0.018	0.899 ± 0.034	0.022 ± 0.020	0.885 ± 0.034	0.885 ± 0.034	0.132 ± 0.054	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.016	0.946 ± 0.009	0.141 ± 0.034	0.935 ± 0.012	0.935 ± 0.012	0.014 ± 0.002	5	54855	51k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.011	0.889 ± 0.016	0.005 ± 0.002	0.874 ± 0.017	0.874 ± 0.017	0.151 ± 0.023	5	9430	509k	3.7m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.031	0.948 ± 0.019	0.150 ± 0.065	0.937 ± 0.024	0.937 ± 0.024	0.007 ± 0.006	5	218569	51k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.013	0.891 ± 0.019	0.012 ± 0.002	0.876 ± 0.019	—	0.147 ± 0.026	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.069	0.945 ± 0.042	0.143 ± 0.144	0.932 ± 0.055	0.932 ± 0.055	0.015 ± 0.008	5	218569	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.920	0.920 ± 0.049	0.938 ± 0.028	0.127 ± 0.105	0.926 ± 0.037	0.926 ± 0.037	0.033 ± 0.009	5	54855	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.919	0.919 ± 0.004	0.943 ± 0.002	0.145 ± 0.010	0.932 ± 0.002	0.932 ± 0.002	0.016 ± 0.002	5	24771	3.1M	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.919	0.919 ± 0.012	0.886 ± 0.019	0.009 ± 0.004	0.872 ± 0.020	0.872 ± 0.020	0.154 ± 0.028	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.918	0.918 ± 0.017	0.932 ± 0.007	0.117 ± 0.048	0.920 ± 0.009	0.920 ± 0.009	0.046 ± 0.016	5	100119	55k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.918	0.918 ± 0.047	0.890 ± 0.073	0.018 ± 0.013	0.877 ± 0.073	0.877 ± 0.073	0.145 ± 0.105	5	14697	55k	2.3m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.918	0.918 ± 0.010	0.886 ± 0.015	0.011 ± 0.004	0.871 ± 0.015	0.871 ± 0.015	0.152 ± 0.020	5	9430	55k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.918	0.918 ± 0.053	0.887 ± 0.080	0.012 ± 0.010	0.874 ± 0.080	0.874 ± 0.080	0.151 ± 0.114	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.918	0.918 ± 0.017	0.920 ± 0.012	0.088 ± 0.062	0.909 ± 0.013	0.909 ± 0.013	0.076 ± 0.038	5	100119	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.918	0.918 ± 0.013	0.941 ± 0.004	0.144 ± 0.036	0.929 ± 0.006	0.929 ± 0.006	0.020 ± 0.011	5	24771	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.917	0.917 ± 0.001	0.943 ± 0.001	0.151 ± 0.000	0.932 ± 0.001	0.932 ± 0.001	0.014 ± 0.001	5	24771	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.917	0.917 ± 0.001	0.943 ± 0.001	0.151 ± 0.000	0.932 ± 0.001	0.932 ± 0.001	0.014 ± 0.001	5	24771	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.917	0.917 ± 0.000	0.943 ± 0.001	0.151 ± 0.000	0.931 ± 0.001	0.931 ± 0.001	0.014 ± 0.001	5	24771	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.917	0.917 ± 0.000	0.943 ± 0.000	0.151 ± 0.000	0.931 ± 0.000	0.931 ± 0.000	0.014 ± 0.000	5	24771	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.917	0.917 ± 0.004	0.941 ± 0.004	0.148 ± 0.008	0.930 ± 0.005	0.930 ± 0.005	0.017 ± 0.006	5	24771	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.916	0.916 ± 0.048	0.920 ± 0.024	0.094 ± 0.116	0.908 ± 0.032	0.908 ± 0.032	0.074 ± 0.025	5	100119	509k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.916	0.916 ± 0.010	0.881 ± 0.013	0.006 ± 0.002	0.867 ± 0.013	0.867 ± 0.013	0.163 ± 0.018	5	16583	509k	10.0m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.915	0.915 ± 0.013	0.882 ± 0.020	0.011 ± 0.003	0.867 ± 0.020	—	0.159 ± 0.028	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.915	0.915 ± 0.003	0.939 ± 0.005	0.151 ± 0.000	0.927 ± 0.005	0.927 ± 0.005	0.020 ± 0.007	5	24771	55k	—
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.914	0.914 ± 0.033	0.880 ± 0.052	0.009 ± 0.008	0.866 ± 0.052	—	0.162 ± 0.074	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.914	0.914 ± 0.024	0.936 ± 0.012	0.143 ± 0.057	0.923 ± 0.016	0.923 ± 0.016	0.028 ± 0.013	5	24771	509k	—
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.914	0.914 ± 0.026	0.881 ± 0.043	0.012 ± 0.011	0.866 ± 0.043	0.866 ± 0.043	0.160 ± 0.063	5	14697	509k	9.3m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.913	0.913 ± 0.016	0.881 ± 0.024	0.015 ± 0.002	0.866 ± 0.024	—	0.159 ± 0.033	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.913	0.913 ± 0.025	0.939 ± 0.014	0.157 ± 0.054	0.927 ± 0.018	0.927 ± 0.018	0.016 ± 0.006	5	54855	51k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.913	0.913 ± 0.007	0.877 ± 0.010	0.005 ± 0.002	0.864 ± 0.010	0.864 ± 0.010	0.168 ± 0.013	5	16583	509k	10.0m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.913	0.913 ± 0.014	0.882 ± 0.019	0.017 ± 0.003	0.867 ± 0.020	0.867 ± 0.020	0.158 ± 0.026	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.912	0.912 ± 0.012	0.877 ± 0.018	0.007 ± 0.004	0.863 ± 0.018	0.863 ± 0.018	0.168 ± 0.026	5	16583	55k	5.3m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.912	0.912 ± 0.056	0.937 ± 0.032	0.157 ± 0.120	0.924 ± 0.041	0.924 ± 0.041	0.019 ± 0.011	5	218569	51k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.911	0.911 ± 0.040	0.879 ± 0.063	0.015 ± 0.014	0.865 ± 0.064	0.865 ± 0.064	0.162 ± 0.092	5	14697	55k	4.4m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.911	0.911 ± 0.020	0.870 ± 0.029	0.000 ± 0.000	0.855 ± 0.029	0.855 ± 0.029	0.178 ± 0.039	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.910	0.910 ± 0.002	0.872 ± 0.003	0.005 ± 0.001	0.857 ± 0.003	0.857 ± 0.003	0.174 ± 0.004	5	9430	3.1M	46s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.910	0.910 ± 0.024	0.871 ± 0.036	0.003 ± 0.003	0.856 ± 0.036	0.856 ± 0.036	0.177 ± 0.050	5	9315	509k	4.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.910	0.910 ± 0.044	0.875 ± 0.068	0.012 ± 0.012	0.861 ± 0.069	—	0.168 ± 0.098	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.909	0.909 ± 0.003	0.930 ± 0.005	0.146 ± 0.008	0.917 ± 0.006	0.917 ± 0.006	0.035 ± 0.010	5	100119	509k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.909	0.909 ± 0.013	0.872 ± 0.018	0.007 ± 0.003	0.858 ± 0.019	0.858 ± 0.019	0.175 ± 0.025	5	16583	509k	10.0m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.909	0.909 ± 0.013	0.869 ± 0.020	0.003 ± 0.004	0.853 ± 0.020	—	0.179 ± 0.029	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.909	0.909 ± 0.014	0.869 ± 0.020	0.002 ± 0.001	0.855 ± 0.020	0.855 ± 0.020	0.181 ± 0.028	5	9913	51k	48s
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.909	0.909 ± 0.054	0.870 ± 0.077	0.004 ± 0.004	0.857 ± 0.079	—	0.179 ± 0.106	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.908	0.908 ± 0.003	0.927 ± 0.004	0.144 ± 0.009	0.915 ± 0.004	0.915 ± 0.004	0.040 ± 0.007	5	100119	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.908	0.908 ± 0.031	0.913 ± 0.020	0.107 ± 0.089	0.901 ± 0.024	0.901 ± 0.024	0.077 ± 0.044	5	100119	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.908	0.908 ± 0.062	0.932 ± 0.036	0.159 ± 0.130	0.918 ± 0.050	0.918 ± 0.050	0.025 ± 0.009	5	24771	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.907	0.907 ± 0.011	0.910 ± 0.017	0.100 ± 0.024	0.898 ± 0.017	0.898 ± 0.017	0.085 ± 0.032	5	100119	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.907	0.907 ± 0.009	0.866 ± 0.013	0.001 ± 0.001	0.852 ± 0.013	0.852 ± 0.013	0.184 ± 0.018	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.907	0.907 ± 0.030	0.872 ± 0.049	0.016 ± 0.012	0.858 ± 0.048	0.858 ± 0.048	0.170 ± 0.072	5	14697	55k	2.5m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.906	0.906 ± 0.017	0.866 ± 0.025	0.002 ± 0.002	0.852 ± 0.025	0.852 ± 0.025	0.185 ± 0.035	5	9913	509k	3.9m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.906	0.906 ± 0.002	0.928 ± 0.004	0.152 ± 0.013	0.915 ± 0.004	0.915 ± 0.004	0.036 ± 0.011	5	100119	51k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.906	0.906 ± 0.002	0.868 ± 0.003	0.008 ± 0.001	0.854 ± 0.003	0.854 ± 0.003	0.180 ± 0.004	5	16583	51k	2.4m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.906	0.906 ± 0.051	0.865 ± 0.074	0.003 ± 0.003	0.851 ± 0.075	0.851 ± 0.075	0.186 ± 0.101	5	16123	509k	8.6m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.905	0.905 ± 0.002	0.919 ± 0.001	0.132 ± 0.005	0.906 ± 0.001	0.906 ± 0.001	0.057 ± 0.003	5	100119	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.905	0.905 ± 0.018	0.866 ± 0.027	0.005 ± 0.002	0.852 ± 0.027	0.852 ± 0.027	0.185 ± 0.038	5	16583	509k	8.6m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.905	0.905 ± 0.029	0.935 ± 0.018	0.178 ± 0.060	0.921 ± 0.023	0.921 ± 0.023	0.013 ± 0.004	5	218569	509k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.905	0.905 ± 0.036	0.867 ± 0.056	0.012 ± 0.010	0.853 ± 0.055	0.853 ± 0.055	0.178 ± 0.081	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.905	0.905 ± 0.030	0.935 ± 0.018	0.178 ± 0.061	0.921 ± 0.024	0.921 ± 0.024	0.013 ± 0.002	5	218569	51k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.903	0.903 ± 0.021	0.865 ± 0.029	0.009 ± 0.005	0.851 ± 0.029	0.851 ± 0.029	0.184 ± 0.038	5	16583	509k	9.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.903	0.903 ± 0.007	0.861 ± 0.011	0.001 ± 0.002	0.846 ± 0.011	0.846 ± 0.011	0.192 ± 0.016	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.903	0.903 ± 0.003	0.863 ± 0.004	0.006 ± 0.001	0.848 ± 0.004	0.848 ± 0.004	0.187 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.903	0.903 ± 0.001	0.864 ± 0.001	0.009 ± 0.001	0.849 ± 0.001	0.849 ± 0.001	0.185 ± 0.002	5	9177	3.1M	1.1m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.903	0.903 ± 0.083	0.927 ± 0.052	0.161 ± 0.168	0.911 ± 0.071	0.911 ± 0.071	0.033 ± 0.009	5	24771	509k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.903	0.903 ± 0.063	0.867 ± 0.098	0.018 ± 0.016	0.854 ± 0.097	0.854 ± 0.097	0.177 ± 0.141	5	14697	55k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.902	0.902 ± 0.017	0.861 ± 0.025	0.006 ± 0.002	0.847 ± 0.025	—	0.190 ± 0.034	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.902	0.902 ± 0.017	0.859 ± 0.027	0.004 ± 0.004	0.843 ± 0.026	—	0.193 ± 0.038	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.901	0.901 ± 0.069	0.863 ± 0.104	0.013 ± 0.011	0.850 ± 0.103	0.850 ± 0.103	0.184 ± 0.148	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.901	0.901 ± 0.012	0.928 ± 0.006	0.171 ± 0.027	0.913 ± 0.008	0.913 ± 0.008	0.027 ± 0.004	5	100119	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.901	0.901 ± 0.076	0.929 ± 0.045	0.174 ± 0.160	0.913 ± 0.062	0.913 ± 0.062	0.024 ± 0.008	5	54855	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.901	0.901 ± 0.072	0.931 ± 0.044	0.181 ± 0.146	0.915 ± 0.059	0.915 ± 0.059	0.018 ± 0.011	5	218569	509k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.900	0.900 ± 0.011	0.857 ± 0.016	0.002 ± 0.001	0.842 ± 0.016	0.842 ± 0.016	0.197 ± 0.022	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.900	0.900 ± 0.024	0.868 ± 0.034	0.028 ± 0.033	0.853 ± 0.033	0.853 ± 0.033	0.173 ± 0.052	5	16583	55k	2.4m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.899	0.899 ± 0.042	0.912 ± 0.015	0.134 ± 0.115	0.897 ± 0.024	0.897 ± 0.024	0.067 ± 0.032	5	100119	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.899	0.899 ± 0.144	0.921 ± 0.089	0.161 ± 0.291	0.899 ± 0.129	0.899 ± 0.129	0.042 ± 0.011	5	54855	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.898	0.898 ± 0.026	0.931 ± 0.017	0.191 ± 0.051	0.915 ± 0.022	0.915 ± 0.022	0.014 ± 0.003	5	218569	51k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.897	0.897 ± 0.017	0.855 ± 0.025	0.006 ± 0.003	0.841 ± 0.025	0.841 ± 0.025	0.199 ± 0.036	5	16583	51k	1.7m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.897	0.897 ± 0.017	0.853 ± 0.025	0.003 ± 0.003	0.840 ± 0.025	0.840 ± 0.025	0.203 ± 0.036	5	16583	509k	8.4m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.897	0.897 ± 0.009	0.916 ± 0.013	0.154 ± 0.017	0.901 ± 0.014	0.901 ± 0.014	0.053 ± 0.022	5	100119	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.897	0.897 ± 0.071	0.918 ± 0.039	0.161 ± 0.173	0.901 ± 0.055	0.901 ± 0.055	0.046 ± 0.049	5	54855	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.897	0.897 ± 0.050	0.906 ± 0.033	0.129 ± 0.097	0.892 ± 0.040	0.892 ± 0.040	0.078 ± 0.015	5	54855	55k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.896	0.896 ± 0.002	0.851 ± 0.002	0.002 ± 0.001	0.836 ± 0.002	0.836 ± 0.002	0.206 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.896	0.896 ± 0.005	0.914 ± 0.012	0.153 ± 0.015	0.900 ± 0.012	0.900 ± 0.012	0.055 ± 0.024	5	100119	55k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.895	0.895 ± 0.001	0.853 ± 0.001	0.012 ± 0.000	0.838 ± 0.001	—	0.198 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.895	0.895 ± 0.010	0.851 ± 0.015	0.004 ± 0.002	0.837 ± 0.015	0.837 ± 0.015	0.206 ± 0.022	5	16583	51k	2.5m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.895	0.895 ± 0.102	0.929 ± 0.062	0.196 ± 0.209	0.909 ± 0.091	0.909 ± 0.091	0.014 ± 0.005	5	54855	509k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.895	0.895 ± 0.021	0.850 ± 0.028	0.005 ± 0.006	0.836 ± 0.028	—	0.206 ± 0.038	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.895	0.895 ± 0.017	0.849 ± 0.025	0.002 ± 0.002	0.834 ± 0.025	—	0.208 ± 0.035	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.895	0.895 ± 0.000	0.848 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.834 ± 0.001	0.834 ± 0.001	0.211 ± 0.001	5	9913	3.1M	50s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.894	0.894 ± 0.023	0.894 ± 0.016	0.105 ± 0.049	0.881 ± 0.019	0.881 ± 0.019	0.106 ± 0.019	5	100119	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.894	0.894 ± 0.046	0.917 ± 0.020	0.169 ± 0.117	0.901 ± 0.029	0.901 ± 0.029	0.043 ± 0.024	5	100119	51k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.894	0.894 ± 0.036	0.849 ± 0.052	0.005 ± 0.002	0.836 ± 0.051	0.836 ± 0.051	0.208 ± 0.074	5	16583	55k	2.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.893	0.893 ± 0.030	0.852 ± 0.039	0.012 ± 0.017	0.838 ± 0.040	0.838 ± 0.040	0.201 ± 0.052	5	16583	509k	6.1m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.893	0.893 ± 0.113	0.922 ± 0.069	0.185 ± 0.232	0.902 ± 0.099	0.902 ± 0.099	0.029 ± 0.011	5	54855	509k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.893	0.893 ± 0.018	0.849 ± 0.027	0.006 ± 0.003	0.835 ± 0.027	0.835 ± 0.027	0.208 ± 0.039	5	16583	51k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.893	0.893 ± 0.029	0.856 ± 0.052	0.025 ± 0.022	0.841 ± 0.050	0.841 ± 0.050	0.189 ± 0.080	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.893	0.893 ± 0.023	0.855 ± 0.037	0.023 ± 0.028	0.840 ± 0.035	0.840 ± 0.035	0.192 ± 0.056	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.892	0.892 ± 0.038	0.914 ± 0.025	0.168 ± 0.077	0.898 ± 0.031	0.898 ± 0.031	0.048 ± 0.016	5	24771	55k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.891	0.891 ± 0.013	0.843 ± 0.020	0.002 ± 0.002	0.828 ± 0.020	0.828 ± 0.020	0.215 ± 0.028	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.891	0.891 ± 0.023	0.923 ± 0.016	0.196 ± 0.045	0.907 ± 0.020	0.907 ± 0.020	0.022 ± 0.006	5	218569	55k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.890	0.890 ± 0.013	0.842 ± 0.018	0.001 ± 0.000	0.827 ± 0.018	0.827 ± 0.018	0.219 ± 0.025	5	14697	51k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.890	0.890 ± 0.015	0.842 ± 0.021	0.001 ± 0.001	0.827 ± 0.021	0.827 ± 0.021	0.218 ± 0.029	5	14697	509k	7.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.890	0.890 ± 0.014	0.844 ± 0.021	0.005 ± 0.002	0.830 ± 0.021	0.830 ± 0.021	0.214 ± 0.031	5	16583	51k	4.0m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.890	0.890 ± 0.051	0.919 ± 0.027	0.189 ± 0.123	0.902 ± 0.037	0.902 ± 0.037	0.031 ± 0.030	5	24771	55k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.890	0.890 ± 0.017	0.841 ± 0.025	0.002 ± 0.001	0.827 ± 0.024	0.827 ± 0.024	0.219 ± 0.034	5	14697	509k	6.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.890	0.890 ± 0.040	0.851 ± 0.065	0.024 ± 0.017	0.835 ± 0.064	0.835 ± 0.064	0.197 ± 0.097	5	14950	55k	2.7m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.889	0.889 ± 0.067	0.924 ± 0.040	0.203 ± 0.140	0.906 ± 0.056	0.906 ± 0.056	0.018 ± 0.006	5	24771	51k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.889	0.889 ± 0.000	0.839 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.823 ± 0.001	—	0.222 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.889	0.889 ± 0.001	0.838 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.823 ± 0.001	0.823 ± 0.001	0.222 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.889	0.889 ± 0.018	0.842 ± 0.026	0.005 ± 0.003	0.828 ± 0.026	0.828 ± 0.026	0.218 ± 0.038	5	16583	51k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.889	0.889 ± 0.016	0.840 ± 0.022	0.002 ± 0.001	0.825 ± 0.022	—	0.221 ± 0.031	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.888	0.888 ± 0.019	0.843 ± 0.028	0.009 ± 0.004	0.829 ± 0.028	0.829 ± 0.028	0.215 ± 0.040	5	16583	55k	2.5m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.888	0.888 ± 0.047	0.914 ± 0.022	0.183 ± 0.115	0.897 ± 0.032	0.897 ± 0.032	0.041 ± 0.025	5	100119	51k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.001	0.837 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.822 ± 0.002	0.822 ± 0.002	0.225 ± 0.002	5	9315	3.1M	50s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.047	0.851 ± 0.077	0.032 ± 0.021	0.836 ± 0.074	0.836 ± 0.074	0.194 ± 0.114	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.150	0.923 ± 0.091	0.210 ± 0.309	0.896 ± 0.143	0.896 ± 0.143	0.016 ± 0.012	5	218569	55k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.014	0.839 ± 0.022	0.005 ± 0.004	0.824 ± 0.021	0.824 ± 0.021	0.221 ± 0.031	5	9315	55k	1.5m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.017	0.837 ± 0.025	0.000 ± 0.000	0.823 ± 0.024	—	0.226 ± 0.034	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.009	0.837 ± 0.014	0.001 ± 0.001	0.823 ± 0.014	—	0.225 ± 0.020	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.054	0.850 ± 0.086	0.031 ± 0.017	0.835 ± 0.082	0.835 ± 0.082	0.195 ± 0.125	5	14950	55k	2.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.013	0.837 ± 0.019	0.001 ± 0.002	0.822 ± 0.019	0.822 ± 0.019	0.225 ± 0.026	5	14697	51k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.013	0.837 ± 0.019	0.001 ± 0.000	0.823 ± 0.019	0.823 ± 0.019	0.226 ± 0.027	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.031	0.840 ± 0.044	0.006 ± 0.002	0.826 ± 0.043	0.826 ± 0.043	0.221 ± 0.061	5	16583	55k	2.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.886	0.886 ± 0.001	0.848 ± 0.001	0.028 ± 0.001	0.832 ± 0.001	—	0.199 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.886	0.886 ± 0.043	0.923 ± 0.027	0.213 ± 0.088	0.905 ± 0.036	0.905 ± 0.036	0.014 ± 0.002	5	218569	509k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.886	0.886 ± 0.027	0.838 ± 0.036	0.007 ± 0.011	0.824 ± 0.036	—	0.221 ± 0.048	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.004	0.837 ± 0.007	0.004 ± 0.001	0.823 ± 0.006	0.823 ± 0.006	0.226 ± 0.010	5	16583	51k	37s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.035	0.901 ± 0.026	0.157 ± 0.104	0.885 ± 0.028	0.885 ± 0.028	0.073 ± 0.059	5	100119	55k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.015	0.837 ± 0.019	0.006 ± 0.011	0.822 ± 0.019	0.822 ± 0.019	0.223 ± 0.026	5	14697	509k	6.6m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.036	0.913 ± 0.020	0.190 ± 0.084	0.896 ± 0.027	0.896 ± 0.027	0.040 ± 0.022	5	100119	509k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.017	0.834 ± 0.025	0.002 ± 0.002	0.820 ± 0.024	0.820 ± 0.024	0.228 ± 0.035	5	14697	509k	8.0m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.001	0.845 ± 0.000	0.027 ± 0.001	0.828 ± 0.000	0.828 ± 0.000	0.205 ± 0.001	5	16123	—	21s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.016	0.832 ± 0.023	0.001 ± 0.001	0.818 ± 0.023	0.818 ± 0.023	0.231 ± 0.032	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.011	0.832 ± 0.016	0.000 ± 0.000	0.818 ± 0.015	0.818 ± 0.015	0.232 ± 0.022	5	16123	51k	2.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.012	0.833 ± 0.018	0.003 ± 0.003	0.819 ± 0.017	0.819 ± 0.017	0.229 ± 0.024	5	14697	509k	5.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.014	0.831 ± 0.020	0.000 ± 0.000	0.817 ± 0.020	0.817 ± 0.020	0.233 ± 0.028	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.012	0.833 ± 0.016	0.003 ± 0.006	0.819 ± 0.016	0.819 ± 0.016	0.230 ± 0.022	5	14697	509k	5.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.883	0.883 ± 0.019	0.833 ± 0.027	0.003 ± 0.004	0.819 ± 0.026	0.819 ± 0.026	0.231 ± 0.036	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.883	0.883 ± 0.008	0.831 ± 0.011	0.000 ± 0.001	0.817 ± 0.011	0.817 ± 0.011	0.234 ± 0.016	5	14697	51k	1.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.883	0.883 ± 0.031	0.832 ± 0.046	0.004 ± 0.003	0.818 ± 0.044	—	0.231 ± 0.064	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.883	0.883 ± 0.009	0.831 ± 0.013	0.002 ± 0.002	0.817 ± 0.012	0.817 ± 0.012	0.233 ± 0.017	5	14697	51k	1.1m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.883	0.883 ± 0.001	0.845 ± 0.001	0.035 ± 0.002	0.828 ± 0.001	—	0.200 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.005	0.831 ± 0.005	0.002 ± 0.003	0.817 ± 0.005	0.817 ± 0.005	0.234 ± 0.007	5	9913	55k	1.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.046	0.839 ± 0.075	0.022 ± 0.020	0.825 ± 0.072	0.825 ± 0.072	0.214 ± 0.111	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.099	0.921 ± 0.061	0.224 ± 0.202	0.899 ± 0.090	0.899 ± 0.090	0.012 ± 0.007	5	24771	51k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.019	0.829 ± 0.027	0.001 ± 0.001	0.814 ± 0.026	—	0.236 ± 0.037	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.013	0.829 ± 0.019	0.002 ± 0.001	0.815 ± 0.018	—	0.236 ± 0.026	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.004	0.828 ± 0.006	0.000 ± 0.000	0.814 ± 0.006	0.814 ± 0.006	0.238 ± 0.009	5	14697	51k	43s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.010	0.828 ± 0.015	0.002 ± 0.002	0.814 ± 0.014	0.814 ± 0.014	0.236 ± 0.021	5	14697	51k	1.4m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.025	0.828 ± 0.036	0.003 ± 0.002	0.815 ± 0.035	—	0.236 ± 0.050	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.014	0.827 ± 0.020	0.001 ± 0.002	0.812 ± 0.019	—	0.239 ± 0.027	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.017	0.828 ± 0.023	0.004 ± 0.005	0.814 ± 0.023	—	0.236 ± 0.031	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.012	0.826 ± 0.018	0.000 ± 0.001	0.812 ± 0.017	0.812 ± 0.017	0.241 ± 0.025	5	16123	51k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.013	0.826 ± 0.019	0.001 ± 0.001	0.812 ± 0.018	—	0.240 ± 0.026	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.019	0.826 ± 0.028	0.001 ± 0.001	0.812 ± 0.027	0.812 ± 0.027	0.240 ± 0.039	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.055	0.834 ± 0.088	0.021 ± 0.018	0.820 ± 0.085	0.820 ± 0.085	0.221 ± 0.128	5	14950	55k	2.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.005	0.825 ± 0.007	0.000 ± 0.001	0.811 ± 0.006	0.811 ± 0.006	0.242 ± 0.009	5	16123	51k	42s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.016	0.825 ± 0.023	0.000 ± 0.001	0.811 ± 0.022	0.811 ± 0.022	0.242 ± 0.032	5	16123	509k	7.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.014	0.826 ± 0.019	0.004 ± 0.010	0.812 ± 0.019	—	0.238 ± 0.026	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.009	0.824 ± 0.013	0.000 ± 0.000	0.810 ± 0.013	0.810 ± 0.013	0.242 ± 0.018	5	16123	51k	58s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.019	0.828 ± 0.027	0.008 ± 0.003	0.814 ± 0.027	—	0.235 ± 0.038	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.005	0.824 ± 0.006	0.003 ± 0.005	0.809 ± 0.006	—	0.240 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.018	0.824 ± 0.026	0.001 ± 0.001	0.810 ± 0.025	—	0.242 ± 0.037	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.001	0.842 ± 0.001	0.043 ± 0.001	0.825 ± 0.001	0.825 ± 0.001	0.201 ± 0.002	5	14697	—	21s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.018	0.824 ± 0.027	0.001 ± 0.001	0.810 ± 0.026	0.810 ± 0.026	0.243 ± 0.038	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.014	0.824 ± 0.020	0.000 ± 0.000	0.810 ± 0.019	0.810 ± 0.019	0.244 ± 0.028	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.004	0.823 ± 0.006	0.000 ± 0.000	0.809 ± 0.006	0.809 ± 0.006	0.245 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.015	0.823 ± 0.022	0.001 ± 0.001	0.809 ± 0.021	0.809 ± 0.021	0.245 ± 0.030	5	16123	509k	6.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.007	0.822 ± 0.011	0.000 ± 0.000	0.808 ± 0.010	0.808 ± 0.010	0.246 ± 0.015	5	16123	51k	2.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.019	0.822 ± 0.028	0.001 ± 0.003	0.808 ± 0.027	0.808 ± 0.027	0.246 ± 0.040	5	16123	55k	3.9m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.011	0.821 ± 0.017	0.000 ± 0.000	0.807 ± 0.016	0.807 ± 0.016	0.247 ± 0.023	5	16123	51k	2.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.003	0.822 ± 0.004	0.002 ± 0.002	0.808 ± 0.004	0.808 ± 0.004	0.245 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.015	0.822 ± 0.020	0.003 ± 0.004	0.807 ± 0.020	0.807 ± 0.020	0.245 ± 0.027	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.003	0.821 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.807 ± 0.004	0.807 ± 0.004	0.248 ± 0.006	5	16123	51k	46s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.009	0.820 ± 0.013	0.000 ± 0.000	0.806 ± 0.013	—	0.248 ± 0.018	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.008	0.821 ± 0.013	0.000 ± 0.001	0.807 ± 0.012	—	0.248 ± 0.018	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.010	0.820 ± 0.014	0.001 ± 0.001	0.806 ± 0.014	0.806 ± 0.014	0.248 ± 0.020	5	14697	51k	2.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.020	0.820 ± 0.029	0.001 ± 0.001	0.807 ± 0.028	—	0.249 ± 0.040	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.016	0.820 ± 0.023	0.001 ± 0.001	0.807 ± 0.023	—	0.249 ± 0.032	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.002	0.820 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.807 ± 0.003	0.807 ± 0.003	0.250 ± 0.004	5	16583	3.1M	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.011	0.819 ± 0.015	0.001 ± 0.001	0.805 ± 0.015	0.805 ± 0.015	0.249 ± 0.021	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.015	0.820 ± 0.020	0.003 ± 0.007	0.805 ± 0.020	0.805 ± 0.020	0.248 ± 0.027	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.003	0.820 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.807 ± 0.004	0.807 ± 0.004	0.250 ± 0.005	5	16583	3.1M	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.004	0.819 ± 0.006	0.000 ± 0.000	0.805 ± 0.006	—	0.251 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.004	0.818 ± 0.006	0.000 ± 0.001	0.804 ± 0.005	0.804 ± 0.005	0.251 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.003	0.820 ± 0.004	0.001 ± 0.000	0.807 ± 0.004	0.807 ± 0.004	0.251 ± 0.006	5	16583	3.1M	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.014	0.818 ± 0.021	0.001 ± 0.001	0.804 ± 0.020	0.804 ± 0.020	0.251 ± 0.029	5	16123	509k	7.3m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.012	0.818 ± 0.018	0.000 ± 0.000	0.805 ± 0.017	—	0.252 ± 0.025	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.013	0.817 ± 0.020	0.000 ± 0.001	0.803 ± 0.019	0.803 ± 0.019	0.252 ± 0.027	5	16123	509k	6.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.002	0.818 ± 0.003	0.001 ± 0.000	0.805 ± 0.003	0.805 ± 0.003	0.253 ± 0.004	5	16583	3.1M	3.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.012	0.817 ± 0.017	0.002 ± 0.002	0.803 ± 0.016	—	0.252 ± 0.023	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.006	0.816 ± 0.009	0.000 ± 0.000	0.802 ± 0.008	0.802 ± 0.008	0.254 ± 0.012	5	16123	509k	3.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.014	0.817 ± 0.021	0.001 ± 0.001	0.803 ± 0.020	—	0.254 ± 0.029	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.037	0.823 ± 0.063	0.021 ± 0.022	0.808 ± 0.060	—	0.237 ± 0.094	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.037	0.823 ± 0.048	0.019 ± 0.022	0.809 ± 0.047	0.809 ± 0.047	0.239 ± 0.062	5	16583	55k	1.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.005	0.814 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.000	0.801 ± 0.007	—	0.257 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.024	0.815 ± 0.035	0.004 ± 0.003	0.801 ± 0.034	0.801 ± 0.034	0.254 ± 0.049	5	14697	55k	2.2m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.006	0.813 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.000	0.800 ± 0.008	—	0.259 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.014	0.812 ± 0.021	0.000 ± 0.000	0.798 ± 0.020	0.798 ± 0.020	0.260 ± 0.028	5	16123	509k	4.8m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.004	0.812 ± 0.006	0.000 ± 0.000	0.798 ± 0.006	0.798 ± 0.006	0.260 ± 0.008	5	16123	55k	3.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.001	0.813 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.000	0.801 ± 0.001	0.801 ± 0.001	0.259 ± 0.001	5	16583	3.1M	1.4m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.117	0.909 ± 0.070	0.236 ± 0.244	0.883 ± 0.109	0.883 ± 0.109	0.024 ± 0.015	5	100119	51k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.014	0.813 ± 0.016	0.005 ± 0.010	0.799 ± 0.016	0.799 ± 0.016	0.256 ± 0.020	5	16123	55k	2.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.014	0.812 ± 0.021	0.000 ± 0.000	0.798 ± 0.020	0.798 ± 0.020	0.261 ± 0.029	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.001	0.812 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.800 ± 0.002	0.800 ± 0.002	0.261 ± 0.003	5	16583	3.1M	1.4m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.009	0.810 ± 0.013	0.001 ± 0.000	0.796 ± 0.012	—	0.262 ± 0.017	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.001	0.810 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.797 ± 0.002	—	0.263 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.002	0.810 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.797 ± 0.003	0.797 ± 0.003	0.263 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.014	0.812 ± 0.017	0.004 ± 0.010	0.798 ± 0.016	0.798 ± 0.016	0.259 ± 0.021	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.004	0.917 ± 0.002	0.263 ± 0.008	0.896 ± 0.003	0.896 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	5	218569	—	21s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.002	0.809 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.796 ± 0.003	0.796 ± 0.003	0.265 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.002	0.808 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.794 ± 0.002	—	0.266 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.001	0.808 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.795 ± 0.002	0.795 ± 0.002	0.267 ± 0.002	5	16583	3.1M	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.026	0.806 ± 0.037	0.003 ± 0.001	0.792 ± 0.035	0.792 ± 0.035	0.267 ± 0.051	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.049	0.813 ± 0.078	0.020 ± 0.017	0.799 ± 0.075	0.799 ± 0.075	0.250 ± 0.113	5	14950	55k	3.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.001	0.804 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.791 ± 0.001	0.791 ± 0.001	0.271 ± 0.002	5	14697	3.1M	1.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.016	0.805 ± 0.024	0.002 ± 0.002	0.791 ± 0.023	0.791 ± 0.023	0.269 ± 0.034	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.024	0.806 ± 0.034	0.005 ± 0.002	0.792 ± 0.033	—	0.266 ± 0.047	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.028	0.804 ± 0.041	0.003 ± 0.002	0.791 ± 0.039	—	0.269 ± 0.057	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.001	0.803 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.790 ± 0.001	0.790 ± 0.001	0.272 ± 0.002	5	14697	3.1M	1.2m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.000	0.803 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.790 ± 0.001	—	0.272 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.001	0.803 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.790 ± 0.001	0.790 ± 0.001	0.272 ± 0.001	5	14697	3.1M	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.001	0.803 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.789 ± 0.002	0.789 ± 0.002	0.273 ± 0.003	5	14697	3.1M	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.001	0.803 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.790 ± 0.001	—	0.273 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.002	0.802 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.789 ± 0.002	0.789 ± 0.002	0.274 ± 0.003	5	14697	3.1M	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.001	0.802 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.788 ± 0.002	0.788 ± 0.002	0.274 ± 0.003	5	14697	3.1M	2.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.033	0.810 ± 0.042	0.017 ± 0.022	0.795 ± 0.041	0.795 ± 0.041	0.257 ± 0.053	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.001	0.802 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.789 ± 0.002	0.789 ± 0.002	0.274 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.020	0.801 ± 0.029	0.003 ± 0.001	0.788 ± 0.027	—	0.273 ± 0.039	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.019	0.802 ± 0.021	0.007 ± 0.016	0.789 ± 0.021	0.789 ± 0.021	0.270 ± 0.026	5	14697	55k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.030	0.801 ± 0.048	0.003 ± 0.009	0.788 ± 0.046	0.788 ± 0.046	0.275 ± 0.070	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.014	0.799 ± 0.019	0.002 ± 0.007	0.786 ± 0.019	0.786 ± 0.019	0.276 ± 0.025	5	16123	55k	2.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.029	0.799 ± 0.048	0.004 ± 0.012	0.786 ± 0.046	0.786 ± 0.046	0.276 ± 0.071	5	16123	55k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.020	0.797 ± 0.029	0.000 ± 0.000	0.784 ± 0.028	0.784 ± 0.028	0.281 ± 0.040	5	16123	55k	2.1m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.042	0.904 ± 0.027	0.265 ± 0.084	0.881 ± 0.037	0.881 ± 0.037	0.018 ± 0.003	5	218569	55k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.011	0.796 ± 0.015	0.001 ± 0.004	0.784 ± 0.015	0.784 ± 0.015	0.282 ± 0.021	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.019	0.795 ± 0.028	0.000 ± 0.000	0.782 ± 0.027	—	0.284 ± 0.039	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.001	0.794 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.781 ± 0.002	0.781 ± 0.002	0.285 ± 0.003	5	16123	3.1M	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.002	0.794 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.782 ± 0.003	0.782 ± 0.003	0.285 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.001	0.793 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.780 ± 0.002	0.780 ± 0.002	0.286 ± 0.003	5	16123	3.1M	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.001	0.793 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.780 ± 0.002	0.780 ± 0.002	0.286 ± 0.003	5	16123	3.1M	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.001	0.793 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.780 ± 0.001	0.780 ± 0.001	0.286 ± 0.001	5	16123	3.1M	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.002	0.793 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.781 ± 0.002	0.781 ± 0.002	0.287 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.014	0.793 ± 0.020	0.000 ± 0.000	0.780 ± 0.019	0.780 ± 0.019	0.286 ± 0.028	5	16123	55k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.001	0.793 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.780 ± 0.001	—	0.287 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.001	0.792 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.779 ± 0.001	0.779 ± 0.001	0.287 ± 0.001	5	16123	3.1M	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.001	0.792 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.779 ± 0.001	0.779 ± 0.001	0.288 ± 0.002	5	16123	3.1M	2.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.014	0.792 ± 0.020	0.000 ± 0.000	0.780 ± 0.019	—	0.288 ± 0.027	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.001	0.791 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.778 ± 0.001	0.778 ± 0.001	0.288 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.001	0.792 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.779 ± 0.002	—	0.288 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.026	0.794 ± 0.035	0.007 ± 0.011	0.781 ± 0.033	—	0.282 ± 0.046	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.016	0.793 ± 0.019	0.006 ± 0.012	0.780 ± 0.019	0.780 ± 0.019	0.283 ± 0.024	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.002	0.791 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.778 ± 0.002	—	0.290 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.001	0.790 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.778 ± 0.001	0.778 ± 0.001	0.290 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.027	0.791 ± 0.040	0.003 ± 0.002	0.778 ± 0.038	0.778 ± 0.038	0.288 ± 0.056	5	14950	509k	10.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.027	0.790 ± 0.039	0.002 ± 0.001	0.777 ± 0.037	0.777 ± 0.037	0.289 ± 0.053	5	14950	509k	7.8m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.001	0.789 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.776 ± 0.001	0.776 ± 0.001	0.291 ± 0.002	5	16123	3.1M	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.001	0.789 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.776 ± 0.001	—	0.292 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.001	0.788 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.776 ± 0.001	—	0.292 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.001	0.788 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.775 ± 0.002	—	0.292 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.001	0.788 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.775 ± 0.002	0.775 ± 0.002	0.292 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.001	0.788 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.775 ± 0.001	0.775 ± 0.001	0.293 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.853	0.853 ± 0.003	0.804 ± 0.003	0.036 ± 0.005	0.788 ± 0.003	—	0.257 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.853	0.853 ± 0.026	0.788 ± 0.037	0.002 ± 0.004	0.776 ± 0.035	0.776 ± 0.035	0.292 ± 0.050	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.024	0.789 ± 0.031	0.008 ± 0.012	0.777 ± 0.030	0.777 ± 0.030	0.288 ± 0.040	5	14697	55k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.019	0.787 ± 0.028	0.003 ± 0.001	0.774 ± 0.027	0.774 ± 0.027	0.293 ± 0.039	5	14950	509k	7.9m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.001	0.786 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.774 ± 0.001	—	0.297 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.032	0.787 ± 0.045	0.004 ± 0.006	0.774 ± 0.043	—	0.293 ± 0.060	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.851	0.851 ± 0.019	0.785 ± 0.027	0.004 ± 0.003	0.773 ± 0.025	0.773 ± 0.025	0.294 ± 0.036	5	14950	51k	1.8m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.002	0.781 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.769 ± 0.003	0.769 ± 0.003	0.302 ± 0.005	5	14697	3.1M	1.3m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.003	0.792 ± 0.003	0.033 ± 0.005	0.776 ± 0.003	0.776 ± 0.003	0.274 ± 0.002	5	6992	51k	4.3m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.001	0.777 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.765 ± 0.002	—	0.307 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.846	0.846 ± 0.024	0.781 ± 0.031	0.008 ± 0.011	0.768 ± 0.030	—	0.299 ± 0.040	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.846	0.846 ± 0.018	0.790 ± 0.028	0.029 ± 0.005	0.775 ± 0.026	—	0.279 ± 0.040	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.845	0.845 ± 0.001	0.814 ± 0.002	0.084 ± 0.003	0.794 ± 0.002	—	0.225 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.845	0.845 ± 0.024	0.778 ± 0.033	0.006 ± 0.008	0.766 ± 0.031	0.766 ± 0.031	0.303 ± 0.044	5	14950	51k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.845	0.845 ± 0.025	0.778 ± 0.036	0.004 ± 0.004	0.766 ± 0.034	0.766 ± 0.034	0.305 ± 0.049	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.844	0.844 ± 0.024	0.775 ± 0.035	0.001 ± 0.001	0.763 ± 0.033	—	0.310 ± 0.049	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.844	0.844 ± 0.025	0.778 ± 0.033	0.009 ± 0.011	0.765 ± 0.031	0.765 ± 0.031	0.304 ± 0.043	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.842	0.842 ± 0.026	0.773 ± 0.037	0.004 ± 0.003	0.761 ± 0.034	0.761 ± 0.034	0.312 ± 0.050	5	14950	509k	7.0m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.842	0.842 ± 0.009	0.780 ± 0.016	0.022 ± 0.009	0.766 ± 0.015	0.766 ± 0.015	0.295 ± 0.026	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.011	0.773 ± 0.019	0.012 ± 0.007	0.759 ± 0.017	0.759 ± 0.017	0.307 ± 0.028	5	6831	51k	53s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.028	0.770 ± 0.040	0.005 ± 0.004	0.758 ± 0.038	0.758 ± 0.038	0.315 ± 0.055	5	14950	509k	6.3m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.839	0.839 ± 0.016	0.776 ± 0.024	0.025 ± 0.007	0.762 ± 0.022	0.762 ± 0.022	0.298 ± 0.033	5	6992	509k	3.9m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.838	0.838 ± 0.002	0.800 ± 0.001	0.077 ± 0.003	0.781 ± 0.001	0.781 ± 0.001	0.246 ± 0.002	5	14950	—	23s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.837	0.837 ± 0.007	0.771 ± 0.010	0.018 ± 0.004	0.758 ± 0.010	0.758 ± 0.010	0.308 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.836	0.836 ± 0.022	0.764 ± 0.031	0.003 ± 0.004	0.753 ± 0.029	—	0.325 ± 0.042	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.836	0.836 ± 0.026	0.767 ± 0.032	0.011 ± 0.017	0.755 ± 0.030	0.755 ± 0.030	0.317 ± 0.038	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.836	0.836 ± 0.007	0.766 ± 0.010	0.013 ± 0.004	0.753 ± 0.009	0.753 ± 0.009	0.316 ± 0.013	5	6831	509k	3.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.835	0.835 ± 0.006	0.763 ± 0.005	0.004 ± 0.009	0.752 ± 0.005	0.752 ± 0.005	0.326 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.834	0.834 ± 0.025	0.762 ± 0.034	0.006 ± 0.005	0.750 ± 0.033	0.750 ± 0.033	0.326 ± 0.046	5	14950	51k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.833	0.833 ± 0.024	0.762 ± 0.031	0.011 ± 0.012	0.750 ± 0.029	0.750 ± 0.029	0.324 ± 0.040	5	14950	51k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.832	0.832 ± 0.026	0.758 ± 0.038	0.003 ± 0.003	0.747 ± 0.036	0.747 ± 0.036	0.333 ± 0.052	5	14950	509k	4.1m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.831	0.831 ± 0.001	0.792 ± 0.001	0.081 ± 0.002	0.775 ± 0.001	0.775 ± 0.001	0.258 ± 0.002	5	16583	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.830	0.830 ± 0.009	0.812 ± 0.021	0.129 ± 0.074	0.790 ± 0.014	0.790 ± 0.014	0.210 ± 0.057	5	16583	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.002	0.791 ± 0.003	0.083 ± 0.002	0.773 ± 0.003	0.773 ± 0.003	0.259 ± 0.004	5	16583	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.826	0.826 ± 0.027	0.754 ± 0.032	0.014 ± 0.021	0.743 ± 0.030	0.743 ± 0.030	0.334 ± 0.038	5	14950	55k	2.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.826	0.826 ± 0.020	0.750 ± 0.028	0.004 ± 0.005	0.739 ± 0.026	0.739 ± 0.026	0.344 ± 0.038	5	14950	51k	1.6m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.823	0.823 ± 0.038	0.750 ± 0.039	0.014 ± 0.037	0.739 ± 0.038	—	0.340 ± 0.040	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.823	0.823 ± 0.008	0.746 ± 0.006	0.007 ± 0.016	0.735 ± 0.006	0.735 ± 0.006	0.348 ± 0.005	5	14950	51k	48s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.822	0.822 ± 0.037	0.748 ± 0.047	0.011 ± 0.015	0.737 ± 0.044	—	0.344 ± 0.060	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.820	0.820 ± 0.002	0.739 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.730 ± 0.003	0.730 ± 0.003	0.360 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.819	0.819 ± 0.002	0.739 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.729 ± 0.002	—	0.361 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.819	0.819 ± 0.004	0.738 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.729 ± 0.005	0.729 ± 0.005	0.361 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.818	0.818 ± 0.002	0.736 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.727 ± 0.003	—	0.364 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.818	0.818 ± 0.034	0.754 ± 0.052	0.040 ± 0.013	0.741 ± 0.048	—	0.324 ± 0.074	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.817	0.817 ± 0.001	0.739 ± 0.002	0.014 ± 0.002	0.727 ± 0.002	0.727 ± 0.002	0.353 ± 0.004	5	6831	3.1M	36s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.814	0.814 ± 0.002	0.730 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.721 ± 0.002	0.721 ± 0.002	0.372 ± 0.004	5	14950	3.1M	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.814	0.814 ± 0.003	0.730 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.721 ± 0.004	0.721 ± 0.004	0.373 ± 0.007	5	14950	3.1M	1.3m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.813	0.813 ± 0.032	0.741 ± 0.044	0.030 ± 0.009	0.729 ± 0.041	0.729 ± 0.041	0.344 ± 0.059	5	6831	55k	52s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.813	0.813 ± 0.002	0.728 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.719 ± 0.002	0.719 ± 0.002	0.374 ± 0.004	5	14950	3.1M	1.3m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.813	0.813 ± 0.012	0.793 ± 0.018	0.143 ± 0.069	0.771 ± 0.012	0.771 ± 0.012	0.231 ± 0.050	5	16583	509k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.813	0.813 ± 0.033	0.734 ± 0.041	0.013 ± 0.016	0.724 ± 0.039	0.724 ± 0.039	0.362 ± 0.051	5	14950	55k	2.4m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.812	0.812 ± 0.027	0.816 ± 0.012	0.198 ± 0.098	0.787 ± 0.011	0.787 ± 0.011	0.178 ± 0.049	5	16583	51k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.812	0.812 ± 0.002	0.727 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.718 ± 0.002	0.718 ± 0.002	0.376 ± 0.003	5	14950	3.1M	4.1m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.812	0.812 ± 0.034	0.741 ± 0.052	0.034 ± 0.011	0.729 ± 0.048	0.729 ± 0.048	0.343 ± 0.074	5	6992	55k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.812	0.812 ± 0.002	0.727 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.718 ± 0.002	—	0.377 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.811	0.811 ± 0.001	0.727 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.718 ± 0.002	0.718 ± 0.002	0.377 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.811	0.811 ± 0.016	0.838 ± 0.005	0.251 ± 0.046	0.804 ± 0.008	0.804 ± 0.008	0.127 ± 0.016	5	16583	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.810	0.810 ± 0.010	0.801 ± 0.035	0.170 ± 0.101	0.776 ± 0.025	0.776 ± 0.025	0.210 ± 0.088	5	16583	509k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.810	0.810 ± 0.002	0.730 ± 0.003	0.015 ± 0.002	0.720 ± 0.002	0.720 ± 0.002	0.365 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.809	0.809 ± 0.039	0.799 ± 0.016	0.167 ± 0.112	0.773 ± 0.023	0.773 ± 0.023	0.214 ± 0.042	5	16583	509k	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.809	0.809 ± 0.044	0.725 ± 0.061	0.004 ± 0.010	0.716 ± 0.057	—	0.378 ± 0.082	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.808	0.808 ± 0.034	0.729 ± 0.032	0.015 ± 0.039	0.719 ± 0.032	0.719 ± 0.032	0.368 ± 0.030	5	14950	51k	2.2m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.808	0.808 ± 0.037	0.737 ± 0.053	0.035 ± 0.013	0.725 ± 0.049	0.725 ± 0.049	0.348 ± 0.074	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.806	0.806 ± 0.001	0.719 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.711 ± 0.001	0.711 ± 0.001	0.388 ± 0.002	5	14950	3.1M	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.806	0.806 ± 0.001	0.719 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.710 ± 0.002	0.710 ± 0.002	0.388 ± 0.002	5	14950	3.1M	1.3m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.804	0.804 ± 0.041	0.822 ± 0.009	0.236 ± 0.125	0.789 ± 0.020	0.789 ± 0.020	0.155 ± 0.045	5	16583	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.801	0.801 ± 0.033	0.817 ± 0.016	0.235 ± 0.106	0.784 ± 0.020	0.784 ± 0.020	0.163 ± 0.049	5	16583	509k	—
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.799	0.799 ± 0.024	0.712 ± 0.034	0.007 ± 0.010	0.704 ± 0.032	—	0.395 ± 0.046	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.797	0.797 ± 0.012	0.718 ± 0.019	0.026 ± 0.004	0.709 ± 0.017	—	0.379 ± 0.027	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.797	0.797 ± 0.039	0.710 ± 0.052	0.009 ± 0.023	0.702 ± 0.048	0.702 ± 0.048	0.396 ± 0.068	5	14950	509k	6.8m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.797	0.797 ± 0.014	0.712 ± 0.023	0.018 ± 0.005	0.702 ± 0.021	0.702 ± 0.021	0.389 ± 0.034	5	6992	3.1M	52s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.795	0.795 ± 0.021	0.804 ± 0.020	0.225 ± 0.083	0.772 ± 0.016	0.772 ± 0.016	0.185 ± 0.052	5	14697	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.793	0.793 ± 0.014	0.769 ± 0.025	0.154 ± 0.015	0.746 ± 0.022	0.746 ± 0.022	0.261 ± 0.039	5	14697	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.793	0.793 ± 0.022	0.788 ± 0.019	0.197 ± 0.106	0.759 ± 0.009	0.759 ± 0.009	0.218 ± 0.064	5	14697	51k	—
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.792	0.792 ± 0.020	0.702 ± 0.027	0.008 ± 0.013	0.695 ± 0.026	0.695 ± 0.026	0.407 ± 0.037	5	14950	55k	2.7m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.792	0.792 ± 0.016	0.802 ± 0.020	0.231 ± 0.037	0.771 ± 0.019	0.771 ± 0.019	0.185 ± 0.034	5	16583	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.789	0.789 ± 0.026	0.784 ± 0.065	0.198 ± 0.065	0.757 ± 0.055	0.757 ± 0.055	0.223 ± 0.116	5	16583	55k	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.781	0.781 ± 0.002	0.683 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.677 ± 0.003	—	0.438 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.779	0.779 ± 0.003	0.745 ± 0.004	0.144 ± 0.000	0.724 ± 0.004	0.724 ± 0.004	0.298 ± 0.006	5	14697	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.777	0.777 ± 0.077	0.775 ± 0.031	0.219 ± 0.194	0.742 ± 0.053	0.742 ± 0.053	0.228 ± 0.049	5	14697	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.776	0.776 ± 0.010	0.757 ± 0.023	0.179 ± 0.045	0.733 ± 0.018	0.733 ± 0.018	0.268 ± 0.047	5	16583	55k	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.776	0.776 ± 0.002	0.675 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.670 ± 0.003	0.670 ± 0.003	0.448 ± 0.004	5	14950	3.1M	1.3m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.772	0.772 ± 0.016	0.734 ± 0.023	0.144 ± 0.000	0.715 ± 0.021	0.715 ± 0.021	0.312 ± 0.032	5	14697	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.769	0.769 ± 0.016	0.771 ± 0.029	0.236 ± 0.085	0.739 ± 0.020	0.739 ± 0.020	0.226 ± 0.068	5	14697	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.767	0.767 ± 0.068	0.799 ± 0.025	0.304 ± 0.197	0.754 ± 0.046	0.754 ± 0.046	0.161 ± 0.073	5	14697	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.765	0.765 ± 0.014	0.715 ± 0.026	0.126 ± 0.092	0.698 ± 0.017	0.698 ± 0.017	0.345 ± 0.070	5	14950	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.765	0.765 ± 0.014	0.810 ± 0.007	0.338 ± 0.033	0.764 ± 0.011	0.764 ± 0.011	0.133 ± 0.010	5	16583	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.763	0.763 ± 0.014	0.750 ± 0.027	0.207 ± 0.094	0.722 ± 0.017	0.722 ± 0.017	0.266 ± 0.072	5	14950	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.763	0.763 ± 0.012	0.716 ± 0.049	0.134 ± 0.073	0.698 ± 0.039	0.698 ± 0.039	0.341 ± 0.096	5	14950	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.762	0.762 ± 0.025	0.817 ± 0.008	0.364 ± 0.065	0.767 ± 0.018	0.767 ± 0.018	0.112 ± 0.014	5	16583	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.760	0.760 ± 0.022	0.789 ± 0.025	0.304 ± 0.113	0.746 ± 0.014	0.746 ± 0.014	0.176 ± 0.075	5	14697	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.759	0.759 ± 0.012	0.812 ± 0.006	0.361 ± 0.042	0.763 ± 0.007	0.763 ± 0.007	0.120 ± 0.020	5	16583	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.759	0.759 ± 0.034	0.775 ± 0.032	0.277 ± 0.151	0.736 ± 0.021	0.736 ± 0.021	0.205 ± 0.095	5	14697	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.758	0.758 ± 0.018	0.722 ± 0.028	0.163 ± 0.037	0.702 ± 0.024	0.702 ± 0.024	0.321 ± 0.045	5	14950	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.758	0.758 ± 0.005	0.668 ± 0.006	0.043 ± 0.002	0.661 ± 0.006	0.661 ± 0.006	0.441 ± 0.008	5	14950	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.758	0.758 ± 0.012	0.753 ± 0.030	0.233 ± 0.054	0.723 ± 0.023	0.723 ± 0.023	0.252 ± 0.059	5	14950	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.755	0.755 ± 0.015	0.810 ± 0.010	0.369 ± 0.037	0.760 ± 0.013	0.760 ± 0.013	0.121 ± 0.015	5	16583	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.752	0.752 ± 0.090	0.797 ± 0.027	0.352 ± 0.253	0.742 ± 0.076	0.742 ± 0.076	0.144 ± 0.079	5	16583	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.752	0.752 ± 0.015	0.750 ± 0.030	0.245 ± 0.086	0.718 ± 0.020	0.718 ± 0.020	0.252 ± 0.071	5	14950	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.751	0.751 ± 0.019	0.738 ± 0.034	0.221 ± 0.028	0.710 ± 0.029	0.710 ± 0.029	0.277 ± 0.054	5	14950	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.750	0.750 ± 0.018	0.656 ± 0.026	0.041 ± 0.000	0.650 ± 0.024	0.650 ± 0.024	0.459 ± 0.036	5	14950	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.750	0.750 ± 0.017	0.740 ± 0.035	0.228 ± 0.050	0.711 ± 0.028	0.711 ± 0.028	0.273 ± 0.063	5	14697	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.749	0.749 ± 0.010	0.803 ± 0.013	0.372 ± 0.023	0.751 ± 0.012	0.751 ± 0.012	0.130 ± 0.021	5	14697	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.748	0.748 ± 0.021	0.785 ± 0.013	0.333 ± 0.071	0.739 ± 0.014	0.739 ± 0.014	0.170 ± 0.036	5	16123	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.748	0.748 ± 0.012	0.766 ± 0.019	0.292 ± 0.017	0.728 ± 0.017	0.728 ± 0.017	0.212 ± 0.029	5	16123	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.748	0.748 ± 0.005	0.796 ± 0.005	0.362 ± 0.004	0.747 ± 0.005	0.747 ± 0.005	0.143 ± 0.005	5	14697	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.748	0.748 ± 0.060	0.797 ± 0.016	0.362 ± 0.175	0.743 ± 0.041	0.743 ± 0.041	0.143 ± 0.061	5	14697	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.747	0.747 ± 0.025	0.719 ± 0.031	0.190 ± 0.147	0.694 ± 0.011	0.694 ± 0.011	0.316 ± 0.098	5	14950	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.745	0.745 ± 0.011	0.807 ± 0.002	0.393 ± 0.035	0.752 ± 0.006	0.752 ± 0.006	0.116 ± 0.013	5	14697	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.745	0.745 ± 0.012	0.776 ± 0.014	0.323 ± 0.064	0.732 ± 0.007	0.732 ± 0.007	0.187 ± 0.043	5	16123	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.744	0.744 ± 0.013	0.807 ± 0.006	0.394 ± 0.048	0.751 ± 0.007	0.751 ± 0.007	0.117 ± 0.023	5	14697	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.743	0.743 ± 0.004	0.771 ± 0.004	0.320 ± 0.017	0.728 ± 0.002	0.728 ± 0.002	0.195 ± 0.011	5	14697	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.743	0.743 ± 0.009	0.745 ± 0.016	0.263 ± 0.015	0.712 ± 0.013	0.712 ± 0.013	0.252 ± 0.025	5	14950	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.742	0.742 ± 0.033	0.768 ± 0.016	0.316 ± 0.083	0.726 ± 0.024	0.726 ± 0.024	0.200 ± 0.026	5	16123	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.740	0.740 ± 0.005	0.739 ± 0.010	0.256 ± 0.013	0.707 ± 0.008	0.707 ± 0.008	0.263 ± 0.018	5	14950	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.740	0.740 ± 0.018	0.782 ± 0.017	0.353 ± 0.025	0.734 ± 0.019	0.734 ± 0.019	0.167 ± 0.018	5	14697	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.740	0.740 ± 0.027	0.709 ± 0.047	0.193 ± 0.119	0.686 ± 0.036	0.686 ± 0.036	0.328 ± 0.102	5	14950	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.739	0.739 ± 0.018	0.781 ± 0.021	0.356 ± 0.022	0.735 ± 0.021	0.735 ± 0.021	0.165 ± 0.028	5	16583	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.739	0.739 ± 0.004	0.752 ± 0.002	0.290 ± 0.013	0.715 ± 0.002	0.715 ± 0.002	0.232 ± 0.006	5	14950	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.737	0.737 ± 0.005	0.744 ± 0.015	0.278 ± 0.020	0.709 ± 0.011	0.709 ± 0.011	0.247 ± 0.028	5	14950	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.735	0.735 ± 0.029	0.784 ± 0.013	0.373 ± 0.090	0.732 ± 0.019	0.732 ± 0.019	0.156 ± 0.039	5	16123	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.734	0.734 ± 0.011	0.775 ± 0.020	0.356 ± 0.018	0.727 ± 0.017	0.727 ± 0.017	0.175 ± 0.032	5	14697	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.734	0.734 ± 0.069	0.768 ± 0.014	0.340 ± 0.207	0.717 ± 0.049	0.717 ± 0.049	0.192 ± 0.071	5	14950	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.734	0.734 ± 0.021	0.784 ± 0.017	0.380 ± 0.040	0.733 ± 0.020	0.733 ± 0.020	0.153 ± 0.022	5	16583	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.732	0.732 ± 0.044	0.797 ± 0.012	0.414 ± 0.126	0.736 ± 0.035	0.736 ± 0.035	0.123 ± 0.040	5	14697	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.729	0.729 ± 0.011	0.765 ± 0.022	0.350 ± 0.063	0.718 ± 0.013	0.718 ± 0.013	0.192 ± 0.051	5	16123	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.729	0.729 ± 0.002	0.735 ± 0.002	0.286 ± 0.000	0.700 ± 0.002	0.700 ± 0.002	0.257 ± 0.003	5	16123	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.727	0.727 ± 0.012	0.777 ± 0.017	0.383 ± 0.071	0.724 ± 0.007	0.724 ± 0.007	0.162 ± 0.049	5	16123	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.727	0.727 ± 0.001	0.792 ± 0.001	0.417 ± 0.000	0.733 ± 0.001	0.733 ± 0.001	0.129 ± 0.001	5	16123	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.726	0.726 ± 0.008	0.732 ± 0.011	0.286 ± 0.000	0.697 ± 0.010	0.697 ± 0.010	0.262 ± 0.015	5	16123	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.725	0.725 ± 0.004	0.789 ± 0.006	0.418 ± 0.006	0.730 ± 0.005	0.730 ± 0.005	0.132 ± 0.008	5	16123	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.724	0.724 ± 0.003	0.787 ± 0.004	0.416 ± 0.000	0.728 ± 0.004	0.728 ± 0.004	0.136 ± 0.006	5	16123	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.723	0.723 ± 0.006	0.789 ± 0.006	0.422 ± 0.016	0.729 ± 0.006	0.729 ± 0.006	0.131 ± 0.012	5	16123	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.722	0.722 ± 0.001	0.698 ± 0.005	0.224 ± 0.010	0.674 ± 0.003	0.674 ± 0.003	0.332 ± 0.010	5	14950	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.720	0.720 ± 0.035	0.767 ± 0.025	0.384 ± 0.122	0.714 ± 0.026	0.714 ± 0.026	0.175 ± 0.068	5	16123	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.720	0.720 ± 0.031	0.713 ± 0.043	0.265 ± 0.101	0.682 ± 0.033	0.682 ± 0.033	0.296 ± 0.085	5	14697	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.719	0.719 ± 0.009	0.744 ± 0.020	0.338 ± 0.030	0.701 ± 0.015	0.701 ± 0.015	0.225 ± 0.038	5	16123	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.718	0.718 ± 0.011	0.774 ± 0.011	0.408 ± 0.014	0.717 ± 0.012	0.717 ± 0.012	0.157 ± 0.012	5	16123	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.718	0.718 ± 0.019	0.663 ± 0.040	0.162 ± 0.036	0.649 ± 0.034	0.649 ± 0.034	0.402 ± 0.068	5	14950	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.717	0.717 ± 0.035	0.782 ± 0.009	0.428 ± 0.100	0.720 ± 0.026	0.720 ± 0.026	0.138 ± 0.033	5	16123	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.717	0.717 ± 0.008	0.773 ± 0.014	0.409 ± 0.014	0.717 ± 0.012	0.717 ± 0.012	0.157 ± 0.023	5	16123	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.716	0.716 ± 0.043	0.745 ± 0.065	0.347 ± 0.210	0.696 ± 0.046	0.696 ± 0.046	0.220 ± 0.159	5	14697	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.716	0.716 ± 0.002	0.765 ± 0.002	0.395 ± 0.011	0.711 ± 0.001	0.711 ± 0.001	0.174 ± 0.007	5	16123	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.713	0.713 ± 0.016	0.714 ± 0.030	0.289 ± 0.033	0.681 ± 0.024	0.681 ± 0.024	0.284 ± 0.049	5	14950	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.711	0.711 ± 0.008	0.709 ± 0.030	0.285 ± 0.043	0.677 ± 0.021	0.677 ± 0.021	0.293 ± 0.057	5	14950	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.708	0.708 ± 0.039	0.787 ± 0.011	0.469 ± 0.104	0.717 ± 0.034	0.717 ± 0.034	0.116 ± 0.026	5	16123	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.706	0.706 ± 0.028	0.698 ± 0.064	0.275 ± 0.180	0.665 ± 0.042	0.665 ± 0.042	0.313 ± 0.152	5	14950	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.706	0.706 ± 0.018	0.668 ± 0.024	0.210 ± 0.058	0.648 ± 0.019	0.648 ± 0.019	0.378 ± 0.046	5	14950	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.702	0.702 ± 0.021	0.734 ± 0.026	0.369 ± 0.075	0.687 ± 0.019	0.687 ± 0.019	0.227 ± 0.056	5	16123	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.699	0.699 ± 0.025	0.754 ± 0.038	0.424 ± 0.135	0.694 ± 0.021	0.694 ± 0.021	0.179 ± 0.099	5	16123	55k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.681	0.681 ± 0.028	0.798 ± 0.017	0.632 ± 0.057	0.702 ± 0.035	0.702 ± 0.035	0.005 ± 0.001	5	54855	—	21s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.631	0.631 ± 0.121	0.762 ± 0.069	0.721 ± 0.262	0.622 ± 0.150	0.622 ± 0.150	0.016 ± 0.021	5	218569	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.574	0.574 ± 0.055	0.718 ± 0.018	0.754 ± 0.206	0.562 ± 0.071	0.562 ± 0.071	0.098 ± 0.099	5	16583	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.518	0.518 ± 0.017	0.696 ± 0.010	0.961 ± 0.035	0.446 ± 0.035	0.446 ± 0.035	0.002 ± 0.002	5	218569	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.514	0.514 ± 0.016	0.720 ± 0.004	0.957 ± 0.047	0.456 ± 0.039	0.456 ± 0.039	0.016 ± 0.015	5	16583	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.509	0.509 ± 0.024	0.691 ± 0.015	0.982 ± 0.051	0.424 ± 0.050	0.424 ± 0.050	0.001 ± 0.002	5	100119	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.505	0.505 ± 0.015	0.689 ± 0.009	0.989 ± 0.030	0.418 ± 0.031	0.418 ± 0.031	0.000 ± 0.001	5	54855	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.503	0.503 ± 0.009	0.687 ± 0.006	0.993 ± 0.019	0.414 ± 0.020	0.414 ± 0.020	0.000 ± 0.000	5	100119	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.503	0.503 ± 0.009	0.725 ± 0.003	0.991 ± 0.024	0.428 ± 0.022	0.428 ± 0.022	0.002 ± 0.005	5	14697	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.503	0.503 ± 0.007	0.725 ± 0.002	0.993 ± 0.018	0.426 ± 0.018	0.426 ± 0.018	0.002 ± 0.004	5	16123	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.501	0.501 ± 0.003	0.725 ± 0.000	0.996 ± 0.010	0.424 ± 0.009	0.424 ± 0.009	0.001 ± 0.004	5	14950	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.001	0.725 ± 0.000	0.999 ± 0.002	0.421 ± 0.002	0.421 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.001	5	14950	3.1M	—
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	100119	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.725 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	14950	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	24771	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.724 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	16123	—	0s
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	24771	—	21s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	218569	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.719 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	16583	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.686 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	54855	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.724 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	14697	—	0s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	24771	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.686 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	54855	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.719 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	16583	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	24771	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.724 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	16123	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	218569	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.724 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	14697	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.001	0.685 ± 0.001	1.000 ± 0.000	0.406 ± 0.000	0.406 ± 0.000	0.001 ± 0.001	5	218569	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.499	0.499 ± 0.001	0.718 ± 0.002	1.000 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.001	0.418 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.003	5	16583	3.1M	—

fault_detection_local

fault_detection_local — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	false_alarm_rate	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	missed_fault_rate	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.004	0.996 ± 0.004	0.007 ± 0.007	0.995 ± 0.004	0.995 ± 0.004	0.003 ± 0.003	5	54855	506k	9.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.003	0.987 ± 0.006	0.002 ± 0.007	0.985 ± 0.007	0.985 ± 0.007	0.018 ± 0.012	5	24771	506k	11.8m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.008	0.986 ± 0.013	0.003 ± 0.006	0.984 ± 0.015	0.984 ± 0.015	0.019 ± 0.021	5	24771	506k	7.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.002	0.985 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.982 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	0.022 ± 0.003	5	24771	49k	3.3m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.001	0.985 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.982 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	0.023 ± 0.002	5	218569	506k	10.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.003	0.981 ± 0.003	0.024 ± 0.004	5	24771	49k	2.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.001	0.984 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.024 ± 0.002	5	24771	49k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.002	0.025 ± 0.003	5	24771	49k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.003	0.983 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.005	0.980 ± 0.005	0.025 ± 0.007	5	24771	506k	8.5m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.025 ± 0.002	5	218569	49k	2.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.003	0.980 ± 0.003	0.026 ± 0.004	5	24771	506k	6.3m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	0.026 ± 0.003	5	54855	49k	1.7m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	0.026 ± 0.002	5	24771	49k	2.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.003	0.979 ± 0.003	0.027 ± 0.004	5	24771	49k	1.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.004	0.981 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.006	0.978 ± 0.006	0.028 ± 0.008	5	24771	506k	3.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.005	0.979 ± 0.007	0.000 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.008	0.976 ± 0.008	0.030 ± 0.011	5	24771	506k	5.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.004	0.979 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.005	0.976 ± 0.005	0.030 ± 0.007	5	24771	506k	4.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.003	0.976 ± 0.003	0.031 ± 0.004	5	24771	49k	37s
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	0.031 ± 0.000	5	218569	1.6M	1.2m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.004	0.978 ± 0.006	0.000 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.007	0.975 ± 0.007	0.032 ± 0.009	5	24771	52k	2.2m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.001	0.015 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.019 ± 0.000	5	100119	—	17s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.971 ± 0.002	0.971 ± 0.002	0.037 ± 0.002	5	24771	1.6M	52s
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.971 ± 0.001	0.971 ± 0.001	0.037 ± 0.001	5	54855	1.6M	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.006	0.975 ± 0.008	0.001 ± 0.001	0.971 ± 0.009	0.971 ± 0.009	0.037 ± 0.012	5	218569	49k	2.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.000	0.974 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.971 ± 0.001	0.971 ± 0.001	0.038 ± 0.001	5	24771	1.6M	50s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.000	0.974 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.970 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	0.038 ± 0.001	5	24771	1.6M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.970 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	0.038 ± 0.001	5	24771	1.6M	51s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.970 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	0.039 ± 0.001	5	24771	1.6M	51s
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.000	0.973 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.970 ± 0.000	0.970 ± 0.000	0.039 ± 0.000	5	24771	1.6M	1.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.970 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	0.039 ± 0.001	5	24771	1.6M	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.026	0.972 ± 0.035	0.000 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.038	0.969 ± 0.038	0.041 ± 0.051	5	24771	52k	2.5m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.002	0.002 ± 0.000	0.968 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.002	0.040 ± 0.002	5	218569	49k	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.016	0.973 ± 0.023	0.007 ± 0.018	0.970 ± 0.025	0.970 ± 0.025	0.036 ± 0.038	5	218569	52k	2.7m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.002	0.971 ± 0.003	0.004 ± 0.004	0.968 ± 0.003	0.968 ± 0.003	0.040 ± 0.004	5	218569	49k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.009	0.968 ± 0.013	0.001 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.014	0.964 ± 0.014	0.046 ± 0.019	5	218569	49k	3.1m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.013	0.966 ± 0.018	0.000 ± 0.000	0.962 ± 0.019	0.962 ± 0.019	0.050 ± 0.026	5	100119	52k	2.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.974	0.974 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.960 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.003	0.052 ± 0.005	5	100119	506k	12.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.974	0.974 ± 0.013	0.964 ± 0.019	0.001 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.020	0.960 ± 0.020	0.052 ± 0.027	5	218569	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.974	0.974 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.960 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.001	0.052 ± 0.002	5	100119	49k	2.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.973	0.973 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.958 ± 0.001	0.958 ± 0.001	0.054 ± 0.002	5	100119	49k	3.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.971	0.971 ± 0.000	0.960 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.955 ± 0.001	0.955 ± 0.001	0.058 ± 0.001	5	218569	1.6M	57s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.971	0.971 ± 0.007	0.960 ± 0.010	0.000 ± 0.000	0.955 ± 0.011	0.955 ± 0.011	0.059 ± 0.015	5	218569	506k	9.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.030	0.959 ± 0.041	0.000 ± 0.000	0.955 ± 0.044	0.955 ± 0.044	0.059 ± 0.061	5	24771	52k	1.3m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.004	0.959 ± 0.006	0.001 ± 0.003	0.954 ± 0.006	0.954 ± 0.006	0.059 ± 0.009	5	100119	49k	2.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.007	0.959 ± 0.009	0.000 ± 0.000	0.954 ± 0.010	0.954 ± 0.010	0.060 ± 0.014	5	100119	506k	8.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.023	0.958 ± 0.032	0.000 ± 0.000	0.953 ± 0.035	0.953 ± 0.035	0.061 ± 0.047	5	24771	52k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.009	0.958 ± 0.013	0.001 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.014	0.953 ± 0.014	0.061 ± 0.019	5	218569	49k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.005	0.957 ± 0.007	0.000 ± 0.000	0.952 ± 0.007	0.952 ± 0.007	0.062 ± 0.010	5	218569	1.6M	45s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.024	0.957 ± 0.033	0.000 ± 0.000	0.952 ± 0.036	0.952 ± 0.036	0.063 ± 0.048	5	24771	52k	1.6m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.008	0.960 ± 0.014	0.008 ± 0.014	0.955 ± 0.015	0.955 ± 0.015	0.055 ± 0.026	5	100119	506k	8.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.002	0.956 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.950 ± 0.004	0.950 ± 0.004	0.065 ± 0.005	5	218569	49k	36s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.019	0.958 ± 0.021	0.006 ± 0.016	0.953 ± 0.024	0.953 ± 0.024	0.059 ± 0.027	5	218569	506k	6.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.000	0.955 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.950 ± 0.001	0.950 ± 0.001	0.066 ± 0.001	5	218569	1.6M	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.955 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.950 ± 0.002	0.950 ± 0.002	0.065 ± 0.003	5	218569	49k	31s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.000	0.955 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.950 ± 0.001	0.950 ± 0.001	0.066 ± 0.001	5	218569	1.6M	51s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.026	0.961 ± 0.035	0.016 ± 0.021	0.956 ± 0.039	0.956 ± 0.039	0.050 ± 0.054	5	218569	52k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.014	0.958 ± 0.010	0.011 ± 0.030	0.953 ± 0.011	0.953 ± 0.011	0.056 ± 0.010	5	54855	49k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.004	0.958 ± 0.003	0.011 ± 0.014	0.953 ± 0.004	0.953 ± 0.004	0.056 ± 0.008	5	54855	506k	6.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.954 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.948 ± 0.001	0.948 ± 0.001	0.067 ± 0.002	5	218569	1.6M	1.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.954 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.948 ± 0.001	0.948 ± 0.001	0.068 ± 0.001	5	218569	1.6M	53s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.018	0.954 ± 0.027	0.003 ± 0.008	0.949 ± 0.030	0.949 ± 0.030	0.066 ± 0.043	5	54855	52k	2.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.016	0.953 ± 0.022	0.001 ± 0.001	0.948 ± 0.024	0.948 ± 0.024	0.068 ± 0.033	5	100119	506k	7.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.000	0.951 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.946 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.001	0.071 ± 0.001	5	54855	1.6M	46s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.000	0.951 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.946 ± 0.000	0.946 ± 0.000	0.071 ± 0.001	5	54855	1.6M	46s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.007	0.951 ± 0.009	0.000 ± 0.000	0.946 ± 0.010	0.946 ± 0.010	0.071 ± 0.013	5	100119	49k	2.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.951 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.945 ± 0.001	0.945 ± 0.001	0.072 ± 0.002	5	54855	1.6M	57s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.006	0.950 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.000	0.945 ± 0.009	0.945 ± 0.009	0.072 ± 0.012	5	218569	506k	5.9m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.950 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.944 ± 0.002	0.944 ± 0.002	0.073 ± 0.002	5	54855	1.6M	45s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.001	0.950 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.944 ± 0.001	0.944 ± 0.001	0.073 ± 0.001	5	54855	1.6M	47s
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.035	0.957 ± 0.040	0.022 ± 0.043	0.952 ± 0.043	0.952 ± 0.043	0.052 ± 0.054	5	54855	52k	2.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.001	0.949 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.943 ± 0.001	0.943 ± 0.001	0.074 ± 0.002	5	54855	1.6M	2.8m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.001	0.948 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.942 ± 0.001	0.942 ± 0.001	0.076 ± 0.002	5	218569	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.015	0.954 ± 0.011	0.016 ± 0.030	0.948 ± 0.012	0.948 ± 0.012	0.060 ± 0.013	5	54855	506k	6.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.004	0.949 ± 0.003	0.003 ± 0.008	0.943 ± 0.004	0.943 ± 0.004	0.073 ± 0.004	5	54855	49k	42s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.015	0.948 ± 0.021	0.000 ± 0.000	0.942 ± 0.022	0.942 ± 0.022	0.076 ± 0.031	5	100119	49k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.001	0.948 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.942 ± 0.002	0.942 ± 0.002	0.077 ± 0.002	5	218569	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.007	0.950 ± 0.010	0.008 ± 0.015	0.944 ± 0.010	0.944 ± 0.010	0.069 ± 0.017	5	54855	506k	5.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.002	0.947 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.941 ± 0.003	0.941 ± 0.003	0.078 ± 0.004	5	54855	49k	33s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.012	0.947 ± 0.017	0.000 ± 0.000	0.941 ± 0.018	0.941 ± 0.018	0.078 ± 0.025	5	218569	506k	5.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.009	0.958 ± 0.010	0.033 ± 0.013	0.952 ± 0.011	0.952 ± 0.011	0.046 ± 0.014	5	54855	506k	10.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.012	0.952 ± 0.008	0.017 ± 0.031	0.946 ± 0.009	0.946 ± 0.009	0.063 ± 0.012	5	54855	506k	6.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.010	0.946 ± 0.015	0.003 ± 0.008	0.940 ± 0.016	0.940 ± 0.016	0.077 ± 0.024	5	54855	52k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.017	0.954 ± 0.010	0.028 ± 0.036	0.948 ± 0.012	0.948 ± 0.012	0.054 ± 0.004	5	54855	49k	3.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.022	0.944 ± 0.030	0.000 ± 0.000	0.938 ± 0.032	0.938 ± 0.032	0.081 ± 0.044	5	100119	506k	5.1m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.016	0.944 ± 0.021	0.002 ± 0.006	0.938 ± 0.023	0.938 ± 0.023	0.080 ± 0.030	5	218569	506k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.021	0.947 ± 0.029	0.008 ± 0.015	0.941 ± 0.032	0.941 ± 0.032	0.074 ± 0.044	5	54855	52k	3.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.019	0.943 ± 0.026	0.000 ± 0.000	0.937 ± 0.028	0.937 ± 0.028	0.083 ± 0.038	5	100119	506k	7.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.014	0.943 ± 0.019	0.000 ± 0.000	0.937 ± 0.021	0.937 ± 0.021	0.083 ± 0.028	5	218569	506k	4.5m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.006	0.947 ± 0.008	0.011 ± 0.013	0.941 ± 0.009	0.941 ± 0.009	0.073 ± 0.015	5	218569	49k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.021	0.943 ± 0.030	0.002 ± 0.006	0.937 ± 0.032	0.937 ± 0.032	0.082 ± 0.046	5	54855	52k	2.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.006	0.942 ± 0.009	0.000 ± 0.000	0.936 ± 0.009	0.936 ± 0.009	0.085 ± 0.013	5	100119	1.6M	51s
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.003	0.942 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.936 ± 0.004	0.936 ± 0.004	0.085 ± 0.005	5	100119	1.6M	2.9m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.003	0.942 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.936 ± 0.005	0.936 ± 0.005	0.085 ± 0.006	5	100119	1.6M	3.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.020	0.942 ± 0.028	0.000 ± 0.000	0.936 ± 0.029	0.936 ± 0.029	0.085 ± 0.040	5	100119	49k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.029	0.942 ± 0.039	0.000 ± 0.000	0.936 ± 0.041	0.936 ± 0.041	0.085 ± 0.057	5	24771	52k	58s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.016	0.942 ± 0.022	0.000 ± 0.001	0.936 ± 0.023	0.936 ± 0.023	0.085 ± 0.032	5	218569	506k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.013	0.949 ± 0.007	0.025 ± 0.037	0.943 ± 0.008	0.943 ± 0.008	0.063 ± 0.016	5	54855	49k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.002	0.940 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.933 ± 0.003	0.933 ± 0.003	0.088 ± 0.004	5	24771	506k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.032	0.942 ± 0.045	0.007 ± 0.015	0.937 ± 0.047	0.937 ± 0.047	0.081 ± 0.068	5	100119	52k	3.6m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.014	0.941 ± 0.022	0.003 ± 0.008	0.935 ± 0.024	0.935 ± 0.024	0.085 ± 0.036	5	54855	52k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.005	0.940 ± 0.007	0.000 ± 0.000	0.933 ± 0.007	0.933 ± 0.007	0.088 ± 0.010	5	218569	506k	2.9m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.001	0.939 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.932 ± 0.002	0.932 ± 0.002	0.089 ± 0.003	5	100119	1.6M	47s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.001	0.938 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.931 ± 0.002	0.931 ± 0.002	0.090 ± 0.003	5	100119	1.6M	51s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.012	0.948 ± 0.007	0.027 ± 0.029	0.941 ± 0.008	0.941 ± 0.008	0.064 ± 0.009	5	218569	506k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.022	0.938 ± 0.030	0.000 ± 0.000	0.932 ± 0.031	0.932 ± 0.031	0.091 ± 0.043	5	100119	506k	6.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.008	0.938 ± 0.010	0.002 ± 0.006	0.932 ± 0.011	0.932 ± 0.011	0.089 ± 0.014	5	218569	52k	2.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.011	0.937 ± 0.015	0.001 ± 0.002	0.931 ± 0.015	0.931 ± 0.015	0.091 ± 0.021	5	218569	52k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.001	0.937 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.930 ± 0.001	0.930 ± 0.001	0.092 ± 0.002	5	54855	506k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.017	0.950 ± 0.009	0.038 ± 0.037	0.944 ± 0.011	0.944 ± 0.011	0.055 ± 0.006	5	54855	49k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.001	0.936 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.930 ± 0.002	0.930 ± 0.002	0.093 ± 0.003	5	100119	1.6M	48s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.001	0.936 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.929 ± 0.002	0.929 ± 0.002	0.094 ± 0.002	5	54855	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.006	0.935 ± 0.009	0.000 ± 0.000	0.929 ± 0.009	0.929 ± 0.009	0.094 ± 0.013	5	24771	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.005	0.935 ± 0.007	0.000 ± 0.000	0.928 ± 0.008	0.928 ± 0.008	0.095 ± 0.011	5	54855	49k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.002	0.934 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.928 ± 0.003	0.928 ± 0.003	0.096 ± 0.004	5	100119	1.6M	52s
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.015	0.934 ± 0.017	0.008 ± 0.009	0.923 ± 0.019	—	0.087 ± 0.020	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.002	0.934 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.927 ± 0.002	0.927 ± 0.002	0.096 ± 0.003	5	24771	49k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.015	0.937 ± 0.022	0.008 ± 0.023	0.930 ± 0.023	0.930 ± 0.023	0.088 ± 0.039	5	54855	52k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.017	0.949 ± 0.011	0.044 ± 0.035	0.941 ± 0.013	0.941 ± 0.013	0.055 ± 0.002	5	54855	506k	8.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.014	0.933 ± 0.016	0.005 ± 0.010	0.926 ± 0.017	0.926 ± 0.017	0.096 ± 0.020	5	218569	52k	1.0m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.005	0.936 ± 0.004	0.014 ± 0.012	0.929 ± 0.004	0.929 ± 0.004	0.086 ± 0.007	5	218569	49k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.017	0.933 ± 0.026	0.006 ± 0.017	0.927 ± 0.027	0.927 ± 0.027	0.095 ± 0.042	5	100119	52k	2.4m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.013	0.930 ± 0.018	0.000 ± 0.000	0.923 ± 0.018	0.923 ± 0.018	0.102 ± 0.026	5	24771	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.014	0.930 ± 0.019	0.000 ± 0.000	0.923 ± 0.020	0.923 ± 0.020	0.102 ± 0.028	5	54855	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.007	0.933 ± 0.011	0.006 ± 0.018	0.926 ± 0.011	0.926 ± 0.011	0.095 ± 0.021	5	24771	52k	—
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.016	0.930 ± 0.018	0.009 ± 0.011	0.918 ± 0.020	0.918 ± 0.020	0.094 ± 0.021	5	14697	506k	9.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.048	0.936 ± 0.056	0.017 ± 0.037	0.929 ± 0.061	0.929 ± 0.061	0.086 ± 0.072	5	24771	52k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.026	0.930 ± 0.039	0.005 ± 0.015	0.924 ± 0.041	0.924 ± 0.041	0.099 ± 0.062	5	100119	52k	2.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.007	0.928 ± 0.009	0.001 ± 0.001	0.921 ± 0.010	0.921 ± 0.010	0.104 ± 0.013	5	218569	52k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.010	0.928 ± 0.013	0.000 ± 0.000	0.921 ± 0.014	0.921 ± 0.014	0.105 ± 0.020	5	24771	49k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.003	0.927 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.920 ± 0.004	0.920 ± 0.004	0.106 ± 0.006	5	100119	49k	32s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.036	0.936 ± 0.037	0.025 ± 0.037	0.929 ± 0.040	0.929 ± 0.040	0.081 ± 0.041	5	100119	52k	2.2m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.010	0.927 ± 0.014	0.000 ± 0.000	0.920 ± 0.015	0.920 ± 0.015	0.107 ± 0.021	5	54855	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.037	0.934 ± 0.039	0.023 ± 0.037	0.927 ± 0.043	0.927 ± 0.043	0.086 ± 0.045	5	218569	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.010	0.925 ± 0.014	0.000 ± 0.000	0.918 ± 0.015	0.918 ± 0.015	0.109 ± 0.021	5	24771	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.014	0.925 ± 0.019	0.000 ± 0.000	0.917 ± 0.020	0.917 ± 0.020	0.110 ± 0.027	5	24771	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.003	0.924 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.917 ± 0.004	0.917 ± 0.004	0.111 ± 0.006	5	100119	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.019	0.923 ± 0.026	0.000 ± 0.000	0.916 ± 0.027	0.916 ± 0.027	0.112 ± 0.038	5	54855	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.001	0.923 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.916 ± 0.002	0.916 ± 0.002	0.113 ± 0.003	5	24771	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.013	0.922 ± 0.018	0.000 ± 0.000	0.915 ± 0.018	0.915 ± 0.018	0.113 ± 0.026	5	54855	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.015	0.932 ± 0.006	0.027 ± 0.047	0.924 ± 0.007	0.924 ± 0.007	0.087 ± 0.020	5	218569	49k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.017	0.925 ± 0.029	0.011 ± 0.018	0.918 ± 0.030	0.918 ± 0.030	0.105 ± 0.050	5	100119	52k	2.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.025	0.921 ± 0.034	0.000 ± 0.000	0.914 ± 0.034	0.914 ± 0.034	0.115 ± 0.049	5	54855	52k	1.0m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.002	0.921 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.913 ± 0.003	0.913 ± 0.003	0.115 ± 0.005	5	24771	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.035	0.930 ± 0.042	0.025 ± 0.045	0.922 ± 0.044	0.922 ± 0.044	0.091 ± 0.060	5	218569	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.004	0.919 ± 0.006	0.000 ± 0.000	0.912 ± 0.006	0.912 ± 0.006	0.118 ± 0.009	5	218569	49k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.024	0.922 ± 0.025	0.008 ± 0.021	0.914 ± 0.027	0.914 ± 0.027	0.111 ± 0.028	5	218569	52k	1.2m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.000	0.937 ± 0.000	0.053 ± 0.000	0.924 ± 0.000	—	0.067 ± 0.000	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.939	0.939 ± 0.040	0.917 ± 0.055	0.000 ± 0.000	0.910 ± 0.056	0.910 ± 0.056	0.122 ± 0.081	5	100119	52k	1.9m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.938	0.938 ± 0.002	0.915 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.907 ± 0.003	0.907 ± 0.003	0.124 ± 0.004	5	24771	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.001	0.912 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.905 ± 0.001	0.905 ± 0.001	0.128 ± 0.002	5	54855	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.003	0.912 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.904 ± 0.004	0.904 ± 0.004	0.129 ± 0.005	5	100119	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.014	0.914 ± 0.021	0.007 ± 0.010	0.907 ± 0.021	0.907 ± 0.021	0.122 ± 0.033	5	100119	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.004	0.912 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.904 ± 0.005	0.904 ± 0.005	0.129 ± 0.007	5	54855	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.935	0.935 ± 0.006	0.911 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.000	0.903 ± 0.008	0.903 ± 0.008	0.130 ± 0.011	5	24771	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.935	0.935 ± 0.012	0.923 ± 0.010	0.034 ± 0.036	0.914 ± 0.010	0.914 ± 0.010	0.097 ± 0.021	5	218569	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.934	0.934 ± 0.006	0.910 ± 0.009	0.000 ± 0.000	0.902 ± 0.009	0.902 ± 0.009	0.131 ± 0.013	5	24771	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.934	0.934 ± 0.073	0.937 ± 0.054	0.076 ± 0.136	0.927 ± 0.065	0.927 ± 0.065	0.057 ± 0.040	5	218569	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.933	0.933 ± 0.001	0.908 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.901 ± 0.002	0.901 ± 0.002	0.134 ± 0.002	5	24771	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.933	0.933 ± 0.028	0.925 ± 0.021	0.047 ± 0.079	0.916 ± 0.023	0.916 ± 0.023	0.088 ± 0.043	5	218569	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.932	0.932 ± 0.002	0.907 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.899 ± 0.003	0.899 ± 0.003	0.136 ± 0.005	5	54855	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.932	0.932 ± 0.006	0.907 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.000	0.899 ± 0.008	0.899 ± 0.008	0.136 ± 0.012	5	54855	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.932	0.932 ± 0.016	0.924 ± 0.007	0.046 ± 0.049	0.915 ± 0.008	0.915 ± 0.008	0.090 ± 0.021	5	218569	506k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.931	0.931 ± 0.001	0.931 ± 0.000	0.067 ± 0.001	0.917 ± 0.001	0.917 ± 0.001	0.070 ± 0.001	5	16583	—	15s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.931	0.931 ± 0.002	0.905 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.897 ± 0.002	0.897 ± 0.002	0.138 ± 0.003	5	100119	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.930	0.930 ± 0.007	0.906 ± 0.006	0.004 ± 0.012	0.898 ± 0.007	0.898 ± 0.007	0.135 ± 0.008	5	218569	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.930	0.930 ± 0.008	0.904 ± 0.012	0.000 ± 0.000	0.896 ± 0.012	0.896 ± 0.012	0.139 ± 0.017	5	54855	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.926	0.926 ± 0.004	0.908 ± 0.002	0.024 ± 0.009	0.899 ± 0.002	0.899 ± 0.002	0.124 ± 0.002	5	100119	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.926	0.926 ± 0.002	0.898 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.890 ± 0.002	0.890 ± 0.002	0.149 ± 0.004	5	54855	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.923	0.923 ± 0.028	0.894 ± 0.038	0.000 ± 0.000	0.886 ± 0.038	0.886 ± 0.038	0.154 ± 0.055	5	24771	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.919	0.919 ± 0.005	0.889 ± 0.007	0.000 ± 0.000	0.881 ± 0.007	0.881 ± 0.007	0.162 ± 0.011	5	100119	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.917	0.917 ± 0.005	0.902 ± 0.004	0.044 ± 0.009	0.893 ± 0.004	0.893 ± 0.004	0.122 ± 0.003	5	100119	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.916	0.916 ± 0.040	0.885 ± 0.055	0.000 ± 0.000	0.878 ± 0.055	0.878 ± 0.055	0.168 ± 0.080	5	24771	52k	—
threshold	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.916	0.916 ± 0.000	0.885 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.877 ± 0.000	0.877 ± 0.000	0.168 ± 0.000	5	24771	—	2s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.915	0.915 ± 0.006	0.887 ± 0.007	0.007 ± 0.013	0.879 ± 0.007	0.879 ± 0.007	0.162 ± 0.012	5	100119	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.915	0.915 ± 0.039	0.884 ± 0.054	0.000 ± 0.000	0.876 ± 0.054	0.876 ± 0.054	0.169 ± 0.079	5	54855	52k	—
threshold	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.914	0.914 ± 0.000	0.904 ± 0.000	0.059 ± 0.000	0.894 ± 0.000	0.894 ± 0.000	0.113 ± 0.000	5	218569	—	2s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.912	0.912 ± 0.004	0.876 ± 0.007	0.006 ± 0.002	0.860 ± 0.007	0.860 ± 0.007	0.169 ± 0.010	5	9315	49k	1.4m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.911	0.911 ± 0.004	0.873 ± 0.007	0.005 ± 0.001	0.859 ± 0.007	0.859 ± 0.007	0.174 ± 0.009	5	9913	49k	1.4m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.910	0.910 ± 0.004	0.878 ± 0.006	0.019 ± 0.001	0.863 ± 0.006	0.863 ± 0.006	0.161 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.910	0.910 ± 0.003	0.878 ± 0.006	0.020 ± 0.004	0.861 ± 0.006	0.861 ± 0.006	0.161 ± 0.009	5	9430	506k	5.4m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.909	0.909 ± 0.004	0.870 ± 0.005	0.003 ± 0.001	0.854 ± 0.005	0.854 ± 0.005	0.178 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.909	0.909 ± 0.011	0.896 ± 0.016	0.056 ± 0.041	0.885 ± 0.016	0.885 ± 0.016	0.127 ± 0.037	5	100119	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.909	0.909 ± 0.054	0.877 ± 0.070	0.006 ± 0.015	0.869 ± 0.070	0.869 ± 0.070	0.177 ± 0.098	5	54855	52k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.908	0.908 ± 0.005	0.868 ± 0.008	0.006 ± 0.002	0.853 ± 0.008	—	0.179 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.906	0.906 ± 0.063	0.889 ± 0.054	0.049 ± 0.095	0.879 ± 0.059	0.879 ± 0.059	0.139 ± 0.046	5	218569	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.905	0.905 ± 0.017	0.907 ± 0.017	0.098 ± 0.043	0.895 ± 0.018	0.895 ± 0.018	0.091 ± 0.031	5	100119	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.905	0.905 ± 0.048	0.873 ± 0.061	0.008 ± 0.014	0.866 ± 0.061	0.866 ± 0.061	0.181 ± 0.082	5	100119	52k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.905	0.905 ± 0.010	0.870 ± 0.017	0.018 ± 0.008	0.853 ± 0.017	0.853 ± 0.017	0.173 ± 0.027	5	9430	49k	1.1m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.903	0.903 ± 0.007	0.873 ± 0.017	0.029 ± 0.019	0.858 ± 0.016	0.858 ± 0.016	0.164 ± 0.030	5	9177	52k	2.0m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.902	0.902 ± 0.006	0.862 ± 0.009	0.007 ± 0.002	0.848 ± 0.009	0.848 ± 0.009	0.189 ± 0.012	5	16583	506k	10.2m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.902	0.902 ± 0.009	0.893 ± 0.014	0.074 ± 0.041	0.881 ± 0.013	0.881 ± 0.013	0.123 ± 0.036	5	100119	49k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.900	0.900 ± 0.012	0.865 ± 0.020	0.020 ± 0.006	0.850 ± 0.019	0.850 ± 0.019	0.180 ± 0.030	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.900	0.900 ± 0.007	0.859 ± 0.011	0.007 ± 0.002	0.845 ± 0.011	0.845 ± 0.011	0.193 ± 0.015	5	16583	49k	2.2m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.899	0.899 ± 0.005	0.858 ± 0.007	0.007 ± 0.002	0.844 ± 0.007	0.844 ± 0.007	0.194 ± 0.011	5	16583	49k	2.6m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.898	0.898 ± 0.030	0.870 ± 0.038	0.025 ± 0.022	0.861 ± 0.038	0.861 ± 0.038	0.179 ± 0.053	5	100119	52k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.897	0.897 ± 0.012	0.863 ± 0.023	0.025 ± 0.014	0.847 ± 0.022	—	0.180 ± 0.036	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.895	0.895 ± 0.016	0.854 ± 0.026	0.013 ± 0.006	0.838 ± 0.025	0.838 ± 0.025	0.196 ± 0.038	5	9430	52k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.895	0.895 ± 0.029	0.851 ± 0.046	0.007 ± 0.009	0.836 ± 0.046	0.836 ± 0.046	0.204 ± 0.066	5	16123	506k	11.8m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.895	0.895 ± 0.004	0.902 ± 0.005	0.124 ± 0.009	0.888 ± 0.005	0.888 ± 0.005	0.086 ± 0.008	5	100119	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.895	0.895 ± 0.007	0.897 ± 0.006	0.112 ± 0.041	0.884 ± 0.005	0.884 ± 0.005	0.099 ± 0.028	5	100119	49k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.894	0.894 ± 0.022	0.853 ± 0.035	0.013 ± 0.007	0.838 ± 0.034	0.838 ± 0.034	0.199 ± 0.051	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.894	0.894 ± 0.030	0.849 ± 0.049	0.007 ± 0.011	0.836 ± 0.049	—	0.206 ± 0.072	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.893	0.893 ± 0.005	0.855 ± 0.006	0.018 ± 0.004	0.840 ± 0.006	0.840 ± 0.006	0.195 ± 0.007	5	16583	49k	—
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.893	0.893 ± 0.006	0.846 ± 0.008	0.003 ± 0.001	0.832 ± 0.008	—	0.212 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.893	0.893 ± 0.015	0.848 ± 0.023	0.007 ± 0.002	0.835 ± 0.022	0.835 ± 0.022	0.208 ± 0.032	5	16583	49k	3.1m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.892	0.892 ± 0.006	0.853 ± 0.008	0.019 ± 0.004	0.838 ± 0.008	0.838 ± 0.008	0.197 ± 0.010	5	16583	49k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.892	0.892 ± 0.040	0.856 ± 0.067	0.026 ± 0.030	0.842 ± 0.066	0.842 ± 0.066	0.190 ± 0.101	5	16583	52k	1.8m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.892	0.892 ± 0.016	0.887 ± 0.015	0.096 ± 0.080	0.875 ± 0.013	0.875 ± 0.013	0.120 ± 0.055	5	100119	52k	—
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.890	0.890 ± 0.004	0.842 ± 0.006	0.003 ± 0.001	0.828 ± 0.006	—	0.217 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.889	0.889 ± 0.001	0.856 ± 0.001	0.037 ± 0.002	0.840 ± 0.001	—	0.185 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.888	0.888 ± 0.020	0.842 ± 0.029	0.006 ± 0.004	0.828 ± 0.028	0.828 ± 0.028	0.217 ± 0.041	5	16583	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.888	0.888 ± 0.008	0.840 ± 0.011	0.003 ± 0.001	0.825 ± 0.011	0.825 ± 0.011	0.221 ± 0.016	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.888	0.888 ± 0.011	0.852 ± 0.022	0.030 ± 0.019	0.836 ± 0.021	0.836 ± 0.021	0.194 ± 0.037	5	9177	506k	3.5m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.888	0.888 ± 0.057	0.879 ± 0.043	0.087 ± 0.156	0.866 ± 0.048	0.866 ± 0.048	0.136 ± 0.087	5	218569	52k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.888	0.888 ± 0.047	0.847 ± 0.076	0.019 ± 0.026	0.833 ± 0.075	—	0.204 ± 0.112	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.888	0.888 ± 0.013	0.838 ± 0.019	0.001 ± 0.001	0.824 ± 0.019	0.824 ± 0.019	0.223 ± 0.027	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.013	0.848 ± 0.024	0.025 ± 0.018	0.832 ± 0.024	0.832 ± 0.024	0.201 ± 0.040	5	9177	49k	2.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.014	0.837 ± 0.021	0.002 ± 0.001	0.823 ± 0.020	—	0.225 ± 0.030	5	—	—	—
threshold	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.886	0.886 ± 0.000	0.888 ± 0.000	0.119 ± 0.000	0.874 ± 0.000	0.874 ± 0.000	0.108 ± 0.000	5	54855	—	2s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.886	0.886 ± 0.011	0.835 ± 0.016	0.001 ± 0.001	0.821 ± 0.015	0.821 ± 0.015	0.227 ± 0.022	5	16123	49k	2.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.886	0.886 ± 0.008	0.845 ± 0.017	0.024 ± 0.011	0.829 ± 0.016	0.829 ± 0.016	0.205 ± 0.027	5	14697	506k	10.7m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.886	0.886 ± 0.000	0.928 ± 0.000	0.228 ± 0.000	0.910 ± 0.000	0.910 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	218569	—	15s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.012	0.835 ± 0.018	0.001 ± 0.000	0.820 ± 0.017	0.820 ± 0.017	0.228 ± 0.025	5	16123	49k	3.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.011	0.841 ± 0.019	0.017 ± 0.009	0.825 ± 0.019	—	0.212 ± 0.030	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.001	0.835 ± 0.002	0.006 ± 0.000	0.820 ± 0.002	0.820 ± 0.002	0.224 ± 0.003	5	9430	1.6M	29s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.008	0.833 ± 0.012	0.001 ± 0.001	0.819 ± 0.011	0.819 ± 0.011	0.230 ± 0.016	5	16123	49k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.010	0.833 ± 0.014	0.002 ± 0.001	0.819 ± 0.014	—	0.230 ± 0.020	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.037	0.835 ± 0.058	0.007 ± 0.009	0.822 ± 0.057	—	0.225 ± 0.084	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.883	0.883 ± 0.030	0.834 ± 0.048	0.007 ± 0.009	0.820 ± 0.047	0.820 ± 0.047	0.226 ± 0.070	5	16123	506k	7.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.015	0.831 ± 0.022	0.003 ± 0.002	0.817 ± 0.021	—	0.232 ± 0.031	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.015	0.834 ± 0.023	0.007 ± 0.005	0.820 ± 0.022	0.820 ± 0.022	0.228 ± 0.033	5	16583	49k	1.4m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.001	0.848 ± 0.001	0.041 ± 0.003	0.831 ± 0.001	0.831 ± 0.001	0.194 ± 0.002	5	14697	—	15s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.012	0.830 ± 0.018	0.002 ± 0.002	0.816 ± 0.017	0.816 ± 0.017	0.234 ± 0.025	5	16123	506k	8.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.004	0.836 ± 0.006	0.017 ± 0.004	0.821 ± 0.006	0.821 ± 0.006	0.220 ± 0.009	5	14697	49k	3.0m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.001	0.831 ± 0.002	0.005 ± 0.001	0.817 ± 0.002	0.817 ± 0.002	0.232 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.001	0.845 ± 0.000	0.038 ± 0.002	0.828 ± 0.000	0.828 ± 0.000	0.199 ± 0.001	5	16123	—	16s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.040	0.833 ± 0.064	0.010 ± 0.014	0.819 ± 0.063	0.819 ± 0.063	0.227 ± 0.094	5	14697	52k	2.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.004	0.832 ± 0.007	0.012 ± 0.004	0.817 ± 0.007	—	0.227 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.014	0.829 ± 0.021	0.002 ± 0.002	0.815 ± 0.020	—	0.237 ± 0.030	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.001	0.846 ± 0.001	0.042 ± 0.002	0.828 ± 0.001	—	0.197 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.012	0.827 ± 0.018	0.001 ± 0.001	0.813 ± 0.018	0.813 ± 0.018	0.238 ± 0.025	5	16123	49k	1.6m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.021	0.829 ± 0.031	0.003 ± 0.002	0.815 ± 0.030	0.815 ± 0.030	0.237 ± 0.043	5	9913	506k	3.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.007	0.827 ± 0.011	0.001 ± 0.001	0.812 ± 0.010	0.812 ± 0.010	0.239 ± 0.015	5	16123	49k	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.012	0.833 ± 0.020	0.015 ± 0.005	0.818 ± 0.019	0.818 ± 0.019	0.225 ± 0.029	5	14697	49k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.014	0.827 ± 0.021	0.001 ± 0.001	0.813 ± 0.021	0.813 ± 0.021	0.239 ± 0.030	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.032	0.828 ± 0.046	0.008 ± 0.007	0.813 ± 0.045	0.813 ± 0.045	0.233 ± 0.062	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.049	0.832 ± 0.082	0.015 ± 0.037	0.820 ± 0.080	0.820 ± 0.080	0.227 ± 0.126	5	16583	52k	2.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.008	0.824 ± 0.011	0.001 ± 0.001	0.811 ± 0.011	0.811 ± 0.011	0.243 ± 0.016	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.014	0.828 ± 0.020	0.010 ± 0.002	0.813 ± 0.020	0.813 ± 0.020	0.234 ± 0.029	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.007	0.827 ± 0.010	0.006 ± 0.002	0.814 ± 0.010	0.814 ± 0.010	0.238 ± 0.014	5	16583	49k	31s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.006	0.827 ± 0.009	0.007 ± 0.001	0.814 ± 0.009	0.814 ± 0.009	0.238 ± 0.013	5	16583	49k	36s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.010	0.838 ± 0.022	0.034 ± 0.023	0.822 ± 0.020	—	0.211 ± 0.037	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.019	0.824 ± 0.027	0.003 ± 0.001	0.811 ± 0.026	—	0.242 ± 0.038	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.037	0.828 ± 0.052	0.013 ± 0.010	0.813 ± 0.052	0.813 ± 0.052	0.232 ± 0.071	5	9315	52k	1.4m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.002	0.827 ± 0.002	0.009 ± 0.000	0.812 ± 0.002	0.812 ± 0.002	0.236 ± 0.003	5	9177	1.6M	4.3m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.011	0.834 ± 0.022	0.027 ± 0.020	0.818 ± 0.021	—	0.219 ± 0.038	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.045	0.825 ± 0.071	0.009 ± 0.013	0.811 ± 0.069	—	0.238 ± 0.102	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.016	0.824 ± 0.024	0.004 ± 0.002	0.811 ± 0.023	0.811 ± 0.023	0.243 ± 0.034	5	16583	506k	9.4m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.022	0.821 ± 0.032	0.003 ± 0.002	0.806 ± 0.031	—	0.245 ± 0.045	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.011	0.826 ± 0.018	0.014 ± 0.008	0.812 ± 0.017	0.812 ± 0.017	0.235 ± 0.026	5	14697	49k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.027	0.824 ± 0.039	0.007 ± 0.007	0.811 ± 0.038	0.811 ± 0.038	0.241 ± 0.054	5	16583	506k	6.2m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.051	0.826 ± 0.084	0.012 ± 0.031	0.813 ± 0.081	—	0.236 ± 0.126	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.017	0.821 ± 0.023	0.005 ± 0.011	0.806 ± 0.022	0.806 ± 0.022	0.244 ± 0.031	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.003	0.820 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.806 ± 0.004	0.806 ± 0.004	0.248 ± 0.005	5	16123	49k	37s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.030	0.820 ± 0.044	0.001 ± 0.001	0.807 ± 0.042	0.807 ± 0.042	0.248 ± 0.061	5	16123	52k	2.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.013	0.824 ± 0.023	0.010 ± 0.010	0.810 ± 0.022	0.810 ± 0.022	0.239 ± 0.035	5	14697	506k	6.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.012	0.820 ± 0.018	0.001 ± 0.001	0.806 ± 0.017	0.806 ± 0.017	0.249 ± 0.025	5	16123	506k	3.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.034	0.820 ± 0.049	0.001 ± 0.001	0.807 ± 0.047	0.807 ± 0.047	0.248 ± 0.069	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.014	0.821 ± 0.020	0.005 ± 0.003	0.807 ± 0.019	0.807 ± 0.019	0.245 ± 0.028	5	14697	49k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.007	0.828 ± 0.010	0.020 ± 0.004	0.813 ± 0.009	0.813 ± 0.009	0.230 ± 0.013	5	14697	506k	8.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.013	0.819 ± 0.020	0.001 ± 0.001	0.805 ± 0.019	0.805 ± 0.019	0.250 ± 0.028	5	16123	506k	6.3m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.035	0.825 ± 0.049	0.015 ± 0.021	0.811 ± 0.048	0.811 ± 0.048	0.237 ± 0.069	5	9913	52k	1.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.007	0.823 ± 0.012	0.013 ± 0.007	0.808 ± 0.011	0.808 ± 0.011	0.239 ± 0.019	5	14697	506k	6.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.006	0.824 ± 0.008	0.016 ± 0.005	0.809 ± 0.008	0.809 ± 0.008	0.237 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.003	0.817 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.804 ± 0.004	—	0.253 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.014	0.817 ± 0.021	0.000 ± 0.001	0.804 ± 0.020	0.804 ± 0.020	0.253 ± 0.029	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.014	0.821 ± 0.021	0.011 ± 0.006	0.806 ± 0.020	0.806 ± 0.020	0.243 ± 0.029	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.013	0.817 ± 0.019	0.001 ± 0.001	0.804 ± 0.018	0.804 ± 0.018	0.253 ± 0.027	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.015	0.823 ± 0.018	0.015 ± 0.008	0.808 ± 0.018	0.808 ± 0.018	0.239 ± 0.022	5	14697	506k	6.6m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.019	0.819 ± 0.027	0.008 ± 0.013	0.805 ± 0.026	0.805 ± 0.026	0.246 ± 0.038	5	9315	506k	4.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.013	0.819 ± 0.018	0.005 ± 0.001	0.806 ± 0.017	0.806 ± 0.017	0.250 ± 0.025	5	16583	506k	5.5m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.872	0.872 ± 0.014	0.816 ± 0.020	0.001 ± 0.001	0.802 ± 0.020	0.802 ± 0.020	0.254 ± 0.029	5	16123	49k	2.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.872	0.872 ± 0.018	0.817 ± 0.026	0.003 ± 0.003	0.803 ± 0.025	0.803 ± 0.025	0.252 ± 0.036	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.872	0.872 ± 0.004	0.826 ± 0.003	0.023 ± 0.013	0.812 ± 0.003	0.812 ± 0.003	0.233 ± 0.007	5	16583	506k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.872	0.872 ± 0.012	0.820 ± 0.023	0.012 ± 0.011	0.806 ± 0.021	0.806 ± 0.021	0.244 ± 0.036	5	14697	49k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.872	0.872 ± 0.012	0.815 ± 0.018	0.001 ± 0.002	0.801 ± 0.017	0.801 ± 0.017	0.255 ± 0.025	5	16123	506k	4.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.015	0.816 ± 0.025	0.007 ± 0.006	0.802 ± 0.023	0.802 ± 0.023	0.251 ± 0.036	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.050	0.822 ± 0.074	0.019 ± 0.024	0.808 ± 0.072	0.808 ± 0.072	0.238 ± 0.103	5	14697	52k	2.0m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.037	0.820 ± 0.053	0.016 ± 0.022	0.804 ± 0.051	—	0.242 ± 0.072	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.012	0.813 ± 0.018	0.001 ± 0.002	0.800 ± 0.017	—	0.258 ± 0.025	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.016	0.813 ± 0.024	0.001 ± 0.003	0.799 ± 0.023	0.799 ± 0.023	0.258 ± 0.034	5	16123	506k	5.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.015	0.815 ± 0.025	0.008 ± 0.008	0.801 ± 0.024	—	0.252 ± 0.038	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.015	0.817 ± 0.018	0.014 ± 0.010	0.802 ± 0.018	0.802 ± 0.018	0.247 ± 0.021	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.012	0.812 ± 0.018	0.001 ± 0.001	0.799 ± 0.017	—	0.260 ± 0.024	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.009	0.815 ± 0.014	0.010 ± 0.005	0.801 ± 0.014	—	0.251 ± 0.022	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.001	0.812 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.800 ± 0.002	0.800 ± 0.002	0.261 ± 0.003	5	16583	1.6M	57s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.015	0.814 ± 0.022	0.004 ± 0.001	0.801 ± 0.021	0.801 ± 0.021	0.258 ± 0.031	5	16583	506k	4.5m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.007	0.817 ± 0.013	0.012 ± 0.007	0.804 ± 0.012	0.804 ± 0.012	0.249 ± 0.020	5	16583	49k	—
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.014	0.811 ± 0.019	0.002 ± 0.002	0.797 ± 0.019	—	0.259 ± 0.026	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.056	0.817 ± 0.081	0.016 ± 0.021	0.803 ± 0.079	—	0.247 ± 0.113	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.001	0.816 ± 0.002	0.013 ± 0.000	0.801 ± 0.001	—	0.250 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.002	0.810 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.797 ± 0.002	0.797 ± 0.002	0.263 ± 0.003	5	9913	1.6M	32s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.005	0.810 ± 0.007	0.004 ± 0.001	0.797 ± 0.007	0.797 ± 0.007	0.261 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.050	0.813 ± 0.077	0.011 ± 0.014	0.800 ± 0.076	0.800 ± 0.076	0.254 ± 0.111	5	14697	52k	3.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.004	0.809 ± 0.005	0.004 ± 0.002	0.796 ± 0.005	0.796 ± 0.005	0.262 ± 0.007	5	14697	49k	42s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.015	0.808 ± 0.023	0.001 ± 0.002	0.795 ± 0.022	0.795 ± 0.022	0.265 ± 0.033	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.011	0.811 ± 0.016	0.006 ± 0.002	0.798 ± 0.015	0.798 ± 0.015	0.261 ± 0.022	5	16583	52k	2.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.005	0.808 ± 0.008	0.004 ± 0.002	0.795 ± 0.007	—	0.264 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.004	0.807 ± 0.006	0.002 ± 0.001	0.793 ± 0.005	0.793 ± 0.005	0.266 ± 0.007	5	14697	49k	33s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.014	0.807 ± 0.021	0.002 ± 0.001	0.794 ± 0.020	—	0.267 ± 0.030	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.001	0.807 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.794 ± 0.002	0.794 ± 0.002	0.269 ± 0.002	5	16583	1.6M	51s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.003	0.808 ± 0.005	0.004 ± 0.001	0.795 ± 0.005	0.795 ± 0.005	0.266 ± 0.007	5	16583	506k	2.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.017	0.810 ± 0.025	0.011 ± 0.009	0.796 ± 0.024	0.796 ± 0.024	0.258 ± 0.035	5	14697	506k	5.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.001	0.806 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.794 ± 0.001	0.794 ± 0.001	0.270 ± 0.002	5	16583	1.6M	1.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.012	0.806 ± 0.018	0.000 ± 0.000	0.794 ± 0.017	0.794 ± 0.017	0.270 ± 0.025	5	16583	1.6M	45s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.002	0.805 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.793 ± 0.002	0.793 ± 0.002	0.271 ± 0.003	5	16583	1.6M	1.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.001	0.805 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.793 ± 0.002	0.793 ± 0.002	0.271 ± 0.002	5	16583	1.6M	53s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.025	0.807 ± 0.035	0.006 ± 0.008	0.793 ± 0.034	0.793 ± 0.034	0.265 ± 0.048	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.001	0.802 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.789 ± 0.001	0.789 ± 0.001	0.272 ± 0.001	5	9315	1.6M	33s
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.017	0.803 ± 0.025	0.000 ± 0.000	0.790 ± 0.023	0.790 ± 0.023	0.272 ± 0.034	5	16123	52k	2.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.014	0.805 ± 0.020	0.004 ± 0.002	0.793 ± 0.019	0.793 ± 0.019	0.269 ± 0.029	5	16583	506k	5.9m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.001	0.803 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.791 ± 0.001	0.791 ± 0.001	0.273 ± 0.002	5	16583	1.6M	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.014	0.805 ± 0.020	0.005 ± 0.002	0.793 ± 0.019	0.793 ± 0.019	0.269 ± 0.028	5	16583	52k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.056	0.805 ± 0.086	0.009 ± 0.013	0.793 ± 0.084	—	0.265 ± 0.123	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.021	0.805 ± 0.030	0.008 ± 0.009	0.791 ± 0.028	—	0.266 ± 0.041	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.000	0.801 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.788 ± 0.001	—	0.276 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.033	0.804 ± 0.055	0.008 ± 0.018	0.791 ± 0.052	0.791 ± 0.052	0.268 ± 0.082	5	14697	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.024	0.803 ± 0.035	0.004 ± 0.002	0.791 ± 0.034	0.791 ± 0.034	0.272 ± 0.050	5	16583	506k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.001	0.799 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.785 ± 0.002	0.785 ± 0.002	0.277 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.001	0.800 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.787 ± 0.002	0.787 ± 0.002	0.277 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.012	0.800 ± 0.018	0.003 ± 0.001	0.787 ± 0.017	—	0.275 ± 0.024	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.002	0.799 ± 0.004	0.001 ± 0.003	0.785 ± 0.004	—	0.277 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.003	0.801 ± 0.005	0.006 ± 0.004	0.788 ± 0.005	0.788 ± 0.005	0.273 ± 0.009	5	14697	506k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.004	0.799 ± 0.007	0.004 ± 0.003	0.786 ± 0.006	0.786 ± 0.006	0.275 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.016	0.799 ± 0.023	0.000 ± 0.001	0.786 ± 0.022	—	0.279 ± 0.032	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.001	0.797 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.783 ± 0.001	—	0.279 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.016	0.802 ± 0.020	0.007 ± 0.009	0.789 ± 0.020	0.789 ± 0.020	0.273 ± 0.025	5	16583	52k	1.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.036	0.797 ± 0.053	0.001 ± 0.002	0.785 ± 0.050	0.785 ± 0.050	0.280 ± 0.074	5	16123	52k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.031	0.801 ± 0.046	0.009 ± 0.007	0.787 ± 0.044	0.787 ± 0.044	0.272 ± 0.065	5	14697	52k	1.8m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.002	0.797 ± 0.003	0.001 ± 0.001	0.784 ± 0.003	0.784 ± 0.003	0.280 ± 0.004	5	16123	506k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.036	0.797 ± 0.054	0.001 ± 0.003	0.785 ± 0.051	—	0.280 ± 0.076	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.031	0.800 ± 0.054	0.008 ± 0.022	0.787 ± 0.052	0.787 ± 0.052	0.273 ± 0.083	5	16123	52k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.001	0.798 ± 0.002	0.006 ± 0.001	0.785 ± 0.002	0.785 ± 0.002	0.277 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.001	0.795 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.782 ± 0.001	0.782 ± 0.001	0.283 ± 0.001	5	16123	1.6M	52s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.003	0.798 ± 0.005	0.008 ± 0.003	0.784 ± 0.004	—	0.277 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.014	0.795 ± 0.021	0.002 ± 0.001	0.783 ± 0.020	—	0.282 ± 0.029	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.000	0.794 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.781 ± 0.001	0.781 ± 0.001	0.285 ± 0.001	5	16123	1.6M	50s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.005	0.795 ± 0.008	0.004 ± 0.003	0.782 ± 0.008	0.782 ± 0.008	0.281 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.011	0.794 ± 0.016	0.000 ± 0.000	0.781 ± 0.015	—	0.285 ± 0.022	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.002	0.795 ± 0.003	0.005 ± 0.001	0.782 ± 0.003	—	0.281 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.001	0.793 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.781 ± 0.001	0.781 ± 0.001	0.286 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.030	0.801 ± 0.040	0.016 ± 0.029	0.788 ± 0.038	0.788 ± 0.038	0.270 ± 0.054	5	16583	506k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.001	0.793 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.780 ± 0.001	—	0.287 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.000	0.793 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.780 ± 0.001	—	0.287 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.012	0.793 ± 0.017	0.002 ± 0.001	0.781 ± 0.016	0.781 ± 0.016	0.286 ± 0.024	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.002	0.792 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.780 ± 0.003	—	0.288 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.066	0.832 ± 0.063	0.089 ± 0.125	0.813 ± 0.068	0.813 ± 0.068	0.199 ± 0.087	5	16583	52k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.001	0.792 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.779 ± 0.001	0.779 ± 0.001	0.288 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.033	0.794 ± 0.049	0.007 ± 0.009	0.782 ± 0.046	0.782 ± 0.046	0.281 ± 0.069	5	14697	52k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.001	0.791 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.779 ± 0.001	0.779 ± 0.001	0.289 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.068	0.796 ± 0.105	0.013 ± 0.023	0.783 ± 0.099	—	0.277 ± 0.150	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.001	0.790 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.777 ± 0.001	0.777 ± 0.001	0.291 ± 0.001	5	16123	1.6M	51s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.001	0.789 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.777 ± 0.002	0.777 ± 0.002	0.291 ± 0.003	5	16123	1.6M	53s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.012	0.789 ± 0.017	0.000 ± 0.000	0.777 ± 0.016	0.777 ± 0.016	0.291 ± 0.024	5	16123	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.013	0.790 ± 0.020	0.002 ± 0.001	0.777 ± 0.018	0.777 ± 0.018	0.290 ± 0.027	5	14697	49k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.001	0.789 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.776 ± 0.002	0.776 ± 0.002	0.292 ± 0.003	5	16123	1.6M	51s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.010	0.791 ± 0.015	0.004 ± 0.001	0.778 ± 0.014	—	0.288 ± 0.021	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.009	0.792 ± 0.011	0.005 ± 0.003	0.780 ± 0.011	0.780 ± 0.011	0.287 ± 0.015	5	16583	52k	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.001	0.789 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.777 ± 0.001	—	0.293 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.001	0.788 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.775 ± 0.001	0.775 ± 0.001	0.293 ± 0.001	5	16123	1.6M	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.853	0.853 ± 0.002	0.788 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.776 ± 0.002	0.776 ± 0.002	0.294 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.853	0.853 ± 0.030	0.791 ± 0.045	0.008 ± 0.008	0.778 ± 0.043	0.778 ± 0.043	0.285 ± 0.064	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.853	0.853 ± 0.013	0.799 ± 0.015	0.024 ± 0.037	0.785 ± 0.014	0.785 ± 0.014	0.270 ± 0.028	5	16583	49k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.853	0.853 ± 0.012	0.789 ± 0.018	0.003 ± 0.002	0.776 ± 0.017	0.776 ± 0.017	0.291 ± 0.024	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.853	0.853 ± 0.005	0.788 ± 0.008	0.002 ± 0.002	0.775 ± 0.008	0.775 ± 0.008	0.292 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.853	0.853 ± 0.001	0.787 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.775 ± 0.001	0.775 ± 0.001	0.295 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.001	0.787 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.775 ± 0.002	—	0.295 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.002	0.786 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.774 ± 0.002	0.774 ± 0.002	0.295 ± 0.004	5	14697	1.6M	46s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.003	0.787 ± 0.005	0.002 ± 0.001	0.775 ± 0.005	0.775 ± 0.005	0.294 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.048	0.794 ± 0.065	0.019 ± 0.020	0.781 ± 0.063	0.781 ± 0.063	0.276 ± 0.088	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.022	0.786 ± 0.031	0.000 ± 0.000	0.774 ± 0.030	0.774 ± 0.030	0.296 ± 0.044	5	16123	52k	1.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.002	0.786 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.773 ± 0.002	0.773 ± 0.002	0.296 ± 0.003	5	14697	1.6M	46s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.025	0.790 ± 0.029	0.008 ± 0.015	0.778 ± 0.029	0.778 ± 0.029	0.289 ± 0.036	5	16583	52k	1.2m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.050	0.797 ± 0.063	0.028 ± 0.027	0.784 ± 0.062	0.784 ± 0.062	0.271 ± 0.081	5	16583	52k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.019	0.784 ± 0.028	0.000 ± 0.000	0.772 ± 0.027	—	0.299 ± 0.039	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.001	0.783 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.771 ± 0.001	0.771 ± 0.001	0.300 ± 0.001	5	16123	1.6M	1.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.014	0.785 ± 0.017	0.005 ± 0.009	0.773 ± 0.017	0.773 ± 0.017	0.296 ± 0.021	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.002	0.782 ± 0.003	0.003 ± 0.001	0.769 ± 0.003	0.769 ± 0.003	0.300 ± 0.003	5	14950	49k	2.0m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.002	0.782 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.771 ± 0.002	0.771 ± 0.002	0.303 ± 0.003	5	16583	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.001	0.782 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.771 ± 0.001	0.771 ± 0.001	0.303 ± 0.001	5	16583	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.036	0.783 ± 0.053	0.007 ± 0.010	0.770 ± 0.050	0.770 ± 0.050	0.297 ± 0.074	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.072	0.785 ± 0.111	0.013 ± 0.019	0.773 ± 0.105	0.773 ± 0.105	0.292 ± 0.158	5	14950	52k	3.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.001	0.779 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.767 ± 0.001	0.767 ± 0.001	0.305 ± 0.002	5	14697	1.6M	45s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.001	0.779 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.767 ± 0.002	0.767 ± 0.002	0.305 ± 0.003	5	14697	1.6M	57s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.001	0.779 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.767 ± 0.002	0.767 ± 0.002	0.305 ± 0.003	5	14697	1.6M	47s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.001	0.779 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.767 ± 0.001	0.767 ± 0.001	0.305 ± 0.002	5	14697	1.6M	2.8m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.001	0.779 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.767 ± 0.002	0.767 ± 0.002	0.305 ± 0.002	5	14697	1.6M	1.1m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.000	0.779 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.768 ± 0.001	—	0.306 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.003	0.781 ± 0.005	0.007 ± 0.004	0.768 ± 0.005	0.768 ± 0.005	0.299 ± 0.007	5	14950	506k	12.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.005	0.780 ± 0.008	0.004 ± 0.003	0.767 ± 0.008	0.767 ± 0.008	0.302 ± 0.011	5	14950	506k	8.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.017	0.780 ± 0.025	0.003 ± 0.003	0.767 ± 0.024	0.767 ± 0.024	0.303 ± 0.036	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.002	0.814 ± 0.001	0.079 ± 0.003	0.794 ± 0.002	—	0.227 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.025	0.779 ± 0.037	0.002 ± 0.004	0.767 ± 0.035	—	0.305 ± 0.052	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.002	0.779 ± 0.003	0.004 ± 0.001	0.767 ± 0.003	0.767 ± 0.003	0.303 ± 0.005	5	14950	49k	3.8m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.846	0.846 ± 0.016	0.795 ± 0.016	0.036 ± 0.042	0.781 ± 0.015	0.781 ± 0.015	0.271 ± 0.030	5	16583	506k	—
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.846	0.846 ± 0.001	0.777 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.765 ± 0.001	—	0.308 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.846	0.846 ± 0.053	0.790 ± 0.075	0.026 ± 0.039	0.777 ± 0.071	0.777 ± 0.071	0.282 ± 0.105	5	16583	52k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.846	0.846 ± 0.052	0.785 ± 0.070	0.019 ± 0.018	0.772 ± 0.068	0.772 ± 0.068	0.289 ± 0.094	5	14950	52k	2.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.846	0.846 ± 0.024	0.780 ± 0.034	0.006 ± 0.002	0.767 ± 0.032	0.767 ± 0.032	0.302 ± 0.048	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.846	0.846 ± 0.003	0.789 ± 0.004	0.025 ± 0.007	0.776 ± 0.004	0.776 ± 0.004	0.283 ± 0.007	5	16583	49k	—
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.846	0.846 ± 0.063	0.779 ± 0.084	0.007 ± 0.016	0.768 ± 0.079	0.768 ± 0.079	0.302 ± 0.110	5	14697	52k	2.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.845	0.845 ± 0.072	0.781 ± 0.107	0.011 ± 0.019	0.770 ± 0.105	0.770 ± 0.105	0.298 ± 0.151	5	16123	52k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.845	0.845 ± 0.051	0.780 ± 0.072	0.008 ± 0.013	0.768 ± 0.069	0.768 ± 0.069	0.302 ± 0.100	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.845	0.845 ± 0.058	0.783 ± 0.096	0.016 ± 0.028	0.771 ± 0.090	—	0.293 ± 0.143	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.845	0.845 ± 0.001	0.775 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.763 ± 0.001	—	0.310 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.845	0.845 ± 0.002	0.775 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.763 ± 0.002	0.763 ± 0.002	0.310 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.845	0.845 ± 0.049	0.782 ± 0.080	0.014 ± 0.024	0.769 ± 0.075	0.769 ± 0.075	0.296 ± 0.118	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.845	0.845 ± 0.026	0.797 ± 0.043	0.047 ± 0.074	0.782 ± 0.038	0.782 ± 0.038	0.264 ± 0.080	5	16583	52k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.844	0.844 ± 0.074	0.781 ± 0.110	0.012 ± 0.021	0.770 ± 0.108	—	0.299 ± 0.156	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.844	0.844 ± 0.049	0.778 ± 0.070	0.010 ± 0.017	0.766 ± 0.066	0.766 ± 0.066	0.302 ± 0.095	5	16123	52k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.843	0.843 ± 0.008	0.775 ± 0.010	0.004 ± 0.003	0.764 ± 0.010	—	0.309 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.843	0.843 ± 0.006	0.773 ± 0.009	0.002 ± 0.001	0.761 ± 0.008	0.761 ± 0.008	0.312 ± 0.012	5	14950	49k	2.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.842	0.842 ± 0.024	0.773 ± 0.036	0.002 ± 0.003	0.761 ± 0.034	—	0.313 ± 0.051	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.841	0.841 ± 0.010	0.772 ± 0.015	0.005 ± 0.007	0.760 ± 0.014	—	0.313 ± 0.022	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.841	0.841 ± 0.001	0.769 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.758 ± 0.002	0.758 ± 0.002	0.318 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.841	0.841 ± 0.003	0.770 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.001	0.758 ± 0.004	0.758 ± 0.004	0.318 ± 0.005	5	16123	49k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.841	0.841 ± 0.068	0.774 ± 0.107	0.010 ± 0.024	0.763 ± 0.101	—	0.308 ± 0.155	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.841	0.841 ± 0.002	0.769 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.757 ± 0.002	—	0.318 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.841	0.841 ± 0.023	0.772 ± 0.029	0.006 ± 0.011	0.761 ± 0.028	0.761 ± 0.028	0.313 ± 0.036	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.841	0.841 ± 0.002	0.769 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.757 ± 0.002	—	0.319 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.841	0.841 ± 0.001	0.769 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.757 ± 0.002	0.757 ± 0.002	0.319 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.041	0.774 ± 0.065	0.013 ± 0.019	0.762 ± 0.061	—	0.307 ± 0.096	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.040	0.770 ± 0.058	0.004 ± 0.002	0.758 ± 0.054	—	0.316 ± 0.080	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.062	0.770 ± 0.085	0.006 ± 0.013	0.758 ± 0.080	—	0.315 ± 0.112	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.839	0.839 ± 0.004	0.770 ± 0.006	0.005 ± 0.001	0.758 ± 0.005	0.758 ± 0.005	0.317 ± 0.008	5	14697	49k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.839	0.839 ± 0.065	0.773 ± 0.104	0.014 ± 0.021	0.761 ± 0.098	0.761 ± 0.098	0.308 ± 0.151	5	14950	52k	2.2m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.839	0.839 ± 0.008	0.769 ± 0.011	0.003 ± 0.001	0.759 ± 0.011	0.759 ± 0.011	0.320 ± 0.016	5	16583	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.838	0.838 ± 0.016	0.766 ± 0.023	0.000 ± 0.000	0.755 ± 0.021	0.755 ± 0.021	0.323 ± 0.031	5	16123	49k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.838	0.838 ± 0.053	0.772 ± 0.084	0.014 ± 0.020	0.760 ± 0.079	0.760 ± 0.079	0.310 ± 0.122	5	14950	52k	2.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.837	0.837 ± 0.028	0.768 ± 0.042	0.007 ± 0.006	0.756 ± 0.039	—	0.318 ± 0.059	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.837	0.837 ± 0.026	0.766 ± 0.036	0.005 ± 0.004	0.754 ± 0.034	0.754 ± 0.034	0.320 ± 0.049	5	14950	506k	7.1m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.837	0.837 ± 0.033	0.764 ± 0.047	0.000 ± 0.000	0.753 ± 0.044	0.753 ± 0.044	0.326 ± 0.066	5	16123	52k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.837	0.837 ± 0.027	0.765 ± 0.039	0.002 ± 0.003	0.753 ± 0.037	0.753 ± 0.037	0.324 ± 0.055	5	14950	506k	7.5m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.837	0.837 ± 0.016	0.765 ± 0.024	0.002 ± 0.003	0.753 ± 0.022	0.753 ± 0.022	0.324 ± 0.033	5	14697	49k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.836	0.836 ± 0.018	0.764 ± 0.027	0.003 ± 0.002	0.752 ± 0.025	0.752 ± 0.025	0.324 ± 0.037	5	14950	49k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.836	0.836 ± 0.029	0.764 ± 0.044	0.003 ± 0.004	0.753 ± 0.041	0.753 ± 0.041	0.324 ± 0.062	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.836	0.836 ± 0.002	0.792 ± 0.001	0.065 ± 0.004	0.774 ± 0.001	0.774 ± 0.001	0.262 ± 0.001	5	14950	—	17s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.836	0.836 ± 0.071	0.766 ± 0.110	0.009 ± 0.020	0.756 ± 0.105	0.756 ± 0.105	0.318 ± 0.158	5	14950	52k	2.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.835	0.835 ± 0.031	0.762 ± 0.045	0.000 ± 0.000	0.752 ± 0.043	0.752 ± 0.043	0.330 ± 0.063	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.835	0.835 ± 0.018	0.761 ± 0.025	0.000 ± 0.000	0.750 ± 0.024	0.750 ± 0.024	0.330 ± 0.035	5	16123	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.835	0.835 ± 0.043	0.762 ± 0.062	0.001 ± 0.001	0.751 ± 0.058	0.751 ± 0.058	0.329 ± 0.087	5	14697	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.835	0.835 ± 0.006	0.764 ± 0.008	0.005 ± 0.007	0.754 ± 0.007	0.754 ± 0.007	0.326 ± 0.012	5	16583	506k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.835	0.835 ± 0.034	0.761 ± 0.050	0.000 ± 0.000	0.750 ± 0.047	0.750 ± 0.047	0.331 ± 0.069	5	16123	52k	58s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.834	0.834 ± 0.008	0.779 ± 0.015	0.041 ± 0.030	0.765 ± 0.013	0.765 ± 0.013	0.291 ± 0.030	5	16583	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.832	0.832 ± 0.023	0.757 ± 0.033	0.000 ± 0.000	0.747 ± 0.030	0.747 ± 0.030	0.335 ± 0.045	5	16123	506k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.832	0.832 ± 0.024	0.758 ± 0.036	0.002 ± 0.001	0.746 ± 0.033	0.746 ± 0.033	0.333 ± 0.049	5	14950	49k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.831	0.831 ± 0.017	0.758 ± 0.025	0.004 ± 0.006	0.747 ± 0.024	0.747 ± 0.024	0.333 ± 0.036	5	14697	506k	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.831	0.831 ± 0.043	0.760 ± 0.066	0.011 ± 0.010	0.749 ± 0.061	0.749 ± 0.061	0.327 ± 0.094	5	14950	506k	8.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.831	0.831 ± 0.024	0.759 ± 0.036	0.008 ± 0.012	0.747 ± 0.034	0.747 ± 0.034	0.330 ± 0.051	5	14697	52k	1.0m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.831	0.831 ± 0.129	0.860 ± 0.073	0.249 ± 0.298	0.827 ± 0.115	0.827 ± 0.115	0.090 ± 0.071	5	24771	52k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.830	0.830 ± 0.006	0.754 ± 0.008	0.001 ± 0.001	0.744 ± 0.007	—	0.339 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.021	0.754 ± 0.033	0.005 ± 0.004	0.744 ± 0.030	0.744 ± 0.030	0.337 ± 0.046	5	14697	506k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.828	0.828 ± 0.027	0.753 ± 0.040	0.006 ± 0.005	0.742 ± 0.037	0.742 ± 0.037	0.338 ± 0.056	5	14950	506k	5.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.827	0.827 ± 0.029	0.750 ± 0.043	0.003 ± 0.002	0.739 ± 0.040	0.739 ± 0.040	0.344 ± 0.060	5	14950	506k	6.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.826	0.826 ± 0.020	0.752 ± 0.030	0.008 ± 0.013	0.741 ± 0.028	0.741 ± 0.028	0.339 ± 0.043	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.826	0.826 ± 0.006	0.749 ± 0.010	0.006 ± 0.005	0.739 ± 0.009	0.739 ± 0.009	0.343 ± 0.014	5	14950	49k	2.4m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.825	0.825 ± 0.036	0.748 ± 0.051	0.005 ± 0.001	0.737 ± 0.048	0.737 ± 0.048	0.346 ± 0.070	5	14950	52k	2.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.819	0.819 ± 0.006	0.739 ± 0.009	0.001 ± 0.001	0.729 ± 0.008	0.729 ± 0.008	0.360 ± 0.012	5	14950	49k	32s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.817	0.817 ± 0.002	0.735 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.726 ± 0.003	0.726 ± 0.003	0.366 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.817	0.817 ± 0.001	0.735 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.726 ± 0.002	—	0.366 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.817	0.817 ± 0.008	0.734 ± 0.011	0.000 ± 0.000	0.725 ± 0.011	0.725 ± 0.011	0.367 ± 0.016	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.815	0.815 ± 0.004	0.732 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.723 ± 0.005	—	0.370 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.814	0.814 ± 0.010	0.731 ± 0.015	0.000 ± 0.000	0.722 ± 0.014	0.722 ± 0.014	0.371 ± 0.021	5	16123	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.814	0.814 ± 0.008	0.730 ± 0.012	0.000 ± 0.000	0.721 ± 0.011	0.721 ± 0.011	0.373 ± 0.016	5	16123	506k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.813	0.813 ± 0.002	0.729 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.720 ± 0.002	—	0.374 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.812	0.812 ± 0.002	0.728 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.719 ± 0.003	0.719 ± 0.003	0.376 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.812	0.812 ± 0.001	0.748 ± 0.005	0.046 ± 0.009	0.735 ± 0.004	—	0.330 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.812	0.812 ± 0.073	0.732 ± 0.095	0.011 ± 0.026	0.723 ± 0.090	0.723 ± 0.090	0.366 ± 0.122	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.811	0.811 ± 0.015	0.727 ± 0.022	0.000 ± 0.001	0.718 ± 0.021	0.718 ± 0.021	0.377 ± 0.031	5	14697	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.810	0.810 ± 0.003	0.725 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.717 ± 0.004	0.717 ± 0.004	0.379 ± 0.006	5	16123	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.810	0.810 ± 0.012	0.726 ± 0.017	0.000 ± 0.000	0.717 ± 0.016	0.717 ± 0.016	0.379 ± 0.023	5	14697	506k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.810	0.810 ± 0.007	0.725 ± 0.011	0.000 ± 0.000	0.716 ± 0.010	0.716 ± 0.010	0.380 ± 0.015	5	14950	1.6M	51s
threshold	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.810	0.810 ± 0.000	0.850 ± 0.000	0.298 ± 0.000	0.820 ± 0.000	0.820 ± 0.000	0.082 ± 0.000	5	100119	—	2s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.810	0.810 ± 0.002	0.724 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.716 ± 0.003	0.716 ± 0.003	0.380 ± 0.004	5	14950	1.6M	51s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.810	0.810 ± 0.002	0.724 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.716 ± 0.002	0.716 ± 0.002	0.380 ± 0.003	5	14950	1.6M	47s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.810	0.810 ± 0.003	0.745 ± 0.007	0.049 ± 0.009	0.731 ± 0.006	0.731 ± 0.006	0.331 ± 0.013	5	6992	49k	4.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.809	0.809 ± 0.004	0.723 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.714 ± 0.005	0.714 ± 0.005	0.382 ± 0.007	5	14950	1.6M	3.7m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.809	0.809 ± 0.004	0.724 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.715 ± 0.005	0.715 ± 0.005	0.382 ± 0.007	5	16123	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.809	0.809 ± 0.004	0.723 ± 0.006	0.000 ± 0.000	0.715 ± 0.006	0.715 ± 0.006	0.382 ± 0.008	5	16123	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.805	0.805 ± 0.001	0.718 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.709 ± 0.001	0.709 ± 0.001	0.389 ± 0.002	5	14950	1.6M	48s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.805	0.805 ± 0.063	0.739 ± 0.067	0.045 ± 0.078	0.728 ± 0.065	0.728 ± 0.065	0.345 ± 0.080	5	16583	52k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.805	0.805 ± 0.002	0.717 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.709 ± 0.003	0.709 ± 0.003	0.390 ± 0.004	5	14950	1.6M	52s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.804	0.804 ± 0.070	0.722 ± 0.091	0.013 ± 0.025	0.713 ± 0.086	0.713 ± 0.086	0.378 ± 0.116	5	14950	52k	1.9m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.804	0.804 ± 0.002	0.717 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.709 ± 0.003	0.709 ± 0.003	0.391 ± 0.004	5	14697	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.804	0.804 ± 0.003	0.716 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.709 ± 0.005	0.709 ± 0.005	0.392 ± 0.007	5	16123	1.6M	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.804	0.804 ± 0.015	0.739 ± 0.032	0.051 ± 0.028	0.726 ± 0.028	—	0.341 ± 0.055	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.803	0.803 ± 0.005	0.715 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.000	0.707 ± 0.007	0.707 ± 0.007	0.394 ± 0.011	5	14697	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.802	0.802 ± 0.005	0.713 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.000	0.706 ± 0.007	0.706 ± 0.007	0.396 ± 0.011	5	14697	1.6M	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.802	0.802 ± 0.002	0.712 ± 0.003	0.003 ± 0.001	0.703 ± 0.002	0.703 ± 0.002	0.394 ± 0.003	5	6831	1.6M	23s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.799	0.799 ± 0.070	0.835 ± 0.026	0.297 ± 0.207	0.801 ± 0.051	0.801 ± 0.051	0.105 ± 0.074	5	100119	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.798	0.798 ± 0.045	0.708 ± 0.065	0.000 ± 0.000	0.700 ± 0.061	0.700 ± 0.061	0.404 ± 0.090	5	16123	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.797	0.797 ± 0.064	0.706 ± 0.092	0.000 ± 0.000	0.698 ± 0.086	0.698 ± 0.086	0.406 ± 0.127	5	16123	52k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.796	0.796 ± 0.001	0.714 ± 0.002	0.021 ± 0.004	0.704 ± 0.002	0.704 ± 0.002	0.386 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.796	0.796 ± 0.005	0.705 ± 0.007	0.000 ± 0.000	0.698 ± 0.006	0.698 ± 0.006	0.408 ± 0.010	5	14697	1.6M	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.796	0.796 ± 0.003	0.711 ± 0.006	0.019 ± 0.012	0.701 ± 0.005	0.701 ± 0.005	0.390 ± 0.013	5	6831	506k	1.2m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.795	0.795 ± 0.005	0.706 ± 0.006	0.010 ± 0.008	0.697 ± 0.005	0.697 ± 0.005	0.399 ± 0.009	5	6831	49k	16s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.795	0.795 ± 0.021	0.727 ± 0.036	0.055 ± 0.024	0.714 ± 0.032	0.714 ± 0.032	0.355 ± 0.056	5	6992	506k	3.4m
threshold	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.793	0.793 ± 0.000	0.727 ± 0.000	0.055 ± 0.000	0.716 ± 0.000	0.716 ± 0.000	0.359 ± 0.000	5	16583	—	2s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.792	0.792 ± 0.055	0.732 ± 0.091	0.070 ± 0.124	0.718 ± 0.081	0.718 ± 0.081	0.346 ± 0.156	5	16583	52k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.791	0.791 ± 0.050	0.722 ± 0.069	0.054 ± 0.024	0.710 ± 0.064	—	0.363 ± 0.093	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.791	0.791 ± 0.031	0.741 ± 0.040	0.099 ± 0.059	0.724 ± 0.037	0.724 ± 0.037	0.319 ± 0.062	5	14950	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.789	0.789 ± 0.135	0.828 ± 0.073	0.317 ± 0.328	0.785 ± 0.117	0.785 ± 0.117	0.105 ± 0.094	5	54855	52k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.788	0.788 ± 0.007	0.716 ± 0.010	0.051 ± 0.008	0.704 ± 0.009	0.704 ± 0.009	0.372 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.788	0.788 ± 0.007	0.694 ± 0.010	0.004 ± 0.002	0.688 ± 0.009	0.688 ± 0.009	0.420 ± 0.015	5	14950	49k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.788	0.788 ± 0.030	0.708 ± 0.043	0.038 ± 0.014	0.698 ± 0.039	0.698 ± 0.039	0.386 ± 0.058	5	6831	52k	53s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.787	0.787 ± 0.002	0.700 ± 0.004	0.018 ± 0.001	0.692 ± 0.003	—	0.407 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.787	0.787 ± 0.006	0.713 ± 0.008	0.050 ± 0.005	0.702 ± 0.007	0.702 ± 0.007	0.377 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.787	0.787 ± 0.059	0.692 ± 0.084	0.002 ± 0.003	0.685 ± 0.079	0.685 ± 0.079	0.425 ± 0.115	5	14697	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.786	0.786 ± 0.004	0.751 ± 0.008	0.137 ± 0.021	0.730 ± 0.006	0.730 ± 0.006	0.291 ± 0.018	5	14950	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.784	0.784 ± 0.082	0.689 ± 0.116	0.004 ± 0.006	0.682 ± 0.109	0.682 ± 0.109	0.428 ± 0.158	5	14697	52k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.784	0.784 ± 0.035	0.714 ± 0.054	0.062 ± 0.022	0.702 ± 0.049	0.702 ± 0.049	0.370 ± 0.078	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.780	0.780 ± 0.003	0.687 ± 0.004	0.016 ± 0.001	0.680 ± 0.004	0.680 ± 0.004	0.423 ± 0.006	5	6992	1.6M	47s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.778	0.778 ± 0.002	0.734 ± 0.027	0.122 ± 0.062	0.715 ± 0.020	0.715 ± 0.020	0.321 ± 0.061	5	14950	49k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.778	0.778 ± 0.050	0.708 ± 0.071	0.068 ± 0.023	0.696 ± 0.065	0.696 ± 0.065	0.375 ± 0.097	5	6992	52k	3.9m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.777	0.777 ± 0.016	0.698 ± 0.034	0.048 ± 0.040	0.688 ± 0.029	0.688 ± 0.029	0.399 ± 0.059	5	14950	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.776	0.776 ± 0.006	0.703 ± 0.032	0.063 ± 0.057	0.692 ± 0.025	0.692 ± 0.025	0.385 ± 0.065	5	14950	49k	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.775	0.775 ± 0.002	0.674 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.669 ± 0.003	—	0.451 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.773	0.773 ± 0.019	0.675 ± 0.031	0.009 ± 0.010	0.670 ± 0.029	0.670 ± 0.029	0.444 ± 0.046	5	14950	506k	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.772	0.772 ± 0.002	0.669 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.001	0.664 ± 0.002	0.664 ± 0.002	0.456 ± 0.004	5	14950	1.6M	2.9m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.769	0.769 ± 0.005	0.665 ± 0.007	0.000 ± 0.000	0.660 ± 0.006	0.660 ± 0.006	0.462 ± 0.009	5	14950	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.768	0.768 ± 0.023	0.705 ± 0.071	0.093 ± 0.085	0.691 ± 0.060	0.691 ± 0.060	0.372 ± 0.130	5	14950	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.766	0.766 ± 0.002	0.667 ± 0.003	0.015 ± 0.004	0.661 ± 0.002	0.661 ± 0.002	0.454 ± 0.005	5	14950	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.764	0.764 ± 0.004	0.658 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.654 ± 0.005	0.654 ± 0.005	0.472 ± 0.008	5	14950	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.763	0.763 ± 0.013	0.656 ± 0.020	0.001 ± 0.000	0.652 ± 0.018	0.652 ± 0.018	0.474 ± 0.027	5	14950	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.762	0.762 ± 0.004	0.666 ± 0.004	0.026 ± 0.007	0.660 ± 0.004	0.660 ± 0.004	0.450 ± 0.004	5	14950	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.756	0.756 ± 0.010	0.653 ± 0.011	0.015 ± 0.029	0.648 ± 0.010	0.648 ± 0.010	0.473 ± 0.022	5	14950	506k	—
threshold	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.755	0.755 ± 0.000	0.682 ± 0.000	0.081 ± 0.000	0.672 ± 0.000	0.672 ± 0.000	0.409 ± 0.000	5	14697	—	2s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.748	0.748 ± 0.068	0.641 ± 0.088	0.016 ± 0.030	0.637 ± 0.084	0.637 ± 0.084	0.489 ± 0.112	5	14950	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.742	0.742 ± 0.044	0.637 ± 0.061	0.026 ± 0.021	0.633 ± 0.058	0.633 ± 0.058	0.490 ± 0.083	5	14950	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.735	0.735 ± 0.084	0.811 ± 0.034	0.470 ± 0.218	0.748 ± 0.080	0.748 ± 0.080	0.060 ± 0.051	5	24771	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.733	0.733 ± 0.117	0.803 ± 0.052	0.457 ± 0.295	0.738 ± 0.109	0.738 ± 0.109	0.077 ± 0.063	5	100119	506k	—
threshold	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.729	0.729 ± 0.000	0.611 ± 0.000	0.008 ± 0.000	0.609 ± 0.000	0.609 ± 0.000	0.534 ± 0.000	5	16123	—	2s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.727	0.727 ± 0.063	0.734 ± 0.044	0.291 ± 0.277	0.692 ± 0.032	0.692 ± 0.032	0.256 ± 0.159	5	16123	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.719	0.719 ± 0.190	0.796 ± 0.097	0.488 ± 0.442	0.702 ± 0.232	0.702 ± 0.232	0.073 ± 0.065	5	24771	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.714	0.714 ± 0.170	0.784 ± 0.075	0.474 ± 0.425	0.699 ± 0.192	0.699 ± 0.192	0.097 ± 0.087	5	100119	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.705	0.705 ± 0.056	0.710 ± 0.068	0.308 ± 0.289	0.667 ± 0.041	0.667 ± 0.041	0.283 ± 0.196	5	14697	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.700	0.700 ± 0.151	0.781 ± 0.071	0.518 ± 0.369	0.688 ± 0.201	0.688 ± 0.201	0.082 ± 0.073	5	54855	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.689	0.689 ± 0.042	0.687 ± 0.063	0.306 ± 0.248	0.648 ± 0.030	0.648 ± 0.030	0.315 ± 0.177	5	14950	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.677	0.677 ± 0.148	0.772 ± 0.070	0.582 ± 0.361	0.665 ± 0.194	0.665 ± 0.194	0.065 ± 0.067	5	100119	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.673	0.673 ± 0.134	0.771 ± 0.066	0.589 ± 0.322	0.668 ± 0.163	0.668 ± 0.163	0.064 ± 0.061	5	54855	506k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.672	0.672 ± 0.002	0.790 ± 0.002	0.647 ± 0.004	0.690 ± 0.003	0.690 ± 0.003	0.009 ± 0.000	5	54855	—	15s
threshold	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.000	0.665 ± 0.000	0.352 ± 0.000	0.629 ± 0.000	0.629 ± 0.000	0.329 ± 0.000	5	14950	—	2s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.657	0.657 ± 0.112	0.720 ± 0.025	0.482 ± 0.382	0.627 ± 0.127	0.627 ± 0.127	0.203 ± 0.165	5	16123	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.075	0.732 ± 0.018	0.523 ± 0.266	0.645 ± 0.060	0.645 ± 0.060	0.171 ± 0.118	5	16123	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.650	0.650 ± 0.152	0.762 ± 0.076	0.651 ± 0.358	0.633 ± 0.202	0.633 ± 0.202	0.049 ± 0.055	5	24771	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.650	0.650 ± 0.069	0.699 ± 0.033	0.459 ± 0.286	0.630 ± 0.031	0.630 ± 0.031	0.242 ± 0.151	5	14950	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.649	0.649 ± 0.100	0.705 ± 0.042	0.476 ± 0.375	0.616 ± 0.115	0.616 ± 0.115	0.226 ± 0.185	5	14697	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.642	0.642 ± 0.102	0.680 ± 0.058	0.441 ± 0.439	0.595 ± 0.098	0.595 ± 0.098	0.274 ± 0.241	5	14950	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.636	0.636 ± 0.072	0.717 ± 0.026	0.547 ± 0.274	0.625 ± 0.061	0.625 ± 0.061	0.182 ± 0.135	5	14697	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.624	0.624 ± 0.094	0.698 ± 0.039	0.539 ± 0.371	0.592 ± 0.120	0.592 ± 0.120	0.213 ± 0.187	5	14950	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.613	0.613 ± 0.096	0.724 ± 0.011	0.636 ± 0.322	0.593 ± 0.127	0.593 ± 0.127	0.139 ± 0.131	5	16123	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.603	0.603 ± 0.117	0.731 ± 0.050	0.744 ± 0.295	0.577 ± 0.168	0.577 ± 0.168	0.051 ± 0.062	5	54855	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.599	0.599 ± 0.084	0.712 ± 0.024	0.652 ± 0.312	0.579 ± 0.116	0.579 ± 0.116	0.149 ± 0.146	5	14697	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.519	0.519 ± 0.046	0.697 ± 0.027	0.959 ± 0.096	0.444 ± 0.087	0.444 ± 0.087	0.002 ± 0.005	5	54855	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.519	0.519 ± 0.036	0.697 ± 0.021	0.959 ± 0.076	0.446 ± 0.071	0.446 ± 0.071	0.002 ± 0.004	5	24771	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.516	0.516 ± 0.021	0.728 ± 0.004	0.956 ± 0.058	0.459 ± 0.048	0.459 ± 0.048	0.012 ± 0.017	5	14950	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.514	0.514 ± 0.021	0.727 ± 0.006	0.962 ± 0.055	0.454 ± 0.048	0.454 ± 0.048	0.010 ± 0.014	5	16123	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.513	0.513 ± 0.018	0.727 ± 0.005	0.966 ± 0.046	0.451 ± 0.041	0.451 ± 0.041	0.009 ± 0.011	5	14697	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.511	0.511 ± 0.018	0.691 ± 0.011	0.975 ± 0.039	0.431 ± 0.038	0.431 ± 0.038	0.003 ± 0.005	5	100119	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.504	0.504 ± 0.012	0.688 ± 0.007	0.991 ± 0.026	0.416 ± 0.026	0.416 ± 0.026	0.000 ± 0.001	5	100119	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.502	0.502 ± 0.007	0.725 ± 0.002	0.993 ± 0.018	0.426 ± 0.018	0.426 ± 0.018	0.002 ± 0.005	5	16123	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.502	0.502 ± 0.006	0.725 ± 0.000	0.993 ± 0.020	0.427 ± 0.018	0.427 ± 0.018	0.003 ± 0.007	5	14950	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.501	0.501 ± 0.004	0.724 ± 0.000	0.995 ± 0.013	0.424 ± 0.012	0.424 ± 0.012	0.002 ± 0.005	5	14697	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.501	0.501 ± 0.003	0.686 ± 0.002	0.997 ± 0.007	0.410 ± 0.008	0.410 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.001	5	54855	49k	—
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	100119	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.725 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	14950	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	24771	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.724 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	16123	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	218569	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.719 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	16583	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.686 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	54855	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.724 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	14697	—	0s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	100119	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.725 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	14950	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	24771	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.724 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	16123	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.686 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	54855	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.724 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	14697	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	100119	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.725 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	14950	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	24771	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.724 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	16123	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.686 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	54855	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.724 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.420 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	14697	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.719 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	16583	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	218569	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.719 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	16583	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.719 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	16583	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.719 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.000	0.418 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	16583	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	218569	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	24771	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	218569	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	5	218569	1.6M	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.499	0.499 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.406 ± 0.000	0.406 ± 0.000	0.001 ± 0.000	5	24771	—	16s

fault_grounded_global

fault_grounded_global — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	1.000	1.000 ± 0.001	1.000 ± 0.001	1.000 ± 0.001	1.000 ± 0.001	5	16980	68k	3.2m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.999	0.999 ± 0.001	0.999 ± 0.001	0.999 ± 0.001	0.999 ± 0.001	5	16980	530k	6.1m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.999	0.999 ± 0.001	0.999 ± 0.001	0.999 ± 0.001	0.999 ± 0.001	5	37620	94k	5.0m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.999	0.999 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	5	16980	69k	2.5m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	5	16980	12.0M	3.3m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.002	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	5	37620	564k	4.4m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.002	0.996 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	5	37620	92k	4.4m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.000	0.995 ± 0.000	0.994 ± 0.000	0.994 ± 0.000	5	37620	26.7M	6.3m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.002	0.993 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.003	5	68604	602k	6.7m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.001	0.988 ± 0.001	0.987 ± 0.001	0.987 ± 0.001	5	68604	—	1.1m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.005	0.988 ± 0.005	0.988 ± 0.005	0.988 ± 0.005	5	68604	124k	6.8m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.005	0.986 ± 0.005	0.985 ± 0.005	0.985 ± 0.005	5	68604	117k	5.9m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.008	0.975 ± 0.007	0.973 ± 0.007	0.973 ± 0.007	5	68604	42.9M	7.0m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.971	0.971 ± 0.000	0.983 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	5	11673	68k	3.2m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.000	0.983 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	5	11673	69k	2.5m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.000	0.982 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	5	11673	530k	6.1m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.000	0.982 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	5	10637	92k	4.4m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	10637	94k	5.0m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	5	10637	26.7M	6.3m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	5	10637	564k	4.4m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	5	11673	12.0M	3.3m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.006	0.961 ± 0.008	0.959 ± 0.008	0.959 ± 0.008	5	149780	744k	27.2m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.003	0.979 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.004	0.974 ± 0.004	5	11928	744k	27.2m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	5	11928	234k	30.0m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.027	0.953 ± 0.033	0.952 ± 0.034	0.952 ± 0.034	5	149780	234k	30.0m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.001	5	10637	—	36s
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.000	0.964 ± 0.000	0.956 ± 0.000	0.956 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	21s
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.002	0.956 ± 0.002	0.956 ± 0.002	5	11928	—	2.8m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.008	0.973 ± 0.005	0.961 ± 0.007	0.961 ± 0.007	5	10844	602k	6.7m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.003	5	11928	103.4M	33.0m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.007	0.968 ± 0.004	0.955 ± 0.005	0.955 ± 0.005	5	10844	124k	6.8m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.012	0.967 ± 0.005	0.953 ± 0.008	0.953 ± 0.008	5	10844	117k	5.9m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.021	0.947 ± 0.022	0.937 ± 0.026	0.937 ± 0.026	5	11928	211k	22.9m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.935	0.935 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.002	0.943 ± 0.002	0.943 ± 0.002	5	10844	—	1.1m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.013	0.959 ± 0.006	0.941 ± 0.009	0.941 ± 0.009	5	10844	42.9M	7.0m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.926	0.926 ± 0.006	0.919 ± 0.005	0.917 ± 0.005	0.917 ± 0.005	5	149780	103.4M	33.0m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.902	0.902 ± 0.057	0.898 ± 0.067	0.895 ± 0.067	0.895 ± 0.067	5	149780	211k	22.9m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.009	0.898 ± 0.007	0.886 ± 0.008	0.886 ± 0.008	5	149780	—	2.8m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.680	0.680 ± 0.008	0.750 ± 0.006	0.679 ± 0.010	0.679 ± 0.010	5	37620	—	36s
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.007	0.729 ± 0.006	0.644 ± 0.010	0.644 ± 0.010	5	16980	—	21s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.626 ± 0.000	0.385 ± 0.000	0.385 ± 0.000	5	68604	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.765 ± 0.000	0.433 ± 0.000	0.433 ± 0.000	5	10844	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.610 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	5	16980	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.706 ± 0.000	0.414 ± 0.000	0.414 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.611 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	5	149780	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.702 ± 0.000	0.413 ± 0.000	0.413 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.610 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	5	37620	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.698 ± 0.000	0.411 ± 0.000	0.411 ± 0.000	5	10637	—	0s

fault_grounded_line

fault_grounded_line — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	1.000	1.000 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	5	16980	51k	2.1m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	1.000	1.000 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	5	16980	509k	7.5m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	1.000	1.000 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	5	37620	51k	1.7m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.999	0.999 ± 0.000	0.999 ± 0.000	0.999 ± 0.000	0.999 ± 0.000	5	149780	51k	1.7m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.999 ± 0.001	0.999 ± 0.001	0.999 ± 0.001	5	149780	509k	6.4m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	5	37620	55k	2.3m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.003	0.998 ± 0.003	0.998 ± 0.003	0.998 ± 0.003	5	37620	509k	5.2m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	5	149780	55k	1.7m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.000	0.997 ± 0.000	0.997 ± 0.000	0.997 ± 0.000	5	16980	55k	1.7m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.000	0.998 ± 0.000	0.998 ± 0.000	0.998 ± 0.000	5	149780	3.1M	45s
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.000	0.996 ± 0.000	0.996 ± 0.000	0.996 ± 0.000	5	37620	3.1M	1.0m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.000	0.995 ± 0.000	0.995 ± 0.000	0.995 ± 0.000	5	16980	3.1M	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	5	37620	509k	4.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	5	37620	51k	1.5m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	0.995 ± 0.001	0.995 ± 0.001	5	68604	509k	5.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.003	0.995 ± 0.003	0.995 ± 0.003	0.995 ± 0.003	5	16980	55k	2.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	5	16980	55k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	5	37620	3.1M	56s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.001	0.995 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	5	16980	509k	6.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	5	37620	3.1M	53s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.001	0.995 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	5	37620	51k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	5	37620	55k	1.9m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.004	0.994 ± 0.004	0.994 ± 0.004	0.994 ± 0.004	5	68604	51k	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.002	5	16980	3.1M	1.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.004	0.995 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.003	5	16980	55k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.002	5	37620	51k	1.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.002	5	37620	509k	3.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.004	0.994 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.003	5	37620	55k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.004	0.994 ± 0.004	0.994 ± 0.004	0.994 ± 0.004	5	16980	55k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.003	5	37620	55k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.002	5	16980	55k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.002	0.993 ± 0.002	0.993 ± 0.002	5	37620	509k	3.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.003	5	37620	509k	4.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	5	149780	3.1M	59s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	5	37620	51k	60s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.006	0.994 ± 0.007	0.993 ± 0.007	0.993 ± 0.007	5	16980	55k	3.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	5	37620	3.1M	54s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.003	0.992 ± 0.004	0.992 ± 0.004	0.992 ± 0.004	5	16980	509k	5.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.004	0.994 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.003	5	37620	55k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.000	0.994 ± 0.000	0.993 ± 0.000	0.993 ± 0.000	5	149780	3.1M	1.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.000	0.994 ± 0.000	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	5	149780	3.1M	5.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	5	37620	55k	1.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	5	37620	3.1M	54s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.000	0.994 ± 0.000	0.993 ± 0.000	0.993 ± 0.000	5	149780	3.1M	1.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.003	5	37620	509k	6.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	5	37620	3.1M	54s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	5	149780	3.1M	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.003	5	37620	51k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	5	149780	51k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.002	0.993 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.003	5	16980	3.1M	59s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.003	0.992 ± 0.003	0.992 ± 0.003	5	37620	51k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	5	149780	51k	3.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.000	0.993 ± 0.000	0.993 ± 0.000	0.993 ± 0.000	5	149780	3.1M	60s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	5	149780	509k	8.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.002	0.993 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.002	5	149780	51k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.004	0.992 ± 0.004	0.992 ± 0.004	0.992 ± 0.004	5	37620	509k	3.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.002	0.991 ± 0.002	0.991 ± 0.002	0.991 ± 0.002	5	16980	51k	1.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.003	0.991 ± 0.003	0.991 ± 0.003	0.991 ± 0.003	5	16980	509k	7.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.001	5	149780	509k	5.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.002	0.993 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.002	5	149780	51k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.001	5	149780	509k	6.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.001	5	149780	51k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.000	0.993 ± 0.000	0.992 ± 0.000	0.992 ± 0.000	5	149780	509k	5.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.001	5	16980	3.1M	58s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.002	5	149780	509k	5.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.002	5	16980	3.1M	59s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.003	0.992 ± 0.003	0.991 ± 0.003	0.991 ± 0.003	5	149780	51k	1.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.002	0.991 ± 0.002	0.991 ± 0.002	5	149780	509k	4.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.003	0.990 ± 0.004	0.990 ± 0.004	0.990 ± 0.004	5	16980	509k	9.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.002	0.990 ± 0.003	0.990 ± 0.003	0.990 ± 0.003	5	16980	509k	5.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.002	0.991 ± 0.003	0.991 ± 0.003	5	149780	55k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.001	5	37620	3.1M	2.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.002	0.991 ± 0.002	0.991 ± 0.002	5	16980	3.1M	60s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.001	0.991 ± 0.001	0.991 ± 0.001	0.991 ± 0.001	5	149780	55k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.001	0.991 ± 0.001	0.991 ± 0.002	0.991 ± 0.002	5	149780	55k	2.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.003	0.992 ± 0.003	0.991 ± 0.003	0.991 ± 0.003	5	37620	55k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.003	0.989 ± 0.004	0.988 ± 0.004	0.988 ± 0.004	5	16980	509k	5.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.001	0.991 ± 0.002	0.991 ± 0.002	0.991 ± 0.002	5	149780	55k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.001	0.991 ± 0.001	0.990 ± 0.001	0.990 ± 0.001	5	68604	51k	3.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.002	0.989 ± 0.002	0.988 ± 0.002	0.988 ± 0.002	5	16980	51k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.003	0.989 ± 0.003	0.988 ± 0.003	0.988 ± 0.003	5	16980	51k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.001	0.991 ± 0.001	0.990 ± 0.001	0.990 ± 0.001	5	149780	55k	5.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.002	0.991 ± 0.002	0.990 ± 0.002	0.990 ± 0.002	5	149780	55k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.002	0.988 ± 0.003	0.987 ± 0.003	0.987 ± 0.003	5	16980	51k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.003	0.988 ± 0.003	0.987 ± 0.004	0.987 ± 0.004	5	16980	51k	3.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.004	0.990 ± 0.004	0.989 ± 0.004	0.989 ± 0.004	5	68604	509k	6.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.001	0.987 ± 0.001	0.986 ± 0.001	0.986 ± 0.001	5	16980	51k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.003	0.989 ± 0.003	0.988 ± 0.003	0.988 ± 0.003	5	68604	51k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.005	0.989 ± 0.005	0.988 ± 0.006	0.988 ± 0.006	5	68604	509k	7.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.002	0.989 ± 0.002	0.988 ± 0.002	0.988 ± 0.002	5	68604	51k	1.5m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.001	0.986 ± 0.001	0.985 ± 0.001	0.985 ± 0.001	5	68604	3.1M	41s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.001	0.988 ± 0.001	0.987 ± 0.001	0.987 ± 0.001	5	68604	51k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.002	0.987 ± 0.002	0.987 ± 0.002	0.987 ± 0.002	5	68604	51k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.004	0.987 ± 0.004	0.987 ± 0.004	0.987 ± 0.004	5	68604	509k	5.9m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.007	0.987 ± 0.007	0.986 ± 0.007	0.986 ± 0.007	5	16980	3.1M	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.005	0.986 ± 0.004	0.985 ± 0.005	0.985 ± 0.005	5	68604	55k	2.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.002	0.985 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.002	5	68604	55k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.004	0.985 ± 0.004	0.984 ± 0.005	0.984 ± 0.005	5	68604	51k	1.6m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.007	0.984 ± 0.008	0.983 ± 0.008	0.983 ± 0.008	5	68604	55k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.003	0.985 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.002	5	68604	509k	5.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.002	5	68604	55k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	5	68604	55k	1.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.006	0.984 ± 0.006	0.983 ± 0.006	0.983 ± 0.006	5	68604	509k	4.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.006	0.983 ± 0.006	0.982 ± 0.006	0.982 ± 0.006	5	68604	509k	5.2m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	5	68604	—	12s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.003	0.982 ± 0.003	0.981 ± 0.003	0.981 ± 0.003	5	68604	55k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.005	0.981 ± 0.006	0.980 ± 0.006	0.980 ± 0.006	5	68604	55k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.974	0.974 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.001	5	68604	3.1M	54s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.973	0.973 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.001	5	68604	3.1M	57s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.973	0.973 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.002	0.971 ± 0.002	0.971 ± 0.002	5	68604	3.1M	2.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.972	0.972 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.003	0.970 ± 0.004	0.970 ± 0.004	5	68604	3.1M	1.1m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.971	0.971 ± 0.000	0.983 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	5	11673	509k	7.5m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.000	0.983 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	5	11673	51k	2.1m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.000	0.982 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	5	11928	3.1M	45s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.000	0.982 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.000	0.982 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	11928	509k	6.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.000	0.982 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	10637	509k	4.7m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	5	11928	51k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	5	10637	51k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	11673	55k	1.7m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	5	11673	3.1M	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	5	10637	51k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	5	10637	55k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	5	10637	51k	1.5m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	5	11928	55k	1.7m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	5	10637	51k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.002	0.977 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	5	10637	55k	2.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.002	0.977 ± 0.002	0.977 ± 0.002	5	10637	509k	5.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.002	0.977 ± 0.002	5	10637	509k	6.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	10637	51k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	5	10637	55k	1.4m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.002	0.977 ± 0.002	5	6758	509k	1.5m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.002	0.977 ± 0.002	0.977 ± 0.002	5	6758	51k	26s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	10637	51k	60s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	10637	55k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	10637	55k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.002	5	10637	509k	4.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	10637	51k	1.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.002	5	10637	509k	3.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	10637	55k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.002	5	10637	509k	3.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	5	11673	51k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.002	5	10637	55k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.003	5	10637	509k	3.4m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	5	10637	3.1M	1.0m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.003	0.976 ± 0.003	5	6758	55k	51s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	5	10637	3.1M	2.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	5	10637	3.1M	54s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	11673	51k	3.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	5	11673	509k	9.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	5	10637	3.1M	56s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	5	10637	3.1M	53s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	11673	509k	5.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	5	11673	509k	7.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	5	11673	509k	5.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	5	10637	3.1M	54s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.003	0.980 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	5	10637	3.1M	54s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	11673	509k	5.8m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	5	6758	3.1M	30s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	11673	509k	6.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.003	0.979 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	5	11673	51k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.005	0.979 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	5	68604	3.1M	54s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.002	0.978 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.002	0.973 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.002	0.977 ± 0.002	0.973 ± 0.003	0.973 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.002	0.978 ± 0.003	0.973 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.001	5	68604	3.1M	57s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	5	11673	55k	3.6m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.002	0.977 ± 0.002	0.972 ± 0.002	0.972 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	0.973 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.003	0.979 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.003	5	11673	51k	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.005	0.978 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.004	0.974 ± 0.004	5	11673	51k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.002	5	11673	55k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.005	0.979 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.004	0.974 ± 0.004	5	11673	51k	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	0.971 ± 0.001	0.971 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	5	11673	55k	2.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.005	0.978 ± 0.004	0.968 ± 0.006	0.968 ± 0.006	5	5091	51k	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.971 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	5	11673	55k	1.7m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.002	0.973 ± 0.002	5	6853	3.1M	31s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.000	0.972 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.002	0.978 ± 0.003	0.970 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.003	0.977 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.003	5	11673	55k	1.8m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.003	0.979 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.005	0.969 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.003	0.978 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.003	0.979 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.003	5	6853	509k	1.4m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.007	0.981 ± 0.004	0.973 ± 0.005	0.973 ± 0.005	5	10844	509k	5.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.002	0.971 ± 0.002	0.971 ± 0.002	5	11673	55k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.971 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.971 ± 0.001	0.971 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.971 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.003	5	5091	55k	1.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.002	0.971 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.005	0.974 ± 0.005	0.963 ± 0.007	0.963 ± 0.007	5	5091	509k	4.1m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.002	0.978 ± 0.003	0.971 ± 0.004	0.971 ± 0.004	5	6853	51k	27s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.004	0.978 ± 0.005	0.967 ± 0.007	0.967 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.003	0.970 ± 0.003	0.970 ± 0.003	5	7154	3.1M	24s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	5	6630	51k	42s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.006	0.968 ± 0.007	0.968 ± 0.007	5	6630	509k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.002	0.970 ± 0.002	5	7154	51k	24s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.005	0.966 ± 0.006	0.966 ± 0.006	5	11928	55k	1.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.005	0.968 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.002	0.970 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.003	5	11928	509k	6.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.008	0.979 ± 0.006	0.970 ± 0.009	0.970 ± 0.009	5	10844	51k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.005	0.972 ± 0.007	0.966 ± 0.008	0.966 ± 0.008	5	11928	55k	1.8m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.004	0.975 ± 0.002	0.970 ± 0.003	0.970 ± 0.003	5	7154	509k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.003	0.969 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	5	11928	51k	1.8m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.003	0.969 ± 0.003	5	7154	55k	36s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.004	0.963 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.006	0.963 ± 0.007	0.963 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	5	11673	3.1M	59s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	5	11673	3.1M	1.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.006	0.971 ± 0.009	0.965 ± 0.011	0.965 ± 0.011	5	11928	55k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.000	0.970 ± 0.000	0.970 ± 0.000	5	11673	3.1M	59s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.003	5	11928	51k	3.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	5	11928	51k	1.8m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	5	11673	3.1M	58s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.003	0.971 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.005	0.965 ± 0.005	5	11928	55k	2.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.005	0.969 ± 0.009	0.963 ± 0.011	0.963 ± 0.011	5	11928	55k	1.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.006	0.968 ± 0.005	0.962 ± 0.006	0.962 ± 0.006	5	11928	51k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.006	0.968 ± 0.009	0.961 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.003	0.977 ± 0.003	0.969 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.004	5	6853	55k	42s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	5	11673	3.1M	60s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.006	0.969 ± 0.009	0.962 ± 0.011	0.962 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.004	0.963 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.005	0.963 ± 0.006	0.963 ± 0.006	5	11928	55k	5.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.002	0.977 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.002	0.977 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.007	0.967 ± 0.011	0.960 ± 0.012	0.960 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	5	11928	509k	5.5m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.004	5	11928	509k	5.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.004	0.962 ± 0.004	5	11928	509k	8.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.005	0.961 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.002	5	11928	51k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.002	5	11928	51k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.005	0.975 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.005	0.965 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.005	0.978 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.004	0.967 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	5	11928	509k	5.1m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.004	0.973 ± 0.004	0.966 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.003	5	11928	509k	4.5m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.005	0.973 ± 0.004	0.966 ± 0.005	0.966 ± 0.005	5	6630	55k	57s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.005	0.975 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.004	0.975 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.007	0.975 ± 0.005	0.965 ± 0.007	0.965 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.003	0.968 ± 0.003	0.968 ± 0.003	5	11673	3.1M	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.005	0.975 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.004	0.973 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.004	0.974 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.004	0.967 ± 0.004	5	6630	3.1M	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.008	0.974 ± 0.007	0.963 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.007	0.974 ± 0.005	0.964 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.003	0.954 ± 0.004	0.954 ± 0.004	5	5091	3.1M	3.7m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.004	0.954 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.006	0.974 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.005	0.964 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.008	0.973 ± 0.004	0.962 ± 0.006	0.962 ± 0.006	5	10844	509k	6.2m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.006	0.974 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.005	0.963 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.003	0.970 ± 0.003	0.956 ± 0.004	0.956 ± 0.004	5	4982	51k	38s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.002	0.952 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.002	0.952 ± 0.002	0.952 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.008	0.972 ± 0.006	0.960 ± 0.009	0.960 ± 0.009	5	10844	51k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.002	0.952 ± 0.002	0.952 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.007	0.974 ± 0.005	0.963 ± 0.007	0.963 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.004	0.973 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.003	5	10844	51k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.008	0.974 ± 0.004	0.963 ± 0.006	0.963 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.006	0.972 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.005	0.961 ± 0.005	5	10844	51k	3.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.006	0.971 ± 0.006	0.960 ± 0.008	0.960 ± 0.008	5	10844	509k	7.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.001	0.958 ± 0.001	0.950 ± 0.001	0.950 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.002	0.970 ± 0.002	0.955 ± 0.003	0.955 ± 0.003	5	4982	509k	2.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.011	0.973 ± 0.006	0.961 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.006	0.971 ± 0.005	0.959 ± 0.007	0.959 ± 0.007	5	10844	509k	5.9m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.002	0.950 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.009	0.973 ± 0.006	0.961 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.004	0.972 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.004	0.960 ± 0.004	5	10844	51k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.007	0.971 ± 0.006	0.959 ± 0.008	0.959 ± 0.008	5	10844	51k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.006	0.970 ± 0.004	0.958 ± 0.006	0.958 ± 0.006	5	10844	55k	2.5m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.002	0.953 ± 0.003	0.953 ± 0.003	5	4982	3.1M	25s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.006	0.971 ± 0.004	0.959 ± 0.005	0.959 ± 0.005	5	10844	51k	1.5m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	5	11928	—	16s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.006	0.969 ± 0.004	0.956 ± 0.006	0.956 ± 0.006	5	10844	55k	1.8m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.004	0.967 ± 0.001	0.958 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.004	0.970 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.004	0.958 ± 0.004	5	10844	55k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.002	0.956 ± 0.002	0.956 ± 0.002	5	10844	55k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.001	0.951 ± 0.001	0.951 ± 0.001	5	11928	3.1M	1.1m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.006	0.969 ± 0.004	0.954 ± 0.006	0.954 ± 0.006	5	4982	55k	42s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.002	0.951 ± 0.002	0.951 ± 0.002	5	11928	3.1M	59s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.001	0.951 ± 0.001	0.951 ± 0.001	5	11928	3.1M	5.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.002	0.951 ± 0.002	0.951 ± 0.002	5	11928	3.1M	1.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.007	0.968 ± 0.005	0.955 ± 0.006	0.955 ± 0.006	5	10844	509k	5.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.001	0.956 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.002	5	11928	3.1M	1.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.010	0.967 ± 0.008	0.953 ± 0.011	0.953 ± 0.011	5	10844	509k	5.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.001	0.955 ± 0.001	0.947 ± 0.001	0.947 ± 0.001	5	11928	3.1M	60s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.010	0.969 ± 0.007	0.956 ± 0.009	0.956 ± 0.009	5	10844	509k	4.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.010	0.967 ± 0.007	0.953 ± 0.009	0.953 ± 0.009	5	10844	55k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.005	0.967 ± 0.003	0.954 ± 0.004	0.954 ± 0.004	5	10844	55k	1.5m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	5	10844	3.1M	41s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.009	0.949 ± 0.008	0.947 ± 0.008	0.947 ± 0.008	5	149780	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.007	0.948 ± 0.006	0.945 ± 0.006	0.945 ± 0.006	5	149780	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.006	0.938 ± 0.006	0.936 ± 0.006	0.936 ± 0.006	5	149780	51k	—
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.010	0.966 ± 0.006	0.952 ± 0.008	0.952 ± 0.008	5	10844	55k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.007	0.944 ± 0.006	0.940 ± 0.007	0.940 ± 0.007	5	68604	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.003	0.938 ± 0.003	0.936 ± 0.003	0.936 ± 0.003	5	149780	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.006	0.942 ± 0.007	0.939 ± 0.007	0.939 ± 0.007	5	149780	509k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	0.936 ± 0.002	0.936 ± 0.002	5	10844	—	12s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.003	0.940 ± 0.004	0.938 ± 0.004	0.938 ± 0.004	5	149780	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.006	0.938 ± 0.009	0.936 ± 0.009	0.936 ± 0.009	5	68604	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.006	0.936 ± 0.009	0.933 ± 0.009	0.933 ± 0.009	5	68604	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.003	0.939 ± 0.004	0.937 ± 0.004	0.937 ± 0.004	5	149780	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.004	0.941 ± 0.002	0.938 ± 0.003	0.938 ± 0.003	5	68604	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.005	0.933 ± 0.005	0.931 ± 0.005	0.931 ± 0.005	5	149780	51k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.003	0.948 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.006	0.939 ± 0.007	0.936 ± 0.007	0.936 ± 0.007	5	149780	51k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.001	0.941 ± 0.002	0.941 ± 0.002	5	10844	3.1M	1.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.001	0.949 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.001	0.957 ± 0.002	0.941 ± 0.003	0.941 ± 0.003	5	10844	3.1M	2.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.001	0.950 ± 0.001	0.950 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.001	0.948 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.006	0.931 ± 0.008	0.929 ± 0.008	0.929 ± 0.008	5	149780	509k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	0.943 ± 0.001	0.943 ± 0.001	5	11673	—	11s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.003	0.955 ± 0.001	0.938 ± 0.002	0.938 ± 0.002	5	10844	3.1M	57s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.939	0.939 ± 0.002	0.957 ± 0.001	0.940 ± 0.002	0.940 ± 0.002	5	10844	3.1M	54s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.939	0.939 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.939	0.939 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.002	0.941 ± 0.003	0.941 ± 0.003	5	10844	3.1M	57s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.939	0.939 ± 0.002	0.956 ± 0.001	0.938 ± 0.002	0.938 ± 0.002	5	10844	3.1M	54s
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.938	0.938 ± 0.001	0.948 ± 0.001	0.939 ± 0.001	0.939 ± 0.001	5	10637	—	11s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.937	0.937 ± 0.007	0.928 ± 0.010	0.926 ± 0.010	0.926 ± 0.010	5	37620	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.937	0.937 ± 0.007	0.928 ± 0.009	0.926 ± 0.009	0.926 ± 0.009	5	37620	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.006	0.929 ± 0.008	0.927 ± 0.008	0.927 ± 0.008	5	37620	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.935	0.935 ± 0.005	0.930 ± 0.004	0.927 ± 0.004	0.927 ± 0.004	5	37620	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.935	0.935 ± 0.013	0.940 ± 0.013	0.936 ± 0.014	0.936 ± 0.014	5	149780	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.934	0.934 ± 0.005	0.937 ± 0.006	0.934 ± 0.006	0.934 ± 0.006	5	149780	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.931	0.931 ± 0.003	0.924 ± 0.005	0.920 ± 0.005	0.920 ± 0.005	5	68604	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.930	0.930 ± 0.008	0.933 ± 0.009	0.930 ± 0.010	0.930 ± 0.010	5	37620	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.929	0.929 ± 0.004	0.922 ± 0.006	0.919 ± 0.006	0.919 ± 0.006	5	37620	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.929	0.929 ± 0.008	0.922 ± 0.008	0.918 ± 0.008	0.918 ± 0.008	5	68604	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.018	0.933 ± 0.018	0.929 ± 0.019	0.929 ± 0.019	5	37620	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.003	0.925 ± 0.003	0.921 ± 0.003	0.921 ± 0.003	5	68604	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.003	0.918 ± 0.003	0.916 ± 0.003	0.916 ± 0.003	5	37620	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.015	0.928 ± 0.016	0.925 ± 0.016	0.925 ± 0.016	5	16980	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.004	0.923 ± 0.004	0.919 ± 0.004	0.919 ± 0.004	5	68604	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.927	0.927 ± 0.007	0.925 ± 0.008	0.922 ± 0.008	0.922 ± 0.008	5	16980	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.927	0.927 ± 0.005	0.923 ± 0.006	0.919 ± 0.006	0.919 ± 0.006	5	68604	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.927	0.927 ± 0.012	0.925 ± 0.013	0.922 ± 0.013	0.922 ± 0.013	5	16980	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.927	0.927 ± 0.008	0.917 ± 0.008	0.914 ± 0.008	0.914 ± 0.008	5	37620	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.927	0.927 ± 0.004	0.917 ± 0.005	0.915 ± 0.005	0.915 ± 0.005	5	16980	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.926	0.926 ± 0.003	0.924 ± 0.004	0.920 ± 0.004	0.920 ± 0.004	5	68604	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.926	0.926 ± 0.005	0.919 ± 0.006	0.917 ± 0.006	0.917 ± 0.006	5	37620	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.925	0.925 ± 0.007	0.916 ± 0.010	0.914 ± 0.010	0.914 ± 0.010	5	16980	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.925	0.925 ± 0.003	0.918 ± 0.004	0.915 ± 0.004	0.915 ± 0.004	5	37620	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.925	0.925 ± 0.010	0.914 ± 0.012	0.912 ± 0.012	0.912 ± 0.012	5	37620	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.925	0.925 ± 0.004	0.915 ± 0.005	0.913 ± 0.005	0.913 ± 0.005	5	16980	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.924	0.924 ± 0.008	0.914 ± 0.009	0.912 ± 0.009	0.912 ± 0.009	5	16980	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.924	0.924 ± 0.001	0.934 ± 0.001	0.930 ± 0.001	0.930 ± 0.001	5	149780	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.924	0.924 ± 0.004	0.915 ± 0.005	0.912 ± 0.005	0.912 ± 0.005	5	16980	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.923	0.923 ± 0.007	0.915 ± 0.007	0.913 ± 0.007	0.913 ± 0.007	5	16980	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.923	0.923 ± 0.001	0.934 ± 0.002	0.930 ± 0.002	0.930 ± 0.002	5	149780	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.923	0.923 ± 0.002	0.917 ± 0.003	0.914 ± 0.003	0.914 ± 0.003	5	16980	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.004	0.916 ± 0.006	0.913 ± 0.006	0.913 ± 0.006	5	37620	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.015	0.920 ± 0.017	0.917 ± 0.017	0.917 ± 0.017	5	149780	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.013	0.917 ± 0.016	0.914 ± 0.016	0.914 ± 0.016	5	16980	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.005	0.912 ± 0.007	0.910 ± 0.007	0.910 ± 0.007	5	16980	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.003	0.913 ± 0.004	0.911 ± 0.004	0.911 ± 0.004	5	16980	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.003	0.911 ± 0.005	0.909 ± 0.005	0.909 ± 0.005	5	37620	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.015	0.910 ± 0.017	0.908 ± 0.017	0.908 ± 0.017	5	16980	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.015	0.915 ± 0.016	0.913 ± 0.017	0.913 ± 0.017	5	149780	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.007	0.930 ± 0.007	0.924 ± 0.007	0.924 ± 0.007	5	68604	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.920	0.920 ± 0.008	0.908 ± 0.008	0.906 ± 0.008	0.906 ± 0.008	5	16980	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.920	0.920 ± 0.015	0.930 ± 0.013	0.925 ± 0.014	0.925 ± 0.014	5	68604	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.918	0.918 ± 0.002	0.913 ± 0.003	0.909 ± 0.003	0.909 ± 0.003	5	68604	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.917	0.917 ± 0.017	0.922 ± 0.015	0.917 ± 0.016	0.917 ± 0.016	5	68604	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.917	0.917 ± 0.010	0.904 ± 0.011	0.902 ± 0.011	0.902 ± 0.011	5	16980	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.916	0.916 ± 0.021	0.918 ± 0.023	0.914 ± 0.024	0.914 ± 0.024	5	37620	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.915	0.915 ± 0.002	0.911 ± 0.003	0.907 ± 0.003	0.907 ± 0.003	5	68604	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.915	0.915 ± 0.013	0.909 ± 0.014	0.904 ± 0.014	0.904 ± 0.014	5	68604	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.914	0.914 ± 0.012	0.901 ± 0.014	0.899 ± 0.014	0.899 ± 0.014	5	16980	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.913	0.913 ± 0.003	0.900 ± 0.003	0.898 ± 0.003	0.898 ± 0.003	5	16980	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.912	0.912 ± 0.012	0.913 ± 0.015	0.908 ± 0.015	0.908 ± 0.015	5	68604	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.912	0.912 ± 0.002	0.903 ± 0.004	0.900 ± 0.003	0.900 ± 0.003	5	37620	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.910	0.910 ± 0.002	0.907 ± 0.002	0.902 ± 0.002	0.902 ± 0.002	5	68604	3.1M	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.910	0.910 ± 0.001	0.925 ± 0.001	0.919 ± 0.001	0.919 ± 0.001	5	149780	—	16s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.910	0.910 ± 0.012	0.900 ± 0.016	0.898 ± 0.016	0.898 ± 0.016	5	149780	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.909	0.909 ± 0.011	0.898 ± 0.011	0.895 ± 0.011	0.895 ± 0.011	5	68604	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.909	0.909 ± 0.014	0.897 ± 0.018	0.895 ± 0.018	0.895 ± 0.018	5	16980	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.908	0.908 ± 0.013	0.898 ± 0.017	0.894 ± 0.016	0.894 ± 0.016	5	68604	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.908	0.908 ± 0.015	0.898 ± 0.022	0.895 ± 0.021	0.895 ± 0.021	5	149780	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.907	0.907 ± 0.002	0.908 ± 0.003	0.904 ± 0.003	0.904 ± 0.003	5	16980	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.907	0.907 ± 0.020	0.896 ± 0.023	0.894 ± 0.023	0.894 ± 0.023	5	37620	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.906	0.906 ± 0.004	0.892 ± 0.005	0.890 ± 0.005	0.890 ± 0.005	5	16980	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.905	0.905 ± 0.016	0.902 ± 0.020	0.899 ± 0.020	0.899 ± 0.020	5	37620	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.904	0.904 ± 0.006	0.913 ± 0.006	0.907 ± 0.006	0.907 ± 0.006	5	37620	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.904	0.904 ± 0.002	0.913 ± 0.002	0.908 ± 0.002	0.908 ± 0.002	5	37620	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.903	0.903 ± 0.004	0.903 ± 0.004	0.899 ± 0.004	0.899 ± 0.004	5	16980	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.899	0.899 ± 0.005	0.909 ± 0.003	0.903 ± 0.004	0.903 ± 0.004	5	149780	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.898	0.898 ± 0.019	0.884 ± 0.022	0.882 ± 0.022	0.882 ± 0.022	5	37620	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.895	0.895 ± 0.018	0.882 ± 0.021	0.879 ± 0.021	0.879 ± 0.021	5	37620	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.888	0.888 ± 0.017	0.901 ± 0.013	0.894 ± 0.015	0.894 ± 0.015	5	149780	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.011	0.882 ± 0.008	0.878 ± 0.009	0.878 ± 0.009	5	149780	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.883	0.883 ± 0.002	0.905 ± 0.002	0.895 ± 0.002	0.895 ± 0.002	5	68604	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.883	0.883 ± 0.002	0.906 ± 0.002	0.896 ± 0.002	0.896 ± 0.002	5	68604	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.011	0.856 ± 0.010	0.854 ± 0.010	0.854 ± 0.010	5	149780	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.017	0.848 ± 0.022	0.847 ± 0.021	0.847 ± 0.021	5	149780	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.017	0.861 ± 0.013	0.854 ± 0.014	0.854 ± 0.014	5	149780	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.005	0.829 ± 0.010	0.795 ± 0.008	0.795 ± 0.008	5	10844	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.853	0.853 ± 0.009	0.830 ± 0.010	0.796 ± 0.010	0.796 ± 0.010	5	10844	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.009	0.813 ± 0.020	0.781 ± 0.018	0.781 ± 0.018	5	10844	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.010	0.806 ± 0.018	0.776 ± 0.017	0.776 ± 0.017	5	10844	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.841	0.841 ± 0.008	0.813 ± 0.008	0.798 ± 0.008	0.798 ± 0.008	5	11928	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.841	0.841 ± 0.008	0.811 ± 0.007	0.777 ± 0.007	0.777 ± 0.007	5	10844	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.006	0.819 ± 0.011	0.783 ± 0.010	0.783 ± 0.010	5	10844	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.009	0.816 ± 0.012	0.800 ± 0.011	0.800 ± 0.011	5	11928	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.013	0.803 ± 0.012	0.790 ± 0.012	0.790 ± 0.012	5	11928	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.839	0.839 ± 0.014	0.807 ± 0.018	0.773 ± 0.017	0.773 ± 0.017	5	10844	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.839	0.839 ± 0.008	0.817 ± 0.006	0.781 ± 0.007	0.781 ± 0.007	5	10844	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.835	0.835 ± 0.009	0.809 ± 0.013	0.808 ± 0.012	0.808 ± 0.012	5	16980	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.834	0.834 ± 0.011	0.807 ± 0.016	0.807 ± 0.016	0.807 ± 0.016	5	16980	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.834	0.834 ± 0.024	0.859 ± 0.014	0.832 ± 0.016	0.832 ± 0.016	5	11928	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.831	0.831 ± 0.013	0.800 ± 0.017	0.785 ± 0.016	0.785 ± 0.016	5	11928	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.830	0.830 ± 0.033	0.864 ± 0.016	0.834 ± 0.025	0.834 ± 0.025	5	11928	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.002	0.798 ± 0.005	0.764 ± 0.004	0.764 ± 0.004	5	10844	509k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.009	0.866 ± 0.007	0.848 ± 0.009	0.848 ± 0.009	5	37620	—	11s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.827	0.827 ± 0.008	0.790 ± 0.010	0.757 ± 0.010	0.757 ± 0.010	5	10844	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.826	0.826 ± 0.006	0.795 ± 0.016	0.761 ± 0.014	0.761 ± 0.014	5	10844	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.824	0.824 ± 0.023	0.851 ± 0.022	0.804 ± 0.018	0.804 ± 0.018	5	10844	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.824	0.824 ± 0.010	0.789 ± 0.016	0.755 ± 0.015	0.755 ± 0.015	5	10844	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.819	0.819 ± 0.007	0.789 ± 0.010	0.754 ± 0.007	0.754 ± 0.007	5	10844	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.816	0.816 ± 0.030	0.859 ± 0.012	0.808 ± 0.014	0.808 ± 0.014	5	10844	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.814	0.814 ± 0.010	0.774 ± 0.015	0.773 ± 0.015	0.773 ± 0.015	5	68604	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.813	0.813 ± 0.009	0.782 ± 0.014	0.782 ± 0.014	0.782 ± 0.014	5	37620	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.813	0.813 ± 0.010	0.797 ± 0.018	0.778 ± 0.016	0.778 ± 0.016	5	11928	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.813	0.813 ± 0.005	0.796 ± 0.010	0.778 ± 0.008	0.778 ± 0.008	5	11928	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.811	0.811 ± 0.013	0.787 ± 0.017	0.750 ± 0.014	0.750 ± 0.014	5	10844	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.811	0.811 ± 0.007	0.771 ± 0.010	0.770 ± 0.010	0.770 ± 0.010	5	68604	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.811	0.811 ± 0.009	0.763 ± 0.014	0.753 ± 0.013	0.753 ± 0.013	5	10637	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.811	0.811 ± 0.014	0.780 ± 0.018	0.780 ± 0.017	0.780 ± 0.017	5	37620	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.811	0.811 ± 0.007	0.768 ± 0.010	0.757 ± 0.009	0.757 ± 0.009	5	10637	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.809	0.809 ± 0.005	0.790 ± 0.005	0.772 ± 0.005	0.772 ± 0.005	5	11928	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.809	0.809 ± 0.015	0.793 ± 0.022	0.774 ± 0.021	0.774 ± 0.021	5	11928	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.808	0.808 ± 0.008	0.758 ± 0.013	0.748 ± 0.012	0.748 ± 0.012	5	10637	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.808	0.808 ± 0.013	0.798 ± 0.020	0.778 ± 0.019	0.778 ± 0.019	5	11928	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.808	0.808 ± 0.008	0.763 ± 0.019	0.752 ± 0.016	0.752 ± 0.016	5	10637	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.808	0.808 ± 0.011	0.797 ± 0.011	0.777 ± 0.011	0.777 ± 0.011	5	11928	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.805	0.805 ± 0.018	0.782 ± 0.036	0.764 ± 0.031	0.764 ± 0.031	5	11673	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.803	0.803 ± 0.007	0.819 ± 0.011	0.792 ± 0.007	0.792 ± 0.007	5	10637	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.803	0.803 ± 0.017	0.787 ± 0.019	0.767 ± 0.017	0.767 ± 0.017	5	11673	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.803	0.803 ± 0.005	0.770 ± 0.014	0.757 ± 0.012	0.757 ± 0.012	5	10637	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.802	0.802 ± 0.010	0.769 ± 0.013	0.756 ± 0.012	0.756 ± 0.012	5	10637	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.799	0.799 ± 0.010	0.776 ± 0.023	0.759 ± 0.020	0.759 ± 0.020	5	11928	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.798	0.798 ± 0.004	0.749 ± 0.006	0.739 ± 0.005	0.739 ± 0.005	5	10637	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.798	0.798 ± 0.022	0.801 ± 0.046	0.778 ± 0.040	0.778 ± 0.040	5	10637	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.798	0.798 ± 0.013	0.818 ± 0.008	0.790 ± 0.010	0.790 ± 0.010	5	10637	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.798	0.798 ± 0.003	0.743 ± 0.007	0.733 ± 0.006	0.733 ± 0.006	5	11673	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.797	0.797 ± 0.005	0.747 ± 0.006	0.738 ± 0.006	0.738 ± 0.006	5	10637	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.797	0.797 ± 0.007	0.766 ± 0.016	0.751 ± 0.014	0.751 ± 0.014	5	11928	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.797	0.797 ± 0.023	0.841 ± 0.008	0.804 ± 0.016	0.804 ± 0.016	5	11928	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.796	0.796 ± 0.017	0.849 ± 0.009	0.792 ± 0.001	0.792 ± 0.001	5	10844	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.796	0.796 ± 0.005	0.737 ± 0.008	0.728 ± 0.008	0.728 ± 0.008	5	11673	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.796	0.796 ± 0.022	0.808 ± 0.018	0.782 ± 0.018	0.782 ± 0.018	5	10637	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.795	0.795 ± 0.007	0.743 ± 0.010	0.734 ± 0.009	0.734 ± 0.009	5	10637	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.794	0.794 ± 0.002	0.728 ± 0.004	0.720 ± 0.004	0.720 ± 0.004	5	11673	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.794	0.794 ± 0.003	0.741 ± 0.004	0.732 ± 0.004	0.732 ± 0.004	5	10637	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.793	0.793 ± 0.005	0.730 ± 0.005	0.721 ± 0.005	0.721 ± 0.005	5	11673	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.793	0.793 ± 0.026	0.853 ± 0.010	0.794 ± 0.015	0.794 ± 0.015	5	10844	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.793	0.793 ± 0.004	0.746 ± 0.004	0.736 ± 0.004	0.736 ± 0.004	5	10637	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.793	0.793 ± 0.012	0.766 ± 0.009	0.750 ± 0.008	0.750 ± 0.008	5	11928	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.792	0.792 ± 0.005	0.733 ± 0.006	0.724 ± 0.006	0.724 ± 0.006	5	11673	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.792	0.792 ± 0.009	0.737 ± 0.008	0.729 ± 0.008	0.729 ± 0.008	5	10637	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.791	0.791 ± 0.008	0.734 ± 0.007	0.726 ± 0.007	0.726 ± 0.007	5	10637	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.791	0.791 ± 0.012	0.741 ± 0.017	0.732 ± 0.015	0.732 ± 0.015	5	10637	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.791	0.791 ± 0.009	0.730 ± 0.006	0.721 ± 0.006	0.721 ± 0.006	5	11673	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.790	0.790 ± 0.007	0.740 ± 0.008	0.729 ± 0.007	0.729 ± 0.007	5	11673	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.790	0.790 ± 0.003	0.775 ± 0.014	0.755 ± 0.010	0.755 ± 0.010	5	11673	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.790	0.790 ± 0.014	0.764 ± 0.021	0.747 ± 0.019	0.747 ± 0.019	5	11928	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.789	0.789 ± 0.016	0.838 ± 0.009	0.799 ± 0.013	0.799 ± 0.013	5	11928	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.789	0.789 ± 0.007	0.728 ± 0.014	0.720 ± 0.012	0.720 ± 0.012	5	11673	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.788	0.788 ± 0.011	0.740 ± 0.011	0.728 ± 0.010	0.728 ± 0.010	5	11673	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.787	0.787 ± 0.009	0.725 ± 0.015	0.716 ± 0.013	0.716 ± 0.013	5	11673	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.787	0.787 ± 0.020	0.778 ± 0.014	0.756 ± 0.016	0.756 ± 0.016	5	11673	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.786	0.786 ± 0.003	0.726 ± 0.003	0.717 ± 0.003	0.717 ± 0.003	5	11673	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.785	0.785 ± 0.003	0.725 ± 0.005	0.716 ± 0.004	0.716 ± 0.004	5	11673	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.784	0.784 ± 0.010	0.728 ± 0.013	0.720 ± 0.013	0.720 ± 0.013	5	10637	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.783	0.783 ± 0.005	0.720 ± 0.007	0.712 ± 0.007	0.712 ± 0.007	5	11673	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.782	0.782 ± 0.008	0.737 ± 0.007	0.726 ± 0.006	0.726 ± 0.006	5	10637	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.781	0.781 ± 0.006	0.719 ± 0.011	0.711 ± 0.010	0.711 ± 0.010	5	11673	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.774	0.774 ± 0.006	0.766 ± 0.004	0.723 ± 0.004	0.723 ± 0.004	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.771	0.771 ± 0.006	0.763 ± 0.004	0.720 ± 0.004	0.720 ± 0.004	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.767	0.767 ± 0.001	0.694 ± 0.002	0.688 ± 0.002	0.688 ± 0.002	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.762	0.762 ± 0.004	0.688 ± 0.006	0.683 ± 0.006	0.683 ± 0.006	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.760	0.760 ± 0.003	0.758 ± 0.003	0.733 ± 0.003	0.733 ± 0.003	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.760	0.760 ± 0.002	0.760 ± 0.002	0.734 ± 0.002	0.734 ± 0.002	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.758	0.758 ± 0.018	0.771 ± 0.030	0.742 ± 0.026	0.742 ± 0.026	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.752	0.752 ± 0.002	0.797 ± 0.002	0.756 ± 0.002	0.756 ± 0.002	5	10637	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.750	0.750 ± 0.011	0.752 ± 0.021	0.726 ± 0.017	0.726 ± 0.017	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.749	0.749 ± 0.002	0.797 ± 0.001	0.754 ± 0.001	0.754 ± 0.001	5	10637	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.739	0.739 ± 0.002	0.822 ± 0.002	0.761 ± 0.002	0.761 ± 0.002	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.734	0.734 ± 0.002	0.822 ± 0.002	0.758 ± 0.002	0.758 ± 0.002	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.730	0.730 ± 0.003	0.841 ± 0.003	0.753 ± 0.004	0.753 ± 0.004	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.724	0.724 ± 0.010	0.689 ± 0.009	0.675 ± 0.009	0.675 ± 0.009	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.723	0.723 ± 0.004	0.841 ± 0.002	0.749 ± 0.004	0.749 ± 0.004	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.706	0.706 ± 0.013	0.676 ± 0.016	0.661 ± 0.014	0.661 ± 0.014	5	11928	3.1M	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.686	0.686 ± 0.009	0.755 ± 0.007	0.687 ± 0.011	0.687 ± 0.011	5	16980	—	11s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.654	0.654 ± 0.010	0.531 ± 0.013	0.531 ± 0.013	0.531 ± 0.013	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.648	0.648 ± 0.008	0.527 ± 0.009	0.526 ± 0.010	0.526 ± 0.010	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.625	0.625 ± 0.007	0.448 ± 0.011	0.447 ± 0.011	0.447 ± 0.011	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.619	0.619 ± 0.004	0.442 ± 0.021	0.441 ± 0.021	0.441 ± 0.021	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.616	0.616 ± 0.008	0.493 ± 0.010	0.491 ± 0.011	0.491 ± 0.011	5	10637	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.613	0.613 ± 0.008	0.492 ± 0.007	0.490 ± 0.009	0.490 ± 0.009	5	10637	3.1M	—
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.626 ± 0.000	0.385 ± 0.000	0.385 ± 0.000	5	68604	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.765 ± 0.000	0.433 ± 0.000	0.433 ± 0.000	5	10844	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.610 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	5	16980	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.706 ± 0.000	0.414 ± 0.000	0.414 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.611 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	5	149780	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.702 ± 0.000	0.413 ± 0.000	0.413 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.610 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	5	37620	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.698 ± 0.000	0.411 ± 0.000	0.411 ± 0.000	5	10637	—	0s

fault_grounded_local

fault_grounded_local — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.999	0.999 ± 0.001	0.999 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	5	16980	506k	6.4m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.002	0.999 ± 0.001	0.999 ± 0.002	0.999 ± 0.002	5	37620	506k	4.3m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.002	0.998 ± 0.002	0.998 ± 0.003	0.998 ± 0.003	5	16980	49k	2.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.002	0.997 ± 0.002	0.997 ± 0.002	0.997 ± 0.002	5	16980	49k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.002	0.997 ± 0.003	0.997 ± 0.003	0.997 ± 0.003	5	16980	506k	5.9m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	5	37620	49k	2.2m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	5	149780	506k	6.9m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	5	68604	506k	6.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.003	0.997 ± 0.004	0.997 ± 0.004	0.997 ± 0.004	5	16980	506k	5.9m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	5	149780	49k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.001	0.997 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	5	16980	49k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.002	0.996 ± 0.002	0.996 ± 0.002	0.996 ± 0.002	5	16980	49k	1.6m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.004	0.997 ± 0.004	0.997 ± 0.004	0.997 ± 0.004	5	16980	506k	5.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.002	0.996 ± 0.002	0.996 ± 0.002	0.996 ± 0.002	5	16980	506k	7.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	5	16980	506k	4.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.002	0.996 ± 0.002	0.996 ± 0.002	0.996 ± 0.002	5	16980	506k	5.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	5	16980	49k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	5	16980	49k	3.7m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.000	0.996 ± 0.000	0.996 ± 0.000	0.996 ± 0.000	5	149780	1.6M	35s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.003	5	16980	49k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.002	0.993 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.003	5	16980	52k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.003	5	16980	52k	1.6m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.005	0.994 ± 0.004	0.994 ± 0.005	0.994 ± 0.005	5	68604	49k	1.1m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.004	0.993 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.004	0.993 ± 0.004	5	16980	52k	1.8m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	5	149780	52k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.005	0.992 ± 0.004	0.991 ± 0.005	0.991 ± 0.005	5	16980	52k	2.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.003	0.991 ± 0.002	0.990 ± 0.003	0.990 ± 0.003	5	16980	52k	1.7m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.001	0.991 ± 0.000	0.991 ± 0.000	0.991 ± 0.000	5	16980	1.6M	1.2m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.001	0.991 ± 0.001	0.991 ± 0.001	0.991 ± 0.001	5	37620	1.6M	51s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.005	0.987 ± 0.006	0.986 ± 0.006	0.986 ± 0.006	5	16980	52k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.005	0.986 ± 0.006	0.985 ± 0.006	0.985 ± 0.006	5	16980	52k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.001	0.989 ± 0.001	0.988 ± 0.001	0.988 ± 0.001	5	37620	49k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.002	0.989 ± 0.002	0.988 ± 0.002	0.988 ± 0.002	5	37620	506k	4.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.002	0.988 ± 0.002	0.988 ± 0.002	0.988 ± 0.002	5	37620	506k	8.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.002	0.988 ± 0.002	0.987 ± 0.002	0.987 ± 0.002	5	37620	506k	5.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.003	0.988 ± 0.003	0.987 ± 0.003	0.987 ± 0.003	5	37620	506k	4.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.002	0.985 ± 0.003	0.984 ± 0.003	0.984 ± 0.003	5	16980	1.6M	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.002	5	16980	1.6M	41s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.003	0.987 ± 0.003	0.986 ± 0.003	0.986 ± 0.003	5	37620	506k	4.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.008	0.986 ± 0.007	0.986 ± 0.007	0.986 ± 0.007	5	37620	49k	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	5	16980	1.6M	38s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.005	0.986 ± 0.006	0.985 ± 0.006	0.985 ± 0.006	5	37620	49k	1.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.004	0.985 ± 0.004	0.985 ± 0.005	0.985 ± 0.005	5	37620	49k	1.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.003	0.986 ± 0.003	0.985 ± 0.003	0.985 ± 0.003	5	37620	506k	4.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	5	16980	1.6M	40s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.003	0.985 ± 0.003	0.985 ± 0.003	0.985 ± 0.003	5	37620	49k	1.0m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	5	68604	1.6M	31s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.003	0.985 ± 0.004	0.984 ± 0.004	0.984 ± 0.004	5	37620	49k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.001	0.985 ± 0.001	0.985 ± 0.001	0.985 ± 0.001	5	37620	1.6M	4.5m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.006	0.983 ± 0.005	0.982 ± 0.006	0.982 ± 0.006	5	68604	52k	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.002	5	16980	1.6M	51s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.002	0.985 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.002	5	37620	52k	3.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	5	16980	1.6M	1.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.001	0.984 ± 0.001	0.984 ± 0.001	5	149780	506k	7.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.003	0.983 ± 0.003	0.983 ± 0.003	5	37620	52k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.001	0.985 ± 0.001	0.984 ± 0.001	0.984 ± 0.001	5	37620	1.6M	41s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.003	0.984 ± 0.003	0.984 ± 0.003	0.984 ± 0.003	5	37620	52k	1.9m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.002	5	37620	1.6M	38s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.001	0.984 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.002	5	37620	52k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.001	0.984 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.001	5	37620	1.6M	34s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	5	37620	1.6M	46s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	5	37620	1.6M	35s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.006	0.982 ± 0.006	0.981 ± 0.006	0.981 ± 0.006	5	37620	52k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.005	0.982 ± 0.004	0.981 ± 0.005	0.981 ± 0.005	5	68604	506k	6.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.005	0.981 ± 0.006	0.980 ± 0.006	0.980 ± 0.006	5	37620	52k	1.3m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.019	0.981 ± 0.017	0.980 ± 0.018	0.980 ± 0.018	5	37620	52k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.008	0.982 ± 0.008	0.980 ± 0.009	0.980 ± 0.009	5	68604	506k	5.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.009	0.980 ± 0.009	0.979 ± 0.010	0.979 ± 0.010	5	149780	506k	6.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.007	0.982 ± 0.005	0.980 ± 0.005	0.980 ± 0.005	5	68604	506k	5.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.010	0.980 ± 0.011	0.979 ± 0.011	0.979 ± 0.011	5	68604	506k	5.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.977	0.977 ± 0.009	0.980 ± 0.008	0.979 ± 0.008	0.979 ± 0.008	5	68604	506k	7.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.977	0.977 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.003	0.978 ± 0.003	0.978 ± 0.003	5	68604	49k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.977	0.977 ± 0.008	0.980 ± 0.007	0.978 ± 0.008	0.978 ± 0.008	5	68604	506k	5.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.019	0.979 ± 0.016	0.978 ± 0.017	0.978 ± 0.017	5	149780	506k	6.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	5	68604	49k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.003	0.977 ± 0.003	0.976 ± 0.003	0.976 ± 0.003	5	149780	52k	2.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	0.977 ± 0.002	0.977 ± 0.002	5	68604	49k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	5	68604	49k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.974	0.974 ± 0.005	0.975 ± 0.004	0.974 ± 0.004	0.974 ± 0.004	5	149780	52k	5.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.974	0.974 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	5	68604	49k	5.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.974	0.974 ± 0.002	0.977 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.002	5	149780	49k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.972	0.972 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.003	5	149780	49k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.972	0.972 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.002	5	149780	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.972	0.972 ± 0.008	0.975 ± 0.007	0.973 ± 0.008	0.973 ± 0.008	5	68604	49k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.972	0.972 ± 0.004	0.976 ± 0.004	0.974 ± 0.004	0.974 ± 0.004	5	68604	52k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.971	0.971 ± 0.003	0.973 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.003	5	149780	52k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.971	0.971 ± 0.004	0.976 ± 0.004	0.974 ± 0.004	0.974 ± 0.004	5	68604	52k	1.7m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	11673	49k	2.1m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	11673	506k	5.0m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	5	10637	49k	2.2m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	5	11928	49k	1.3m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	11928	506k	6.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.027	0.972 ± 0.022	0.971 ± 0.024	0.971 ± 0.024	5	149780	506k	8.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.002	5	68604	1.6M	35s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.003	0.969 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.004	0.967 ± 0.004	5	68604	1.6M	35s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.020	0.970 ± 0.018	0.969 ± 0.019	0.969 ± 0.019	5	149780	52k	1.8m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.000	5	11928	1.6M	35s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.004	0.966 ± 0.005	0.964 ± 0.005	0.964 ± 0.005	5	68604	1.6M	35s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.006	0.971 ± 0.005	0.969 ± 0.006	0.969 ± 0.006	5	68604	52k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.015	0.970 ± 0.014	0.969 ± 0.015	0.969 ± 0.015	5	149780	49k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	5	11673	1.6M	1.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	11928	52k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.014	0.970 ± 0.014	0.969 ± 0.015	0.969 ± 0.015	5	149780	49k	3.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.011	0.969 ± 0.009	0.968 ± 0.010	0.968 ± 0.010	5	149780	52k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.002	5	10637	506k	4.3m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.003	0.980 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.002	5	11673	52k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	5	11673	49k	3.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	5	11673	506k	5.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	5	11673	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	5	11673	49k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	5	11673	506k	6.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	11673	506k	5.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	5	11673	49k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.004	0.963 ± 0.004	0.963 ± 0.004	5	68604	1.6M	34s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	5	11673	506k	7.0m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	5	10844	506k	6.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.002	5	11673	49k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	0.974 ± 0.000	0.974 ± 0.000	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.002	5	11673	506k	4.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.003	0.979 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.002	5	11673	49k	1.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.002	0.977 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.003	5	11928	506k	7.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.002	5	11673	52k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	5	11673	52k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.004	0.977 ± 0.006	0.972 ± 0.007	0.972 ± 0.007	5	11673	506k	5.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	5	11673	52k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.971 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	5	11673	52k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.003	0.978 ± 0.002	0.973 ± 0.002	0.973 ± 0.002	5	11673	52k	2.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.003	5	68604	52k	3.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.003	0.977 ± 0.002	0.972 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.003	5	11673	52k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.009	0.966 ± 0.010	0.963 ± 0.011	0.963 ± 0.011	5	68604	52k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.003	5	68604	52k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.007	0.966 ± 0.006	0.964 ± 0.006	0.964 ± 0.006	5	149780	1.6M	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.003	5	149780	1.6M	50s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.002	5	68604	1.6M	35s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.005	0.964 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.004	0.962 ± 0.004	5	149780	1.6M	43s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	0.970 ± 0.000	0.970 ± 0.000	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.003	0.959 ± 0.003	0.957 ± 0.004	0.957 ± 0.004	5	68604	1.6M	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.025	0.965 ± 0.021	0.963 ± 0.023	0.963 ± 0.023	5	149780	506k	5.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.005	0.962 ± 0.004	0.960 ± 0.004	0.960 ± 0.004	5	149780	1.6M	3.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.005	0.967 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.004	5	11928	52k	2.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.002	5	149780	1.6M	37s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.004	0.968 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.005	0.961 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.003	0.966 ± 0.007	0.960 ± 0.008	0.960 ± 0.008	5	11928	52k	5.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.020	0.962 ± 0.018	0.960 ± 0.019	0.960 ± 0.019	5	149780	49k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.004	0.968 ± 0.009	0.961 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.003	5	149780	1.6M	42s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.007	0.961 ± 0.005	0.959 ± 0.006	0.959 ± 0.006	5	149780	506k	3.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	5	11673	1.6M	51s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.000	5	11673	1.6M	41s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	5	11673	1.6M	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.000	0.973 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.000	5	11673	1.6M	38s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	5	11673	1.6M	1.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.005	0.968 ± 0.006	0.961 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.002	5	10637	506k	5.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.002	5	10637	506k	8.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.000	0.973 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.000	5	11673	1.6M	40s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	5	10637	49k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.005	0.965 ± 0.009	0.958 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.005	0.977 ± 0.005	0.968 ± 0.006	0.968 ± 0.006	5	10844	49k	1.1m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.002	0.972 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	5	10637	1.6M	51s
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	0.951 ± 0.001	0.951 ± 0.001	5	68604	—	9s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.003	5	10637	506k	4.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.003	5	10637	506k	4.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.004	0.973 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.004	0.962 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.007	0.965 ± 0.013	0.958 ± 0.015	0.958 ± 0.015	5	11928	52k	1.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.006	0.973 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.004	0.967 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.004	0.960 ± 0.004	5	10637	49k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.003	0.966 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.003	0.959 ± 0.003	5	10637	506k	4.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.003	0.959 ± 0.003	5	10637	506k	4.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.002	5	10637	49k	1.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.005	0.965 ± 0.005	0.959 ± 0.006	0.959 ± 0.006	5	10637	52k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.003	5	10637	49k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.031	0.963 ± 0.041	0.957 ± 0.046	0.957 ± 0.046	5	11928	506k	6.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.003	5	10637	49k	1.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.003	5	10637	52k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.003	5	10637	49k	1.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.004	0.966 ± 0.003	0.959 ± 0.003	0.959 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.003	0.966 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.003	5	10637	52k	3.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.004	0.958 ± 0.004	5	10637	52k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.003	0.957 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.006	0.971 ± 0.004	0.959 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.004	0.959 ± 0.004	0.946 ± 0.005	0.946 ± 0.005	5	6758	49k	58s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.003	0.957 ± 0.003	0.957 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.002	0.971 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.003	0.959 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.003	0.956 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.003	0.957 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.001	0.956 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.003	0.953 ± 0.004	0.953 ± 0.004	5	10844	506k	6.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.011	0.971 ± 0.007	0.959 ± 0.010	0.959 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.035	0.960 ± 0.046	0.953 ± 0.052	0.953 ± 0.052	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.003	0.957 ± 0.003	0.957 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.004	0.955 ± 0.004	0.955 ± 0.004	5	11928	52k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	0.955 ± 0.003	0.955 ± 0.003	5	10637	52k	1.3m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.003	0.956 ± 0.003	0.949 ± 0.003	0.949 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.004	0.957 ± 0.004	0.944 ± 0.005	0.944 ± 0.005	5	6758	506k	3.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.003	0.955 ± 0.004	0.955 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.014	0.970 ± 0.010	0.958 ± 0.014	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.003	0.955 ± 0.004	0.955 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.002	0.970 ± 0.001	0.958 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.008	0.966 ± 0.005	0.952 ± 0.008	0.952 ± 0.008	5	10844	506k	5.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.004	0.955 ± 0.005	0.955 ± 0.005	5	10637	52k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.010	0.966 ± 0.005	0.953 ± 0.008	0.953 ± 0.008	5	10844	506k	5.8m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.002	0.957 ± 0.003	0.957 ± 0.003	5	6853	49k	40s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.002	0.957 ± 0.002	0.957 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.003	0.955 ± 0.004	0.947 ± 0.004	0.947 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.003	0.957 ± 0.004	0.957 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	0.954 ± 0.001	0.954 ± 0.001	5	10637	1.6M	35s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.001	0.956 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.000	0.954 ± 0.001	0.954 ± 0.001	5	10637	1.6M	38s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.036	0.964 ± 0.030	0.956 ± 0.037	0.956 ± 0.037	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	5	10637	1.6M	34s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	5	10637	1.6M	46s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.006	0.968 ± 0.006	0.955 ± 0.009	0.955 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	5	10637	1.6M	41s
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.000	0.953 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	5	10844	1.6M	31s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.003	0.968 ± 0.002	0.955 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.007	0.969 ± 0.004	0.956 ± 0.006	0.956 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.006	0.969 ± 0.003	0.956 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	5	10637	1.6M	4.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.009	0.963 ± 0.008	0.949 ± 0.011	0.949 ± 0.011	5	10844	506k	7.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.012	0.963 ± 0.010	0.948 ± 0.014	0.948 ± 0.014	5	10844	506k	5.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.008	0.967 ± 0.004	0.954 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.030	0.954 ± 0.035	0.946 ± 0.040	0.946 ± 0.040	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.003	0.966 ± 0.002	0.953 ± 0.003	0.953 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.042	0.962 ± 0.035	0.953 ± 0.043	0.953 ± 0.043	5	11928	506k	6.6m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.003	0.959 ± 0.005	0.949 ± 0.006	0.949 ± 0.006	5	6630	49k	1.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.004	0.966 ± 0.003	0.953 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.004	0.967 ± 0.004	0.953 ± 0.005	0.953 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.001	0.948 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.002	5	10844	1.6M	35s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.004	0.960 ± 0.008	0.948 ± 0.010	0.948 ± 0.010	5	6853	506k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.020	0.962 ± 0.017	0.947 ± 0.023	0.947 ± 0.023	5	10844	506k	5.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.002	0.950 ± 0.003	0.950 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.006	0.963 ± 0.009	0.955 ± 0.010	0.955 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.004	0.963 ± 0.007	0.955 ± 0.008	0.955 ± 0.008	5	11928	49k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.004	0.952 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.003	0.944 ± 0.004	0.944 ± 0.004	5	10844	49k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.001	0.950 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.003	0.948 ± 0.003	5	10844	52k	1.9m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.001	0.958 ± 0.000	0.950 ± 0.000	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.002	0.950 ± 0.002	0.950 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.003	0.957 ± 0.004	0.946 ± 0.004	0.946 ± 0.004	5	6630	506k	2.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.008	0.962 ± 0.011	0.953 ± 0.012	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.001	0.958 ± 0.001	0.950 ± 0.001	0.950 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.005	0.960 ± 0.004	0.944 ± 0.006	0.944 ± 0.006	5	10844	1.6M	35s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.033	0.952 ± 0.037	0.943 ± 0.042	0.943 ± 0.042	5	11928	52k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.001	0.958 ± 0.001	0.949 ± 0.001	0.949 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.001	0.948 ± 0.001	0.933 ± 0.001	0.933 ± 0.001	5	6758	1.6M	24s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.002	0.956 ± 0.002	0.956 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.036	0.949 ± 0.032	0.946 ± 0.034	0.946 ± 0.034	5	149780	52k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.000	0.957 ± 0.000	0.949 ± 0.000	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.005	0.963 ± 0.003	0.955 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.006	0.952 ± 0.007	0.941 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.004	0.959 ± 0.003	0.943 ± 0.004	0.943 ± 0.004	5	10844	49k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.006	0.953 ± 0.007	0.953 ± 0.007	5	11928	49k	1.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.006	0.964 ± 0.004	0.955 ± 0.005	0.955 ± 0.005	5	11928	1.6M	3.4m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.002	0.947 ± 0.003	0.938 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.002	0.954 ± 0.001	0.945 ± 0.001	0.945 ± 0.001	5	11928	—	12s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.002	0.949 ± 0.003	0.949 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.005	0.947 ± 0.007	0.947 ± 0.007	5	6853	52k	55s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.002	0.955 ± 0.003	0.955 ± 0.003	5	11928	1.6M	50s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.001	0.955 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.009	0.961 ± 0.008	0.945 ± 0.011	0.945 ± 0.011	5	10844	52k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.002	0.941 ± 0.002	0.941 ± 0.002	5	10844	49k	1.5m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.008	0.950 ± 0.013	0.939 ± 0.015	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.004	0.950 ± 0.004	0.935 ± 0.005	0.935 ± 0.005	5	6758	52k	1.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.003	0.953 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.003	0.945 ± 0.004	0.945 ± 0.004	5	10844	1.6M	34s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.004	0.962 ± 0.003	0.953 ± 0.003	0.953 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.003	0.947 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.008	0.960 ± 0.004	0.944 ± 0.006	0.944 ± 0.006	5	10844	52k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.008	0.957 ± 0.006	0.940 ± 0.008	0.940 ± 0.008	5	10844	49k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.004	0.957 ± 0.002	0.941 ± 0.003	0.941 ± 0.003	5	10844	49k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.004	0.959 ± 0.003	0.950 ± 0.003	0.950 ± 0.003	5	11928	1.6M	37s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.038	0.956 ± 0.034	0.947 ± 0.041	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.004	0.956 ± 0.003	0.940 ± 0.004	0.940 ± 0.004	5	10844	52k	3.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.004	0.960 ± 0.003	0.944 ± 0.004	0.944 ± 0.004	5	10844	1.6M	35s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.006	0.950 ± 0.009	0.939 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.004	0.957 ± 0.002	0.940 ± 0.002	0.940 ± 0.002	5	10844	49k	5.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.004	0.962 ± 0.003	0.953 ± 0.004	0.953 ± 0.004	5	11928	1.6M	42s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.004	0.943 ± 0.005	0.943 ± 0.005	5	10844	1.6M	35s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.002	0.953 ± 0.003	0.953 ± 0.003	5	11928	1.6M	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.005	0.959 ± 0.002	0.950 ± 0.003	0.950 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.005	0.956 ± 0.007	0.947 ± 0.008	0.947 ± 0.008	5	11928	49k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.003	0.941 ± 0.004	0.941 ± 0.004	5	10844	1.6M	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.010	0.958 ± 0.008	0.941 ± 0.011	0.941 ± 0.011	5	10844	52k	1.6m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.007	0.960 ± 0.003	0.944 ± 0.005	0.944 ± 0.005	5	10844	52k	1.3m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.001	0.947 ± 0.001	0.935 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.001	0.956 ± 0.001	0.942 ± 0.002	0.942 ± 0.002	5	6853	1.6M	21s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.939	0.939 ± 0.005	0.958 ± 0.003	0.949 ± 0.004	0.949 ± 0.004	5	11928	1.6M	43s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.939	0.939 ± 0.003	0.943 ± 0.004	0.935 ± 0.004	0.935 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.939	0.939 ± 0.006	0.957 ± 0.004	0.940 ± 0.005	0.940 ± 0.005	5	10844	52k	1.7m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.939	0.939 ± 0.006	0.941 ± 0.005	0.932 ± 0.006	0.932 ± 0.006	5	7154	49k	40s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.938	0.938 ± 0.006	0.954 ± 0.009	0.944 ± 0.011	0.944 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.938	0.938 ± 0.039	0.954 ± 0.033	0.944 ± 0.040	0.944 ± 0.040	5	10637	52k	1.3m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.938	0.938 ± 0.001	0.939 ± 0.001	0.930 ± 0.001	0.930 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.024	0.951 ± 0.029	0.941 ± 0.033	0.941 ± 0.033	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.010	0.939 ± 0.010	0.936 ± 0.011	0.936 ± 0.011	5	149780	49k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.002	0.947 ± 0.002	0.927 ± 0.002	0.927 ± 0.002	5	10844	—	9s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.049	0.953 ± 0.042	0.943 ± 0.051	0.943 ± 0.051	5	11928	506k	8.5m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.004	0.951 ± 0.004	0.939 ± 0.004	0.939 ± 0.004	5	6630	52k	2.1m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.001	0.933 ± 0.001	0.933 ± 0.001	5	6630	1.6M	56s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.004	0.939 ± 0.005	0.929 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.935	0.935 ± 0.005	0.937 ± 0.004	0.927 ± 0.005	0.927 ± 0.005	5	7154	506k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.935	0.935 ± 0.026	0.949 ± 0.030	0.939 ± 0.034	0.939 ± 0.034	5	11928	49k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.934	0.934 ± 0.010	0.937 ± 0.009	0.934 ± 0.009	0.934 ± 0.009	5	149780	49k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.934	0.934 ± 0.002	0.930 ± 0.002	0.920 ± 0.003	0.920 ± 0.003	5	7154	1.6M	23s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.934	0.934 ± 0.032	0.951 ± 0.035	0.941 ± 0.040	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.933	0.933 ± 0.007	0.933 ± 0.008	0.930 ± 0.008	0.930 ± 0.008	5	149780	506k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.931	0.931 ± 0.032	0.948 ± 0.034	0.938 ± 0.040	0.938 ± 0.040	5	11928	49k	3.3m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.931	0.931 ± 0.004	0.943 ± 0.006	0.920 ± 0.008	0.920 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.927	0.927 ± 0.012	0.933 ± 0.013	0.930 ± 0.013	0.930 ± 0.013	5	16980	49k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.927	0.927 ± 0.048	0.940 ± 0.051	0.928 ± 0.058	0.928 ± 0.058	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.927	0.927 ± 0.003	0.939 ± 0.002	0.918 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.926	0.926 ± 0.003	0.939 ± 0.006	0.918 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.926	0.926 ± 0.002	0.929 ± 0.001	0.918 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.926	0.926 ± 0.004	0.940 ± 0.002	0.914 ± 0.003	0.914 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.925	0.925 ± 0.007	0.942 ± 0.006	0.928 ± 0.008	0.928 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.923	0.923 ± 0.008	0.940 ± 0.009	0.925 ± 0.011	0.925 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.923	0.923 ± 0.009	0.925 ± 0.009	0.913 ± 0.010	0.913 ± 0.010	5	7154	52k	48s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.923	0.923 ± 0.014	0.924 ± 0.013	0.921 ± 0.014	0.921 ± 0.014	5	149780	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.006	0.930 ± 0.007	0.925 ± 0.007	0.925 ± 0.007	5	16980	49k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.005	0.936 ± 0.004	0.910 ± 0.005	0.910 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.045	0.943 ± 0.035	0.930 ± 0.043	0.930 ± 0.043	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.002	0.936 ± 0.001	0.923 ± 0.002	0.923 ± 0.002	5	11673	—	9s
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.002	0.932 ± 0.003	0.920 ± 0.003	0.920 ± 0.003	5	10637	—	8s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.030	0.936 ± 0.034	0.923 ± 0.039	0.923 ± 0.039	5	11928	49k	1.3m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.004	0.948 ± 0.002	0.923 ± 0.003	0.923 ± 0.003	5	4982	49k	36s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.001	0.924 ± 0.003	0.895 ± 0.004	0.895 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.005	0.927 ± 0.006	0.915 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.029	0.934 ± 0.035	0.922 ± 0.040	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.006	0.945 ± 0.008	0.918 ± 0.010	0.918 ± 0.010	5	4982	506k	2.1m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.920	0.920 ± 0.002	0.936 ± 0.005	0.913 ± 0.005	0.913 ± 0.005	5	5091	506k	2.3m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.920	0.920 ± 0.013	0.925 ± 0.013	0.921 ± 0.013	0.921 ± 0.013	5	16980	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.920	0.920 ± 0.013	0.926 ± 0.014	0.922 ± 0.015	0.922 ± 0.015	5	37620	49k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.920	0.920 ± 0.048	0.942 ± 0.038	0.929 ± 0.047	0.929 ± 0.047	5	11928	506k	5.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.920	0.920 ± 0.056	0.934 ± 0.055	0.922 ± 0.063	0.922 ± 0.063	5	11928	52k	1.4m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.919	0.919 ± 0.006	0.936 ± 0.003	0.912 ± 0.005	0.912 ± 0.005	5	5091	49k	53s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.918	0.918 ± 0.007	0.924 ± 0.010	0.920 ± 0.010	0.920 ± 0.010	5	37620	49k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.917	0.917 ± 0.002	0.920 ± 0.003	0.895 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.917	0.917 ± 0.005	0.936 ± 0.005	0.920 ± 0.006	0.920 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.916	0.916 ± 0.010	0.934 ± 0.009	0.927 ± 0.010	0.927 ± 0.010	5	68604	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.916	0.916 ± 0.009	0.920 ± 0.010	0.916 ± 0.010	0.916 ± 0.010	5	37620	506k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.915	0.915 ± 0.002	0.939 ± 0.004	0.911 ± 0.005	0.911 ± 0.005	5	4982	52k	49s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.914	0.914 ± 0.008	0.924 ± 0.005	0.918 ± 0.005	0.918 ± 0.005	5	68604	49k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.914	0.914 ± 0.007	0.929 ± 0.010	0.905 ± 0.012	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.914	0.914 ± 0.013	0.932 ± 0.010	0.925 ± 0.011	0.925 ± 0.011	5	68604	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.913	0.913 ± 0.007	0.924 ± 0.007	0.918 ± 0.007	0.918 ± 0.007	5	68604	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.911	0.911 ± 0.003	0.921 ± 0.004	0.914 ± 0.004	0.914 ± 0.004	5	68604	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.911	0.911 ± 0.009	0.931 ± 0.007	0.923 ± 0.008	0.923 ± 0.008	5	68604	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.910	0.910 ± 0.010	0.927 ± 0.008	0.920 ± 0.009	0.920 ± 0.009	5	68604	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.910	0.910 ± 0.016	0.930 ± 0.012	0.922 ± 0.014	0.922 ± 0.014	5	68604	49k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.909	0.909 ± 0.002	0.914 ± 0.002	0.886 ± 0.002	0.886 ± 0.002	5	5091	1.6M	40s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.908	0.908 ± 0.006	0.927 ± 0.006	0.900 ± 0.008	0.900 ± 0.008	5	5091	52k	45s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.908	0.908 ± 0.002	0.927 ± 0.003	0.896 ± 0.004	0.896 ± 0.004	5	4982	1.6M	17s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.908	0.908 ± 0.012	0.924 ± 0.010	0.918 ± 0.011	0.918 ± 0.011	5	16980	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.908	0.908 ± 0.006	0.912 ± 0.007	0.908 ± 0.007	0.908 ± 0.007	5	16980	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.907	0.907 ± 0.011	0.918 ± 0.008	0.911 ± 0.009	0.911 ± 0.009	5	68604	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.907	0.907 ± 0.013	0.923 ± 0.010	0.917 ± 0.012	0.917 ± 0.012	5	16980	506k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.906	0.906 ± 0.001	0.923 ± 0.001	0.904 ± 0.001	0.904 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.905	0.905 ± 0.005	0.923 ± 0.004	0.915 ± 0.004	0.915 ± 0.004	5	68604	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.904	0.904 ± 0.011	0.923 ± 0.009	0.915 ± 0.010	0.915 ± 0.010	5	68604	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.903	0.903 ± 0.008	0.907 ± 0.006	0.903 ± 0.006	0.903 ± 0.006	5	37620	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.903	0.903 ± 0.009	0.921 ± 0.008	0.914 ± 0.009	0.914 ± 0.009	5	16980	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.901	0.901 ± 0.002	0.906 ± 0.002	0.901 ± 0.002	0.901 ± 0.002	5	149780	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.900	0.900 ± 0.002	0.906 ± 0.002	0.901 ± 0.002	0.901 ± 0.002	5	149780	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.898	0.898 ± 0.010	0.916 ± 0.011	0.909 ± 0.012	0.909 ± 0.012	5	16980	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.896	0.896 ± 0.007	0.915 ± 0.009	0.906 ± 0.009	0.906 ± 0.009	5	68604	506k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.896	0.896 ± 0.009	0.903 ± 0.025	0.886 ± 0.025	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.896	0.896 ± 0.007	0.904 ± 0.021	0.888 ± 0.020	0.888 ± 0.020	5	11928	506k	3.3m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.895	0.895 ± 0.003	0.915 ± 0.003	0.906 ± 0.003	0.906 ± 0.003	5	68604	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.893	0.893 ± 0.019	0.912 ± 0.015	0.904 ± 0.017	0.904 ± 0.017	5	37620	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.893	0.893 ± 0.016	0.912 ± 0.012	0.904 ± 0.014	0.904 ± 0.014	5	37620	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.892	0.892 ± 0.002	0.911 ± 0.001	0.903 ± 0.001	0.903 ± 0.001	5	16980	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.892	0.892 ± 0.006	0.908 ± 0.007	0.901 ± 0.007	0.901 ± 0.007	5	16980	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.891	0.891 ± 0.002	0.910 ± 0.002	0.901 ± 0.002	0.901 ± 0.002	5	68604	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.890	0.890 ± 0.012	0.904 ± 0.010	0.897 ± 0.011	0.897 ± 0.011	5	149780	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.005	0.909 ± 0.003	0.899 ± 0.003	0.899 ± 0.003	5	68604	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.004	0.911 ± 0.003	0.900 ± 0.004	0.900 ± 0.004	5	68604	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.006	0.892 ± 0.004	0.886 ± 0.005	0.886 ± 0.005	5	149780	52k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.002	0.903 ± 0.002	0.895 ± 0.002	0.895 ± 0.002	5	149780	—	12s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.009	0.905 ± 0.007	0.895 ± 0.008	0.895 ± 0.008	5	37620	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.010	0.905 ± 0.009	0.894 ± 0.011	0.894 ± 0.011	5	68604	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.008	0.887 ± 0.011	0.881 ± 0.011	0.881 ± 0.011	5	149780	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.009	0.902 ± 0.009	0.893 ± 0.010	0.893 ± 0.010	5	37620	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.012	0.900 ± 0.009	0.890 ± 0.011	0.890 ± 0.011	5	16980	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.008	0.896 ± 0.006	0.888 ± 0.007	0.888 ± 0.007	5	16980	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.011	0.905 ± 0.009	0.893 ± 0.010	0.893 ± 0.010	5	68604	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.002	0.896 ± 0.002	0.886 ± 0.003	0.886 ± 0.003	5	68604	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.005	0.892 ± 0.007	0.884 ± 0.007	0.884 ± 0.007	5	149780	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.005	0.895 ± 0.006	0.885 ± 0.006	0.885 ± 0.006	5	37620	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.872	0.872 ± 0.011	0.888 ± 0.010	0.880 ± 0.011	0.880 ± 0.011	5	16980	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.005	0.896 ± 0.006	0.885 ± 0.006	0.885 ± 0.006	5	16980	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.003	0.885 ± 0.005	0.877 ± 0.004	0.877 ± 0.004	5	149780	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.001	0.888 ± 0.001	0.878 ± 0.001	0.878 ± 0.001	5	68604	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.009	0.883 ± 0.010	0.876 ± 0.010	0.876 ± 0.010	5	149780	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.022	0.889 ± 0.016	0.880 ± 0.019	0.880 ± 0.019	5	16980	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.016	0.893 ± 0.012	0.883 ± 0.015	0.883 ± 0.015	5	37620	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.002	0.893 ± 0.001	0.883 ± 0.002	0.883 ± 0.002	5	37620	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.010	0.893 ± 0.010	0.882 ± 0.011	0.882 ± 0.011	5	16980	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.015	0.881 ± 0.011	0.870 ± 0.013	0.870 ± 0.013	5	37620	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.004	0.879 ± 0.004	0.868 ± 0.004	0.868 ± 0.004	5	16980	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.016	0.884 ± 0.013	0.872 ± 0.015	0.872 ± 0.015	5	37620	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.015	0.876 ± 0.011	0.865 ± 0.013	0.865 ± 0.013	5	37620	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.006	0.875 ± 0.006	0.865 ± 0.006	0.865 ± 0.006	5	16980	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.008	0.880 ± 0.009	0.867 ± 0.009	0.867 ± 0.009	5	37620	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.009	0.870 ± 0.009	0.859 ± 0.009	0.859 ± 0.009	5	37620	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.007	0.862 ± 0.007	0.852 ± 0.007	0.852 ± 0.007	5	68604	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.005	0.862 ± 0.003	0.852 ± 0.003	0.852 ± 0.003	5	68604	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.009	0.870 ± 0.009	0.859 ± 0.010	0.859 ± 0.010	5	16980	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.844	0.844 ± 0.017	0.902 ± 0.010	0.871 ± 0.015	0.871 ± 0.015	5	11673	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.843	0.843 ± 0.008	0.852 ± 0.008	0.844 ± 0.008	0.844 ± 0.008	5	16980	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.842	0.842 ± 0.010	0.849 ± 0.009	0.841 ± 0.010	0.841 ± 0.010	5	16980	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.838	0.838 ± 0.007	0.897 ± 0.005	0.864 ± 0.007	0.864 ± 0.007	5	11673	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.837	0.837 ± 0.004	0.863 ± 0.004	0.849 ± 0.004	0.849 ± 0.004	5	37620	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.832	0.832 ± 0.020	0.894 ± 0.015	0.860 ± 0.020	0.860 ± 0.020	5	11673	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.009	0.851 ± 0.010	0.838 ± 0.010	0.838 ± 0.010	5	16980	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.826	0.826 ± 0.018	0.833 ± 0.017	0.825 ± 0.017	0.825 ± 0.017	5	37620	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.826	0.826 ± 0.011	0.857 ± 0.009	0.840 ± 0.011	0.840 ± 0.011	5	149780	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.825	0.825 ± 0.003	0.854 ± 0.003	0.838 ± 0.003	0.838 ± 0.003	5	37620	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.825	0.825 ± 0.027	0.890 ± 0.015	0.853 ± 0.024	0.853 ± 0.024	5	11673	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.823	0.823 ± 0.008	0.852 ± 0.006	0.836 ± 0.008	0.836 ± 0.008	5	149780	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.823	0.823 ± 0.025	0.828 ± 0.023	0.820 ± 0.024	0.820 ± 0.024	5	37620	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.823	0.823 ± 0.004	0.889 ± 0.002	0.852 ± 0.003	0.852 ± 0.003	5	11673	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.822	0.822 ± 0.004	0.884 ± 0.003	0.849 ± 0.004	0.849 ± 0.004	5	10637	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.822	0.822 ± 0.007	0.884 ± 0.005	0.849 ± 0.006	0.849 ± 0.006	5	10637	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.819	0.819 ± 0.014	0.893 ± 0.009	0.841 ± 0.013	0.841 ± 0.013	5	10844	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.818	0.818 ± 0.011	0.886 ± 0.006	0.849 ± 0.009	0.849 ± 0.009	5	10637	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.817	0.817 ± 0.005	0.898 ± 0.008	0.845 ± 0.010	0.845 ± 0.010	5	10844	506k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.817	0.817 ± 0.004	0.857 ± 0.003	0.835 ± 0.004	0.835 ± 0.004	5	37620	—	8s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.816	0.816 ± 0.007	0.886 ± 0.006	0.847 ± 0.008	0.847 ± 0.008	5	11673	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.816	0.816 ± 0.011	0.836 ± 0.013	0.808 ± 0.013	0.808 ± 0.013	5	11928	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.812	0.812 ± 0.005	0.881 ± 0.005	0.841 ± 0.006	0.841 ± 0.006	5	11673	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.810	0.810 ± 0.035	0.873 ± 0.053	0.836 ± 0.053	0.836 ± 0.053	5	11673	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.810	0.810 ± 0.021	0.879 ± 0.012	0.840 ± 0.020	0.840 ± 0.020	5	10637	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.807	0.807 ± 0.012	0.856 ± 0.024	0.821 ± 0.021	0.821 ± 0.021	5	10637	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.806	0.806 ± 0.005	0.892 ± 0.006	0.834 ± 0.008	0.834 ± 0.008	5	10844	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.805	0.805 ± 0.017	0.868 ± 0.022	0.829 ± 0.023	0.829 ± 0.023	5	10637	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.805	0.805 ± 0.025	0.813 ± 0.022	0.804 ± 0.024	0.804 ± 0.024	5	149780	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.804	0.804 ± 0.016	0.816 ± 0.016	0.806 ± 0.017	0.806 ± 0.017	5	149780	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.801	0.801 ± 0.013	0.832 ± 0.010	0.813 ± 0.013	0.813 ± 0.013	5	37620	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.798	0.798 ± 0.002	0.876 ± 0.001	0.831 ± 0.001	0.831 ± 0.001	5	11673	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.798	0.798 ± 0.036	0.847 ± 0.057	0.811 ± 0.056	0.811 ± 0.056	5	11673	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.796	0.796 ± 0.033	0.854 ± 0.062	0.815 ± 0.057	0.815 ± 0.057	5	11673	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.795	0.795 ± 0.013	0.871 ± 0.012	0.825 ± 0.015	0.825 ± 0.015	5	11673	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.795	0.795 ± 0.014	0.825 ± 0.009	0.792 ± 0.012	0.792 ± 0.012	5	11928	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.795	0.795 ± 0.007	0.840 ± 0.013	0.803 ± 0.012	0.803 ± 0.012	5	11928	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.794	0.794 ± 0.010	0.837 ± 0.006	0.801 ± 0.007	0.801 ± 0.007	5	11928	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.794	0.794 ± 0.016	0.886 ± 0.005	0.823 ± 0.011	0.823 ± 0.011	5	10844	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.792	0.792 ± 0.021	0.852 ± 0.041	0.812 ± 0.037	0.812 ± 0.037	5	10637	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.791	0.791 ± 0.014	0.820 ± 0.012	0.787 ± 0.014	0.787 ± 0.014	5	11928	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.790	0.790 ± 0.024	0.804 ± 0.019	0.792 ± 0.022	0.792 ± 0.022	5	149780	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.790	0.790 ± 0.017	0.816 ± 0.014	0.784 ± 0.016	0.784 ± 0.016	5	11928	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.788	0.788 ± 0.011	0.854 ± 0.016	0.810 ± 0.017	0.810 ± 0.017	5	11673	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.788	0.788 ± 0.028	0.838 ± 0.046	0.800 ± 0.043	0.800 ± 0.043	5	10637	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.785	0.785 ± 0.009	0.816 ± 0.008	0.796 ± 0.009	0.796 ± 0.009	5	37620	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.783	0.783 ± 0.014	0.800 ± 0.011	0.786 ± 0.013	0.786 ± 0.013	5	149780	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.780	0.780 ± 0.017	0.857 ± 0.026	0.793 ± 0.027	0.793 ± 0.027	5	10844	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.779	0.779 ± 0.018	0.859 ± 0.022	0.793 ± 0.024	0.793 ± 0.024	5	10844	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.778	0.778 ± 0.039	0.826 ± 0.070	0.787 ± 0.064	0.787 ± 0.064	5	11673	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.774	0.774 ± 0.017	0.816 ± 0.018	0.778 ± 0.019	0.778 ± 0.019	5	11928	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.771	0.771 ± 0.010	0.814 ± 0.013	0.775 ± 0.012	0.775 ± 0.012	5	11928	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.765	0.765 ± 0.005	0.784 ± 0.006	0.769 ± 0.005	0.769 ± 0.005	5	149780	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.761	0.761 ± 0.021	0.834 ± 0.032	0.782 ± 0.032	0.782 ± 0.032	5	11673	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.758	0.758 ± 0.010	0.846 ± 0.006	0.789 ± 0.010	0.789 ± 0.010	5	10637	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.756	0.756 ± 0.003	0.833 ± 0.006	0.779 ± 0.005	0.779 ± 0.005	5	10637	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.756	0.756 ± 0.005	0.846 ± 0.003	0.786 ± 0.005	0.786 ± 0.005	5	10637	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.755	0.755 ± 0.018	0.838 ± 0.034	0.766 ± 0.033	0.766 ± 0.033	5	10844	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.755	0.755 ± 0.025	0.843 ± 0.034	0.769 ± 0.036	0.769 ± 0.036	5	10844	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.754	0.754 ± 0.012	0.809 ± 0.011	0.763 ± 0.012	0.763 ± 0.012	5	11928	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.751	0.751 ± 0.015	0.863 ± 0.016	0.783 ± 0.020	0.783 ± 0.020	5	10844	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.750	0.750 ± 0.017	0.746 ± 0.015	0.723 ± 0.016	0.723 ± 0.016	5	10637	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.749	0.749 ± 0.003	0.860 ± 0.002	0.778 ± 0.002	0.778 ± 0.002	5	10844	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.749	0.749 ± 0.015	0.749 ± 0.012	0.724 ± 0.013	0.724 ± 0.013	5	10637	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.748	0.748 ± 0.004	0.814 ± 0.007	0.763 ± 0.006	0.763 ± 0.006	5	11928	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.748	0.748 ± 0.002	0.835 ± 0.001	0.775 ± 0.002	0.775 ± 0.002	5	10637	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.748	0.748 ± 0.014	0.802 ± 0.014	0.756 ± 0.015	0.756 ± 0.015	5	11928	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.747	0.747 ± 0.011	0.748 ± 0.011	0.723 ± 0.011	0.723 ± 0.011	5	10637	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.746	0.746 ± 0.005	0.808 ± 0.004	0.758 ± 0.003	0.758 ± 0.003	5	11928	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.746	0.746 ± 0.004	0.839 ± 0.003	0.776 ± 0.005	0.776 ± 0.005	5	10637	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.745	0.745 ± 0.017	0.761 ± 0.016	0.746 ± 0.017	0.746 ± 0.017	5	149780	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.744	0.744 ± 0.016	0.867 ± 0.011	0.781 ± 0.018	0.781 ± 0.018	5	10844	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.742	0.742 ± 0.015	0.813 ± 0.029	0.760 ± 0.025	0.760 ± 0.025	5	10637	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.742	0.742 ± 0.023	0.823 ± 0.023	0.764 ± 0.027	0.764 ± 0.027	5	10637	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.741	0.741 ± 0.004	0.855 ± 0.002	0.771 ± 0.004	0.771 ± 0.004	5	10844	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.741	0.741 ± 0.030	0.806 ± 0.054	0.754 ± 0.048	0.754 ± 0.048	5	11673	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.739	0.739 ± 0.011	0.834 ± 0.006	0.769 ± 0.011	0.769 ± 0.011	5	10637	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.734	0.734 ± 0.009	0.730 ± 0.008	0.707 ± 0.005	0.707 ± 0.005	5	10637	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.733	0.733 ± 0.011	0.737 ± 0.012	0.709 ± 0.011	0.709 ± 0.011	5	11673	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.733	0.733 ± 0.012	0.734 ± 0.013	0.707 ± 0.013	0.707 ± 0.013	5	11673	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.731	0.731 ± 0.012	0.731 ± 0.010	0.704 ± 0.011	0.704 ± 0.011	5	11673	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.730	0.730 ± 0.009	0.780 ± 0.016	0.713 ± 0.013	0.713 ± 0.013	5	10844	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.726	0.726 ± 0.005	0.773 ± 0.015	0.708 ± 0.011	0.708 ± 0.011	5	10844	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.724	0.724 ± 0.011	0.766 ± 0.019	0.702 ± 0.012	0.702 ± 0.012	5	10844	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.722	0.722 ± 0.010	0.827 ± 0.023	0.739 ± 0.021	0.739 ± 0.021	5	10844	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.721	0.721 ± 0.010	0.717 ± 0.007	0.691 ± 0.005	0.691 ± 0.005	5	11673	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.721	0.721 ± 0.010	0.782 ± 0.005	0.729 ± 0.008	0.729 ± 0.008	5	11928	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.717	0.717 ± 0.007	0.816 ± 0.007	0.742 ± 0.008	0.742 ± 0.008	5	11928	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.715	0.715 ± 0.013	0.763 ± 0.029	0.696 ± 0.019	0.696 ± 0.019	5	10844	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.714	0.714 ± 0.016	0.772 ± 0.016	0.719 ± 0.018	0.719 ± 0.018	5	11928	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.713	0.713 ± 0.006	0.771 ± 0.004	0.719 ± 0.006	0.719 ± 0.006	5	11928	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.713	0.713 ± 0.004	0.816 ± 0.006	0.727 ± 0.006	0.727 ± 0.006	5	10844	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.712	0.712 ± 0.023	0.819 ± 0.022	0.728 ± 0.027	0.728 ± 0.027	5	10844	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.712	0.712 ± 0.001	0.822 ± 0.002	0.730 ± 0.002	0.730 ± 0.002	5	10844	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.712	0.712 ± 0.005	0.769 ± 0.004	0.717 ± 0.005	0.717 ± 0.005	5	11928	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.701	0.701 ± 0.018	0.800 ± 0.015	0.722 ± 0.020	0.722 ± 0.020	5	11928	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.692	0.692 ± 0.010	0.680 ± 0.009	0.677 ± 0.009	0.677 ± 0.009	5	149780	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.682	0.682 ± 0.006	0.651 ± 0.009	0.651 ± 0.009	0.651 ± 0.009	5	149780	1.6M	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.005	0.749 ± 0.004	0.678 ± 0.007	0.678 ± 0.007	5	16980	—	9s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.008	0.662 ± 0.008	0.659 ± 0.007	0.659 ± 0.007	5	149780	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.008	0.612 ± 0.010	0.609 ± 0.010	0.609 ± 0.010	5	149780	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.663	0.663 ± 0.006	0.751 ± 0.006	0.660 ± 0.006	0.660 ± 0.006	5	10844	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.014	0.751 ± 0.015	0.658 ± 0.016	0.658 ± 0.016	5	10844	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.659	0.659 ± 0.019	0.734 ± 0.022	0.665 ± 0.022	0.665 ± 0.022	5	11928	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.656	0.656 ± 0.008	0.673 ± 0.008	0.640 ± 0.008	0.640 ± 0.008	5	10637	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.654	0.654 ± 0.008	0.673 ± 0.009	0.637 ± 0.008	0.637 ± 0.008	5	11673	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.014	0.730 ± 0.010	0.659 ± 0.014	0.659 ± 0.014	5	11928	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.650	0.650 ± 0.009	0.665 ± 0.010	0.631 ± 0.009	0.631 ± 0.009	5	11673	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.649	0.649 ± 0.015	0.664 ± 0.016	0.632 ± 0.015	0.632 ± 0.015	5	10637	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.626	0.626 ± 0.023	0.566 ± 0.036	0.562 ± 0.041	0.562 ± 0.041	5	68604	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.615	0.615 ± 0.015	0.542 ± 0.023	0.533 ± 0.028	0.533 ± 0.028	5	68604	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.581	0.581 ± 0.011	0.513 ± 0.008	0.511 ± 0.008	0.511 ± 0.008	5	11928	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.569	0.569 ± 0.021	0.504 ± 0.031	0.487 ± 0.045	0.487 ± 0.045	5	16980	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.564	0.564 ± 0.011	0.495 ± 0.010	0.494 ± 0.009	0.494 ± 0.009	5	11928	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.559	0.559 ± 0.018	0.484 ± 0.025	0.456 ± 0.037	0.456 ± 0.037	5	16980	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.545	0.545 ± 0.005	0.507 ± 0.019	0.499 ± 0.014	0.499 ± 0.014	5	11928	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.534	0.534 ± 0.008	0.323 ± 0.014	0.314 ± 0.018	0.314 ± 0.018	5	10844	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.530	0.530 ± 0.004	0.447 ± 0.008	0.447 ± 0.008	0.447 ± 0.008	5	11928	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.525	0.525 ± 0.007	0.332 ± 0.018	0.326 ± 0.022	0.326 ± 0.022	5	10844	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.523	0.523 ± 0.011	0.350 ± 0.021	0.322 ± 0.031	0.322 ± 0.031	5	11673	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.514	0.514 ± 0.006	0.352 ± 0.014	0.330 ± 0.024	0.330 ± 0.024	5	11673	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.511	0.511 ± 0.015	0.434 ± 0.013	0.398 ± 0.022	0.398 ± 0.022	5	37620	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.511	0.511 ± 0.011	0.448 ± 0.029	0.427 ± 0.048	0.427 ± 0.048	5	37620	1.6M	—
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.626 ± 0.000	0.385 ± 0.000	0.385 ± 0.000	5	68604	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.765 ± 0.000	0.433 ± 0.000	0.433 ± 0.000	5	10844	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.610 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	5	16980	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.706 ± 0.000	0.414 ± 0.000	0.414 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.611 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	5	149780	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.702 ± 0.000	0.413 ± 0.000	0.413 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.610 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	0.379 ± 0.000	5	37620	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.698 ± 0.000	0.411 ± 0.000	0.411 ± 0.000	5	10637	—	0s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.471	0.471 ± 0.015	0.303 ± 0.007	0.262 ± 0.011	0.262 ± 0.011	5	10637	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.455	0.455 ± 0.015	0.304 ± 0.007	0.273 ± 0.017	0.273 ± 0.017	5	10637	1.6M	—

switch_detection_global

switch_detection_global — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	false_event_trip_rate	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	missed_event_rate	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.000	0.947 ± 0.000	0.028 ± 0.000	0.929 ± 0.000	0.929 ± 0.000	0.128 ± 0.001	5	34569	—	11.5m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.914	0.914 ± 0.014	0.994 ± 0.001	0.003 ± 0.001	0.902 ± 0.014	0.902 ± 0.014	0.169 ± 0.029	5	103707	602k	37.2m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.888	0.888 ± 0.013	0.914 ± 0.012	0.060 ± 0.013	0.886 ± 0.015	0.886 ± 0.015	0.163 ± 0.018	5	34569	744k	1.6h
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.011	0.918 ± 0.006	0.021 ± 0.004	0.888 ± 0.009	0.888 ± 0.009	0.249 ± 0.024	5	34178	602k	37.2m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.826	0.826 ± 0.032	0.985 ± 0.027	0.012 ± 0.027	0.795 ± 0.144	0.795 ± 0.144	0.336 ± 0.076	5	25323	69k	9.3m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.823	0.823 ± 0.002	0.662 ± 0.002	0.341 ± 0.002	0.422 ± 0.001	0.422 ± 0.001	0.012 ± 0.006	5	56005	94k	21.8m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.822	0.822 ± 0.014	0.982 ± 0.008	0.013 ± 0.009	0.761 ± 0.045	0.761 ± 0.045	0.343 ± 0.037	5	103707	124k	37.9m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.816	0.816 ± 0.017	0.881 ± 0.168	0.118 ± 0.172	0.624 ± 0.235	0.624 ± 0.235	0.249 ± 0.201	5	25323	68k	10.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.816	0.816 ± 0.005	0.989 ± 0.001	0.005 ± 0.001	0.819 ± 0.013	0.819 ± 0.013	0.364 ± 0.009	5	103707	—	6.7m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.808	0.808 ± 0.017	0.912 ± 0.178	0.086 ± 0.181	0.712 ± 0.265	0.712 ± 0.265	0.298 ± 0.189	5	25323	530k	26.4m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.805	0.805 ± 0.042	0.733 ± 0.056	0.268 ± 0.057	0.450 ± 0.024	0.450 ± 0.024	0.121 ± 0.087	5	56005	92k	17.5m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.789	0.789 ± 0.021	0.638 ± 0.042	0.365 ± 0.043	0.411 ± 0.016	0.411 ± 0.016	0.057 ± 0.080	5	223284	211k	1.7h
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.786	0.786 ± 0.006	0.859 ± 0.026	0.055 ± 0.055	0.807 ± 0.021	0.807 ± 0.021	0.373 ± 0.054	5	33672	564k	31.5m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.785	0.785 ± 0.031	0.949 ± 0.080	0.048 ± 0.081	0.704 ± 0.214	0.704 ± 0.214	0.383 ± 0.132	5	56005	564k	31.5m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.783	0.783 ± 0.011	0.818 ± 0.012	0.147 ± 0.014	0.769 ± 0.014	0.769 ± 0.014	0.287 ± 0.011	5	34569	234k	1.7h
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.781	0.781 ± 0.012	0.855 ± 0.007	0.059 ± 0.014	0.801 ± 0.009	0.801 ± 0.009	0.379 ± 0.032	5	34178	124k	37.9m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.780	0.780 ± 0.004	0.883 ± 0.006	0.009 ± 0.012	0.820 ± 0.005	0.820 ± 0.005	0.430 ± 0.015	5	34500	530k	26.4m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.778	0.778 ± 0.055	0.953 ± 0.102	0.044 ± 0.103	0.727 ± 0.209	0.727 ± 0.209	0.400 ± 0.025	5	223284	—	11.5m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.769	0.769 ± 0.044	0.658 ± 0.081	0.344 ± 0.082	0.418 ± 0.033	0.418 ± 0.033	0.117 ± 0.107	5	223284	234k	1.7h
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.769	0.769 ± 0.029	0.843 ± 0.041	0.079 ± 0.061	0.783 ± 0.043	0.783 ± 0.043	0.383 ± 0.049	5	34500	69k	9.3m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.760	0.760 ± 0.016	0.719 ± 0.088	0.282 ± 0.090	0.442 ± 0.034	0.442 ± 0.034	0.199 ± 0.118	5	223284	103.4M	1.6h
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.758	0.758 ± 0.102	0.912 ± 0.117	0.084 ± 0.118	0.625 ± 0.158	0.625 ± 0.158	0.400 ± 0.129	5	103707	117k	28.3m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.754	0.754 ± 0.002	0.855 ± 0.001	0.027 ± 0.001	0.786 ± 0.002	0.786 ± 0.002	0.465 ± 0.004	5	34178	—	6.7m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.754	0.754 ± 0.015	0.848 ± 0.012	0.058 ± 0.011	0.777 ± 0.017	0.777 ± 0.017	0.435 ± 0.024	5	34569	103.4M	1.6h
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.734	0.734 ± 0.003	0.990 ± 0.000	0.005 ± 0.000	0.728 ± 0.003	0.728 ± 0.003	0.526 ± 0.005	5	56005	26.7M	19.6m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.730	0.730 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.804 ± 0.004	0.804 ± 0.004	0.539 ± 0.005	5	25323	12.0M	10.3m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.729	0.729 ± 0.025	0.748 ± 0.124	0.233 ± 0.227	0.701 ± 0.090	0.701 ± 0.090	0.309 ± 0.178	5	34500	68k	10.6m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.725	0.725 ± 0.057	0.767 ± 0.098	0.185 ± 0.146	0.718 ± 0.085	0.718 ± 0.085	0.365 ± 0.038	5	33672	92k	17.5m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.721	0.721 ± 0.001	0.839 ± 0.001	0.038 ± 0.002	0.752 ± 0.001	0.752 ± 0.001	0.519 ± 0.003	5	34500	—	1.5m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.720	0.720 ± 0.041	0.741 ± 0.062	0.240 ± 0.083	0.692 ± 0.056	0.692 ± 0.056	0.319 ± 0.017	5	34569	211k	1.7h
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.718	0.718 ± 0.127	0.739 ± 0.211	0.235 ± 0.313	0.702 ± 0.186	0.702 ± 0.186	0.330 ± 0.100	5	34178	117k	28.3m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.711	0.711 ± 0.001	0.832 ± 0.001	0.027 ± 0.002	0.742 ± 0.001	0.742 ± 0.001	0.551 ± 0.005	5	33672	26.7M	19.6m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.710	0.710 ± 0.001	0.986 ± 0.001	0.006 ± 0.001	0.734 ± 0.006	0.734 ± 0.006	0.575 ± 0.003	5	103707	42.9M	36.6m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.701	0.701 ± 0.000	0.842 ± 0.001	0.012 ± 0.002	0.738 ± 0.001	0.738 ± 0.001	0.585 ± 0.003	5	34500	12.0M	10.3m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.694	0.694 ± 0.021	0.641 ± 0.066	0.421 ± 0.118	0.624 ± 0.051	0.624 ± 0.051	0.190 ± 0.077	5	33672	94k	21.8m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.688	0.688 ± 0.002	0.823 ± 0.002	0.021 ± 0.002	0.718 ± 0.003	0.718 ± 0.003	0.602 ± 0.005	5	34178	42.9M	36.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.682	0.682 ± 0.002	0.815 ± 0.001	0.029 ± 0.002	0.709 ± 0.002	0.709 ± 0.002	0.608 ± 0.004	5	33672	—	2.5m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.654	0.654 ± 0.092	0.979 ± 0.024	0.015 ± 0.024	0.627 ± 0.098	0.627 ± 0.098	0.678 ± 0.186	5	223284	744k	1.6h
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.630	0.630 ± 0.016	0.955 ± 0.051	0.039 ± 0.052	0.559 ± 0.042	0.559 ± 0.042	0.701 ± 0.074	5	25323	—	1.5m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.592	0.592 ± 0.006	0.991 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.001	0.636 ± 0.005	0.636 ± 0.005	0.814 ± 0.012	5	56005	—	2.5m
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.985 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.496 ± 0.000	0.496 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	5	103707	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.731 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.422 ± 0.000	0.422 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	5	34178	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.991 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.498 ± 0.000	0.498 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	5	25323	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.745 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.427 ± 0.000	0.427 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	5	34500	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.991 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.498 ± 0.000	0.498 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	5	223284	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.751 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.429 ± 0.000	0.429 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	5	34569	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.991 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.498 ± 0.000	0.498 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	5	56005	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.730 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.422 ± 0.000	0.422 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	5	33672	—	0s

Tier 2 — medium

event_state_global

event_state_global — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	f1_fault	f1_normal	f1_switching	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.911	0.911 ± 0.001	0.916 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.914 ± 0.001	0.914 ± 0.001	5	34569	—	16.2m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.016	0.981 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.895 ± 0.006	0.895 ± 0.006	5	25323	530k	19.8m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.076	0.960 ± 0.077	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.824 ± 0.167	0.824 ± 0.167	5	56005	565k	28.2m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.851 ± 0.003	0.851 ± 0.003	5	103707	—	7.8m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.024	0.974 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.871 ± 0.019	0.871 ± 0.019	5	103707	124k	38.5m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.025	0.954 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.810 ± 0.015	0.810 ± 0.015	5	103707	117k	39.2m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.845	0.845 ± 0.069	0.958 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.812 ± 0.075	0.812 ± 0.075	5	103707	603k	20.1m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.839	0.839 ± 0.013	0.862 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.854 ± 0.012	0.854 ± 0.012	5	33672	565k	28.2m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.833	0.833 ± 0.024	0.961 ± 0.049	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.824 ± 0.127	0.824 ± 0.127	5	25323	69k	8.9m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.808	0.808 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.856 ± 0.002	0.856 ± 0.002	5	25323	12.0M	8.8m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.805	0.805 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.827 ± 0.007	0.827 ± 0.007	5	56005	26.7M	19.1m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.801	0.801 ± 0.042	0.975 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.808 ± 0.053	0.808 ± 0.053	5	56005	92k	17.1m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.798	0.798 ± 0.009	0.976 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.830 ± 0.011	0.830 ± 0.011	5	25323	68k	8.9m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.798	0.798 ± 0.002	0.939 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.804 ± 0.003	0.804 ± 0.003	5	103707	42.9M	38.6m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.789	0.789 ± 0.030	0.975 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.803 ± 0.027	0.803 ± 0.027	5	56005	95k	20.0m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.787	0.787 ± 0.001	0.810 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.804 ± 0.002	0.804 ± 0.002	5	34569	103.4M	2.0h
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.777	0.777 ± 0.011	0.807 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.797 ± 0.009	0.797 ± 0.009	5	34500	530k	19.8m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.749	0.749 ± 0.026	0.970 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.770 ± 0.028	0.770 ± 0.028	5	223284	103.4M	2.0h
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.743	0.743 ± 0.023	0.781 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.762 ± 0.022	0.762 ± 0.022	5	34500	69k	8.9m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.740	0.740 ± 0.030	0.768 ± 0.026	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.760 ± 0.027	0.760 ± 0.027	5	34178	117k	39.2m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.733	0.733 ± 0.027	0.764 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.755 ± 0.027	0.755 ± 0.027	5	34178	124k	38.5m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.729	0.729 ± 0.034	0.757 ± 0.028	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.743 ± 0.034	0.743 ± 0.034	5	34569	744k	1.3h
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.724	0.724 ± 0.001	0.753 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.743 ± 0.001	0.743 ± 0.001	5	34178	—	7.8m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.723	0.723 ± 0.001	0.757 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.739 ± 0.002	0.739 ± 0.002	5	34500	—	1.9m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.707	0.707 ± 0.016	0.741 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.723 ± 0.017	0.723 ± 0.017	5	34569	234k	1.7h
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.706	0.706 ± 0.001	0.747 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.725 ± 0.002	0.725 ± 0.002	5	33672	26.7M	19.1m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.705	0.705 ± 0.001	0.740 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.720 ± 0.001	0.720 ± 0.001	5	33672	—	3.1m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.703	0.703 ± 0.008	0.884 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.641 ± 0.004	0.641 ± 0.004	5	25323	—	1.9m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.702	0.702 ± 0.001	0.747 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.720 ± 0.001	0.720 ± 0.001	5	34500	12.0M	8.8m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.696	0.696 ± 0.111	0.715 ± 0.113	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.708 ± 0.121	0.708 ± 0.121	5	34178	603k	20.1m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.695	0.695 ± 0.004	0.741 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.709 ± 0.005	0.709 ± 0.005	5	34500	68k	8.9m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.689	0.689 ± 0.060	0.723 ± 0.064	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.705 ± 0.062	0.705 ± 0.062	5	33672	92k	17.1m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.681	0.681 ± 0.144	0.719 ± 0.163	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.453 ± 0.209	0.453 ± 0.209	5	223284	234k	1.7h
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.662	0.662 ± 0.021	0.707 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.667 ± 0.028	0.667 ± 0.028	5	33672	95k	20.0m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.659	0.659 ± 0.001	0.701 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.679 ± 0.001	0.679 ± 0.001	5	34178	42.9M	38.6m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.656	0.656 ± 0.224	0.895 ± 0.158	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.229	0.613 ± 0.229	5	223284	744k	1.3h
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.006	0.857 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.628 ± 0.008	0.628 ± 0.008	5	56005	—	3.1m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.643	0.643 ± 0.021	0.684 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.383 ± 0.028	0.383 ± 0.028	5	223284	—	16.2m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.637	0.637 ± 0.037	0.661 ± 0.029	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.649 ± 0.036	0.649 ± 0.036	5	34569	212k	1.5h
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.636	0.636 ± 0.009	0.636 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.338 ± 0.005	0.338 ± 0.005	5	223284	212k	1.5h
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.323 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.163 ± 0.000	0.163 ± 0.000	5	103707	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.414 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.195 ± 0.000	0.195 ± 0.000	5	34178	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.320 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.162 ± 0.000	0.162 ± 0.000	5	25323	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.193 ± 0.000	0.193 ± 0.000	5	34500	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.320 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.162 ± 0.000	0.162 ± 0.000	5	223284	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.406 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.193 ± 0.000	0.193 ± 0.000	5	34569	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.319 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.161 ± 0.000	0.161 ± 0.000	5	56005	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.415 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.195 ± 0.000	0.195 ± 0.000	5	33672	—	0s

fault_category_global

fault_category_global — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	f1_hif	f1_incipient	f1_shc	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.997 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.648 ± 0.010	0.971 ± 0.015	5	16980	69k	2.1m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.004	0.994 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.632 ± 0.035	0.948 ± 0.053	5	37620	92k	3.9m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.004	0.992 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.619 ± 0.035	0.928 ± 0.052	5	16980	530k	3.6m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.001	0.990 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.610 ± 0.007	0.915 ± 0.011	5	16980	12.0M	3.3m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.002	0.989 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.607 ± 0.017	0.910 ± 0.025	5	16980	68k	1.0m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.003	0.986 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.588 ± 0.021	0.882 ± 0.032	5	37620	26.7M	5.0m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.007	0.981 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.576 ± 0.061	0.863 ± 0.092	5	37620	565k	11.2m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.005	0.979 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.565 ± 0.037	0.847 ± 0.055	5	37620	95k	14.4m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.003	0.952 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.628 ± 0.002	0.941 ± 0.003	5	11673	69k	2.1m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.004	0.949 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.625 ± 0.004	0.937 ± 0.007	5	10637	92k	3.9m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.001	0.947 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.623 ± 0.001	0.935 ± 0.001	5	11928	103.4M	31.4m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.001	0.947 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.624 ± 0.001	0.936 ± 0.001	5	11673	12.0M	3.3m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.623 ± 0.001	0.935 ± 0.002	5	11928	212k	18.4m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.001	0.945 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.622 ± 0.002	0.933 ± 0.003	5	11673	68k	1.0m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.006	0.942 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.620 ± 0.007	0.930 ± 0.010	5	11673	530k	3.6m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.003	0.940 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.618 ± 0.002	0.927 ± 0.004	5	10637	95k	14.4m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.004	0.937 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.615 ± 0.004	0.923 ± 0.006	5	11928	744k	14.4m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.007	0.938 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.617 ± 0.007	0.926 ± 0.011	5	10637	26.7M	5.0m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.002	0.938 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.616 ± 0.003	0.924 ± 0.005	5	11928	234k	19.0m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.005	0.935 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.615 ± 0.007	0.922 ± 0.010	5	10637	565k	11.2m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.000	0.961 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.632 ± 0.000	0.948 ± 0.001	5	11928	—	2.8m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.910	0.910 ± 0.055	0.962 ± 0.046	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.530 ± 0.079	0.795 ± 0.119	5	149780	212k	18.4m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.004	0.918 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.595 ± 0.002	0.892 ± 0.003	5	11673	—	29s
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.005	0.892 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.567 ± 0.003	0.851 ± 0.004	5	10637	—	41s
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.794	0.794 ± 0.334	0.979 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.478 ± 0.171	0.717 ± 0.257	5	149780	744k	14.4m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.693	0.693 ± 0.332	0.972 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.416 ± 0.150	0.625 ± 0.225	5	149780	234k	19.0m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.032	0.949 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.037	0.627 ± 0.037	5	68604	117k	5.5m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.668	0.668 ± 0.043	0.936 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.548 ± 0.070	0.548 ± 0.070	5	68604	42.9M	10.1m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.016	0.983 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.496 ± 0.011	0.743 ± 0.017	5	149780	—	2.8m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.579 ± 0.001	0.579 ± 0.001	5	68604	—	59s
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.657	0.657 ± 0.003	0.940 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.505 ± 0.058	0.505 ± 0.058	5	68604	603k	6.3m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.656	0.656 ± 0.007	0.942 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.542 ± 0.063	0.542 ± 0.063	5	68604	124k	5.3m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.654	0.654 ± 0.022	0.735 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.632 ± 0.043	0.632 ± 0.043	5	10844	124k	5.3m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.638	0.638 ± 0.024	0.722 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.028	0.627 ± 0.028	5	10844	117k	5.5m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.635	0.635 ± 0.017	0.723 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.558 ± 0.069	0.558 ± 0.069	5	10844	603k	6.3m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.634	0.634 ± 0.009	0.714 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.602 ± 0.041	0.602 ± 0.041	5	10844	42.9M	10.1m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.569	0.569 ± 0.007	0.699 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.571 ± 0.008	0.571 ± 0.008	5	10844	—	59s
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.536	0.536 ± 0.088	0.942 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.351 ± 0.044	0.526 ± 0.066	5	149780	103.4M	31.4m
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.000	5	16980	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.735 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.283 ± 0.000	0.424 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	0s
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.000	5	16980	—	29s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.000	5	149780	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.745 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.285 ± 0.000	0.427 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.000	5	37620	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.737 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.283 ± 0.000	0.424 ± 0.000	5	10637	—	0s
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.000	5	37620	—	41s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.934 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.322 ± 0.000	0.322 ± 0.000	5	68604	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.563 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.240 ± 0.000	0.240 ± 0.000	5	10844	—	0s

fault_category_line

fault_category_line — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	f1_hif	f1_incipient	f1_shc	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	1.000	1.000 ± 0.000	0.999 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.661 ± 0.005	0.991 ± 0.007	5	16980	55k	1.4m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.999	0.999 ± 0.000	0.999 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.658 ± 0.001	0.986 ± 0.001	5	149780	—	17s
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.999	0.999 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.650 ± 0.007	0.976 ± 0.010	5	16980	52k	1.5m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.999	0.999 ± 0.001	0.997 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.651 ± 0.018	0.976 ± 0.026	5	16980	509k	5.1m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.997 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.648 ± 0.008	0.973 ± 0.012	5	149780	55k	1.1m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.000	0.997 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.646 ± 0.006	0.968 ± 0.009	5	37620	55k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.642 ± 0.016	0.963 ± 0.024	5	16980	52k	1.6m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.640 ± 0.006	0.959 ± 0.009	5	16980	3.1M	1.3m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.639 ± 0.020	0.958 ± 0.030	5	149780	3.1M	32s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.995 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.635 ± 0.013	0.953 ± 0.019	5	37620	509k	5.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.635 ± 0.018	0.952 ± 0.026	5	37620	509k	5.6m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.001	0.995 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.634 ± 0.009	0.952 ± 0.014	5	37620	509k	4.0m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.001	0.995 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.632 ± 0.017	0.948 ± 0.025	5	37620	52k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.632 ± 0.014	0.947 ± 0.021	5	37620	509k	5.6m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.634 ± 0.021	0.950 ± 0.032	5	149780	52k	48s
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.631 ± 0.021	0.946 ± 0.031	5	149780	509k	2.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.631 ± 0.037	0.946 ± 0.055	5	16980	509k	5.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.004	0.993 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.629 ± 0.041	0.944 ± 0.061	5	16980	509k	4.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.624 ± 0.016	0.936 ± 0.024	5	37620	509k	5.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.002	0.993 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.623 ± 0.019	0.935 ± 0.028	5	37620	52k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.622 ± 0.008	0.934 ± 0.012	5	37620	52k	1.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.619 ± 0.021	0.928 ± 0.031	5	37620	509k	7.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.618 ± 0.022	0.926 ± 0.033	5	16980	509k	3.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.996	0.996 ± 0.003	0.992 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.617 ± 0.035	0.926 ± 0.053	5	37620	509k	4.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.001	0.991 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.614 ± 0.009	0.921 ± 0.013	5	16980	52k	2.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.002	0.990 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.609 ± 0.021	0.914 ± 0.031	5	37620	52k	1.0m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.000	0.990 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.607 ± 0.002	0.911 ± 0.003	5	37620	3.1M	59s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.002	0.990 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.608 ± 0.023	0.912 ± 0.034	5	16980	509k	3.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.006	0.990 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.053	0.919 ± 0.080	5	16980	52k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.003	0.990 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.606 ± 0.024	0.909 ± 0.036	5	37620	52k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.005	0.989 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.607 ± 0.043	0.911 ± 0.064	5	37620	52k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.003	0.989 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.607 ± 0.032	0.910 ± 0.049	5	16980	52k	1.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.004	0.989 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.607 ± 0.038	0.910 ± 0.057	5	16980	509k	3.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.002	0.989 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.604 ± 0.023	0.906 ± 0.035	5	16980	52k	1.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.004	0.989 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.605 ± 0.039	0.908 ± 0.058	5	16980	509k	3.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.004	0.988 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.602 ± 0.031	0.903 ± 0.047	5	16980	52k	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.001	0.987 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.595 ± 0.011	0.892 ± 0.017	5	37620	52k	1.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.002	0.986 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.590 ± 0.016	0.885 ± 0.024	5	37620	55k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.003	0.986 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.588 ± 0.024	0.882 ± 0.035	5	37620	55k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.004	0.985 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.587 ± 0.033	0.881 ± 0.050	5	37620	55k	2.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.582 ± 0.016	0.873 ± 0.024	5	37620	55k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.001	0.984 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.582 ± 0.009	0.873 ± 0.013	5	37620	3.1M	54s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.004	0.984 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.583 ± 0.033	0.874 ± 0.049	5	37620	55k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.580 ± 0.014	0.870 ± 0.021	5	37620	3.1M	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.004	0.983 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.578 ± 0.028	0.867 ± 0.041	5	37620	55k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.575 ± 0.006	0.862 ± 0.008	5	37620	3.1M	55s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.003	0.982 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.577 ± 0.025	0.865 ± 0.037	5	16980	55k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.573 ± 0.012	0.860 ± 0.018	5	37620	3.1M	55s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.576 ± 0.011	0.864 ± 0.016	5	149780	3.1M	1.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.572 ± 0.009	0.858 ± 0.014	5	16980	55k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.570 ± 0.009	0.855 ± 0.013	5	16980	55k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.571 ± 0.005	0.856 ± 0.008	5	149780	3.1M	1.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.569 ± 0.015	0.854 ± 0.022	5	16980	55k	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.572 ± 0.012	0.858 ± 0.017	5	149780	3.1M	8.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.563 ± 0.009	0.845 ± 0.013	5	37620	3.1M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.560 ± 0.011	0.840 ± 0.017	5	37620	3.1M	57s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.562 ± 0.004	0.843 ± 0.006	5	16980	55k	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.569 ± 0.004	0.853 ± 0.007	5	149780	3.1M	1.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.003	0.978 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.561 ± 0.021	0.842 ± 0.031	5	16980	55k	59s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.002	0.978 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.563 ± 0.014	0.845 ± 0.021	5	149780	3.1M	59s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.547 ± 0.006	0.821 ± 0.009	5	16980	3.1M	56s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.545 ± 0.005	0.818 ± 0.008	5	16980	3.1M	59s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.005	0.985 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.589 ± 0.027	0.884 ± 0.040	5	149780	55k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.544 ± 0.003	0.816 ± 0.005	5	16980	3.1M	1.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.003	0.976 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.554 ± 0.017	0.831 ± 0.026	5	149780	3.1M	57s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.542 ± 0.003	0.813 ± 0.005	5	16980	3.1M	58s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.002	0.970 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.537 ± 0.012	0.805 ± 0.017	5	16980	3.1M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.534 ± 0.013	0.801 ± 0.020	5	16980	3.1M	53s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.003	0.969 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.534 ± 0.015	0.801 ± 0.023	5	149780	52k	40s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.005	0.986 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.592 ± 0.024	0.888 ± 0.035	5	149780	55k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.004	0.963 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.520 ± 0.024	0.780 ± 0.036	5	149780	52k	2.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.009	0.969 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.535 ± 0.020	0.802 ± 0.030	5	149780	52k	30s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.008	0.961 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.520 ± 0.049	0.780 ± 0.073	5	149780	509k	2.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.003	0.981 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.571 ± 0.033	0.857 ± 0.049	5	149780	55k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.012	0.977 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.558 ± 0.024	0.837 ± 0.036	5	149780	55k	2.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.008	0.969 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.532 ± 0.011	0.798 ± 0.016	5	149780	509k	2.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.006	0.976 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.557 ± 0.036	0.835 ± 0.054	5	149780	55k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.974	0.974 ± 0.017	0.963 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.520 ± 0.027	0.780 ± 0.040	5	149780	52k	30s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.973	0.973 ± 0.009	0.965 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.522 ± 0.012	0.783 ± 0.018	5	149780	52k	32s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.972	0.972 ± 0.008	0.979 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.562 ± 0.023	0.843 ± 0.034	5	149780	55k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.972	0.972 ± 0.023	0.977 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.558 ± 0.014	0.837 ± 0.021	5	149780	52k	33s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.972	0.972 ± 0.013	0.963 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.520 ± 0.018	0.779 ± 0.027	5	149780	509k	1.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.021	0.967 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.529 ± 0.023	0.793 ± 0.035	5	149780	509k	2.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.015	0.962 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.516 ± 0.015	0.774 ± 0.022	5	149780	509k	1.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.016	0.958 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.508 ± 0.023	0.762 ± 0.034	5	149780	509k	1.9m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.954 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.629 ± 0.000	0.944 ± 0.000	5	11673	55k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.002	0.953 ± 0.002	—	0.917 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.001	0.628 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.002	0.953 ± 0.001	—	0.918 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.001	0.628 ± 0.001	0.942 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.003	0.951 ± 0.004	—	0.914 ± 0.007	0.966 ± 0.003	0.627 ± 0.003	0.940 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	—	0.917 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.001	0.628 ± 0.001	0.942 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	—	0.916 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.001	0.627 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.000	0.951 ± 0.000	—	0.914 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.000	0.627 ± 0.000	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	—	0.917 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.001	0.628 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.004	0.951 ± 0.004	—	0.915 ± 0.006	0.966 ± 0.003	0.627 ± 0.003	0.940 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.002	0.952 ± 0.001	—	0.916 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.001	0.628 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.004	0.952 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.628 ± 0.003	0.942 ± 0.004	5	11673	509k	5.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.003	0.951 ± 0.004	—	0.913 ± 0.006	0.966 ± 0.003	0.626 ± 0.003	0.939 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.003	0.950 ± 0.004	—	0.912 ± 0.006	0.965 ± 0.003	0.626 ± 0.003	0.939 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.003	0.950 ± 0.005	—	0.913 ± 0.008	0.965 ± 0.004	0.626 ± 0.004	0.939 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.003	0.952 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.002	0.941 ± 0.003	5	11673	52k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.950 ± 0.002	—	0.913 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.001	0.626 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.002	0.951 ± 0.002	—	0.915 ± 0.003	0.966 ± 0.002	0.627 ± 0.002	0.940 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.949 ± 0.003	—	0.912 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.002	0.625 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.002	0.951 ± 0.004	—	0.914 ± 0.006	0.965 ± 0.003	0.627 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.000	0.950 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.626 ± 0.000	0.939 ± 0.000	5	11673	3.1M	1.3m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.003	0.950 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.625 ± 0.003	0.937 ± 0.005	5	11928	52k	48s
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.950 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.625 ± 0.001	0.938 ± 0.002	5	11928	55k	1.1m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.000	0.949 ± 0.000	—	0.911 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.000	0.625 ± 0.000	—	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.002	0.949 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.625 ± 0.002	0.938 ± 0.003	5	10637	55k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.002	0.950 ± 0.002	—	0.912 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.001	0.626 ± 0.002	0.938 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.005	0.949 ± 0.005	—	0.910 ± 0.008	0.964 ± 0.004	0.625 ± 0.004	0.937 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.005	0.950 ± 0.007	—	0.912 ± 0.010	0.965 ± 0.005	0.626 ± 0.005	0.938 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.003	0.948 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.624 ± 0.003	0.936 ± 0.004	5	11928	3.1M	32s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.002	0.949 ± 0.001	—	0.912 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.001	0.625 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.003	0.948 ± 0.003	—	0.910 ± 0.005	0.963 ± 0.002	0.624 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.002	0.949 ± 0.002	—	0.910 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.002	0.625 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.003	0.948 ± 0.004	—	0.910 ± 0.007	0.964 ± 0.003	0.624 ± 0.003	0.937 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.003	0.949 ± 0.003	—	0.911 ± 0.005	0.964 ± 0.002	0.625 ± 0.002	0.938 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.003	0.947 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.623 ± 0.004	0.934 ± 0.006	5	11928	509k	2.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.002	0.949 ± 0.002	—	0.911 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.001	0.625 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.002	—	0.910 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.001	0.625 ± 0.001	0.937 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.001	0.948 ± 0.001	—	0.908 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.001	0.624 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.002	0.949 ± 0.002	—	0.911 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.002	0.625 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.003	0.948 ± 0.004	—	0.909 ± 0.007	0.963 ± 0.003	0.624 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.003	0.949 ± 0.004	—	0.911 ± 0.006	0.964 ± 0.003	0.625 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.003	—	0.909 ± 0.005	0.963 ± 0.002	0.624 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.002	—	0.907 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.002	0.623 ± 0.002	0.935 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.002	0.947 ± 0.003	—	0.908 ± 0.005	0.963 ± 0.002	0.624 ± 0.002	0.935 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.624 ± 0.002	0.936 ± 0.003	5	10637	509k	5.6m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.003	0.947 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.623 ± 0.003	0.935 ± 0.004	5	10637	52k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.001	0.947 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.623 ± 0.001	0.935 ± 0.002	5	10637	509k	5.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.002	0.946 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.623 ± 0.002	0.935 ± 0.003	5	10637	52k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.002	—	0.906 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.002	0.623 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.001	0.947 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.624 ± 0.001	0.935 ± 0.002	5	10637	509k	5.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.001	—	0.906 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.001	0.623 ± 0.001	0.934 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.002	0.947 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.623 ± 0.002	0.935 ± 0.002	5	10637	509k	5.9m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.003	0.946 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.623 ± 0.002	0.934 ± 0.003	5	10637	509k	4.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.001	—	0.905 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.001	0.622 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.623 ± 0.001	0.934 ± 0.002	5	10637	52k	1.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.002	0.945 ± 0.002	—	0.904 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.002	0.622 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.001	0.945 ± 0.002	—	0.904 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.002	0.622 ± 0.002	0.932 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.005	0.945 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.622 ± 0.003	0.933 ± 0.004	5	10637	509k	7.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.001	0.942 ± 0.001	—	0.901 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.001	0.620 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.000	0.943 ± 0.001	—	0.901 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.001	0.620 ± 0.001	0.930 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.001	0.942 ± 0.001	—	0.900 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.001	0.620 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.003	0.947 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.623 ± 0.002	0.935 ± 0.004	5	11673	52k	1.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.001	0.942 ± 0.001	—	0.900 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.001	0.620 ± 0.001	0.930 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.001	0.941 ± 0.001	—	0.899 ± 0.001	0.958 ± 0.001	0.619 ± 0.001	0.929 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.000	0.941 ± 0.000	—	0.898 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.000	0.619 ± 0.000	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.001	0.940 ± 0.002	—	0.896 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.001	0.618 ± 0.001	0.927 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.003	0.942 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.620 ± 0.001	0.930 ± 0.002	5	10637	52k	1.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.001	0.940 ± 0.001	—	0.898 ± 0.001	0.958 ± 0.000	0.618 ± 0.000	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.957	0.957 ± 0.004	0.942 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.620 ± 0.003	0.930 ± 0.005	5	10637	52k	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.001	0.939 ± 0.001	—	0.895 ± 0.002	0.957 ± 0.001	0.618 ± 0.001	0.926 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.001	0.939 ± 0.001	—	0.895 ± 0.001	0.957 ± 0.001	0.617 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.006	0.942 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.619 ± 0.006	0.929 ± 0.009	5	10637	52k	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.002	0.939 ± 0.003	—	0.894 ± 0.005	0.957 ± 0.002	0.617 ± 0.002	0.925 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.009	0.943 ± 0.005	—	0.901 ± 0.010	0.960 ± 0.003	0.620 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.001	0.943 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.619 ± 0.003	0.929 ± 0.004	5	11928	55k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.006	0.944 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.621 ± 0.005	0.932 ± 0.007	5	11673	509k	5.2m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.000	0.937 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.616 ± 0.000	0.924 ± 0.001	5	10637	3.1M	59s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.003	0.943 ± 0.004	—	0.898 ± 0.007	0.960 ± 0.003	0.619 ± 0.003	0.929 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.002	0.937 ± 0.004	—	0.892 ± 0.006	0.956 ± 0.003	0.616 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.001	0.942 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.619 ± 0.003	0.928 ± 0.004	5	11928	55k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.001	0.943 ± 0.003	—	0.898 ± 0.005	0.960 ± 0.002	0.619 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.014	0.941 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.619 ± 0.009	0.928 ± 0.014	5	10637	509k	4.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.003	0.942 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.619 ± 0.003	0.929 ± 0.004	5	10637	55k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.006	0.942 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.620 ± 0.006	0.929 ± 0.009	5	11673	52k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.007	0.943 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.620 ± 0.005	0.930 ± 0.008	5	11673	509k	4.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.003	0.941 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.619 ± 0.004	0.928 ± 0.005	5	11673	52k	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.009	0.940 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.618 ± 0.006	0.927 ± 0.008	5	10637	52k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.002	0.940 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.618 ± 0.002	0.927 ± 0.002	5	11673	509k	3.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.004	0.940 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.618 ± 0.004	0.927 ± 0.007	5	11673	52k	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.004	0.941 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.618 ± 0.003	0.928 ± 0.004	5	11673	52k	2.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.007	0.940 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.618 ± 0.006	0.927 ± 0.009	5	11673	509k	3.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.003	0.939 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.617 ± 0.002	0.926 ± 0.004	5	10637	55k	1.4m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.001	0.941 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.618 ± 0.001	0.926 ± 0.001	5	7154	3.1M	35s
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.635 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	5	11928	—	17s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.001	0.936 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.615 ± 0.001	0.923 ± 0.002	5	10637	3.1M	55s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.005	0.939 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.617 ± 0.004	0.926 ± 0.007	5	11673	52k	1.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.004	0.939 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.617 ± 0.005	0.925 ± 0.007	5	11673	509k	3.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.004	0.940 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.618 ± 0.003	0.926 ± 0.005	5	11673	509k	3.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.003	0.937 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.616 ± 0.004	0.924 ± 0.006	5	10637	55k	2.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.001	0.935 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.614 ± 0.002	0.921 ± 0.002	5	10637	3.1M	55s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.004	0.938 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.616 ± 0.003	0.924 ± 0.004	5	10637	55k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.001	0.939 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.617 ± 0.001	0.926 ± 0.002	5	11673	55k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.003	0.938 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.617 ± 0.002	0.925 ± 0.003	5	11673	55k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.004	0.937 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.615 ± 0.004	0.923 ± 0.006	5	10637	55k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.005	0.940 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.617 ± 0.003	0.926 ± 0.004	5	11673	55k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.001	0.935 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.614 ± 0.001	0.922 ± 0.001	5	11673	3.1M	59s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.002	0.938 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.616 ± 0.002	0.924 ± 0.004	5	11673	55k	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.001	0.933 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.001	0.919 ± 0.002	5	10637	3.1M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.001	0.934 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.001	0.920 ± 0.002	5	11673	3.1M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.001	0.934 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.001	0.920 ± 0.002	5	10637	3.1M	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.000	0.934 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.614 ± 0.000	0.921 ± 0.001	5	11673	3.1M	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.004	0.938 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.616 ± 0.002	0.924 ± 0.003	5	11673	55k	59s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.002	0.937 ± 0.003	—	0.893 ± 0.004	0.956 ± 0.002	0.616 ± 0.002	0.924 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.001	0.934 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.001	0.920 ± 0.001	5	11673	3.1M	56s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.001	0.934 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.001	0.920 ± 0.002	5	10637	3.1M	54s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.005	0.935 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.614 ± 0.004	0.921 ± 0.007	5	10637	55k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.001	0.934 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.001	0.920 ± 0.001	5	11673	3.1M	58s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.007	0.935 ± 0.009	—	0.885 ± 0.014	0.955 ± 0.006	0.613 ± 0.007	0.920 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.001	0.932 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.612 ± 0.001	0.918 ± 0.001	5	10637	3.1M	57s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.004	0.937 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.616 ± 0.002	0.924 ± 0.003	5	11673	55k	1.3m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.001	0.935 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.616 ± 0.001	0.924 ± 0.002	5	6758	3.1M	26s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.006	0.933 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.612 ± 0.006	0.918 ± 0.009	5	11928	55k	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.003	0.931 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.611 ± 0.004	0.916 ± 0.005	5	11673	3.1M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.002	0.926 ± 0.003	—	0.872 ± 0.004	0.948 ± 0.002	0.606 ± 0.002	0.910 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.002	0.925 ± 0.002	—	0.871 ± 0.003	0.947 ± 0.002	0.606 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.004	0.937 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.614 ± 0.003	0.921 ± 0.005	5	7154	55k	48s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.009	0.931 ± 0.010	—	0.879 ± 0.016	0.952 ± 0.007	0.610 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.001	0.923 ± 0.002	—	0.869 ± 0.002	0.946 ± 0.001	0.605 ± 0.001	0.907 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.002	0.924 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.605 ± 0.003	0.908 ± 0.004	5	11928	3.1M	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.003	0.924 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.605 ± 0.003	0.907 ± 0.005	5	11928	3.1M	8.0m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.003	0.932 ± 0.005	—	0.884 ± 0.007	0.952 ± 0.004	0.612 ± 0.004	0.918 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.004	0.936 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.003	0.920 ± 0.004	5	7154	52k	31s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.002	0.923 ± 0.002	—	0.867 ± 0.003	0.945 ± 0.002	0.604 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.002	0.923 ± 0.003	—	0.868 ± 0.005	0.946 ± 0.002	0.605 ± 0.002	0.907 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.008	0.930 ± 0.007	—	0.876 ± 0.012	0.951 ± 0.005	0.609 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.007	0.931 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.609 ± 0.005	0.914 ± 0.007	5	11928	55k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.011	0.931 ± 0.012	—	0.878 ± 0.020	0.952 ± 0.009	0.610 ± 0.009	0.915 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.001	0.920 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.602 ± 0.001	0.903 ± 0.002	5	11928	3.1M	1.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.002	0.921 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.602 ± 0.002	0.904 ± 0.003	5	11928	3.1M	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.002	0.920 ± 0.004	—	0.863 ± 0.005	0.943 ± 0.003	0.602 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.003	0.928 ± 0.005	—	0.879 ± 0.007	0.949 ± 0.003	0.609 ± 0.003	0.914 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.012	0.928 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.608 ± 0.009	0.911 ± 0.013	5	11928	55k	2.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.002	0.919 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.601 ± 0.002	0.902 ± 0.003	5	11928	3.1M	59s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.002	0.927 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.610 ± 0.002	0.916 ± 0.003	5	6758	55k	29s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.939	0.939 ± 0.003	0.917 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.599 ± 0.004	0.899 ± 0.005	5	11928	3.1M	57s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.939	0.939 ± 0.015	0.928 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.607 ± 0.011	0.911 ± 0.016	5	11928	55k	1.2m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.938	0.938 ± 0.005	0.930 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.609 ± 0.004	0.914 ± 0.006	5	7154	509k	1.3m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.004	0.924 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.608 ± 0.004	0.912 ± 0.007	5	6758	52k	21s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.007	0.927 ± 0.007	—	0.875 ± 0.011	0.949 ± 0.005	0.608 ± 0.005	0.912 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.934	0.934 ± 0.005	0.923 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.607 ± 0.004	0.910 ± 0.006	5	6758	509k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.933	0.933 ± 0.005	0.911 ± 0.008	—	0.850 ± 0.012	0.937 ± 0.006	0.596 ± 0.006	0.894 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.931	0.931 ± 0.010	0.914 ± 0.009	—	0.852 ± 0.014	0.939 ± 0.006	0.597 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.930	0.930 ± 0.005	0.915 ± 0.005	—	0.853 ± 0.005	0.940 ± 0.004	0.598 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.929	0.929 ± 0.007	0.906 ± 0.013	—	0.842 ± 0.018	0.933 ± 0.010	0.592 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.929	0.929 ± 0.010	0.917 ± 0.012	—	0.855 ± 0.016	0.942 ± 0.009	0.599 ± 0.008	0.898 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.006	0.906 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.591 ± 0.006	0.887 ± 0.009	5	11928	52k	40s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.926	0.926 ± 0.011	0.904 ± 0.016	—	0.839 ± 0.023	0.931 ± 0.012	0.590 ± 0.011	0.885 ± 0.017	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.924	0.924 ± 0.009	0.905 ± 0.008	—	0.839 ± 0.012	0.932 ± 0.007	0.590 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.924	0.924 ± 0.007	0.907 ± 0.009	—	0.841 ± 0.012	0.934 ± 0.007	0.592 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.923	0.923 ± 0.005	0.904 ± 0.009	—	0.837 ± 0.013	0.932 ± 0.007	0.590 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.008	0.902 ± 0.011	—	0.834 ± 0.016	0.930 ± 0.008	0.588 ± 0.008	0.882 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.006	0.908 ± 0.011	—	0.841 ± 0.013	0.935 ± 0.009	0.592 ± 0.007	0.888 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.018	0.912 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.595 ± 0.010	0.892 ± 0.015	5	11928	52k	33s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.006	0.899 ± 0.006	—	0.831 ± 0.009	0.928 ± 0.005	0.586 ± 0.004	0.880 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.920	0.920 ± 0.006	0.906 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.590 ± 0.008	0.886 ± 0.011	5	11928	52k	30s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.920	0.920 ± 0.009	0.896 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.584 ± 0.011	0.876 ± 0.016	5	11928	52k	2.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.918	0.918 ± 0.013	0.899 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.586 ± 0.005	0.878 ± 0.007	5	11928	509k	2.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.918	0.918 ± 0.020	0.902 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.588 ± 0.010	0.882 ± 0.016	5	11928	52k	30s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.918	0.918 ± 0.018	0.896 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.584 ± 0.016	0.876 ± 0.024	5	11928	509k	2.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.917	0.917 ± 0.008	0.899 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.586 ± 0.008	0.878 ± 0.012	5	11928	509k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.916	0.916 ± 0.007	0.896 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.583 ± 0.006	0.875 ± 0.010	5	11928	52k	32s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.914	0.914 ± 0.013	0.896 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.583 ± 0.009	0.875 ± 0.013	5	11928	509k	1.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.912	0.912 ± 0.006	0.893 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.581 ± 0.004	0.872 ± 0.007	5	11928	509k	1.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.911	0.911 ± 0.012	0.900 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.586 ± 0.012	0.878 ± 0.018	5	11928	509k	2.0m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.907	0.907 ± 0.003	0.881 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.576 ± 0.007	0.863 ± 0.010	5	6630	3.1M	24s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.904	0.904 ± 0.004	0.883 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.576 ± 0.007	0.864 ± 0.011	5	6630	55k	28s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.902	0.902 ± 0.007	0.884 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.577 ± 0.005	0.865 ± 0.008	5	6630	52k	21s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.899	0.899 ± 0.005	0.888 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.576 ± 0.002	0.864 ± 0.003	5	6853	3.1M	17s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.899	0.899 ± 0.008	0.886 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.577 ± 0.006	0.866 ± 0.009	5	6630	509k	1.2m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.896	0.896 ± 0.011	0.886 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.574 ± 0.006	0.860 ± 0.009	5	6853	55k	21s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.894	0.894 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.534 ± 0.021	0.801 ± 0.031	5	149780	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.893	0.893 ± 0.006	0.981 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.559 ± 0.022	0.839 ± 0.032	5	149780	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.893	0.893 ± 0.006	0.975 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.540 ± 0.037	0.811 ± 0.056	5	149780	509k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.892	0.892 ± 0.004	0.879 ± 0.004	—	0.803 ± 0.005	0.913 ± 0.004	0.572 ± 0.003	0.858 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.888	0.888 ± 0.002	0.904 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.421 ± 0.004	0.632 ± 0.006	5	149780	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.888	0.888 ± 0.011	0.984 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.568 ± 0.010	0.852 ± 0.014	5	149780	52k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.003	0.867 ± 0.007	—	0.789 ± 0.007	0.903 ± 0.006	0.564 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.016	0.877 ± 0.008	—	0.797 ± 0.015	0.911 ± 0.005	0.570 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.886	0.886 ± 0.004	0.870 ± 0.012	—	0.792 ± 0.013	0.906 ± 0.010	0.566 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.001	0.893 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.412 ± 0.005	0.617 ± 0.008	5	149780	3.1M	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.006	0.870 ± 0.011	—	0.790 ± 0.012	0.906 ± 0.009	0.566 ± 0.007	0.848 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.003	0.955 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.484 ± 0.006	0.725 ± 0.009	5	149780	55k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.883	0.883 ± 0.018	0.870 ± 0.017	—	0.790 ± 0.025	0.906 ± 0.013	0.565 ± 0.013	0.848 ± 0.019	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.008	0.873 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.564 ± 0.007	0.845 ± 0.011	5	6853	52k	17s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.012	0.867 ± 0.007	—	0.784 ± 0.012	0.904 ± 0.006	0.562 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.008	0.963 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.500 ± 0.020	0.750 ± 0.030	5	149780	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.007	0.944 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.467 ± 0.032	0.700 ± 0.047	5	149780	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.005	0.933 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.451 ± 0.034	0.677 ± 0.051	5	149780	55k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.872	0.872 ± 0.009	0.866 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.558 ± 0.007	0.837 ± 0.011	5	6853	509k	54s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.008	0.860 ± 0.015	—	0.773 ± 0.015	0.899 ± 0.013	0.557 ± 0.009	0.836 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.013	0.942 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.462 ± 0.027	0.693 ± 0.041	5	149780	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.013	0.950 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.473 ± 0.030	0.710 ± 0.045	5	149780	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.004	0.942 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.458 ± 0.013	0.687 ± 0.020	5	149780	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.007	0.941 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.458 ± 0.021	0.687 ± 0.031	5	149780	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.010	0.803 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.359 ± 0.006	0.539 ± 0.009	5	149780	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.006	0.893 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.571 ± 0.004	0.856 ± 0.007	5	11928	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.845	0.845 ± 0.007	0.884 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.564 ± 0.004	0.846 ± 0.005	5	11928	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.844	0.844 ± 0.004	0.889 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.567 ± 0.001	0.850 ± 0.001	5	11928	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.843	0.843 ± 0.008	0.883 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.563 ± 0.007	0.845 ± 0.011	5	11928	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.837	0.837 ± 0.008	0.866 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.552 ± 0.007	0.828 ± 0.010	5	11928	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.834	0.834 ± 0.004	0.855 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.545 ± 0.003	0.818 ± 0.005	5	11928	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.830	0.830 ± 0.011	0.858 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.546 ± 0.008	0.819 ± 0.012	5	11928	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.009	0.835 ± 0.026	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.533 ± 0.015	0.800 ± 0.023	5	11928	55k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.827	0.827 ± 0.007	0.889 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.565 ± 0.004	0.848 ± 0.006	5	11673	—	14s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.826	0.826 ± 0.012	0.857 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.545 ± 0.010	0.817 ± 0.016	5	11928	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.826	0.826 ± 0.005	0.787 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.347 ± 0.004	0.520 ± 0.007	5	37620	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.825	0.825 ± 0.013	0.852 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.541 ± 0.008	0.812 ± 0.012	5	11928	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.824	0.824 ± 0.014	0.851 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.541 ± 0.013	0.812 ± 0.019	5	11928	509k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.824	0.824 ± 0.005	0.886 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.563 ± 0.003	0.844 ± 0.004	5	10637	—	14s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.823	0.823 ± 0.007	0.781 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.345 ± 0.006	0.517 ± 0.009	5	37620	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.822	0.822 ± 0.016	0.865 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.381 ± 0.012	0.572 ± 0.018	5	37620	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.818	0.818 ± 0.021	0.805 ± 0.048	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.516 ± 0.028	0.774 ± 0.042	5	11928	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.792	0.792 ± 0.005	0.912 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.406 ± 0.009	0.609 ± 0.014	5	37620	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.790	0.790 ± 0.036	0.859 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.373 ± 0.007	0.560 ± 0.011	5	37620	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.788	0.788 ± 0.012	0.903 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.400 ± 0.021	0.601 ± 0.032	5	37620	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.787	0.787 ± 0.027	0.832 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.363 ± 0.005	0.544 ± 0.007	5	149780	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.779	0.779 ± 0.015	0.908 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.404 ± 0.014	0.606 ± 0.020	5	16980	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.779	0.779 ± 0.015	0.885 ± 0.029	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.387 ± 0.020	0.580 ± 0.031	5	37620	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.779	0.779 ± 0.015	0.885 ± 0.028	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.386 ± 0.018	0.579 ± 0.027	5	37620	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.778	0.778 ± 0.004	0.839 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.363 ± 0.004	0.545 ± 0.006	5	16980	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.777	0.777 ± 0.009	0.882 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.384 ± 0.011	0.576 ± 0.016	5	37620	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.777	0.777 ± 0.005	0.836 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.362 ± 0.005	0.543 ± 0.008	5	16980	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.774	0.774 ± 0.004	0.875 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.379 ± 0.004	0.568 ± 0.007	5	37620	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.773	0.773 ± 0.002	0.720 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.465 ± 0.004	0.698 ± 0.006	5	11928	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.772	0.772 ± 0.016	0.778 ± 0.037	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.494 ± 0.020	0.741 ± 0.030	5	10637	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.770	0.770 ± 0.012	0.868 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.375 ± 0.014	0.563 ± 0.021	5	37620	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.769	0.769 ± 0.005	0.866 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.373 ± 0.005	0.560 ± 0.008	5	37620	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.768	0.768 ± 0.008	0.865 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.373 ± 0.010	0.559 ± 0.015	5	37620	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.767	0.767 ± 0.006	0.706 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.458 ± 0.007	0.686 ± 0.011	5	11928	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.762	0.762 ± 0.006	0.815 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.508 ± 0.011	0.762 ± 0.016	5	11673	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.759	0.759 ± 0.024	0.906 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.397 ± 0.008	0.596 ± 0.013	5	16980	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.757	0.757 ± 0.003	0.819 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.508 ± 0.003	0.762 ± 0.005	5	10637	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.756	0.756 ± 0.008	0.842 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.360 ± 0.008	0.540 ± 0.012	5	37620	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.753	0.753 ± 0.010	0.812 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.504 ± 0.010	0.756 ± 0.015	5	10637	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.752	0.752 ± 0.027	0.783 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.491 ± 0.009	0.736 ± 0.014	5	10637	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.749	0.749 ± 0.017	0.816 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.504 ± 0.007	0.757 ± 0.011	5	11673	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.749	0.749 ± 0.006	0.917 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.404 ± 0.011	0.606 ± 0.017	5	16980	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.747	0.747 ± 0.012	0.802 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.497 ± 0.012	0.746 ± 0.018	5	10637	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.746	0.746 ± 0.061	0.885 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.394 ± 0.012	0.592 ± 0.018	5	37620	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.746	0.746 ± 0.012	0.802 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.497 ± 0.012	0.745 ± 0.018	5	10637	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.746	0.746 ± 0.008	0.801 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.496 ± 0.007	0.745 ± 0.011	5	10637	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.743	0.743 ± 0.013	0.906 ± 0.026	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.395 ± 0.023	0.593 ± 0.035	5	16980	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.741	0.741 ± 0.005	0.793 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.491 ± 0.004	0.737 ± 0.006	5	10637	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.741	0.741 ± 0.005	0.902 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.391 ± 0.007	0.586 ± 0.011	5	16980	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.741	0.741 ± 0.004	0.818 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.502 ± 0.004	0.753 ± 0.006	5	11673	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.740	0.740 ± 0.009	0.792 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.491 ± 0.009	0.736 ± 0.013	5	10637	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.740	0.740 ± 0.009	0.899 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.389 ± 0.014	0.584 ± 0.021	5	16980	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.740	0.740 ± 0.004	0.792 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.490 ± 0.004	0.736 ± 0.006	5	10637	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.739	0.739 ± 0.008	0.899 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.389 ± 0.011	0.583 ± 0.016	5	16980	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.739	0.739 ± 0.011	0.790 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.489 ± 0.010	0.734 ± 0.015	5	10637	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.739	0.739 ± 0.010	0.897 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.388 ± 0.016	0.582 ± 0.023	5	16980	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.737	0.737 ± 0.004	0.894 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.385 ± 0.006	0.577 ± 0.009	5	16980	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.736	0.736 ± 0.011	0.811 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.497 ± 0.012	0.746 ± 0.018	5	11673	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.736	0.736 ± 0.010	0.892 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.384 ± 0.013	0.576 ± 0.020	5	16980	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.735	0.735 ± 0.004	0.811 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.497 ± 0.004	0.746 ± 0.005	5	11673	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.734	0.734 ± 0.007	0.807 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.495 ± 0.007	0.743 ± 0.010	5	11673	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.733	0.733 ± 0.007	0.807 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.495 ± 0.007	0.742 ± 0.010	5	11673	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.733	0.733 ± 0.010	0.886 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.380 ± 0.013	0.570 ± 0.020	5	16980	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.732	0.732 ± 0.011	0.806 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.494 ± 0.012	0.741 ± 0.017	5	11673	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.732	0.732 ± 0.002	0.804 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.493 ± 0.002	0.739 ± 0.003	5	11673	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.730	0.730 ± 0.126	0.962 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.474 ± 0.063	0.711 ± 0.095	5	37620	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.730	0.730 ± 0.009	0.801 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.491 ± 0.009	0.736 ± 0.013	5	11673	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.729	0.729 ± 0.006	0.775 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.480 ± 0.005	0.720 ± 0.008	5	10637	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.729	0.729 ± 0.006	0.878 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.375 ± 0.007	0.562 ± 0.011	5	16980	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.725	0.725 ± 0.012	0.794 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.486 ± 0.011	0.730 ± 0.017	5	11673	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.724	0.724 ± 0.006	0.792 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.486 ± 0.006	0.728 ± 0.009	5	11673	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.723	0.723 ± 0.004	0.724 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.458 ± 0.004	0.688 ± 0.006	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.722	0.722 ± 0.005	0.722 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.457 ± 0.004	0.686 ± 0.006	5	11673	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.714	0.714 ± 0.097	0.973 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.518 ± 0.064	0.777 ± 0.095	5	149780	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.713	0.713 ± 0.091	0.957 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.486 ± 0.032	0.729 ± 0.048	5	16980	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.712	0.712 ± 0.003	0.645 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.421 ± 0.003	0.631 ± 0.004	5	10637	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.709	0.709 ± 0.003	0.640 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.418 ± 0.003	0.626 ± 0.005	5	10637	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.705	0.705 ± 0.040	0.973 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.507 ± 0.029	0.760 ± 0.044	5	149780	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.704	0.704 ± 0.033	0.913 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.399 ± 0.007	0.598 ± 0.010	5	16980	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.698	0.698 ± 0.026	0.960 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.656 ± 0.035	0.656 ± 0.035	5	68604	509k	3.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.694	0.694 ± 0.035	0.960 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.654 ± 0.035	0.654 ± 0.035	5	68604	509k	3.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.694	0.694 ± 0.019	0.960 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.649 ± 0.021	0.649 ± 0.021	5	68604	509k	3.1m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.692	0.692 ± 0.008	0.598 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.393 ± 0.004	0.589 ± 0.006	5	11928	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.689	0.689 ± 0.035	0.958 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.654 ± 0.042	0.654 ± 0.042	5	68604	509k	3.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.687	0.687 ± 0.007	0.768 ± 0.004	0.566 ± 0.028	0.516 ± 0.027	0.957 ± 0.001	0.680 ± 0.006	0.680 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.686	0.686 ± 0.007	0.766 ± 0.006	0.584 ± 0.036	0.486 ± 0.061	0.954 ± 0.005	0.675 ± 0.011	0.675 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.686	0.686 ± 0.022	0.956 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.640 ± 0.020	0.640 ± 0.020	5	68604	509k	2.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.686	0.686 ± 0.009	0.766 ± 0.007	0.572 ± 0.020	0.506 ± 0.026	0.956 ± 0.007	0.678 ± 0.009	0.678 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.685	0.685 ± 0.086	0.978 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.497 ± 0.062	0.746 ± 0.093	5	149780	55k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.685	0.685 ± 0.011	0.961 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.661 ± 0.012	0.661 ± 0.012	5	68604	52k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.684	0.684 ± 0.007	0.766 ± 0.006	0.560 ± 0.048	0.506 ± 0.069	0.957 ± 0.004	0.674 ± 0.012	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.683	0.683 ± 0.010	0.767 ± 0.007	0.578 ± 0.038	0.478 ± 0.072	0.959 ± 0.002	0.672 ± 0.017	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.683	0.683 ± 0.094	0.972 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.459 ± 0.054	0.689 ± 0.081	5	16980	—	14s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.683	0.683 ± 0.064	0.951 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.459 ± 0.044	0.689 ± 0.066	5	37620	509k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.682	0.682 ± 0.006	0.761 ± 0.003	0.602 ± 0.025	0.439 ± 0.042	0.950 ± 0.004	0.663 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.681	0.681 ± 0.011	0.759 ± 0.011	0.594 ± 0.052	0.450 ± 0.065	0.947 ± 0.007	0.664 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.680	0.680 ± 0.007	0.763 ± 0.006	0.573 ± 0.043	0.470 ± 0.108	0.955 ± 0.006	0.666 ± 0.023	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.680	0.680 ± 0.011	0.761 ± 0.010	0.573 ± 0.049	0.479 ± 0.047	0.952 ± 0.005	0.668 ± 0.007	0.668 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.013	0.765 ± 0.009	0.568 ± 0.045	0.483 ± 0.027	0.959 ± 0.001	0.670 ± 0.010	0.670 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.677	0.677 ± 0.010	0.961 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.653 ± 0.009	0.653 ± 0.009	5	68604	52k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.677	0.677 ± 0.101	0.797 ± 0.052	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.474 ± 0.068	0.712 ± 0.102	5	10637	509k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.677	0.677 ± 0.009	0.964 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.659 ± 0.013	0.659 ± 0.013	5	68604	55k	2.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.013	0.960 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.650 ± 0.021	0.650 ± 0.021	5	68604	52k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.004	0.734 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.457 ± 0.002	0.686 ± 0.003	5	11673	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.012	0.758 ± 0.008	0.600 ± 0.020	0.422 ± 0.018	0.949 ± 0.004	0.657 ± 0.008	0.657 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.007	0.959 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.638 ± 0.033	0.638 ± 0.033	5	68604	52k	1.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.013	0.756 ± 0.011	0.601 ± 0.022	0.416 ± 0.078	0.948 ± 0.005	0.655 ± 0.023	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.005	0.758 ± 0.004	0.596 ± 0.012	0.427 ± 0.041	0.950 ± 0.003	0.658 ± 0.010	0.658 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.675	0.675 ± 0.014	0.763 ± 0.011	0.549 ± 0.042	0.500 ± 0.033	0.959 ± 0.004	0.669 ± 0.013	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.675	0.675 ± 0.015	0.960 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.645 ± 0.022	0.645 ± 0.022	5	68604	52k	1.2m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.675	0.675 ± 0.082	0.800 ± 0.044	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.476 ± 0.053	0.714 ± 0.079	5	11673	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.104	0.914 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.400 ± 0.038	0.599 ± 0.057	5	16980	3.1M	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.032	0.955 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.610 ± 0.080	0.610 ± 0.080	5	68604	509k	4.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.013	0.964 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.652 ± 0.014	0.652 ± 0.014	5	68604	55k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.013	0.963 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.648 ± 0.024	0.648 ± 0.024	5	68604	52k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.035	0.960 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.472 ± 0.022	0.708 ± 0.033	5	149780	509k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.673	0.673 ± 0.011	0.758 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.664 ± 0.015	0.664 ± 0.015	5	10844	52k	1.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.673	0.673 ± 0.007	0.957 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.024	0.627 ± 0.024	5	68604	509k	4.4m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.673	0.673 ± 0.015	0.960 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.637 ± 0.028	0.637 ± 0.028	5	68604	52k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.672	0.672 ± 0.026	0.942 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.447 ± 0.022	0.671 ± 0.034	5	16980	509k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.671	0.671 ± 0.008	0.758 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.666 ± 0.010	0.666 ± 0.010	5	10844	55k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.671	0.671 ± 0.006	0.756 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.661 ± 0.009	0.661 ± 0.009	5	10844	52k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.671	0.671 ± 0.007	0.957 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.641 ± 0.015	0.641 ± 0.015	5	68604	55k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.670	0.670 ± 0.006	0.756 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.659 ± 0.013	0.659 ± 0.013	5	10844	52k	1.4m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.670	0.670 ± 0.012	0.958 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.622 ± 0.039	0.622 ± 0.039	5	68604	55k	1.8m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.670	0.670 ± 0.003	0.758 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.662 ± 0.004	0.662 ± 0.004	5	10844	52k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.669	0.669 ± 0.108	0.877 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.379 ± 0.030	0.569 ± 0.046	5	37620	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.668	0.668 ± 0.012	0.756 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.652 ± 0.027	0.652 ± 0.027	5	10844	52k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.668	0.668 ± 0.008	0.755 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.653 ± 0.018	0.653 ± 0.018	5	10844	52k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.010	0.755 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.660 ± 0.012	0.660 ± 0.012	5	10844	55k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.009	0.959 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.641 ± 0.008	0.641 ± 0.008	5	68604	55k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.011	0.954 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.633 ± 0.046	0.633 ± 0.046	5	68604	55k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.007	0.960 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.644 ± 0.015	0.644 ± 0.015	5	68604	55k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.666	0.666 ± 0.008	0.752 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.652 ± 0.017	0.652 ± 0.017	5	10844	509k	3.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.004	0.949 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.617 ± 0.011	0.617 ± 0.011	5	68604	3.1M	55s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.014	0.755 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.654 ± 0.008	0.654 ± 0.008	5	10844	55k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.005	0.754 ± 0.006	0.509 ± 0.034	0.515 ± 0.026	0.956 ± 0.006	0.660 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.015	0.754 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.658 ± 0.016	0.658 ± 0.016	5	10844	55k	2.2m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.063	0.965 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.474 ± 0.042	0.711 ± 0.064	5	16980	55k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.018	0.752 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.659 ± 0.017	0.659 ± 0.017	5	10844	55k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.003	0.755 ± 0.003	0.495 ± 0.025	0.523 ± 0.018	0.959 ± 0.004	0.659 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.015	0.751 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.646 ± 0.039	0.646 ± 0.039	5	10844	52k	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.663	0.663 ± 0.007	0.947 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.606 ± 0.017	0.606 ± 0.017	5	68604	3.1M	55s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.663	0.663 ± 0.007	0.948 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.606 ± 0.008	0.606 ± 0.008	5	68604	3.1M	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.663	0.663 ± 0.005	0.947 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.607 ± 0.011	0.607 ± 0.011	5	68604	3.1M	2.7m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.663	0.663 ± 0.098	0.801 ± 0.052	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.472 ± 0.069	0.708 ± 0.104	5	11928	509k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.662	0.662 ± 0.014	0.749 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.637 ± 0.016	0.637 ± 0.016	5	10844	509k	3.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.662	0.662 ± 0.003	0.948 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.605 ± 0.011	0.605 ± 0.011	5	68604	3.1M	57s
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.662	0.662 ± 0.001	0.950 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.588 ± 0.008	0.588 ± 0.008	5	68604	3.1M	39s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.007	0.746 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.640 ± 0.016	0.640 ± 0.016	5	10844	509k	2.9m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.012	0.722 ± 0.016	0.485 ± 0.039	0.550 ± 0.021	0.901 ± 0.013	0.645 ± 0.014	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.013	0.746 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.635 ± 0.016	0.635 ± 0.016	5	10844	509k	3.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.012	0.747 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.634 ± 0.031	0.634 ± 0.031	5	10844	509k	4.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.008	0.751 ± 0.005	0.501 ± 0.059	0.501 ± 0.043	0.958 ± 0.002	0.653 ± 0.009	0.653 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.659	0.659 ± 0.038	0.953 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.444 ± 0.020	0.666 ± 0.029	5	149780	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.659	0.659 ± 0.078	0.929 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.424 ± 0.033	0.636 ± 0.049	5	16980	52k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.659	0.659 ± 0.006	0.741 ± 0.004	0.550 ± 0.049	0.450 ± 0.068	0.940 ± 0.001	0.647 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.005	0.741 ± 0.004	0.554 ± 0.029	0.450 ± 0.045	0.940 ± 0.003	0.648 ± 0.005	0.648 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.027	0.746 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.048	0.627 ± 0.048	5	10844	509k	4.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.011	0.741 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.643 ± 0.018	0.643 ± 0.018	5	10844	3.1M	55s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.657	0.657 ± 0.021	0.744 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.651 ± 0.023	0.651 ± 0.023	5	10844	55k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.656	0.656 ± 0.010	0.938 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.594 ± 0.041	0.594 ± 0.041	5	68604	3.1M	46s
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.656	0.656 ± 0.015	0.747 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.635 ± 0.031	0.635 ± 0.031	5	10844	55k	1.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.655	0.655 ± 0.011	0.744 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.630 ± 0.017	0.630 ± 0.017	5	10844	509k	3.1m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.655	0.655 ± 0.010	0.723 ± 0.009	0.497 ± 0.061	0.526 ± 0.041	0.906 ± 0.009	0.643 ± 0.013	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.654	0.654 ± 0.104	0.958 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.437 ± 0.051	0.656 ± 0.076	5	37620	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.654	0.654 ± 0.093	0.965 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.476 ± 0.080	0.713 ± 0.121	5	149780	52k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.654	0.654 ± 0.006	0.738 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.645 ± 0.009	0.645 ± 0.009	5	10844	3.1M	2.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.004	0.739 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.641 ± 0.009	0.641 ± 0.009	5	10844	3.1M	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.016	0.742 ± 0.023	0.520 ± 0.034	0.474 ± 0.041	0.949 ± 0.022	0.647 ± 0.019	0.647 ± 0.019	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.003	0.739 ± 0.003	0.515 ± 0.010	0.484 ± 0.014	0.942 ± 0.002	0.647 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.005	0.736 ± 0.005	0.543 ± 0.007	0.452 ± 0.016	0.935 ± 0.004	0.643 ± 0.006	0.643 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.003	0.735 ± 0.004	0.535 ± 0.012	0.464 ± 0.024	0.933 ± 0.003	0.644 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.006	0.738 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.642 ± 0.008	0.642 ± 0.008	5	10844	3.1M	57s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.649	0.649 ± 0.010	0.737 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.644 ± 0.010	0.644 ± 0.010	5	10844	3.1M	55s
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.649	0.649 ± 0.003	0.740 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.609 ± 0.004	0.609 ± 0.004	5	10844	3.1M	39s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.647	0.647 ± 0.026	0.789 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.467 ± 0.017	0.700 ± 0.025	5	11928	55k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.646	0.646 ± 0.010	0.717 ± 0.013	0.480 ± 0.071	0.527 ± 0.028	0.900 ± 0.007	0.636 ± 0.017	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.645	0.645 ± 0.045	0.866 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.355 ± 0.006	0.533 ± 0.009	5	149780	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.644	0.644 ± 0.038	0.775 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.461 ± 0.025	0.692 ± 0.038	5	10637	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.643	0.643 ± 0.094	0.716 ± 0.052	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.442 ± 0.051	0.662 ± 0.076	5	11673	3.1M	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.643	0.643 ± 0.006	0.964 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.650 ± 0.004	0.650 ± 0.004	5	68604	—	12s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.642	0.642 ± 0.018	0.780 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.467 ± 0.011	0.701 ± 0.017	5	11928	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.642	0.642 ± 0.007	0.646 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.421 ± 0.002	0.632 ± 0.003	5	10637	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.640	0.640 ± 0.015	0.727 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.624 ± 0.031	0.624 ± 0.031	5	10844	3.1M	46s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.638	0.638 ± 0.008	0.714 ± 0.008	0.484 ± 0.017	0.505 ± 0.008	0.904 ± 0.003	0.631 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.636	0.636 ± 0.021	0.723 ± 0.022	0.498 ± 0.070	0.437 ± 0.145	0.932 ± 0.019	0.622 ± 0.033	0.622 ± 0.033	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.636	0.636 ± 0.025	0.776 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.460 ± 0.017	0.690 ± 0.025	5	11928	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.632	0.632 ± 0.092	0.955 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.448 ± 0.058	0.672 ± 0.087	5	37620	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.631	0.631 ± 0.043	0.771 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.449 ± 0.029	0.674 ± 0.043	5	11673	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.630	0.630 ± 0.077	0.771 ± 0.041	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.447 ± 0.052	0.670 ± 0.079	5	10637	52k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.628	0.628 ± 0.004	0.977 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.447 ± 0.004	0.671 ± 0.006	5	37620	—	14s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.621	0.621 ± 0.021	0.685 ± 0.007	0.423 ± 0.074	0.495 ± 0.102	0.877 ± 0.004	0.598 ± 0.014	0.598 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.621	0.621 ± 0.056	0.778 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.440 ± 0.042	0.660 ± 0.062	5	11673	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.621	0.621 ± 0.097	0.634 ± 0.053	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.413 ± 0.041	0.619 ± 0.061	5	10637	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.620	0.620 ± 0.151	0.959 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.420 ± 0.094	0.630 ± 0.141	5	37620	52k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.620	0.620 ± 0.011	0.696 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.607 ± 0.009	0.607 ± 0.009	5	5091	55k	55s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.619	0.619 ± 0.063	0.779 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.442 ± 0.049	0.664 ± 0.073	5	11928	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.618	0.618 ± 0.020	0.589 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.375 ± 0.005	0.563 ± 0.008	5	11928	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.615	0.615 ± 0.071	0.761 ± 0.036	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.435 ± 0.049	0.653 ± 0.073	5	11673	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.614	0.614 ± 0.074	0.774 ± 0.034	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.439 ± 0.069	0.659 ± 0.104	5	11928	52k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.613	0.613 ± 0.022	0.692 ± 0.015	0.459 ± 0.080	0.460 ± 0.103	0.883 ± 0.016	0.600 ± 0.017	0.600 ± 0.017	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.610	0.610 ± 0.094	0.946 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.435 ± 0.083	0.653 ± 0.125	5	16980	52k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.607	0.607 ± 0.009	0.680 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.593 ± 0.004	0.593 ± 0.004	5	5091	509k	1.5m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.606	0.606 ± 0.005	0.687 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.596 ± 0.004	0.596 ± 0.004	5	5091	3.1M	49s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.606	0.606 ± 0.017	0.696 ± 0.029	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.591 ± 0.033	0.591 ± 0.033	5	4982	55k	38s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.602	0.602 ± 0.004	0.675 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.573 ± 0.019	0.573 ± 0.019	5	4982	3.1M	19s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.602	0.602 ± 0.017	0.679 ± 0.021	0.415 ± 0.137	0.457 ± 0.100	0.876 ± 0.011	0.583 ± 0.029	0.583 ± 0.029	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.597	0.597 ± 0.136	0.968 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.425 ± 0.109	0.637 ± 0.163	5	16980	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.595	0.595 ± 0.062	0.751 ± 0.028	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.425 ± 0.046	0.638 ± 0.069	5	10637	55k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.595	0.595 ± 0.007	0.717 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.597 ± 0.008	0.597 ± 0.008	5	10844	—	12s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.594	0.594 ± 0.025	0.677 ± 0.039	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.575 ± 0.042	0.575 ± 0.042	5	4982	52k	14s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.593	0.593 ± 0.013	0.676 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.580 ± 0.009	0.580 ± 0.009	5	5091	52k	39s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.591	0.591 ± 0.021	0.661 ± 0.014	0.333 ± 0.129	0.488 ± 0.041	0.868 ± 0.014	0.563 ± 0.033	0.563 ± 0.033	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.589	0.589 ± 0.111	0.763 ± 0.057	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.408 ± 0.088	0.612 ± 0.131	5	11673	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.589	0.589 ± 0.006	0.825 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.440 ± 0.020	0.440 ± 0.020	5	68604	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.589	0.589 ± 0.123	0.751 ± 0.065	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.410 ± 0.102	0.615 ± 0.153	5	10637	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.588	0.588 ± 0.147	0.966 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.410 ± 0.104	0.615 ± 0.156	5	37620	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.585	0.585 ± 0.003	0.818 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.431 ± 0.006	0.431 ± 0.006	5	68604	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.581	0.581 ± 0.091	0.749 ± 0.047	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.407 ± 0.085	0.610 ± 0.128	5	11673	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.579	0.579 ± 0.114	0.751 ± 0.059	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.403 ± 0.091	0.604 ± 0.136	5	10637	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.577	0.577 ± 0.007	0.915 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.522 ± 0.022	0.522 ± 0.022	5	68604	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.574	0.574 ± 0.005	0.925 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.535 ± 0.019	0.535 ± 0.019	5	68604	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.571	0.571 ± 0.005	0.913 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.512 ± 0.029	0.512 ± 0.029	5	68604	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.571	0.571 ± 0.003	0.870 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.399 ± 0.007	0.399 ± 0.007	5	68604	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.570	0.570 ± 0.004	0.908 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.510 ± 0.018	0.510 ± 0.018	5	68604	52k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.569	0.569 ± 0.025	0.654 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.543 ± 0.035	0.543 ± 0.035	5	4982	509k	45s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.569	0.569 ± 0.004	0.915 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.522 ± 0.010	0.522 ± 0.010	5	68604	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.568	0.568 ± 0.006	0.909 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.510 ± 0.011	0.510 ± 0.011	5	68604	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.565	0.565 ± 0.006	0.849 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.386 ± 0.010	0.386 ± 0.010	5	68604	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.564	0.564 ± 0.011	0.794 ± 0.037	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.361 ± 0.017	0.361 ± 0.017	5	68604	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.562	0.562 ± 0.008	0.712 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.330 ± 0.002	0.330 ± 0.002	5	68604	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.562	0.562 ± 0.004	0.699 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.326 ± 0.005	0.326 ± 0.005	5	68604	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.560	0.560 ± 0.010	0.818 ± 0.029	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.370 ± 0.015	0.370 ± 0.015	5	68604	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.560	0.560 ± 0.009	0.825 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.373 ± 0.013	0.373 ± 0.013	5	68604	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.559	0.559 ± 0.006	0.817 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.369 ± 0.010	0.369 ± 0.010	5	68604	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.557	0.557 ± 0.006	0.823 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.371 ± 0.009	0.371 ± 0.009	5	68604	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.556	0.556 ± 0.007	0.791 ± 0.031	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.358 ± 0.013	0.358 ± 0.013	5	68604	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.556	0.556 ± 0.004	0.812 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.366 ± 0.009	0.366 ± 0.009	5	68604	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.555	0.555 ± 0.005	0.809 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.365 ± 0.007	0.365 ± 0.007	5	68604	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.554	0.554 ± 0.012	0.822 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.371 ± 0.013	0.371 ± 0.013	5	68604	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.548	0.548 ± 0.016	0.673 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.537 ± 0.028	0.537 ± 0.028	5	10844	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.544	0.544 ± 0.004	0.651 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.457 ± 0.003	0.457 ± 0.003	5	10844	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.543	0.543 ± 0.012	0.667 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.541 ± 0.014	0.541 ± 0.014	5	10844	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.541	0.541 ± 0.021	0.670 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.536 ± 0.040	0.536 ± 0.040	5	10844	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.539	0.539 ± 0.004	0.765 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.345 ± 0.005	0.345 ± 0.005	5	68604	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.536	0.536 ± 0.006	0.639 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.450 ± 0.005	0.450 ± 0.005	5	10844	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.532	0.532 ± 0.016	0.658 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.528 ± 0.011	0.528 ± 0.011	5	10844	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.532	0.532 ± 0.015	0.663 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.522 ± 0.025	0.522 ± 0.025	5	10844	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.528	0.528 ± 0.028	0.926 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.344 ± 0.013	0.517 ± 0.020	5	149780	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.527	0.527 ± 0.004	0.623 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.441 ± 0.004	0.441 ± 0.004	5	10844	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.524	0.524 ± 0.008	0.620 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.438 ± 0.008	0.438 ± 0.008	5	10844	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.523	0.523 ± 0.007	0.652 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.519 ± 0.004	0.519 ± 0.004	5	10844	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.522	0.522 ± 0.007	0.612 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.434 ± 0.008	0.434 ± 0.008	5	10844	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.521	0.521 ± 0.008	0.616 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.436 ± 0.009	0.436 ± 0.009	5	10844	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.520	0.520 ± 0.031	0.961 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.346 ± 0.022	0.519 ± 0.033	5	37620	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.517	0.517 ± 0.010	0.607 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.431 ± 0.010	0.431 ± 0.010	5	10844	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.516	0.516 ± 0.008	0.602 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.429 ± 0.009	0.429 ± 0.009	5	10844	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.516	0.516 ± 0.006	0.606 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.430 ± 0.007	0.430 ± 0.007	5	10844	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.512	0.512 ± 0.022	0.961 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.342 ± 0.017	0.512 ± 0.025	5	16980	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.505	0.505 ± 0.011	0.577 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.415 ± 0.014	0.415 ± 0.014	5	10844	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.505	0.505 ± 0.020	0.568 ± 0.042	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.411 ± 0.024	0.411 ± 0.024	5	10844	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.501	0.501 ± 0.005	0.575 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.413 ± 0.004	0.413 ± 0.004	5	10844	55k	—
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.000	5	16980	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.735 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.283 ± 0.000	0.424 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.000	5	149780	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.745 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.285 ± 0.000	0.427 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.000	5	37620	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.737 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.283 ± 0.000	0.424 ± 0.000	5	10637	—	0s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.024	0.567 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.333 ± 0.013	0.499 ± 0.019	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.498	0.498 ± 0.000	0.972 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.000	0.493 ± 0.000	5	37620	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.498	0.498 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.328 ± 0.000	0.492 ± 0.000	5	16980	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.494	0.494 ± 0.002	0.726 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.281 ± 0.001	0.421 ± 0.001	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.491	0.491 ± 0.004	0.723 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.280 ± 0.001	0.420 ± 0.002	5	10637	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.490	0.490 ± 0.003	0.705 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.294 ± 0.009	0.441 ± 0.014	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.486	0.486 ± 0.004	0.692 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.297 ± 0.008	0.446 ± 0.013	5	10637	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.480	0.480 ± 0.004	0.514 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.449 ± 0.014	0.449 ± 0.014	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.462	0.462 ± 0.003	0.494 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.438 ± 0.005	0.438 ± 0.005	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.457	0.457 ± 0.024	0.634 ± 0.045	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.296 ± 0.013	0.445 ± 0.019	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.455	0.455 ± 0.002	0.445 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.336 ± 0.005	0.336 ± 0.005	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.453	0.453 ± 0.005	0.435 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.330 ± 0.006	0.330 ± 0.006	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.335	0.335 ± 0.007	0.923 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.327 ± 0.009	0.327 ± 0.009	5	68604	3.1M	—
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.934 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.322 ± 0.000	0.322 ± 0.000	5	68604	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.563 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.240 ± 0.000	0.240 ± 0.000	5	10844	—	0s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.332	0.332 ± 0.000	0.929 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.321 ± 0.000	0.321 ± 0.000	5	68604	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.328	0.328 ± 0.001	0.554 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.238 ± 0.000	0.238 ± 0.000	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.328	0.328 ± 0.002	0.544 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.251 ± 0.010	0.251 ± 0.010	5	10844	3.1M	—

fault_category_local

fault_category_local — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	f1_hif	f1_incipient	f1_shc	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.999	0.999 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.650 ± 0.009	0.976 ± 0.013	5	16980	506k	6.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.999	0.999 ± 0.001	0.997 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.649 ± 0.011	0.974 ± 0.017	5	16980	506k	9.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.000	0.997 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.647 ± 0.001	0.971 ± 0.001	5	16980	506k	6.9m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.997 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.647 ± 0.011	0.970 ± 0.016	5	16980	506k	7.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.997 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.646 ± 0.008	0.970 ± 0.011	5	16980	506k	6.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.000	0.997 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.645 ± 0.004	0.967 ± 0.005	5	16980	506k	6.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.000	0.997 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.645 ± 0.005	0.967 ± 0.008	5	16980	49k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.642 ± 0.006	0.963 ± 0.009	5	16980	506k	7.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.641 ± 0.010	0.962 ± 0.014	5	16980	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.640 ± 0.006	0.960 ± 0.010	5	16980	49k	3.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.000	0.996 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.639 ± 0.004	0.958 ± 0.006	5	16980	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.996 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.639 ± 0.012	0.958 ± 0.018	5	16980	49k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.998	0.998 ± 0.001	0.995 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.638 ± 0.006	0.957 ± 0.009	5	16980	49k	1.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.997	0.997 ± 0.000	0.994 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.631 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.002	5	149780	—	12s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.995	0.995 ± 0.002	0.990 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.609 ± 0.018	0.913 ± 0.028	5	16980	53k	2.0m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.005	0.989 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.607 ± 0.043	0.911 ± 0.064	5	16980	49k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.994	0.994 ± 0.002	0.987 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.598 ± 0.017	0.896 ± 0.025	5	16980	53k	3.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.002	0.987 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.596 ± 0.018	0.895 ± 0.027	5	16980	53k	1.7m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.001	0.986 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.593 ± 0.007	0.890 ± 0.010	5	149780	1.6M	29s
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.001	0.986 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.592 ± 0.007	0.888 ± 0.011	5	149780	53k	57s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.002	0.985 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.587 ± 0.019	0.881 ± 0.028	5	16980	53k	1.6m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.003	0.985 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.586 ± 0.022	0.880 ± 0.033	5	16980	53k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.584 ± 0.012	0.876 ± 0.018	5	16980	53k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.992	0.992 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.582 ± 0.014	0.873 ± 0.022	5	16980	53k	1.6m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.574 ± 0.005	0.861 ± 0.007	5	37620	53k	1.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.572 ± 0.004	0.857 ± 0.006	5	16980	1.6M	38s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.570 ± 0.003	0.856 ± 0.004	5	16980	1.6M	38s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.004	0.978 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.564 ± 0.025	0.847 ± 0.037	5	149780	53k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.561 ± 0.004	0.841 ± 0.007	5	16980	1.6M	39s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.560 ± 0.003	0.840 ± 0.004	5	16980	1.6M	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.560 ± 0.005	0.840 ± 0.007	5	16980	1.6M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.559 ± 0.005	0.839 ± 0.008	5	16980	1.6M	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.004	0.977 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.561 ± 0.028	0.842 ± 0.042	5	149780	53k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.005	0.977 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.560 ± 0.032	0.840 ± 0.048	5	149780	53k	5.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.015	0.984 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.582 ± 0.025	0.873 ± 0.038	5	37620	506k	6.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.006	0.976 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.556 ± 0.035	0.834 ± 0.052	5	149780	53k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.004	0.974 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.549 ± 0.025	0.824 ± 0.037	5	149780	53k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.011	0.971 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.547 ± 0.059	0.820 ± 0.088	5	149780	53k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.017	0.971 ± 0.034	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.558 ± 0.093	0.838 ± 0.139	5	149780	506k	6.6m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.534 ± 0.005	0.801 ± 0.007	5	37620	1.6M	52s
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.536 ± 0.004	0.804 ± 0.007	5	16980	1.6M	52s
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.005	0.970 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.537 ± 0.024	0.806 ± 0.036	5	149780	49k	28s
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.006	0.969 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.538 ± 0.032	0.807 ± 0.047	5	149780	506k	2.3m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.005	0.968 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.530 ± 0.030	0.795 ± 0.045	5	37620	506k	4.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.009	0.968 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.537 ± 0.056	0.805 ± 0.084	5	149780	506k	5.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.016	0.980 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.567 ± 0.035	0.850 ± 0.052	5	37620	506k	5.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.017	0.967 ± 0.034	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.547 ± 0.086	0.821 ± 0.129	5	149780	506k	6.8m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.005	0.966 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.525 ± 0.023	0.787 ± 0.034	5	37620	49k	58s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.015	0.966 ± 0.030	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.539 ± 0.078	0.808 ± 0.116	5	149780	506k	5.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.519 ± 0.008	0.778 ± 0.012	5	149780	1.6M	37s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.020	0.961 ± 0.039	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.533 ± 0.088	0.799 ± 0.133	5	149780	506k	4.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.025	0.973 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.552 ± 0.073	0.828 ± 0.110	5	37620	506k	4.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.514 ± 0.007	0.771 ± 0.011	5	149780	1.6M	39s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.019	0.978 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.560 ± 0.036	0.839 ± 0.054	5	37620	506k	7.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.977	0.977 ± 0.025	0.980 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.564 ± 0.034	0.846 ± 0.051	5	37620	506k	5.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.014	0.953 ± 0.028	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.505 ± 0.062	0.758 ± 0.094	5	149780	506k	4.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.974	0.974 ± 0.001	0.949 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.490 ± 0.002	0.735 ± 0.003	5	149780	1.6M	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.973	0.973 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.488 ± 0.007	0.733 ± 0.011	5	149780	1.6M	40s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.972	0.972 ± 0.012	0.946 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.489 ± 0.044	0.733 ± 0.065	5	149780	49k	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.002	0.942 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.479 ± 0.007	0.718 ± 0.010	5	149780	1.6M	39s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.001	0.940 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.475 ± 0.004	0.712 ± 0.006	5	149780	1.6M	40s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.027	0.977 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.555 ± 0.044	0.833 ± 0.067	5	37620	506k	4.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.001	0.938 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.468 ± 0.003	0.702 ± 0.005	5	37620	1.6M	36s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.006	0.938 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.473 ± 0.020	0.710 ± 0.030	5	149780	49k	1.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	—	0.918 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	0.629 ± 0.001	0.943 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	—	0.917 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.000	0.628 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.000	0.954 ± 0.000	—	0.918 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.000	0.629 ± 0.000	0.943 ± 0.000	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.001	0.937 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.466 ± 0.003	0.699 ± 0.004	5	37620	1.6M	34s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.005	0.937 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.471 ± 0.015	0.706 ± 0.023	5	149780	49k	52s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.000	0.953 ± 0.000	—	0.918 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.000	0.629 ± 0.000	0.943 ± 0.000	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.000	0.953 ± 0.000	—	0.918 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.000	0.628 ± 0.000	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	—	0.918 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.000	0.628 ± 0.000	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.002	0.937 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.465 ± 0.005	0.698 ± 0.008	5	37620	1.6M	36s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	—	0.917 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.000	0.628 ± 0.001	0.942 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.000	—	0.917 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.000	0.628 ± 0.000	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.011	0.936 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.472 ± 0.039	0.709 ± 0.059	5	149780	49k	58s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	—	0.916 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.001	0.627 ± 0.001	0.941 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	—	0.916 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.000	0.628 ± 0.000	0.941 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.935 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.463 ± 0.002	0.695 ± 0.003	5	37620	1.6M	35s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	—	0.915 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.627 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	—	0.916 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.001	0.627 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.002	0.934 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.462 ± 0.004	0.693 ± 0.007	5	37620	1.6M	34s
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.002	0.954 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.629 ± 0.001	0.943 ± 0.002	5	11673	506k	7.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.006	0.934 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.462 ± 0.015	0.693 ± 0.023	5	37620	1.6M	2.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.004	0.936 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.470 ± 0.017	0.704 ± 0.025	5	149780	49k	56s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.001	0.941 ± 0.001	5	11673	506k	6.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.000	0.952 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.000	0.941 ± 0.000	5	11673	506k	6.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.001	0.951 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.001	0.940 ± 0.001	5	11673	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.001	0.951 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.000	0.941 ± 0.001	5	11673	49k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.001	0.951 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.000	0.941 ± 0.001	5	11673	506k	6.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.951 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.000	0.941 ± 0.001	5	11673	506k	7.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.951 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.001	0.941 ± 0.001	5	11673	506k	6.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.951 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.001	0.940 ± 0.002	5	11673	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.000	0.951 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.000	0.940 ± 0.000	5	11673	49k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.002	0.951 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.001	0.940 ± 0.002	5	11673	506k	9.9m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.005	0.951 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.626 ± 0.005	0.940 ± 0.007	5	11673	49k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.014	0.928 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.462 ± 0.044	0.694 ± 0.066	5	149780	49k	4.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.003	0.947 ± 0.003	—	0.908 ± 0.005	0.963 ± 0.002	0.624 ± 0.002	0.935 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.002	0.946 ± 0.003	—	0.906 ± 0.004	0.962 ± 0.002	0.623 ± 0.002	0.934 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.002	0.945 ± 0.003	—	0.904 ± 0.005	0.961 ± 0.002	0.622 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.003	0.948 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.624 ± 0.002	0.937 ± 0.003	5	11673	49k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.003	0.945 ± 0.003	—	0.904 ± 0.006	0.961 ± 0.002	0.622 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.003	0.948 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.624 ± 0.002	0.936 ± 0.003	5	11673	49k	3.0m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.001	0.947 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.623 ± 0.001	0.934 ± 0.002	5	11928	53k	57s
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.002	0.946 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.623 ± 0.001	0.935 ± 0.002	5	10637	53k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.009	0.962 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.513 ± 0.034	0.769 ± 0.050	5	37620	49k	1.2m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.624 ± 0.001	0.937 ± 0.002	5	11673	53k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.004	0.943 ± 0.004	—	0.901 ± 0.006	0.960 ± 0.003	0.620 ± 0.003	0.931 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.001	0.945 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.621 ± 0.001	0.932 ± 0.002	5	11928	1.6M	29s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.002	0.944 ± 0.002	—	0.902 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.001	0.621 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.959	0.959 ± 0.009	0.969 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.526 ± 0.012	0.790 ± 0.018	5	37620	49k	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.010	0.971 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.531 ± 0.008	0.796 ± 0.012	5	37620	49k	1.1m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.004	0.940 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.618 ± 0.004	0.927 ± 0.005	5	10637	49k	58s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.008	0.963 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.515 ± 0.037	0.773 ± 0.056	5	37620	49k	2.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.001	0.938 ± 0.001	—	0.893 ± 0.002	0.956 ± 0.001	0.616 ± 0.001	0.925 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.001	0.937 ± 0.001	—	0.893 ± 0.002	0.956 ± 0.001	0.616 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.001	0.937 ± 0.002	—	0.892 ± 0.003	0.955 ± 0.001	0.616 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.004	0.972 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.533 ± 0.009	0.800 ± 0.014	5	37620	49k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.004	0.974 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.540 ± 0.008	0.810 ± 0.012	5	37620	49k	59s
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.005	0.939 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.616 ± 0.006	0.925 ± 0.009	5	11928	49k	28s
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.004	0.939 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.616 ± 0.004	0.925 ± 0.006	5	11928	506k	2.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.001	0.936 ± 0.001	—	0.891 ± 0.001	0.955 ± 0.000	0.615 ± 0.001	0.923 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.004	0.942 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.620 ± 0.003	0.930 ± 0.005	5	11673	53k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.004	0.943 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.620 ± 0.003	0.930 ± 0.004	5	11673	53k	2.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.001	0.935 ± 0.001	—	0.889 ± 0.002	0.954 ± 0.001	0.614 ± 0.001	0.922 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.001	0.935 ± 0.001	—	0.889 ± 0.001	0.954 ± 0.001	0.614 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.007	0.935 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.615 ± 0.007	0.922 ± 0.011	5	10637	506k	4.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.006	0.940 ± 0.008	—	0.894 ± 0.012	0.958 ± 0.005	0.617 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.005	0.940 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.618 ± 0.004	0.927 ± 0.006	5	11673	53k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.004	0.941 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.619 ± 0.003	0.928 ± 0.004	5	11673	53k	3.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.953	0.953 ± 0.005	0.939 ± 0.007	—	0.893 ± 0.011	0.958 ± 0.005	0.617 ± 0.005	0.925 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.006	0.943 ± 0.006	—	0.900 ± 0.010	0.960 ± 0.004	0.620 ± 0.004	0.930 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.006	0.943 ± 0.004	—	0.901 ± 0.008	0.961 ± 0.003	0.620 ± 0.004	0.931 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.011	0.959 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.501 ± 0.014	0.752 ± 0.021	5	37620	53k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.002	0.942 ± 0.002	—	0.898 ± 0.004	0.959 ± 0.002	0.619 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.001	0.935 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.615 ± 0.001	0.922 ± 0.001	5	11673	1.6M	38s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.000	0.934 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.614 ± 0.000	0.921 ± 0.001	5	11673	1.6M	38s
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.001	0.936 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.615 ± 0.001	0.922 ± 0.001	5	11673	1.6M	52s
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.000	0.962 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.633 ± 0.001	0.950 ± 0.001	5	11928	—	12s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.007	0.937 ± 0.008	—	0.889 ± 0.013	0.956 ± 0.006	0.615 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.005	0.939 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.617 ± 0.004	0.925 ± 0.005	5	11673	53k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.011	0.937 ± 0.012	—	0.888 ± 0.019	0.956 ± 0.008	0.615 ± 0.009	0.922 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.009	0.939 ± 0.012	—	0.894 ± 0.019	0.957 ± 0.009	0.617 ± 0.009	0.926 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.005	0.937 ± 0.007	—	0.888 ± 0.010	0.956 ± 0.005	0.615 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.002	0.940 ± 0.003	—	0.896 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.002	0.618 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.009	0.938 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.616 ± 0.006	0.925 ± 0.010	5	10637	506k	5.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.950	0.950 ± 0.001	0.933 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.001	0.919 ± 0.001	5	11673	1.6M	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.001	0.934 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.001	0.920 ± 0.002	5	11673	1.6M	39s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.001	0.933 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.001	0.919 ± 0.001	5	11673	1.6M	53s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.009	0.939 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.617 ± 0.006	0.925 ± 0.008	5	10637	506k	6.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.000	0.933 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.001	0.919 ± 0.001	5	11673	1.6M	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.004	0.938 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.615 ± 0.004	0.923 ± 0.006	5	11928	53k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.004	0.959 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.502 ± 0.013	0.753 ± 0.020	5	37620	53k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.004	0.935 ± 0.010	—	0.888 ± 0.014	0.954 ± 0.008	0.614 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.002	0.940 ± 0.003	—	0.895 ± 0.005	0.958 ± 0.002	0.618 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.005	0.937 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.615 ± 0.005	0.922 ± 0.008	5	11928	53k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.007	0.935 ± 0.007	—	0.885 ± 0.011	0.955 ± 0.005	0.613 ± 0.005	0.920 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.005	0.938 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.616 ± 0.003	0.924 ± 0.004	5	11673	53k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.506 ± 0.014	0.760 ± 0.021	5	37620	53k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.010	0.933 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.010	0.919 ± 0.015	5	10637	506k	4.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.008	0.936 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.615 ± 0.006	0.922 ± 0.009	5	10637	506k	5.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.004	0.936 ± 0.003	—	0.890 ± 0.006	0.955 ± 0.002	0.615 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.006	0.938 ± 0.004	—	0.891 ± 0.007	0.956 ± 0.003	0.616 ± 0.003	0.924 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.499 ± 0.018	0.748 ± 0.026	5	37620	53k	2.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.009	0.935 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.007	0.920 ± 0.011	5	11928	53k	5.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.004	0.936 ± 0.004	—	0.889 ± 0.006	0.955 ± 0.003	0.615 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.005	0.960 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.503 ± 0.021	0.755 ± 0.031	5	37620	53k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.004	0.935 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.614 ± 0.004	0.921 ± 0.006	5	10637	506k	7.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.003	0.934 ± 0.008	—	0.886 ± 0.011	0.953 ± 0.006	0.613 ± 0.006	0.919 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.011	0.935 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.009	0.919 ± 0.014	5	11928	53k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.008	0.930 ± 0.015	—	0.878 ± 0.022	0.951 ± 0.011	0.610 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.001	0.956 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.495 ± 0.009	0.742 ± 0.013	5	37620	53k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.002	0.933 ± 0.004	—	0.885 ± 0.006	0.953 ± 0.003	0.612 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.002	0.926 ± 0.002	—	0.873 ± 0.004	0.948 ± 0.002	0.607 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.003	0.937 ± 0.001	—	0.890 ± 0.002	0.956 ± 0.001	0.615 ± 0.001	0.923 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.005	0.934 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.612 ± 0.006	0.918 ± 0.009	5	11928	53k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.009	0.929 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.608 ± 0.012	0.913 ± 0.018	5	11928	506k	5.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.017	0.932 ± 0.031	—	0.882 ± 0.046	0.952 ± 0.023	0.611 ± 0.023	0.917 ± 0.035	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.008	0.935 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.612 ± 0.006	0.919 ± 0.009	5	11928	53k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.002	0.924 ± 0.002	—	0.870 ± 0.003	0.947 ± 0.001	0.606 ± 0.001	0.908 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.019	0.931 ± 0.034	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.610 ± 0.025	0.916 ± 0.038	5	11928	506k	6.6m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.001	0.923 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.605 ± 0.001	0.908 ± 0.002	5	10637	1.6M	52s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.002	0.931 ± 0.003	—	0.882 ± 0.004	0.951 ± 0.002	0.611 ± 0.002	0.917 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.002	0.931 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.611 ± 0.002	0.916 ± 0.002	5	10637	49k	1.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.019	0.928 ± 0.031	—	0.876 ± 0.046	0.949 ± 0.024	0.609 ± 0.023	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.019	0.929 ± 0.033	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.609 ± 0.024	0.914 ± 0.036	5	11928	506k	6.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.003	0.931 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.611 ± 0.002	0.916 ± 0.003	5	10637	49k	1.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.007	0.934 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.005	0.919 ± 0.008	5	10637	506k	4.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.002	0.930 ± 0.001	—	0.880 ± 0.002	0.951 ± 0.001	0.610 ± 0.001	0.915 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.005	0.929 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.609 ± 0.007	0.914 ± 0.010	5	10637	49k	2.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.017	0.926 ± 0.030	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.606 ± 0.022	0.910 ± 0.033	5	11928	506k	5.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.002	0.930 ± 0.003	—	0.880 ± 0.004	0.951 ± 0.002	0.610 ± 0.002	0.915 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.004	0.931 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.611 ± 0.002	0.916 ± 0.004	5	10637	49k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.002	0.930 ± 0.003	—	0.879 ± 0.004	0.951 ± 0.002	0.610 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.002	0.922 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.603 ± 0.002	0.905 ± 0.003	5	11928	1.6M	37s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.021	0.923 ± 0.033	—	0.868 ± 0.048	0.945 ± 0.025	0.605 ± 0.024	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.003	0.927 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.608 ± 0.005	0.912 ± 0.008	5	10637	49k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.002	0.932 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.611 ± 0.001	0.917 ± 0.002	5	10637	49k	59s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.017	0.924 ± 0.029	—	0.870 ± 0.042	0.947 ± 0.022	0.606 ± 0.021	0.908 ± 0.032	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.023	0.922 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.604 ± 0.026	0.906 ± 0.039	5	11928	506k	4.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.001	0.920 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.602 ± 0.001	0.903 ± 0.001	5	11928	1.6M	39s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.001	0.916 ± 0.001	—	0.858 ± 0.002	0.941 ± 0.001	0.600 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.939	0.939 ± 0.002	0.916 ± 0.002	—	0.858 ± 0.004	0.940 ± 0.002	0.599 ± 0.002	0.899 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.938	0.938 ± 0.020	0.916 ± 0.029	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.599 ± 0.022	0.899 ± 0.032	5	11928	506k	4.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.938	0.938 ± 0.018	0.916 ± 0.026	—	0.858 ± 0.039	0.940 ± 0.020	0.599 ± 0.020	0.899 ± 0.029	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.938	0.938 ± 0.007	0.926 ± 0.007	—	0.873 ± 0.011	0.948 ± 0.005	0.607 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.001	0.913 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.597 ± 0.001	0.895 ± 0.001	5	11928	1.6M	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.002	0.913 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.597 ± 0.002	0.895 ± 0.003	5	11928	1.6M	40s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.001	0.911 ± 0.001	—	0.850 ± 0.002	0.936 ± 0.001	0.595 ± 0.001	0.893 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.935	0.935 ± 0.015	0.911 ± 0.023	—	0.851 ± 0.033	0.936 ± 0.017	0.596 ± 0.017	0.893 ± 0.025	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.935	0.935 ± 0.001	0.873 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.405 ± 0.002	0.608 ± 0.003	5	149780	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.935	0.935 ± 0.002	0.909 ± 0.002	—	0.848 ± 0.003	0.935 ± 0.002	0.595 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.934	0.934 ± 0.001	0.909 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.594 ± 0.001	0.891 ± 0.001	5	11928	1.6M	39s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.934	0.934 ± 0.000	0.907 ± 0.001	—	0.849 ± 0.001	0.933 ± 0.001	0.594 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.934	0.934 ± 0.002	0.907 ± 0.003	—	0.849 ± 0.004	0.933 ± 0.002	0.594 ± 0.002	0.891 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.933	0.933 ± 0.005	0.922 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.604 ± 0.004	0.906 ± 0.006	5	10637	53k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.933	0.933 ± 0.001	0.907 ± 0.001	—	0.848 ± 0.002	0.933 ± 0.001	0.594 ± 0.001	0.891 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.933	0.933 ± 0.003	0.922 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.603 ± 0.002	0.905 ± 0.003	5	10637	53k	1.5m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.933	0.933 ± 0.002	0.909 ± 0.002	—	0.850 ± 0.003	0.935 ± 0.001	0.595 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.932	0.932 ± 0.004	0.922 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.603 ± 0.003	0.905 ± 0.005	5	10637	53k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.932	0.932 ± 0.002	0.907 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.593 ± 0.002	0.889 ± 0.003	5	11928	1.6M	40s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.932	0.932 ± 0.016	0.907 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.593 ± 0.017	0.889 ± 0.026	5	11928	49k	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.931	0.931 ± 0.001	0.904 ± 0.001	—	0.845 ± 0.002	0.930 ± 0.001	0.592 ± 0.001	0.888 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.931	0.931 ± 0.006	0.904 ± 0.010	—	0.844 ± 0.013	0.930 ± 0.008	0.591 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.930	0.930 ± 0.001	0.902 ± 0.003	—	0.842 ± 0.003	0.929 ± 0.002	0.591 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.930	0.930 ± 0.014	0.903 ± 0.021	—	0.839 ± 0.030	0.930 ± 0.016	0.590 ± 0.015	0.885 ± 0.023	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.930	0.930 ± 0.009	0.902 ± 0.012	—	0.839 ± 0.017	0.930 ± 0.009	0.590 ± 0.009	0.884 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.930	0.930 ± 0.003	0.920 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.602 ± 0.001	0.903 ± 0.001	5	10637	53k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.929	0.929 ± 0.001	0.905 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.592 ± 0.001	0.888 ± 0.002	5	10637	1.6M	34s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.929	0.929 ± 0.012	0.902 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.589 ± 0.014	0.883 ± 0.021	5	11928	49k	58s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.929	0.929 ± 0.004	0.866 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.400 ± 0.004	0.600 ± 0.006	5	149780	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.001	0.904 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.591 ± 0.002	0.887 ± 0.003	5	10637	1.6M	36s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.003	0.920 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.602 ± 0.002	0.903 ± 0.003	5	10637	53k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.005	0.900 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.587 ± 0.007	0.881 ± 0.010	5	11928	49k	1.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.003	0.904 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.591 ± 0.003	0.887 ± 0.005	5	10637	1.6M	36s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.927	0.927 ± 0.004	0.900 ± 0.005	—	0.835 ± 0.007	0.928 ± 0.004	0.588 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.927	0.927 ± 0.002	0.908 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.593 ± 0.002	0.889 ± 0.003	5	7154	1.6M	23s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.927	0.927 ± 0.003	0.898 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.586 ± 0.002	0.879 ± 0.003	5	11928	49k	52s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.927	0.927 ± 0.001	0.910 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.598 ± 0.002	0.897 ± 0.004	5	6758	1.6M	24s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.927	0.927 ± 0.003	0.899 ± 0.006	—	0.834 ± 0.007	0.928 ± 0.005	0.587 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.926	0.926 ± 0.004	0.897 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.585 ± 0.004	0.878 ± 0.005	5	11928	49k	56s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.926	0.926 ± 0.002	0.900 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.588 ± 0.002	0.882 ± 0.003	5	10637	1.6M	35s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.925	0.925 ± 0.008	0.900 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.589 ± 0.008	0.883 ± 0.012	5	10637	1.6M	2.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.924	0.924 ± 0.001	0.898 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.587 ± 0.002	0.881 ± 0.003	5	10637	1.6M	34s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.924	0.924 ± 0.011	0.915 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.598 ± 0.006	0.897 ± 0.009	5	10637	53k	2.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.923	0.923 ± 0.015	0.894 ± 0.022	—	0.827 ± 0.031	0.924 ± 0.017	0.584 ± 0.016	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.923	0.923 ± 0.023	0.904 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.427 ± 0.006	0.640 ± 0.009	5	149780	49k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.014	0.894 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.583 ± 0.015	0.874 ± 0.022	5	11928	49k	4.0m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.010	0.909 ± 0.009	—	0.845 ± 0.014	0.935 ± 0.007	0.593 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.005	0.909 ± 0.009	—	0.846 ± 0.013	0.936 ± 0.007	0.594 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.001	0.901 ± 0.003	—	0.839 ± 0.004	0.929 ± 0.003	0.589 ± 0.002	0.884 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.921	0.921 ± 0.035	0.901 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.424 ± 0.008	0.636 ± 0.011	5	149780	506k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.915	0.915 ± 0.006	0.906 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.590 ± 0.007	0.886 ± 0.010	5	7154	49k	42s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.915	0.915 ± 0.005	0.894 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.587 ± 0.006	0.880 ± 0.009	5	6758	49k	26s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.910	0.910 ± 0.003	0.904 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.588 ± 0.005	0.882 ± 0.008	5	7154	506k	2.1m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.908	0.908 ± 0.028	0.929 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.451 ± 0.016	0.676 ± 0.024	5	149780	49k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.908	0.908 ± 0.009	0.891 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.584 ± 0.008	0.876 ± 0.012	5	6758	506k	1.5m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.906	0.906 ± 0.002	0.884 ± 0.007	—	0.815 ± 0.007	0.916 ± 0.006	0.577 ± 0.004	0.865 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.904	0.904 ± 0.009	0.885 ± 0.009	—	0.815 ± 0.010	0.917 ± 0.007	0.577 ± 0.005	0.866 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.901	0.901 ± 0.010	0.888 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.581 ± 0.010	0.872 ± 0.015	5	6758	53k	41s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.901	0.901 ± 0.004	0.888 ± 0.021	—	0.814 ± 0.021	0.920 ± 0.017	0.578 ± 0.013	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.898	0.898 ± 0.006	0.883 ± 0.012	—	0.810 ± 0.014	0.915 ± 0.010	0.575 ± 0.008	0.862 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.890	0.890 ± 0.055	0.873 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.397 ± 0.006	0.596 ± 0.009	5	16980	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.888	0.888 ± 0.030	0.915 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.431 ± 0.014	0.647 ± 0.021	5	149780	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.064	0.905 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.417 ± 0.008	0.626 ± 0.012	5	37620	49k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.009	0.874 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.566 ± 0.015	0.849 ± 0.022	5	7154	53k	37s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.065	0.887 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.403 ± 0.007	0.605 ± 0.010	5	37620	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.051	0.854 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.385 ± 0.003	0.577 ± 0.005	5	16980	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.045	0.791 ± 0.026	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.416 ± 0.028	0.623 ± 0.043	5	16980	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.027	0.779 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.351 ± 0.011	0.527 ± 0.017	5	149780	49k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.018	0.855 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.551 ± 0.016	0.826 ± 0.024	5	6853	1.6M	16s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.009	0.859 ± 0.009	—	0.770 ± 0.013	0.898 ± 0.007	0.556 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.008	0.847 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.550 ± 0.010	0.824 ± 0.015	5	6630	1.6M	45s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.015	0.847 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.550 ± 0.008	0.824 ± 0.012	5	6630	49k	29s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.034	0.735 ± 0.066	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.334 ± 0.026	0.501 ± 0.038	5	16980	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.024	0.835 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.539 ± 0.012	0.809 ± 0.018	5	11928	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.018	0.733 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.333 ± 0.014	0.499 ± 0.021	5	16980	49k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.010	0.853 ± 0.018	—	0.763 ± 0.020	0.894 ± 0.016	0.552 ± 0.012	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.007	0.854 ± 0.017	—	0.763 ± 0.014	0.895 ± 0.015	0.552 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.001	0.835 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.542 ± 0.006	0.813 ± 0.008	5	6630	53k	46s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.011	0.858 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.551 ± 0.010	0.827 ± 0.015	5	6853	49k	19s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.020	0.847 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.544 ± 0.007	0.817 ± 0.011	5	6853	506k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.009	0.723 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.007	0.493 ± 0.010	5	16980	506k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.012	0.846 ± 0.016	—	0.755 ± 0.018	0.888 ± 0.013	0.548 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.009	0.842 ± 0.016	—	0.751 ± 0.018	0.884 ± 0.013	0.545 ± 0.010	0.817 ± 0.015	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.037	0.783 ± 0.058	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.352 ± 0.024	0.528 ± 0.036	5	149780	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.026	0.721 ± 0.051	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.328 ± 0.020	0.492 ± 0.029	5	16980	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.027	0.814 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.364 ± 0.005	0.546 ± 0.008	5	149780	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.014	0.780 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.350 ± 0.010	0.525 ± 0.015	5	149780	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.853	0.853 ± 0.015	0.844 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.543 ± 0.011	0.814 ± 0.016	5	11928	49k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.008	0.840 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.540 ± 0.010	0.810 ± 0.016	5	6853	53k	29s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.851	0.851 ± 0.018	0.786 ± 0.030	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.352 ± 0.010	0.528 ± 0.015	5	149780	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.851	0.851 ± 0.044	0.814 ± 0.028	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.363 ± 0.008	0.545 ± 0.012	5	149780	53k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.851	0.851 ± 0.005	0.832 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.539 ± 0.010	0.808 ± 0.016	5	6630	506k	1.3m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.003	0.832 ± 0.006	—	0.739 ± 0.003	0.876 ± 0.006	0.538 ± 0.003	0.807 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.012	0.840 ± 0.012	—	0.744 ± 0.011	0.884 ± 0.011	0.543 ± 0.007	0.814 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.026	0.782 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.350 ± 0.007	0.525 ± 0.010	5	149780	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.846	0.846 ± 0.011	0.699 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.320 ± 0.008	0.479 ± 0.011	5	16980	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.844	0.844 ± 0.023	0.696 ± 0.044	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.319 ± 0.016	0.478 ± 0.025	5	16980	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.844	0.844 ± 0.043	0.808 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.522 ± 0.024	0.783 ± 0.036	5	11928	506k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.842	0.842 ± 0.021	0.826 ± 0.014	—	0.729 ± 0.024	0.872 ± 0.011	0.534 ± 0.011	0.801 ± 0.017	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.841	0.841 ± 0.028	0.766 ± 0.045	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.344 ± 0.018	0.515 ± 0.027	5	149780	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.010	0.689 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.316 ± 0.007	0.474 ± 0.011	5	16980	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.028	0.692 ± 0.052	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.316 ± 0.019	0.474 ± 0.029	5	37620	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.837	0.837 ± 0.008	0.695 ± 0.036	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.316 ± 0.012	0.475 ± 0.018	5	37620	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.835	0.835 ± 0.024	0.677 ± 0.047	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.312 ± 0.017	0.468 ± 0.025	5	16980	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.831	0.831 ± 0.025	0.703 ± 0.056	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.319 ± 0.020	0.478 ± 0.030	5	37620	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.831	0.831 ± 0.043	0.811 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.523 ± 0.015	0.784 ± 0.023	5	10637	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.826	0.826 ± 0.029	0.813 ± 0.029	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.521 ± 0.020	0.782 ± 0.030	5	11928	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.821	0.821 ± 0.015	0.658 ± 0.034	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.303 ± 0.012	0.455 ± 0.018	5	37620	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.821	0.821 ± 0.027	0.689 ± 0.071	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.314 ± 0.025	0.471 ± 0.038	5	37620	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.820	0.820 ± 0.122	0.923 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.421 ± 0.031	0.631 ± 0.047	5	37620	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.818	0.818 ± 0.030	0.737 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.374 ± 0.017	0.561 ± 0.026	5	37620	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.813	0.813 ± 0.003	0.736 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.480 ± 0.003	0.719 ± 0.004	5	11928	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.809	0.809 ± 0.011	0.640 ± 0.045	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.297 ± 0.015	0.445 ± 0.022	5	37620	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.807	0.807 ± 0.078	0.791 ± 0.034	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.508 ± 0.033	0.761 ± 0.049	5	11673	49k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.807	0.807 ± 0.005	0.877 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.553 ± 0.003	0.829 ± 0.005	5	11673	—	11s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.806	0.806 ± 0.009	0.728 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.475 ± 0.007	0.712 ± 0.010	5	11928	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.806	0.806 ± 0.122	0.881 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.389 ± 0.027	0.584 ± 0.040	5	16980	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.803	0.803 ± 0.003	0.624 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.291 ± 0.005	0.437 ± 0.008	5	37620	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.802	0.802 ± 0.021	0.616 ± 0.044	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.289 ± 0.015	0.433 ± 0.023	5	37620	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.788	0.788 ± 0.067	0.763 ± 0.038	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.490 ± 0.032	0.735 ± 0.048	5	10637	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.782	0.782 ± 0.086	0.758 ± 0.040	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.486 ± 0.038	0.729 ± 0.058	5	11673	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.775	0.775 ± 0.028	0.685 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.448 ± 0.018	0.672 ± 0.026	5	11928	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.774	0.774 ± 0.033	0.669 ± 0.050	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.442 ± 0.031	0.662 ± 0.046	5	11673	49k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.772	0.772 ± 0.004	0.858 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.532 ± 0.003	0.798 ± 0.004	5	10637	—	10s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.771	0.771 ± 0.082	0.760 ± 0.039	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.332 ± 0.005	0.499 ± 0.008	5	16980	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.770	0.770 ± 0.024	0.663 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.438 ± 0.022	0.657 ± 0.033	5	11673	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.762	0.762 ± 0.068	0.691 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.335 ± 0.008	0.502 ± 0.012	5	37620	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.761	0.761 ± 0.024	0.652 ± 0.039	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.431 ± 0.024	0.646 ± 0.036	5	11673	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.761	0.761 ± 0.043	0.685 ± 0.050	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.446 ± 0.030	0.669 ± 0.046	5	11928	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.758	0.758 ± 0.114	0.757 ± 0.066	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.330 ± 0.017	0.495 ± 0.025	5	16980	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.758	0.758 ± 0.015	0.647 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.428 ± 0.014	0.641 ± 0.021	5	11673	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.755	0.755 ± 0.075	0.748 ± 0.071	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.326 ± 0.017	0.489 ± 0.025	5	37620	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.754	0.754 ± 0.121	0.755 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.366 ± 0.021	0.549 ± 0.031	5	16980	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.748	0.748 ± 0.027	0.668 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.436 ± 0.014	0.654 ± 0.021	5	11928	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.746	0.746 ± 0.046	0.696 ± 0.031	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.491 ± 0.020	0.736 ± 0.030	5	11673	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.744	0.744 ± 0.012	0.657 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.429 ± 0.010	0.644 ± 0.015	5	11928	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.742	0.742 ± 0.023	0.663 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.432 ± 0.004	0.648 ± 0.007	5	11928	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.742	0.742 ± 0.008	0.623 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.413 ± 0.008	0.619 ± 0.012	5	11673	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.742	0.742 ± 0.015	0.623 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.413 ± 0.015	0.619 ± 0.023	5	11673	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.741	0.741 ± 0.019	0.660 ± 0.031	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.431 ± 0.017	0.646 ± 0.026	5	11928	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.739	0.739 ± 0.006	0.617 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.409 ± 0.006	0.614 ± 0.009	5	11673	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.737	0.737 ± 0.088	0.911 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.396 ± 0.010	0.593 ± 0.014	5	16980	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.737	0.737 ± 0.017	0.615 ± 0.026	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.408 ± 0.016	0.612 ± 0.025	5	11673	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.729	0.729 ± 0.033	0.889 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.382 ± 0.009	0.573 ± 0.013	5	149780	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.729	0.729 ± 0.115	0.750 ± 0.091	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.324 ± 0.022	0.486 ± 0.033	5	37620	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.728	0.728 ± 0.076	0.759 ± 0.047	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.473 ± 0.043	0.709 ± 0.064	5	10637	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.725	0.725 ± 0.125	0.760 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.386 ± 0.027	0.578 ± 0.041	5	16980	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.725	0.725 ± 0.140	0.757 ± 0.030	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.378 ± 0.023	0.567 ± 0.034	5	16980	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.724	0.724 ± 0.015	0.840 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.391 ± 0.006	0.587 ± 0.009	5	149780	53k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.722	0.722 ± 0.050	0.943 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.646 ± 0.052	0.646 ± 0.052	5	68604	506k	4.1m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.722	0.722 ± 0.091	0.938 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.415 ± 0.011	0.622 ± 0.016	5	37620	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.720	0.720 ± 0.020	0.639 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.417 ± 0.011	0.625 ± 0.016	5	11928	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.718	0.718 ± 0.020	0.600 ± 0.036	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.398 ± 0.022	0.596 ± 0.033	5	10637	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.716	0.716 ± 0.081	0.748 ± 0.045	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.465 ± 0.043	0.697 ± 0.065	5	11673	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.716	0.716 ± 0.023	0.593 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.394 ± 0.022	0.590 ± 0.033	5	10637	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.713	0.713 ± 0.029	0.636 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.414 ± 0.007	0.621 ± 0.010	5	11928	53k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.710	0.710 ± 0.013	0.950 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.652 ± 0.010	0.652 ± 0.010	5	68604	49k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.709	0.709 ± 0.013	0.585 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.388 ± 0.016	0.582 ± 0.023	5	10637	506k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.708	0.708 ± 0.042	0.944 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.641 ± 0.043	0.641 ± 0.043	5	68604	506k	4.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.708	0.708 ± 0.016	0.947 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.647 ± 0.013	0.647 ± 0.013	5	68604	49k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.707	0.707 ± 0.007	0.948 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.647 ± 0.005	0.647 ± 0.005	5	68604	49k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.707	0.707 ± 0.175	0.780 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.369 ± 0.042	0.553 ± 0.062	5	16980	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.706	0.706 ± 0.077	0.823 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.388 ± 0.024	0.582 ± 0.036	5	149780	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.705	0.705 ± 0.025	0.583 ± 0.045	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.387 ± 0.027	0.580 ± 0.041	5	10637	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.704	0.704 ± 0.042	0.626 ± 0.036	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.450 ± 0.021	0.675 ± 0.031	5	10637	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.702	0.702 ± 0.048	0.624 ± 0.080	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.285 ± 0.024	0.428 ± 0.037	5	149780	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.702	0.702 ± 0.031	0.837 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.383 ± 0.006	0.575 ± 0.009	5	149780	53k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.700	0.700 ± 0.041	0.942 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.632 ± 0.045	0.632 ± 0.045	5	68604	506k	6.6m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.697	0.697 ± 0.104	0.828 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.383 ± 0.023	0.574 ± 0.034	5	149780	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.696	0.696 ± 0.076	0.642 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.415 ± 0.024	0.623 ± 0.036	5	11673	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.695	0.695 ± 0.094	0.770 ± 0.040	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.462 ± 0.047	0.693 ± 0.071	5	10637	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.694	0.694 ± 0.117	0.692 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.347 ± 0.018	0.521 ± 0.028	5	37620	53k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.692	0.692 ± 0.021	0.946 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.632 ± 0.025	0.632 ± 0.025	5	68604	49k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.692	0.692 ± 0.040	0.941 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.620 ± 0.053	0.620 ± 0.053	5	68604	506k	3.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.692	0.692 ± 0.033	0.938 ± 0.029	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.619 ± 0.077	0.619 ± 0.077	5	68604	49k	1.3m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.692	0.692 ± 0.009	0.555 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.369 ± 0.010	0.554 ± 0.015	5	10637	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.687	0.687 ± 0.027	0.945 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.037	0.613 ± 0.037	5	68604	506k	3.9m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.684	0.684 ± 0.012	0.546 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.363 ± 0.016	0.545 ± 0.024	5	10637	53k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.684	0.684 ± 0.013	0.763 ± 0.009	0.597 ± 0.021	0.459 ± 0.062	0.950 ± 0.002	0.669 ± 0.020	0.669 ± 0.020	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.683	0.683 ± 0.003	0.765 ± 0.004	0.581 ± 0.004	0.487 ± 0.009	0.953 ± 0.004	0.674 ± 0.004	0.674 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.683	0.683 ± 0.032	0.937 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.611 ± 0.041	0.611 ± 0.041	5	68604	506k	3.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.683	0.683 ± 0.013	0.763 ± 0.009	0.597 ± 0.022	0.454 ± 0.037	0.951 ± 0.002	0.667 ± 0.013	0.667 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.683	0.683 ± 0.008	0.946 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.009	0.627 ± 0.009	5	68604	49k	2.5m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.681	0.681 ± 0.003	0.539 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.359 ± 0.005	0.539 ± 0.007	5	10637	1.6M	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.680	0.680 ± 0.039	0.955 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.634 ± 0.076	0.634 ± 0.076	5	68604	506k	5.7m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.679	0.679 ± 0.085	0.761 ± 0.031	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.453 ± 0.043	0.679 ± 0.064	5	11673	49k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.007	0.761 ± 0.005	0.576 ± 0.013	0.476 ± 0.019	0.953 ± 0.002	0.668 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.013	0.756 ± 0.012	0.580 ± 0.036	0.463 ± 0.067	0.944 ± 0.008	0.662 ± 0.017	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.015	0.757 ± 0.009	0.588 ± 0.032	0.448 ± 0.046	0.948 ± 0.006	0.661 ± 0.014	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.675	0.675 ± 0.003	0.759 ± 0.002	0.570 ± 0.028	0.473 ± 0.056	0.951 ± 0.002	0.665 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.675	0.675 ± 0.011	0.531 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.354 ± 0.013	0.530 ± 0.019	5	10637	53k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.673	0.673 ± 0.007	0.754 ± 0.007	0.606 ± 0.018	0.395 ± 0.028	0.945 ± 0.003	0.649 ± 0.007	0.649 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.673	0.673 ± 0.004	0.758 ± 0.004	0.557 ± 0.005	0.490 ± 0.007	0.952 ± 0.004	0.666 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.671	0.671 ± 0.007	0.756 ± 0.007	0.555 ± 0.018	0.486 ± 0.030	0.951 ± 0.005	0.664 ± 0.008	0.664 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.671	0.671 ± 0.118	0.683 ± 0.034	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.339 ± 0.016	0.509 ± 0.024	5	37620	53k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.670	0.670 ± 0.014	0.752 ± 0.012	0.573 ± 0.026	0.453 ± 0.030	0.946 ± 0.006	0.657 ± 0.013	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.669	0.669 ± 0.156	0.718 ± 0.029	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.340 ± 0.031	0.509 ± 0.046	5	37620	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.021	0.610 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.428 ± 0.006	0.642 ± 0.009	5	11673	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.264	0.758 ± 0.058	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.349 ± 0.052	0.524 ± 0.078	5	16980	506k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.666	0.666 ± 0.028	0.748 ± 0.033	0.559 ± 0.015	0.458 ± 0.110	0.944 ± 0.023	0.654 ± 0.044	0.654 ± 0.044	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.012	0.940 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.607 ± 0.009	0.607 ± 0.009	5	68604	53k	1.8m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.002	0.954 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.608 ± 0.018	0.608 ± 0.018	5	68604	53k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.663	0.663 ± 0.009	0.940 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.603 ± 0.010	0.603 ± 0.010	5	68604	53k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.662	0.662 ± 0.008	0.941 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.605 ± 0.019	0.605 ± 0.019	5	68604	53k	1.8m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.004	0.947 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.593 ± 0.024	0.593 ± 0.024	5	68604	49k	1.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.008	0.932 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.589 ± 0.009	0.589 ± 0.009	5	68604	53k	1.7m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.088	0.626 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.399 ± 0.023	0.598 ± 0.034	5	11673	53k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.009	0.934 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.568 ± 0.017	0.568 ± 0.017	5	68604	1.6M	38s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.012	0.939 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.599 ± 0.015	0.599 ± 0.015	5	68604	53k	2.4m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.657	0.657 ± 0.097	0.630 ± 0.038	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.449 ± 0.029	0.674 ± 0.043	5	11673	53k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.657	0.657 ± 0.003	0.933 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.564 ± 0.014	0.564 ± 0.014	5	68604	1.6M	35s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.657	0.657 ± 0.058	0.700 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.469 ± 0.021	0.704 ± 0.032	5	11928	49k	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.655	0.655 ± 0.002	0.931 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.557 ± 0.004	0.557 ± 0.004	5	68604	1.6M	32s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.655	0.655 ± 0.005	0.745 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.642 ± 0.005	0.642 ± 0.005	5	10844	49k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.654	0.654 ± 0.011	0.740 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.639 ± 0.016	0.639 ± 0.016	5	10844	506k	3.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.654	0.654 ± 0.003	0.926 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.554 ± 0.023	0.554 ± 0.023	5	68604	1.6M	35s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.007	0.744 ± 0.005	0.522 ± 0.020	0.478 ± 0.020	0.947 ± 0.003	0.649 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.009	0.930 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.575 ± 0.012	0.575 ± 0.012	5	68604	1.6M	1.5m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.085	0.625 ± 0.046	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.458 ± 0.028	0.686 ± 0.042	5	11673	53k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.006	0.742 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.636 ± 0.016	0.636 ± 0.016	5	10844	506k	4.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.003	0.927 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.554 ± 0.017	0.554 ± 0.017	5	68604	1.6M	35s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.174	0.813 ± 0.028	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.364 ± 0.046	0.546 ± 0.069	5	149780	506k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.011	0.932 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.557 ± 0.019	0.557 ± 0.019	5	68604	1.6M	37s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.007	0.742 ± 0.007	0.512 ± 0.016	0.485 ± 0.034	0.945 ± 0.007	0.647 ± 0.008	0.647 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.027	0.603 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.425 ± 0.006	0.637 ± 0.009	5	11673	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.003	0.743 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.638 ± 0.004	0.638 ± 0.004	5	10844	49k	1.4m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.061	0.571 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.373 ± 0.020	0.560 ± 0.030	5	10637	53k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.006	0.742 ± 0.005	0.520 ± 0.017	0.475 ± 0.039	0.945 ± 0.007	0.647 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.651	0.651 ± 0.016	0.744 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.637 ± 0.023	0.637 ± 0.023	5	10844	506k	5.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.651	0.651 ± 0.010	0.742 ± 0.006	0.498 ± 0.019	0.493 ± 0.026	0.948 ± 0.002	0.646 ± 0.009	0.646 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.650	0.650 ± 0.003	0.742 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.640 ± 0.004	0.640 ± 0.004	5	10844	49k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.650	0.650 ± 0.011	0.933 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.586 ± 0.005	0.586 ± 0.005	5	68604	53k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.650	0.650 ± 0.013	0.738 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.633 ± 0.017	0.633 ± 0.017	5	10844	506k	6.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.650	0.650 ± 0.008	0.741 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.646 ± 0.008	0.646 ± 0.008	5	10844	53k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.650	0.650 ± 0.013	0.739 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.645 ± 0.013	0.645 ± 0.013	5	10844	53k	1.8m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.649	0.649 ± 0.058	0.697 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.462 ± 0.019	0.693 ± 0.029	5	11928	506k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.649	0.649 ± 0.015	0.738 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.629 ± 0.018	0.629 ± 0.018	5	10844	506k	4.5m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.648	0.648 ± 0.027	0.531 ± 0.074	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.254 ± 0.024	0.380 ± 0.035	5	149780	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.648	0.648 ± 0.007	0.737 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.631 ± 0.012	0.631 ± 0.012	5	10844	506k	3.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.648	0.648 ± 0.007	0.739 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.619 ± 0.008	0.619 ± 0.008	5	10844	506k	3.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.648	0.648 ± 0.006	0.740 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.634 ± 0.017	0.634 ± 0.017	5	10844	49k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.647	0.647 ± 0.017	0.736 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.632 ± 0.034	0.632 ± 0.034	5	10844	49k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.646	0.646 ± 0.007	0.738 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.642 ± 0.007	0.642 ± 0.007	5	10844	53k	1.8m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.646	0.646 ± 0.006	0.742 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.628 ± 0.016	0.628 ± 0.016	5	10844	53k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.645	0.645 ± 0.006	0.726 ± 0.007	0.540 ± 0.025	0.428 ± 0.033	0.930 ± 0.005	0.633 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.645	0.645 ± 0.016	0.736 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.617 ± 0.050	0.617 ± 0.050	5	10844	49k	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.645	0.645 ± 0.008	0.729 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.634 ± 0.012	0.634 ± 0.012	5	10844	1.6M	35s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.645	0.645 ± 0.003	0.726 ± 0.002	0.503 ± 0.027	0.480 ± 0.034	0.930 ± 0.001	0.638 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.643	0.643 ± 0.004	0.733 ± 0.003	0.502 ± 0.026	0.475 ± 0.038	0.937 ± 0.004	0.638 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.643	0.643 ± 0.002	0.724 ± 0.001	0.550 ± 0.012	0.401 ± 0.027	0.928 ± 0.002	0.627 ± 0.005	0.627 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.643	0.643 ± 0.014	0.735 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.638 ± 0.014	0.638 ± 0.014	5	10844	53k	2.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.642	0.642 ± 0.003	0.728 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.636 ± 0.003	0.636 ± 0.003	5	10844	1.6M	1.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.642	0.642 ± 0.005	0.724 ± 0.003	0.540 ± 0.014	0.417 ± 0.027	0.930 ± 0.002	0.629 ± 0.006	0.629 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.642	0.642 ± 0.010	0.732 ± 0.007	0.502 ± 0.024	0.471 ± 0.037	0.938 ± 0.006	0.637 ± 0.009	0.637 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.641	0.641 ± 0.244	0.708 ± 0.073	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.324 ± 0.034	0.485 ± 0.052	5	37620	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.641	0.641 ± 0.080	0.925 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.386 ± 0.010	0.579 ± 0.014	5	149780	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.641	0.641 ± 0.005	0.732 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.636 ± 0.006	0.636 ± 0.006	5	10844	53k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.640	0.640 ± 0.010	0.735 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.633 ± 0.009	0.633 ± 0.009	5	10844	49k	2.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.638	0.638 ± 0.015	0.719 ± 0.018	0.541 ± 0.004	0.403 ± 0.053	0.923 ± 0.017	0.623 ± 0.023	0.623 ± 0.023	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.637	0.637 ± 0.007	0.729 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.633 ± 0.009	0.633 ± 0.009	5	10844	53k	1.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.637	0.637 ± 0.010	0.965 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.423 ± 0.006	0.635 ± 0.009	5	37620	—	10s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.637	0.637 ± 0.008	0.724 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.626 ± 0.011	0.626 ± 0.011	5	10844	1.6M	38s
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.636	0.636 ± 0.004	0.726 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.605 ± 0.009	0.605 ± 0.009	5	10844	1.6M	32s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.636	0.636 ± 0.009	0.717 ± 0.007	0.537 ± 0.015	0.402 ± 0.033	0.926 ± 0.003	0.622 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.634	0.634 ± 0.006	0.719 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.620 ± 0.015	0.620 ± 0.015	5	10844	1.6M	35s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.633	0.633 ± 0.010	0.720 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.618 ± 0.015	0.618 ± 0.015	5	10844	1.6M	37s
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.631	0.631 ± 0.009	0.961 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.642 ± 0.008	0.642 ± 0.008	5	68604	—	9s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.631	0.631 ± 0.019	0.698 ± 0.006	0.458 ± 0.039	0.519 ± 0.030	0.881 ± 0.005	0.619 ± 0.016	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.631	0.631 ± 0.016	0.698 ± 0.016	0.455 ± 0.062	0.520 ± 0.046	0.877 ± 0.013	0.617 ± 0.014	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.627	0.627 ± 0.008	0.714 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.614 ± 0.010	0.614 ± 0.010	5	10844	1.6M	35s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.625	0.625 ± 0.070	0.565 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.364 ± 0.010	0.547 ± 0.014	5	10637	53k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.624	0.624 ± 0.004	0.688 ± 0.013	0.398 ± 0.019	0.536 ± 0.004	0.871 ± 0.014	0.602 ± 0.007	0.602 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.622	0.622 ± 0.023	0.655 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.440 ± 0.011	0.660 ± 0.016	5	11928	53k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.619	0.619 ± 0.009	0.685 ± 0.021	0.419 ± 0.043	0.534 ± 0.025	0.865 ± 0.019	0.606 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.617	0.617 ± 0.006	0.686 ± 0.008	0.454 ± 0.009	0.499 ± 0.012	0.873 ± 0.003	0.609 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.610	0.610 ± 0.037	0.754 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.352 ± 0.007	0.528 ± 0.010	5	16980	1.6M	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.606	0.606 ± 0.192	0.955 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.382 ± 0.091	0.572 ± 0.136	5	16980	—	11s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.605	0.605 ± 0.027	0.650 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.443 ± 0.011	0.664 ± 0.017	5	11928	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.604	0.604 ± 0.117	0.793 ± 0.028	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.357 ± 0.031	0.535 ± 0.046	5	149780	49k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.601	0.601 ± 0.018	0.675 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.589 ± 0.021	0.589 ± 0.021	5	5091	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.601	0.601 ± 0.256	0.747 ± 0.028	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.338 ± 0.052	0.507 ± 0.079	5	16980	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.600	0.600 ± 0.166	0.611 ± 0.094	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.425 ± 0.068	0.637 ± 0.102	5	11673	506k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.600	0.600 ± 0.007	0.663 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.573 ± 0.010	0.573 ± 0.010	5	4982	1.6M	15s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.599	0.599 ± 0.004	0.805 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.435 ± 0.010	0.435 ± 0.010	5	68604	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.598	0.598 ± 0.016	0.513 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.369 ± 0.004	0.554 ± 0.006	5	10637	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.598	0.598 ± 0.017	0.795 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.438 ± 0.021	0.438 ± 0.021	5	68604	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.598	0.598 ± 0.039	0.527 ± 0.030	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.343 ± 0.016	0.514 ± 0.023	5	11928	1.6M	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.597	0.597 ± 0.005	0.719 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.599 ± 0.005	0.599 ± 0.005	5	10844	—	9s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.597	0.597 ± 0.133	0.560 ± 0.080	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.403 ± 0.052	0.604 ± 0.078	5	10637	506k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.596	0.596 ± 0.005	0.672 ± 0.011	0.358 ± 0.017	0.519 ± 0.012	0.861 ± 0.011	0.580 ± 0.005	0.580 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.596	0.596 ± 0.010	0.808 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.439 ± 0.019	0.439 ± 0.019	5	68604	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.595	0.595 ± 0.063	0.536 ± 0.031	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.406 ± 0.013	0.608 ± 0.020	5	10637	53k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.593	0.593 ± 0.016	0.669 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.580 ± 0.014	0.580 ± 0.014	5	5091	506k	1.3m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.592	0.592 ± 0.016	0.783 ± 0.041	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.422 ± 0.026	0.422 ± 0.026	5	68604	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.591	0.591 ± 0.152	0.661 ± 0.080	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.428 ± 0.100	0.642 ± 0.150	5	11928	506k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.590	0.590 ± 0.018	0.662 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.575 ± 0.008	0.575 ± 0.008	5	5091	53k	58s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.589	0.589 ± 0.010	0.781 ± 0.038	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.414 ± 0.020	0.414 ± 0.020	5	68604	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.587	0.587 ± 0.003	0.771 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.414 ± 0.003	0.414 ± 0.003	5	68604	1.6M	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.587	0.587 ± 0.028	0.660 ± 0.024	0.429 ± 0.059	0.448 ± 0.099	0.848 ± 0.017	0.575 ± 0.019	0.575 ± 0.019	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.586	0.586 ± 0.019	0.828 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.379 ± 0.004	0.379 ± 0.004	5	68604	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.586	0.586 ± 0.033	0.624 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.378 ± 0.017	0.567 ± 0.026	5	11928	1.6M	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.585	0.585 ± 0.011	0.659 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.575 ± 0.010	0.575 ± 0.010	5	5091	1.6M	39s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.585	0.585 ± 0.009	0.778 ± 0.029	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.421 ± 0.020	0.421 ± 0.020	5	68604	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.585	0.585 ± 0.005	0.771 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.415 ± 0.005	0.415 ± 0.005	5	68604	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.580	0.580 ± 0.079	0.525 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.388 ± 0.019	0.581 ± 0.028	5	10637	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.580	0.580 ± 0.029	0.502 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.365 ± 0.006	0.547 ± 0.009	5	10637	1.6M	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.579	0.579 ± 0.029	0.642 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.560 ± 0.032	0.560 ± 0.032	5	4982	49k	13s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.578	0.578 ± 0.040	0.649 ± 0.029	0.398 ± 0.115	0.416 ± 0.249	0.833 ± 0.032	0.549 ± 0.060	0.549 ± 0.060	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.577	0.577 ± 0.025	0.813 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.370 ± 0.010	0.370 ± 0.010	5	68604	506k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.575	0.575 ± 0.007	0.658 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.553 ± 0.006	0.553 ± 0.006	5	4982	53k	37s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.575	0.575 ± 0.240	0.702 ± 0.031	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.318 ± 0.039	0.477 ± 0.058	5	37620	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.573	0.573 ± 0.268	0.589 ± 0.150	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.400 ± 0.118	0.600 ± 0.178	5	11673	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.573	0.573 ± 0.022	0.485 ± 0.030	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.318 ± 0.017	0.477 ± 0.025	5	11928	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.572	0.572 ± 0.059	0.688 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.323 ± 0.009	0.484 ± 0.014	5	37620	1.6M	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.572	0.572 ± 0.046	0.641 ± 0.047	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.535 ± 0.067	0.535 ± 0.067	5	4982	506k	46s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.570	0.570 ± 0.004	0.719 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.334 ± 0.007	0.334 ± 0.007	5	68604	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.569	0.569 ± 0.012	0.722 ± 0.030	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.335 ± 0.012	0.335 ± 0.012	5	68604	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.568	0.568 ± 0.017	0.727 ± 0.054	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.337 ± 0.021	0.337 ± 0.021	5	68604	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.567	0.567 ± 0.010	0.715 ± 0.033	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.332 ± 0.012	0.332 ± 0.012	5	68604	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.566	0.566 ± 0.003	0.700 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.327 ± 0.005	0.327 ± 0.005	5	68604	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.559	0.559 ± 0.012	0.701 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.326 ± 0.008	0.326 ± 0.008	5	68604	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.559	0.559 ± 0.012	0.684 ± 0.039	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.321 ± 0.014	0.321 ± 0.014	5	68604	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.558	0.558 ± 0.019	0.835 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.377 ± 0.011	0.377 ± 0.011	5	68604	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.556	0.556 ± 0.006	0.682 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.320 ± 0.007	0.320 ± 0.007	5	68604	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.553	0.553 ± 0.244	0.542 ± 0.134	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.375 ± 0.110	0.562 ± 0.165	5	10637	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.551	0.551 ± 0.107	0.625 ± 0.062	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.417 ± 0.056	0.625 ± 0.084	5	11928	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.549	0.549 ± 0.033	0.866 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.392 ± 0.010	0.392 ± 0.010	5	68604	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.547	0.547 ± 0.020	0.585 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.519 ± 0.018	0.519 ± 0.018	5	10844	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.544	0.544 ± 0.013	0.713 ± 0.033	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.328 ± 0.009	0.328 ± 0.009	5	68604	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.540	0.540 ± 0.023	0.581 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.517 ± 0.022	0.517 ± 0.022	5	10844	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.537	0.537 ± 0.058	0.662 ± 0.029	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.358 ± 0.033	0.537 ± 0.049	5	11928	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.532	0.532 ± 0.022	0.699 ± 0.056	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.322 ± 0.016	0.322 ± 0.016	5	68604	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.529	0.529 ± 0.019	0.556 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.502 ± 0.025	0.502 ± 0.025	5	10844	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.528	0.528 ± 0.016	0.581 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.424 ± 0.010	0.424 ± 0.010	5	10844	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.525	0.525 ± 0.014	0.551 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.504 ± 0.016	0.504 ± 0.016	5	10844	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.522	0.522 ± 0.015	0.561 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.481 ± 0.046	0.481 ± 0.046	5	10844	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.512	0.512 ± 0.223	0.552 ± 0.124	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.378 ± 0.103	0.567 ± 0.154	5	11673	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.511	0.511 ± 0.013	0.540 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.485 ± 0.014	0.485 ± 0.014	5	10844	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.505	0.505 ± 0.030	0.548 ± 0.034	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.402 ± 0.024	0.402 ± 0.024	5	10844	506k	—
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.000	5	16980	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.735 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.283 ± 0.000	0.424 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.000	5	149780	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.745 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.285 ± 0.000	0.427 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.000	5	37620	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.737 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.283 ± 0.000	0.424 ± 0.000	5	10637	—	0s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.000	5	16980	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.735 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.283 ± 0.000	0.424 ± 0.000	5	11673	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.000	5	37620	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.737 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.283 ± 0.000	0.424 ± 0.000	5	10637	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.975 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.000	5	16980	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.735 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.283 ± 0.000	0.424 ± 0.000	5	11673	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.976 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.000	5	37620	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.737 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.283 ± 0.000	0.424 ± 0.000	5	10637	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.499	0.499 ± 0.217	0.506 ± 0.125	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.361 ± 0.088	0.541 ± 0.132	5	10637	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.499	0.499 ± 0.039	0.587 ± 0.033	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.416 ± 0.026	0.416 ± 0.026	5	10844	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.496	0.496 ± 0.032	0.559 ± 0.037	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.404 ± 0.026	0.404 ± 0.026	5	10844	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.492	0.492 ± 0.002	0.506 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.466 ± 0.005	0.466 ± 0.005	5	10844	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.487	0.487 ± 0.004	0.500 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.461 ± 0.005	0.461 ± 0.005	5	10844	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.479	0.479 ± 0.010	0.481 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.362 ± 0.012	0.362 ± 0.012	5	10844	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.477	0.477 ± 0.016	0.483 ± 0.031	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.362 ± 0.021	0.362 ± 0.021	5	10844	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.473	0.473 ± 0.002	0.468 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.353 ± 0.004	0.353 ± 0.004	5	10844	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.470	0.470 ± 0.015	0.468 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.353 ± 0.017	0.353 ± 0.017	5	10844	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.468	0.468 ± 0.005	0.459 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.347 ± 0.006	0.347 ± 0.006	5	10844	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.467	0.467 ± 0.011	0.464 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.350 ± 0.013	0.350 ± 0.013	5	10844	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.465	0.465 ± 0.007	0.455 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.344 ± 0.011	0.344 ± 0.011	5	10844	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.464	0.464 ± 0.005	0.454 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.343 ± 0.009	0.343 ± 0.009	5	10844	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.440	0.440 ± 0.016	0.440 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.331 ± 0.005	0.331 ± 0.005	5	10844	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.427	0.427 ± 0.024	0.428 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.321 ± 0.010	0.321 ± 0.010	5	10844	53k	—
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.934 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.322 ± 0.000	0.322 ± 0.000	5	68604	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.563 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.240 ± 0.000	0.240 ± 0.000	5	10844	—	0s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.934 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.322 ± 0.000	0.322 ± 0.000	5	68604	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.563 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.240 ± 0.000	0.240 ± 0.000	5	10844	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.934 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.322 ± 0.000	0.322 ± 0.000	5	68604	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.333	0.333 ± 0.000	0.563 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.240 ± 0.000	0.240 ± 0.000	5	10844	1.6M	—

fault_classification_global

fault_classification_global — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	f1_flt_1phg_hif	f1_flt_1phg_hif_w_arc	f1_flt_1phg_incipient	f1_flt_1phg_incipient_w_arc	f1_flt_1phg_shc	f1_flt_1phg_shc_w_arc	f1_flt_2ph_shc	f1_flt_2phg_shc	f1_flt_3ph_shc	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.097	0.935 ± 0.091	n/a	n/a	0.541 ± 0.390	0.620 ± 0.221	0.870 ± 0.202	0.857 ± 0.240	0.996 ± 0.004	0.996 ± 0.005	0.995 ± 0.005	0.653 ± 0.095	0.839 ± 0.122	5	16980	531k	6.6m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.825	0.825 ± 0.094	0.831 ± 0.094	—	—	0.546 ± 0.253	0.607 ± 0.026	0.867 ± 0.226	0.856 ± 0.251	0.969 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.003	0.968 ± 0.001	0.642 ± 0.084	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.818	0.818 ± 0.087	0.825 ± 0.087	n/a	n/a	0.501 ± 0.209	0.599 ± 0.034	0.867 ± 0.230	0.866 ± 0.234	0.969 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.001	0.638 ± 0.076	0.820 ± 0.098	5	11673	531k	6.6m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.773	0.773 ± 0.107	0.786 ± 0.103	n/a	n/a	0.313 ± 0.314	0.617 ± 0.024	0.746 ± 0.328	0.764 ± 0.293	0.964 ± 0.007	0.966 ± 0.005	0.964 ± 0.007	0.593 ± 0.103	0.762 ± 0.133	5	10637	565k	5.9m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.772	0.772 ± 0.070	0.888 ± 0.112	n/a	n/a	0.278 ± 0.370	0.433 ± 0.287	0.787 ± 0.238	0.727 ± 0.344	0.988 ± 0.013	0.990 ± 0.008	0.989 ± 0.012	0.577 ± 0.073	0.741 ± 0.094	5	37620	565k	5.9m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.764	0.764 ± 0.110	0.775 ± 0.107	—	—	0.285 ± 0.322	0.599 ± 0.016	0.729 ± 0.357	0.749 ± 0.308	0.966 ± 0.005	0.965 ± 0.006	0.966 ± 0.005	0.584 ± 0.108	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.717	0.717 ± 0.002	0.796 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.652 ± 0.005	0.520 ± 0.012	0.513 ± 0.009	0.995 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.004	0.999 ± 0.001	0.519 ± 0.001	0.668 ± 0.002	5	16980	12.0M	3.2m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.713	0.713 ± 0.001	0.791 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.290 ± 0.213	0.567 ± 0.071	0.507 ± 0.021	0.524 ± 0.019	0.988 ± 0.001	0.985 ± 0.002	0.990 ± 0.002	0.539 ± 0.016	0.693 ± 0.021	5	37620	26.7M	6.1m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.709	0.709 ± 0.003	0.785 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.124 ± 0.346	0.533 ± 0.370	0.516 ± 0.074	0.496 ± 0.073	0.978 ± 0.006	0.986 ± 0.007	0.981 ± 0.004	0.513 ± 0.003	0.659 ± 0.004	5	16980	68k	1.1m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.709	0.709 ± 0.004	0.785 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.372 ± 0.299	0.514 ± 0.166	0.550 ± 0.038	0.457 ± 0.061	0.987 ± 0.001	0.971 ± 0.007	0.983 ± 0.006	0.537 ± 0.016	0.691 ± 0.020	5	16980	70k	1.3m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.707	0.707 ± 0.007	0.782 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.465 ± 0.325	0.109 ± 0.303	0.534 ± 0.024	0.480 ± 0.050	0.976 ± 0.007	0.985 ± 0.005	0.977 ± 0.009	0.503 ± 0.009	0.647 ± 0.011	5	37620	95k	2.2m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.704	0.704 ± 0.007	0.779 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.222 ± 0.264	0.571 ± 0.084	0.506 ± 0.066	0.485 ± 0.097	0.979 ± 0.016	0.965 ± 0.013	0.982 ± 0.007	0.523 ± 0.026	0.673 ± 0.033	5	37620	93k	2.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.696	0.696 ± 0.006	0.704 ± 0.005	—	—	0.415 ± 0.028	0.532 ± 0.017	0.588 ± 0.009	0.544 ± 0.009	0.948 ± 0.002	0.914 ± 0.004	0.937 ± 0.003	0.542 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.690	0.690 ± 0.003	0.698 ± 0.002	—	—	0.473 ± 0.011	0.434 ± 0.006	0.578 ± 0.007	0.566 ± 0.006	0.932 ± 0.005	0.910 ± 0.006	0.930 ± 0.004	0.536 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.684	0.684 ± 0.008	0.694 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.385 ± 0.030	0.468 ± 0.020	0.581 ± 0.011	0.573 ± 0.008	0.948 ± 0.003	0.907 ± 0.003	0.936 ± 0.003	0.533 ± 0.006	0.685 ± 0.008	5	11928	—	4.3m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.683	0.683 ± 0.002	0.748 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.555 ± 0.044	0.158 ± 0.156	0.603 ± 0.007	0.327 ± 0.021	0.957 ± 0.003	0.875 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.001	0.494 ± 0.015	0.636 ± 0.019	5	149780	—	4.3m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.680	0.680 ± 0.007	0.692 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.276 ± 0.135	0.562 ± 0.068	0.464 ± 0.100	0.519 ± 0.122	0.957 ± 0.009	0.949 ± 0.016	0.965 ± 0.006	0.521 ± 0.011	0.670 ± 0.015	5	10637	93k	2.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.679	0.679 ± 0.003	0.687 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.420 ± 0.015	0.412 ± 0.009	0.591 ± 0.003	0.555 ± 0.005	0.925 ± 0.004	0.900 ± 0.005	0.936 ± 0.005	0.527 ± 0.003	0.677 ± 0.003	5	11673	—	23s
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.004	0.687 ± 0.004	—	—	0.446 ± 0.008	0.431 ± 0.014	0.546 ± 0.011	0.575 ± 0.012	0.921 ± 0.004	0.899 ± 0.004	0.917 ± 0.005	0.526 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.004	0.689 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.249 ± 0.126	0.568 ± 0.037	0.456 ± 0.034	0.529 ± 0.016	0.966 ± 0.001	0.955 ± 0.003	0.966 ± 0.001	0.521 ± 0.012	0.670 ± 0.016	5	10637	26.7M	6.1m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.007	0.683 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.215 ± 0.137	0.542 ± 0.057	0.487 ± 0.016	0.514 ± 0.017	0.969 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.000	0.518 ± 0.010	0.665 ± 0.013	5	11673	12.0M	3.2m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.675	0.675 ± 0.013	0.680 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.414 ± 0.161	0.416 ± 0.223	0.466 ± 0.066	0.497 ± 0.063	0.963 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.002	0.520 ± 0.008	0.669 ± 0.011	5	11673	68k	1.1m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.673	0.673 ± 0.006	0.678 ± 0.006	—	—	0.503 ± 0.082	0.449 ± 0.116	0.421 ± 0.054	0.461 ± 0.052	0.959 ± 0.003	0.952 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.002	0.523 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.673	0.673 ± 0.006	0.678 ± 0.007	—	—	0.445 ± 0.211	0.432 ± 0.259	0.426 ± 0.061	0.457 ± 0.069	0.963 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.001	0.516 ± 0.021	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.672	0.672 ± 0.007	0.677 ± 0.006	—	—	0.273 ± 0.223	0.558 ± 0.037	0.420 ± 0.026	0.477 ± 0.013	0.969 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.001	0.514 ± 0.021	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.671	0.671 ± 0.009	0.681 ± 0.010	—	—	0.296 ± 0.118	0.559 ± 0.047	0.450 ± 0.025	0.477 ± 0.040	0.964 ± 0.001	0.956 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.001	0.518 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.670	0.670 ± 0.008	0.674 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.429 ± 0.281	0.240 ± 0.320	0.441 ± 0.057	0.508 ± 0.017	0.961 ± 0.004	0.959 ± 0.005	0.962 ± 0.004	0.500 ± 0.020	0.643 ± 0.025	5	10637	95k	2.2m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.669	0.669 ± 0.006	0.675 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.420 ± 0.129	0.415 ± 0.096	0.497 ± 0.050	0.480 ± 0.058	0.959 ± 0.003	0.954 ± 0.003	0.966 ± 0.001	0.521 ± 0.006	0.670 ± 0.007	5	11673	70k	1.3m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.005	0.674 ± 0.006	—	—	0.296 ± 0.148	0.556 ± 0.072	0.429 ± 0.107	0.441 ± 0.130	0.955 ± 0.008	0.944 ± 0.010	0.960 ± 0.007	0.509 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.010	0.669 ± 0.009	—	—	0.444 ± 0.305	0.238 ± 0.334	0.402 ± 0.028	0.487 ± 0.029	0.961 ± 0.003	0.956 ± 0.004	0.962 ± 0.001	0.494 ± 0.025	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.004	0.672 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.345 ± 0.007	0.434 ± 0.017	0.517 ± 0.007	0.554 ± 0.008	0.921 ± 0.005	0.898 ± 0.009	0.931 ± 0.001	0.511 ± 0.003	0.657 ± 0.004	5	10637	—	34s
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.655	0.655 ± 0.015	0.662 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.358 ± 0.294	0.323 ± 0.361	0.483 ± 0.058	0.494 ± 0.083	0.919 ± 0.021	0.907 ± 0.030	0.940 ± 0.020	0.492 ± 0.029	0.632 ± 0.037	5	11928	745k	8.9m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.655	0.655 ± 0.010	0.662 ± 0.009	—	—	0.257 ± 0.257	0.552 ± 0.062	0.358 ± 0.039	0.561 ± 0.006	0.867 ± 0.016	0.917 ± 0.007	0.951 ± 0.002	0.496 ± 0.027	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.012	0.659 ± 0.014	—	—	0.358 ± 0.284	0.342 ± 0.379	0.470 ± 0.065	0.465 ± 0.061	0.917 ± 0.016	0.920 ± 0.022	0.933 ± 0.010	0.489 ± 0.027	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.645	0.645 ± 0.004	0.654 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.253 ± 0.260	0.526 ± 0.094	0.318 ± 0.024	0.555 ± 0.013	0.872 ± 0.015	0.903 ± 0.004	0.960 ± 0.001	0.487 ± 0.019	0.627 ± 0.025	5	11928	103.4M	33.1m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.634	0.634 ± 0.019	0.641 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.378 ± 0.158	0.398 ± 0.228	0.464 ± 0.064	0.452 ± 0.064	0.898 ± 0.020	0.876 ± 0.011	0.936 ± 0.006	0.489 ± 0.013	0.629 ± 0.017	5	11928	235k	10.0m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.633	0.633 ± 0.006	0.639 ± 0.005	—	—	0.378 ± 0.130	0.422 ± 0.247	0.450 ± 0.064	0.429 ± 0.059	0.892 ± 0.025	0.885 ± 0.021	0.929 ± 0.009	0.487 ± 0.012	—	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.620	0.620 ± 0.008	0.627 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.235 ± 0.320	0.451 ± 0.296	0.386 ± 0.067	0.493 ± 0.061	0.823 ± 0.029	0.835 ± 0.019	0.916 ± 0.009	0.460 ± 0.017	0.591 ± 0.022	5	11928	212k	9.9m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.620	0.620 ± 0.009	0.626 ± 0.007	—	—	0.238 ± 0.332	0.453 ± 0.282	0.400 ± 0.057	0.495 ± 0.043	0.806 ± 0.016	0.845 ± 0.013	0.907 ± 0.007	0.461 ± 0.023	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.606	0.606 ± 0.041	0.677 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.184 ± 0.262	0.481 ± 0.092	0.306 ± 0.031	0.465 ± 0.021	0.838 ± 0.022	0.739 ± 0.018	0.937 ± 0.023	0.439 ± 0.033	0.564 ± 0.043	5	149780	103.4M	33.1m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.600	0.600 ± 0.005	0.636 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.546 ± 0.031	0.007 ± 0.018	0.650 ± 0.004	0.083 ± 0.011	0.416 ± 0.042	0.715 ± 0.007	0.982 ± 0.001	0.378 ± 0.006	0.486 ± 0.008	5	37620	—	34s
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.581	0.581 ± 0.004	0.611 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.648 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.620 ± 0.005	0.192 ± 0.013	0.228 ± 0.038	0.693 ± 0.009	0.988 ± 0.008	0.374 ± 0.004	0.481 ± 0.006	5	16980	—	23s
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.548	0.548 ± 0.007	0.752 ± 0.009	0.088 ± 0.243	0.175 ± 0.299	0.000 ± 0.000	0.123 ± 0.209	0.518 ± 0.080	0.512 ± 0.046	0.970 ± 0.009	0.968 ± 0.006	0.973 ± 0.009	0.481 ± 0.007	0.481 ± 0.007	5	68604	603k	5.5m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.548	0.548 ± 0.002	0.755 ± 0.002	0.444 ± 0.009	0.092 ± 0.075	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.602 ± 0.005	0.499 ± 0.014	0.945 ± 0.002	0.936 ± 0.004	0.959 ± 0.003	0.497 ± 0.007	0.497 ± 0.007	5	68604	—	57s
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.542	0.542 ± 0.001	0.737 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.290 ± 0.002	0.544 ± 0.017	0.430 ± 0.021	0.974 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.003	0.982 ± 0.002	0.465 ± 0.001	0.465 ± 0.001	5	68604	42.9M	9.8m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.540	0.540 ± 0.011	0.746 ± 0.016	0.278 ± 0.091	0.173 ± 0.203	0.127 ± 0.148	0.154 ± 0.114	0.549 ± 0.055	0.462 ± 0.081	0.968 ± 0.006	0.950 ± 0.009	0.978 ± 0.005	0.515 ± 0.011	0.515 ± 0.011	5	68604	118k	5.1m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.534	0.534 ± 0.006	0.729 ± 0.014	0.151 ± 0.262	0.164 ± 0.279	0.040 ± 0.110	0.115 ± 0.196	0.495 ± 0.031	0.496 ± 0.033	0.947 ± 0.010	0.951 ± 0.011	0.955 ± 0.009	0.479 ± 0.020	0.479 ± 0.020	5	68604	125k	4.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.524	0.524 ± 0.004	0.529 ± 0.004	0.197 ± 0.021	0.298 ± 0.010	0.262 ± 0.014	0.298 ± 0.020	0.525 ± 0.018	0.507 ± 0.012	0.888 ± 0.010	0.837 ± 0.005	0.907 ± 0.007	0.524 ± 0.004	0.524 ± 0.004	5	10844	—	57s
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.523	0.523 ± 0.003	0.530 ± 0.003	0.031 ± 0.061	0.116 ± 0.039	0.038 ± 0.071	0.382 ± 0.007	0.504 ± 0.032	0.540 ± 0.018	0.909 ± 0.006	0.917 ± 0.002	0.934 ± 0.002	0.486 ± 0.013	0.486 ± 0.013	5	10844	42.9M	9.8m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.520	0.520 ± 0.024	0.525 ± 0.025	0.153 ± 0.194	0.243 ± 0.110	0.067 ± 0.049	0.159 ± 0.256	0.501 ± 0.108	0.549 ± 0.053	0.901 ± 0.022	0.906 ± 0.018	0.916 ± 0.023	0.488 ± 0.034	0.488 ± 0.034	5	10844	603k	5.5m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.519	0.519 ± 0.027	0.526 ± 0.029	0.158 ± 0.181	0.238 ± 0.133	0.028 ± 0.046	0.164 ± 0.244	0.513 ± 0.168	0.554 ± 0.051	0.932 ± 0.009	0.897 ± 0.013	0.916 ± 0.014	0.489 ± 0.043	—	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.517	0.517 ± 0.019	0.522 ± 0.019	0.207 ± 0.092	0.269 ± 0.039	0.240 ± 0.020	0.206 ± 0.121	0.524 ± 0.114	0.510 ± 0.117	0.906 ± 0.013	0.897 ± 0.010	0.924 ± 0.004	0.520 ± 0.020	0.520 ± 0.020	5	10844	118k	5.1m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.515	0.515 ± 0.017	0.521 ± 0.018	0.199 ± 0.105	0.260 ± 0.047	0.226 ± 0.033	0.206 ± 0.101	0.549 ± 0.122	0.510 ± 0.130	0.937 ± 0.010	0.888 ± 0.008	0.916 ± 0.006	0.521 ± 0.019	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.510	0.510 ± 0.012	0.515 ± 0.011	0.216 ± 0.161	0.212 ± 0.146	0.147 ± 0.178	0.220 ± 0.158	0.474 ± 0.062	0.525 ± 0.022	0.882 ± 0.008	0.907 ± 0.006	0.900 ± 0.005	0.498 ± 0.034	0.498 ± 0.034	5	10844	125k	4.6m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.509	0.509 ± 0.004	0.519 ± 0.004	0.038 ± 0.079	0.052 ± 0.034	0.029 ± 0.063	0.378 ± 0.005	0.484 ± 0.026	0.512 ± 0.040	0.944 ± 0.003	0.900 ± 0.002	0.922 ± 0.001	0.473 ± 0.016	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.497	0.497 ± 0.012	0.503 ± 0.011	0.204 ± 0.152	0.217 ± 0.157	0.096 ± 0.164	0.199 ± 0.081	0.483 ± 0.051	0.509 ± 0.032	0.913 ± 0.007	0.891 ± 0.008	0.899 ± 0.010	0.490 ± 0.022	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.495	0.495 ± 0.005	0.502 ± 0.005	0.267 ± 0.010	0.206 ± 0.028	0.179 ± 0.020	0.231 ± 0.027	0.518 ± 0.007	0.453 ± 0.008	0.882 ± 0.008	0.821 ± 0.012	0.892 ± 0.003	0.494 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.446	0.446 ± 0.089	0.517 ± 0.028	n/a	n/a	0.259 ± 0.313	0.141 ± 0.243	0.370 ± 0.052	0.325 ± 0.076	0.624 ± 0.042	0.432 ± 0.060	0.777 ± 0.029	0.325 ± 0.058	0.418 ± 0.074	5	149780	212k	9.9m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.432	0.432 ± 0.081	0.590 ± 0.110	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.543 ± 0.048	0.167 ± 0.123	0.725 ± 0.150	0.663 ± 0.232	0.742 ± 0.172	0.316 ± 0.068	0.406 ± 0.087	5	149780	745k	8.9m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.385	0.385 ± 0.052	0.525 ± 0.071	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.487 ± 0.062	0.232 ± 0.145	0.624 ± 0.078	0.446 ± 0.211	0.709 ± 0.205	0.277 ± 0.061	0.357 ± 0.078	5	149780	235k	10.0m
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.195 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.326 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.036 ± 0.000	0.047 ± 0.000	5	16980	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.153 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.265 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.029 ± 0.000	0.038 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.195 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.327 ± 0.000	0.036 ± 0.000	0.047 ± 0.000	5	149780	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.155 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.269 ± 0.000	0.030 ± 0.000	0.038 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.195 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.327 ± 0.000	0.036 ± 0.000	0.047 ± 0.000	5	37620	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.155 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.268 ± 0.000	0.030 ± 0.000	0.038 ± 0.000	5	10637	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.111	0.111 ± 0.000	0.187 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.315 ± 0.000	0.035 ± 0.000	0.035 ± 0.000	5	68604	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.111	0.111 ± 0.000	0.121 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.215 ± 0.000	0.024 ± 0.000	0.024 ± 0.000	5	10844	—	0s

fault_classification_line

fault_classification_line — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	f1_flt_1phg_hif	f1_flt_1phg_hif_w_arc	f1_flt_1phg_incipient	f1_flt_1phg_incipient_w_arc	f1_flt_1phg_shc	f1_flt_1phg_shc_w_arc	f1_flt_2ph_shc	f1_flt_2phg_shc	f1_flt_3ph_shc	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.023	0.987 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.652 ± 0.067	0.403 ± 0.145	0.996 ± 0.003	0.996 ± 0.003	0.998 ± 0.004	1.000 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.004	0.671 ± 0.020	0.863 ± 0.026	5	16980	510k	6.3m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.007	0.869 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.625 ± 0.054	0.624 ± 0.026	0.960 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.001	0.675 ± 0.006	0.868 ± 0.008	5	11673	510k	6.3m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.007	0.865 ± 0.006	—	—	0.626 ± 0.052	0.589 ± 0.017	0.961 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.003	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.672 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.843	0.843 ± 0.029	0.958 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	0.469 ± 0.167	0.532 ± 0.063	0.936 ± 0.049	0.939 ± 0.047	0.990 ± 0.007	0.985 ± 0.010	0.997 ± 0.006	0.650 ± 0.028	0.835 ± 0.036	5	16980	510k	6.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.835	0.835 ± 0.020	0.955 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.514 ± 0.128	0.427 ± 0.151	0.923 ± 0.057	0.927 ± 0.053	0.995 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.005	0.997 ± 0.002	0.641 ± 0.016	0.825 ± 0.021	5	37620	510k	5.0m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.834	0.834 ± 0.015	0.955 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	0.566 ± 0.108	0.346 ± 0.218	0.921 ± 0.045	0.915 ± 0.050	0.998 ± 0.003	0.998 ± 0.002	0.998 ± 0.003	0.638 ± 0.010	0.820 ± 0.012	5	37620	510k	6.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.833	0.833 ± 0.009	0.955 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.279 ± 0.081	0.605 ± 0.021	0.925 ± 0.031	0.924 ± 0.034	0.993 ± 0.008	0.991 ± 0.008	1.000 ± 0.001	0.635 ± 0.004	0.817 ± 0.005	5	16980	510k	5.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.012	0.948 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.418 ± 0.197	0.462 ± 0.197	0.909 ± 0.039	0.910 ± 0.037	0.995 ± 0.002	0.991 ± 0.004	0.994 ± 0.004	0.631 ± 0.012	0.811 ± 0.015	5	37620	510k	4.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.016	0.951 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	0.440 ± 0.190	0.431 ± 0.178	0.918 ± 0.058	0.920 ± 0.056	0.995 ± 0.004	0.992 ± 0.004	0.995 ± 0.003	0.632 ± 0.022	0.813 ± 0.029	5	37620	510k	5.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.826	0.826 ± 0.012	0.944 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.319 ± 0.164	0.587 ± 0.066	0.905 ± 0.028	0.899 ± 0.034	0.989 ± 0.007	0.985 ± 0.009	0.999 ± 0.001	0.631 ± 0.014	0.812 ± 0.018	5	16980	510k	5.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.824	0.824 ± 0.020	0.832 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	0.482 ± 0.066	0.556 ± 0.064	0.934 ± 0.020	0.938 ± 0.017	0.969 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.000	0.962 ± 0.002	0.645 ± 0.015	0.830 ± 0.019	5	11673	510k	6.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.823	0.823 ± 0.016	0.943 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.466 ± 0.139	0.451 ± 0.086	0.899 ± 0.048	0.900 ± 0.058	0.992 ± 0.002	0.989 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.005	0.632 ± 0.020	0.813 ± 0.026	5	37620	510k	5.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.823	0.823 ± 0.009	0.941 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.202	0.563 ± 0.092	0.898 ± 0.031	0.890 ± 0.035	0.989 ± 0.002	0.986 ± 0.002	0.999 ± 0.001	0.628 ± 0.019	0.808 ± 0.025	5	16980	510k	5.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.822	0.822 ± 0.011	0.939 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.295 ± 0.295	0.565 ± 0.122	0.894 ± 0.033	0.887 ± 0.045	0.990 ± 0.004	0.985 ± 0.011	0.997 ± 0.004	0.624 ± 0.025	0.802 ± 0.032	5	16980	510k	5.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.819	0.819 ± 0.026	0.828 ± 0.024	—	—	0.500 ± 0.090	0.514 ± 0.077	0.934 ± 0.020	0.932 ± 0.020	0.969 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.642 ± 0.020	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.819	0.819 ± 0.012	0.935 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.198 ± 0.238	0.606 ± 0.082	0.883 ± 0.041	0.877 ± 0.048	0.989 ± 0.008	0.985 ± 0.011	0.999 ± 0.002	0.615 ± 0.027	0.791 ± 0.034	5	16980	510k	7.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.818	0.818 ± 0.030	0.931 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	0.457 ± 0.137	0.452 ± 0.185	0.866 ± 0.093	0.875 ± 0.077	0.992 ± 0.003	0.988 ± 0.004	0.995 ± 0.002	0.625 ± 0.027	0.804 ± 0.035	5	37620	510k	4.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.817	0.817 ± 0.008	0.826 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.427 ± 0.032	0.570 ± 0.019	0.923 ± 0.017	0.929 ± 0.015	0.969 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.000	0.962 ± 0.001	0.639 ± 0.006	0.821 ± 0.008	5	11673	510k	5.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.817	0.817 ± 0.019	0.930 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.399 ± 0.065	0.540 ± 0.060	0.869 ± 0.046	0.866 ± 0.044	0.990 ± 0.007	0.985 ± 0.011	0.995 ± 0.003	0.627 ± 0.016	0.807 ± 0.021	5	37620	510k	5.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.816	0.816 ± 0.010	0.825 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.398 ± 0.115	0.581 ± 0.032	0.916 ± 0.017	0.919 ± 0.017	0.969 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.002	0.635 ± 0.013	0.816 ± 0.017	5	11673	510k	7.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.816	0.816 ± 0.008	0.824 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.416 ± 0.080	0.565 ± 0.031	0.923 ± 0.015	0.928 ± 0.016	0.969 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.001	0.637 ± 0.008	0.819 ± 0.010	5	11673	510k	5.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.815	0.815 ± 0.007	0.823 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.437 ± 0.085	0.544 ± 0.062	0.925 ± 0.012	0.927 ± 0.012	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	0.637 ± 0.008	0.819 ± 0.010	5	11673	510k	5.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.815	0.815 ± 0.008	0.823 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.410 ± 0.148	0.556 ± 0.045	0.920 ± 0.010	0.924 ± 0.011	0.969 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.002	0.634 ± 0.013	0.816 ± 0.017	5	11673	510k	5.2m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.811	0.811 ± 0.016	0.925 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.068 ± 0.087	0.657 ± 0.012	0.851 ± 0.047	0.834 ± 0.065	0.998 ± 0.003	0.998 ± 0.001	0.998 ± 0.003	0.600 ± 0.009	0.772 ± 0.012	5	16980	52k	2.1m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.809	0.809 ± 0.028	0.818 ± 0.027	—	—	0.492 ± 0.078	0.470 ± 0.112	0.925 ± 0.025	0.924 ± 0.020	0.967 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.000	0.966 ± 0.002	0.635 ± 0.022	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.805	0.805 ± 0.036	0.813 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	0.495 ± 0.087	0.457 ± 0.141	0.907 ± 0.034	0.916 ± 0.030	0.968 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.631 ± 0.029	0.811 ± 0.037	5	10637	510k	6.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.803	0.803 ± 0.010	0.813 ± 0.010	—	—	0.403 ± 0.062	0.519 ± 0.032	0.918 ± 0.011	0.918 ± 0.010	0.969 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.001	0.629 ± 0.008	0.809 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.802	0.802 ± 0.007	0.811 ± 0.007	—	—	0.376 ± 0.105	0.532 ± 0.050	0.906 ± 0.026	0.906 ± 0.025	0.968 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.000	0.625 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.799	0.799 ± 0.009	0.809 ± 0.008	—	—	0.396 ± 0.103	0.498 ± 0.037	0.916 ± 0.013	0.915 ± 0.014	0.968 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.625 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.799	0.799 ± 0.017	0.808 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	0.458 ± 0.038	0.519 ± 0.030	0.881 ± 0.040	0.885 ± 0.038	0.969 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.002	0.627 ± 0.013	0.807 ± 0.017	5	10637	510k	5.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.797	0.797 ± 0.006	0.807 ± 0.005	—	—	0.371 ± 0.163	0.497 ± 0.071	0.910 ± 0.009	0.909 ± 0.012	0.969 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.003	0.968 ± 0.002	0.621 ± 0.012	0.799 ± 0.015	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.797	0.797 ± 0.007	0.807 ± 0.006	—	—	0.403 ± 0.105	0.476 ± 0.080	0.917 ± 0.014	0.916 ± 0.016	0.969 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	0.624 ± 0.008	0.802 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.794	0.794 ± 0.015	0.804 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.429 ± 0.097	0.527 ± 0.064	0.868 ± 0.036	0.873 ± 0.037	0.968 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.622 ± 0.015	0.800 ± 0.020	5	10637	510k	5.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.792	0.792 ± 0.027	0.802 ± 0.029	n/a	n/a	0.430 ± 0.102	0.498 ± 0.175	0.862 ± 0.055	0.870 ± 0.046	0.968 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.002	0.618 ± 0.026	0.795 ± 0.034	5	10637	510k	5.1m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.792	0.792 ± 0.019	0.800 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	0.373 ± 0.006	0.537 ± 0.008	0.874 ± 0.071	0.876 ± 0.065	0.969 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.000	0.619 ± 0.015	0.795 ± 0.019	5	11673	52k	2.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.791	0.791 ± 0.015	0.802 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.398 ± 0.088	0.523 ± 0.104	0.867 ± 0.039	0.872 ± 0.039	0.969 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	0.618 ± 0.013	0.795 ± 0.017	5	10637	510k	4.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.791	0.791 ± 0.013	0.801 ± 0.014	—	—	0.413 ± 0.043	0.502 ± 0.043	0.888 ± 0.034	0.886 ± 0.037	0.966 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.002	0.621 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.790	0.790 ± 0.009	0.800 ± 0.008	—	—	0.405 ± 0.118	0.503 ± 0.069	0.881 ± 0.032	0.879 ± 0.036	0.964 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.618 ± 0.014	0.794 ± 0.017	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.787	0.787 ± 0.025	0.797 ± 0.025	—	—	0.393 ± 0.134	0.479 ± 0.173	0.875 ± 0.046	0.875 ± 0.041	0.965 ± 0.005	0.966 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	0.613 ± 0.024	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.785	0.785 ± 0.007	0.797 ± 0.007	—	—	0.349 ± 0.109	0.505 ± 0.124	0.878 ± 0.019	0.878 ± 0.021	0.966 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.003	0.966 ± 0.002	0.612 ± 0.008	0.787 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.780	0.780 ± 0.022	0.790 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	0.424 ± 0.087	0.480 ± 0.177	0.835 ± 0.072	0.841 ± 0.064	0.968 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.002	0.609 ± 0.022	0.783 ± 0.028	5	10637	510k	4.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.779	0.779 ± 0.011	0.791 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.397 ± 0.036	0.536 ± 0.037	0.834 ± 0.028	0.838 ± 0.026	0.966 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.002	0.611 ± 0.008	0.786 ± 0.010	5	10637	510k	5.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.776	0.776 ± 0.018	0.786 ± 0.019	—	—	0.380 ± 0.120	0.463 ± 0.168	0.852 ± 0.057	0.857 ± 0.050	0.964 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.005	0.966 ± 0.001	0.605 ± 0.017	0.778 ± 0.021	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.774	0.774 ± 0.012	0.786 ± 0.012	—	—	0.335 ± 0.063	0.526 ± 0.021	0.847 ± 0.041	0.847 ± 0.040	0.963 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.003	0.605 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.773	0.773 ± 0.018	0.784 ± 0.019	—	—	0.349 ± 0.015	0.487 ± 0.009	0.853 ± 0.068	0.856 ± 0.058	0.969 ± 0.000	0.968 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.000	0.606 ± 0.015	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.743	0.743 ± 0.021	0.833 ± 0.028	n/a	n/a	0.459 ± 0.319	0.377 ± 0.184	0.666 ± 0.087	0.534 ± 0.056	0.995 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.003	0.995 ± 0.002	0.558 ± 0.028	0.717 ± 0.036	5	37620	52k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.742	0.742 ± 0.017	0.830 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.448 ± 0.146	0.443 ± 0.162	0.637 ± 0.041	0.577 ± 0.086	0.992 ± 0.002	0.988 ± 0.005	0.998 ± 0.001	0.565 ± 0.015	0.726 ± 0.020	5	37620	52k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.735	0.735 ± 0.026	0.821 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	0.357 ± 0.078	0.560 ± 0.049	0.640 ± 0.046	0.529 ± 0.148	0.987 ± 0.008	0.978 ± 0.005	0.998 ± 0.002	0.561 ± 0.023	0.721 ± 0.029	5	16980	52k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.735	0.735 ± 0.023	0.820 ± 0.028	n/a	n/a	0.441 ± 0.153	0.450 ± 0.120	0.608 ± 0.067	0.567 ± 0.069	0.989 ± 0.003	0.986 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.002	0.559 ± 0.022	0.719 ± 0.028	5	37620	52k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.733	0.733 ± 0.003	0.818 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.469 ± 0.145	0.417 ± 0.189	0.608 ± 0.022	0.548 ± 0.036	0.990 ± 0.004	0.986 ± 0.005	0.997 ± 0.002	0.557 ± 0.006	0.716 ± 0.008	5	37620	52k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.731	0.731 ± 0.009	0.815 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.347 ± 0.036	0.586 ± 0.013	0.592 ± 0.047	0.560 ± 0.026	0.984 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.005	0.999 ± 0.001	0.560 ± 0.008	0.721 ± 0.010	5	16980	52k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.730	0.730 ± 0.015	0.815 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	0.448 ± 0.189	0.413 ± 0.182	0.601 ± 0.064	0.545 ± 0.046	0.992 ± 0.004	0.985 ± 0.005	0.996 ± 0.003	0.553 ± 0.017	0.711 ± 0.022	5	37620	52k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.729	0.729 ± 0.019	0.813 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	0.424 ± 0.182	0.440 ± 0.106	0.566 ± 0.093	0.574 ± 0.040	0.991 ± 0.002	0.986 ± 0.004	0.995 ± 0.003	0.553 ± 0.023	0.711 ± 0.029	5	37620	52k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.727	0.727 ± 0.013	0.811 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	0.307 ± 0.069	0.580 ± 0.043	0.605 ± 0.026	0.530 ± 0.077	0.982 ± 0.005	0.972 ± 0.008	0.996 ± 0.005	0.552 ± 0.015	0.710 ± 0.019	5	16980	52k	2.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.727	0.727 ± 0.008	0.810 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.318 ± 0.167	0.538 ± 0.081	0.609 ± 0.022	0.494 ± 0.063	0.993 ± 0.002	0.986 ± 0.005	0.997 ± 0.002	0.548 ± 0.016	0.705 ± 0.021	5	37620	52k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.726	0.726 ± 0.029	0.809 ± 0.039	n/a	n/a	0.370 ± 0.119	0.472 ± 0.124	0.600 ± 0.090	0.528 ± 0.138	0.988 ± 0.006	0.982 ± 0.003	0.988 ± 0.009	0.548 ± 0.031	0.704 ± 0.039	5	37620	56k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.725	0.725 ± 0.015	0.807 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	0.389 ± 0.125	0.519 ± 0.124	0.604 ± 0.051	0.509 ± 0.095	0.980 ± 0.007	0.976 ± 0.005	0.997 ± 0.002	0.553 ± 0.018	0.710 ± 0.023	5	16980	52k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.725	0.725 ± 0.029	0.807 ± 0.040	n/a	n/a	0.338 ± 0.112	0.513 ± 0.089	0.604 ± 0.070	0.494 ± 0.140	0.990 ± 0.006	0.985 ± 0.007	0.995 ± 0.003	0.547 ± 0.031	0.703 ± 0.040	5	16980	56k	2.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.724	0.724 ± 0.007	0.806 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.351 ± 0.233	0.542 ± 0.139	0.583 ± 0.089	0.512 ± 0.065	0.985 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.006	0.995 ± 0.007	0.549 ± 0.015	0.706 ± 0.019	5	16980	52k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.722	0.722 ± 0.004	0.804 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.386 ± 0.114	0.534 ± 0.061	0.594 ± 0.043	0.485 ± 0.066	0.988 ± 0.006	0.978 ± 0.003	0.996 ± 0.007	0.551 ± 0.011	0.709 ± 0.014	5	16980	52k	1.2m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.719	0.719 ± 0.005	0.799 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.465 ± 0.240	0.449 ± 0.209	0.585 ± 0.032	0.429 ± 0.079	0.996 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.003	0.998 ± 0.001	0.546 ± 0.019	0.702 ± 0.025	5	16980	56k	2.0m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.718	0.718 ± 0.003	0.798 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.405 ± 0.190	0.466 ± 0.325	0.564 ± 0.030	0.477 ± 0.063	0.992 ± 0.002	0.986 ± 0.011	0.996 ± 0.002	0.543 ± 0.014	0.698 ± 0.019	5	37620	56k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.716	0.716 ± 0.006	0.795 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.363 ± 0.135	0.501 ± 0.077	0.585 ± 0.012	0.438 ± 0.067	0.995 ± 0.002	0.989 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.002	0.540 ± 0.008	0.695 ± 0.010	5	16980	56k	1.7m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.716	0.716 ± 0.001	0.795 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.562 ± 0.006	0.368 ± 0.027	0.543 ± 0.015	0.479 ± 0.018	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.002	1.000 ± 0.000	0.549 ± 0.003	0.706 ± 0.004	5	16980	3.1M	1.1m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.716	0.716 ± 0.003	0.794 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.078 ± 0.135	0.642 ± 0.021	0.538 ± 0.078	0.476 ± 0.093	0.994 ± 0.004	0.993 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.004	0.524 ± 0.015	0.674 ± 0.019	5	149780	510k	3.2m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.715	0.715 ± 0.000	0.794 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.099 ± 0.118	0.644 ± 0.021	0.559 ± 0.025	0.448 ± 0.033	0.996 ± 0.000	0.994 ± 0.001	0.999 ± 0.000	0.527 ± 0.010	0.677 ± 0.013	5	149780	3.1M	2.1m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.715	0.715 ± 0.002	0.793 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.475 ± 0.147	0.414 ± 0.257	0.541 ± 0.057	0.474 ± 0.064	0.994 ± 0.003	0.992 ± 0.003	0.997 ± 0.001	0.543 ± 0.014	0.698 ± 0.019	5	149780	56k	2.1m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.715	0.715 ± 0.001	0.793 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.190 ± 0.025	0.622 ± 0.006	0.530 ± 0.008	0.492 ± 0.010	0.996 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.003	0.998 ± 0.001	0.536 ± 0.003	0.689 ± 0.004	5	37620	3.1M	1.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.713	0.713 ± 0.005	0.791 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.414 ± 0.053	0.454 ± 0.046	0.553 ± 0.037	0.468 ± 0.041	0.993 ± 0.006	0.988 ± 0.007	0.995 ± 0.004	0.540 ± 0.005	0.695 ± 0.006	5	16980	56k	1.8m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.713	0.713 ± 0.002	0.791 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.353 ± 0.237	0.503 ± 0.152	0.591 ± 0.020	0.380 ± 0.054	0.996 ± 0.001	0.991 ± 0.003	0.997 ± 0.001	0.534 ± 0.014	0.687 ± 0.019	5	149780	52k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.713	0.713 ± 0.009	0.791 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.338 ± 0.118	0.507 ± 0.084	0.533 ± 0.043	0.484 ± 0.041	0.995 ± 0.002	0.991 ± 0.003	0.996 ± 0.004	0.538 ± 0.013	0.692 ± 0.017	5	16980	56k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.712	0.712 ± 0.008	0.790 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.320 ± 0.138	0.505 ± 0.132	0.545 ± 0.020	0.490 ± 0.049	0.991 ± 0.004	0.983 ± 0.004	0.989 ± 0.006	0.536 ± 0.011	0.689 ± 0.014	5	37620	56k	2.1m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.711	0.711 ± 0.041	0.721 ± 0.037	—	—	0.343 ± 0.212	0.512 ± 0.067	0.569 ± 0.197	0.651 ± 0.073	0.962 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.003	0.551 ± 0.047	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.711	0.711 ± 0.001	0.788 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.348 ± 0.042	0.538 ± 0.018	0.554 ± 0.025	0.437 ± 0.041	0.997 ± 0.001	0.990 ± 0.002	0.996 ± 0.001	0.540 ± 0.003	0.694 ± 0.004	5	37620	3.1M	53s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.711	0.711 ± 0.003	0.788 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.386 ± 0.176	0.419 ± 0.287	0.553 ± 0.072	0.432 ± 0.120	0.992 ± 0.001	0.988 ± 0.001	0.990 ± 0.006	0.529 ± 0.025	0.680 ± 0.032	5	37620	56k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.710	0.710 ± 0.030	0.716 ± 0.031	n/a	n/a	0.412 ± 0.057	0.530 ± 0.032	0.588 ± 0.059	0.562 ± 0.135	0.969 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.002	0.555 ± 0.025	0.713 ± 0.032	5	11673	52k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.710	0.710 ± 0.002	0.786 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.319 ± 0.167	0.458 ± 0.281	0.521 ± 0.044	0.497 ± 0.062	0.987 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.004	0.989 ± 0.001	0.528 ± 0.021	0.679 ± 0.027	5	37620	56k	1.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.710	0.710 ± 0.001	0.786 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.326 ± 0.046	0.540 ± 0.021	0.556 ± 0.016	0.436 ± 0.027	0.996 ± 0.001	0.988 ± 0.002	0.991 ± 0.004	0.537 ± 0.003	0.690 ± 0.004	5	37620	3.1M	54s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.709	0.709 ± 0.001	0.786 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.383 ± 0.004	0.399 ± 0.005	0.550 ± 0.008	0.445 ± 0.011	0.997 ± 0.001	0.995 ± 0.001	0.990 ± 0.001	0.529 ± 0.001	0.680 ± 0.002	5	16980	3.1M	60s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.709	0.709 ± 0.003	0.786 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.251 ± 0.072	0.566 ± 0.027	0.551 ± 0.043	0.451 ± 0.048	0.993 ± 0.003	0.986 ± 0.005	0.988 ± 0.002	0.532 ± 0.006	0.684 ± 0.008	5	37620	56k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.709	0.709 ± 0.002	0.786 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.344 ± 0.066	0.507 ± 0.047	0.569 ± 0.011	0.421 ± 0.018	0.996 ± 0.000	0.987 ± 0.001	0.988 ± 0.004	0.535 ± 0.006	0.688 ± 0.007	5	37620	3.1M	2.9m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.709	0.709 ± 0.001	0.786 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.327 ± 0.013	0.524 ± 0.005	0.556 ± 0.010	0.445 ± 0.010	0.995 ± 0.001	0.986 ± 0.002	0.987 ± 0.003	0.536 ± 0.001	0.689 ± 0.001	5	37620	3.1M	54s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.709	0.709 ± 0.001	0.785 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.381 ± 0.004	0.385 ± 0.007	0.531 ± 0.007	0.477 ± 0.013	0.996 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.003	0.987 ± 0.003	0.528 ± 0.002	0.679 ± 0.002	5	16980	3.1M	58s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.709	0.709 ± 0.002	0.785 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.300 ± 0.127	0.498 ± 0.156	0.511 ± 0.035	0.501 ± 0.033	0.989 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.003	0.991 ± 0.004	0.530 ± 0.009	0.682 ± 0.011	5	37620	56k	1.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.708	0.708 ± 0.001	0.784 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.372 ± 0.021	0.378 ± 0.016	0.542 ± 0.033	0.464 ± 0.042	0.996 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.003	0.983 ± 0.002	0.525 ± 0.002	0.675 ± 0.002	5	16980	3.1M	1.9m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.708	0.708 ± 0.001	0.784 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.399 ± 0.009	0.373 ± 0.010	0.561 ± 0.018	0.430 ± 0.034	0.994 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.003	0.986 ± 0.002	0.526 ± 0.003	0.676 ± 0.003	5	16980	3.1M	58s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.708	0.708 ± 0.001	0.784 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.377 ± 0.010	0.372 ± 0.014	0.547 ± 0.025	0.454 ± 0.034	0.996 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	0.525 ± 0.002	0.675 ± 0.002	5	16980	3.1M	58s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.708	0.708 ± 0.001	0.784 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.401 ± 0.010	0.374 ± 0.010	0.572 ± 0.031	0.403 ± 0.067	0.994 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.001	0.986 ± 0.003	0.525 ± 0.005	0.675 ± 0.006	5	16980	3.1M	60s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.707	0.707 ± 0.002	0.783 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.311 ± 0.148	0.488 ± 0.100	0.566 ± 0.038	0.397 ± 0.076	0.992 ± 0.002	0.987 ± 0.005	0.995 ± 0.004	0.526 ± 0.005	0.676 ± 0.006	5	16980	56k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.707	0.707 ± 0.006	0.714 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.457 ± 0.066	0.484 ± 0.104	0.576 ± 0.031	0.553 ± 0.073	0.966 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.001	0.552 ± 0.006	0.709 ± 0.008	5	10637	52k	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.707	0.707 ± 0.000	0.783 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.327 ± 0.017	0.525 ± 0.015	0.558 ± 0.007	0.409 ± 0.013	0.995 ± 0.001	0.987 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.001	0.533 ± 0.002	0.685 ± 0.003	5	37620	3.1M	54s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.707	0.707 ± 0.001	0.783 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.318 ± 0.022	0.528 ± 0.013	0.569 ± 0.005	0.392 ± 0.004	0.995 ± 0.001	0.986 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	0.531 ± 0.003	0.683 ± 0.003	5	37620	3.1M	54s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.706	0.706 ± 0.013	0.713 ± 0.013	—	—	0.405 ± 0.033	0.497 ± 0.035	0.574 ± 0.026	0.595 ± 0.068	0.968 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.003	0.968 ± 0.001	0.552 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.706	0.706 ± 0.005	0.781 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.266 ± 0.116	0.509 ± 0.061	0.546 ± 0.042	0.431 ± 0.047	0.989 ± 0.005	0.984 ± 0.007	0.994 ± 0.004	0.524 ± 0.008	0.674 ± 0.011	5	16980	56k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.706	0.706 ± 0.020	0.712 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	0.377 ± 0.036	0.545 ± 0.031	0.567 ± 0.034	0.561 ± 0.077	0.969 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.002	0.550 ± 0.015	0.707 ± 0.020	5	11673	52k	2.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.706	0.706 ± 0.024	0.713 ± 0.026	—	—	0.432 ± 0.043	0.470 ± 0.039	0.591 ± 0.075	0.585 ± 0.135	0.968 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.004	0.967 ± 0.002	0.553 ± 0.021	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.706	0.706 ± 0.012	0.716 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.351 ± 0.141	0.491 ± 0.113	0.571 ± 0.127	0.630 ± 0.036	0.967 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.003	0.549 ± 0.021	0.706 ± 0.027	5	10637	52k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.705	0.705 ± 0.012	0.712 ± 0.012	—	—	0.408 ± 0.037	0.500 ± 0.017	0.548 ± 0.053	0.609 ± 0.038	0.967 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.004	0.968 ± 0.002	0.551 ± 0.009	0.709 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.705	0.705 ± 0.017	0.712 ± 0.017	—	—	0.434 ± 0.100	0.448 ± 0.110	0.599 ± 0.046	0.576 ± 0.094	0.964 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.001	0.550 ± 0.014	0.707 ± 0.018	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.705	0.705 ± 0.024	0.711 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	0.367 ± 0.044	0.553 ± 0.013	0.534 ± 0.086	0.584 ± 0.049	0.969 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.002	0.548 ± 0.020	0.705 ± 0.025	5	11673	52k	1.6m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.704	0.704 ± 0.005	0.708 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.567 ± 0.008	0.436 ± 0.039	0.517 ± 0.025	0.510 ± 0.024	0.968 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.000	0.548 ± 0.005	0.704 ± 0.006	5	11673	3.1M	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.704	0.704 ± 0.017	0.711 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.447 ± 0.054	0.485 ± 0.079	0.561 ± 0.070	0.562 ± 0.052	0.967 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.002	0.550 ± 0.014	0.708 ± 0.018	5	10637	52k	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.701	0.701 ± 0.001	0.787 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.440 ± 0.067	0.465 ± 0.062	0.537 ± 0.019	0.466 ± 0.026	0.993 ± 0.001	0.989 ± 0.001	0.991 ± 0.001	0.542 ± 0.001	0.697 ± 0.002	5	149780	3.1M	2.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.701	0.701 ± 0.005	0.708 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.463 ± 0.058	0.486 ± 0.070	0.542 ± 0.038	0.543 ± 0.015	0.965 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.005	0.968 ± 0.001	0.548 ± 0.004	0.704 ± 0.005	5	10637	52k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.701	0.701 ± 0.002	0.785 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.195 ± 0.083	0.587 ± 0.028	0.534 ± 0.005	0.464 ± 0.009	0.993 ± 0.000	0.986 ± 0.002	0.990 ± 0.001	0.528 ± 0.006	0.679 ± 0.008	5	149780	3.1M	60s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.701	0.701 ± 0.001	0.786 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.462 ± 0.041	0.446 ± 0.042	0.546 ± 0.010	0.450 ± 0.019	0.993 ± 0.001	0.989 ± 0.000	0.990 ± 0.001	0.542 ± 0.001	0.697 ± 0.002	5	149780	3.1M	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.701	0.701 ± 0.001	0.785 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.428 ± 0.051	0.477 ± 0.040	0.543 ± 0.007	0.451 ± 0.009	0.993 ± 0.000	0.987 ± 0.002	0.990 ± 0.001	0.541 ± 0.001	0.696 ± 0.002	5	149780	3.1M	60s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.701	0.701 ± 0.001	0.785 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.469 ± 0.031	0.437 ± 0.036	0.536 ± 0.012	0.463 ± 0.017	0.994 ± 0.000	0.987 ± 0.002	0.990 ± 0.002	0.542 ± 0.002	0.696 ± 0.003	5	149780	3.1M	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.701	0.701 ± 0.001	0.784 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.287 ± 0.099	0.558 ± 0.039	0.530 ± 0.013	0.467 ± 0.019	0.993 ± 0.000	0.986 ± 0.001	0.989 ± 0.000	0.534 ± 0.007	0.687 ± 0.009	5	149780	3.1M	1.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.701	0.701 ± 0.005	0.784 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.399 ± 0.158	0.398 ± 0.133	0.542 ± 0.028	0.457 ± 0.037	0.993 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.004	0.988 ± 0.004	0.529 ± 0.012	0.680 ± 0.015	5	149780	52k	45s
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.700	0.700 ± 0.010	0.924 ± 0.003	0.352 ± 0.041	0.476 ± 0.053	0.320 ± 0.036	0.281 ± 0.040	0.930 ± 0.003	0.933 ± 0.007	0.987 ± 0.004	0.985 ± 0.002	0.985 ± 0.004	0.694 ± 0.011	0.694 ± 0.011	5	68604	510k	7.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.699	0.699 ± 0.005	0.708 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.374 ± 0.074	0.540 ± 0.071	0.572 ± 0.028	0.511 ± 0.053	0.967 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.002	0.544 ± 0.005	0.699 ± 0.007	5	10637	52k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.699	0.699 ± 0.006	0.706 ± 0.005	—	—	0.438 ± 0.091	0.444 ± 0.091	0.573 ± 0.015	0.566 ± 0.025	0.963 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.001	0.546 ± 0.005	0.702 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.698	0.698 ± 0.008	0.781 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.399 ± 0.203	0.365 ± 0.214	0.555 ± 0.029	0.435 ± 0.070	0.990 ± 0.003	0.984 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.005	0.523 ± 0.017	0.673 ± 0.022	5	149780	56k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.698	0.698 ± 0.021	0.706 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	0.430 ± 0.126	0.492 ± 0.076	0.515 ± 0.097	0.570 ± 0.046	0.967 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.004	0.966 ± 0.004	0.545 ± 0.021	0.700 ± 0.027	5	10637	52k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.698	0.698 ± 0.004	0.784 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.246 ± 0.198	0.496 ± 0.084	0.557 ± 0.032	0.433 ± 0.059	0.990 ± 0.001	0.986 ± 0.001	0.986 ± 0.002	0.522 ± 0.014	0.671 ± 0.018	5	149780	56k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.698	0.698 ± 0.004	0.781 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.346 ± 0.148	0.417 ± 0.137	0.527 ± 0.035	0.477 ± 0.036	0.991 ± 0.001	0.984 ± 0.004	0.981 ± 0.009	0.525 ± 0.007	0.675 ± 0.010	5	149780	56k	1.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.698	0.698 ± 0.003	0.782 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.432 ± 0.165	0.328 ± 0.199	0.527 ± 0.046	0.475 ± 0.055	0.988 ± 0.002	0.972 ± 0.005	0.987 ± 0.003	0.523 ± 0.012	0.673 ± 0.015	5	149780	510k	2.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.698	0.698 ± 0.006	0.782 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.338 ± 0.077	0.465 ± 0.081	0.553 ± 0.054	0.427 ± 0.098	0.991 ± 0.004	0.975 ± 0.012	0.987 ± 0.004	0.526 ± 0.010	0.676 ± 0.012	5	149780	52k	52s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.698	0.698 ± 0.033	0.703 ± 0.033	n/a	n/a	0.419 ± 0.101	0.507 ± 0.047	0.569 ± 0.092	0.526 ± 0.106	0.968 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	0.953 ± 0.006	0.545 ± 0.027	0.701 ± 0.035	5	11673	56k	2.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.698	0.698 ± 0.015	0.704 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.415 ± 0.113	0.511 ± 0.086	0.501 ± 0.131	0.558 ± 0.054	0.968 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.002	0.542 ± 0.014	0.697 ± 0.018	5	11673	52k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.698	0.698 ± 0.003	0.780 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.375 ± 0.085	0.410 ± 0.115	0.513 ± 0.060	0.483 ± 0.071	0.990 ± 0.004	0.974 ± 0.008	0.985 ± 0.002	0.525 ± 0.008	0.675 ± 0.010	5	149780	52k	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.698	0.698 ± 0.026	0.705 ± 0.025	—	—	0.428 ± 0.103	0.460 ± 0.087	0.560 ± 0.080	0.568 ± 0.067	0.962 ± 0.006	0.962 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.002	0.545 ± 0.021	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.698	0.698 ± 0.009	0.704 ± 0.009	—	—	0.425 ± 0.131	0.470 ± 0.089	0.508 ± 0.090	0.581 ± 0.056	0.968 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.001	0.542 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.697	0.697 ± 0.004	0.782 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.374 ± 0.212	0.398 ± 0.158	0.532 ± 0.041	0.467 ± 0.068	0.990 ± 0.003	0.976 ± 0.008	0.984 ± 0.006	0.524 ± 0.009	0.674 ± 0.012	5	149780	52k	42s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.697	0.697 ± 0.036	0.705 ± 0.033	—	—	0.421 ± 0.178	0.472 ± 0.070	0.531 ± 0.119	0.581 ± 0.072	0.962 ± 0.004	0.956 ± 0.006	0.964 ± 0.004	0.543 ± 0.032	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.697	0.697 ± 0.018	0.703 ± 0.019	—	—	0.440 ± 0.082	0.462 ± 0.099	0.539 ± 0.076	0.560 ± 0.091	0.967 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.004	0.966 ± 0.002	0.544 ± 0.016	0.700 ± 0.021	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.697	0.697 ± 0.002	0.784 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.431 ± 0.067	0.398 ± 0.084	0.532 ± 0.038	0.478 ± 0.056	0.990 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.004	0.984 ± 0.002	0.533 ± 0.004	0.685 ± 0.005	5	149780	56k	1.5m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.697	0.697 ± 0.006	0.701 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.473 ± 0.202	0.419 ± 0.159	0.542 ± 0.023	0.504 ± 0.039	0.966 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.004	0.968 ± 0.001	0.537 ± 0.012	0.691 ± 0.016	5	11673	56k	2.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.697	0.697 ± 0.001	0.780 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.326 ± 0.146	0.442 ± 0.114	0.532 ± 0.022	0.467 ± 0.026	0.988 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.004	0.980 ± 0.005	0.524 ± 0.009	0.674 ± 0.011	5	149780	56k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.696	0.696 ± 0.004	0.780 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.278 ± 0.177	0.447 ± 0.129	0.509 ± 0.017	0.498 ± 0.014	0.990 ± 0.003	0.979 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.008	0.520 ± 0.007	0.669 ± 0.010	5	149780	52k	41s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.696	0.696 ± 0.016	0.701 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.428 ± 0.131	0.521 ± 0.040	0.504 ± 0.074	0.533 ± 0.041	0.968 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.002	0.542 ± 0.016	0.697 ± 0.020	5	11673	52k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.696	0.696 ± 0.002	0.781 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.408 ± 0.155	0.369 ± 0.187	0.558 ± 0.027	0.426 ± 0.052	0.988 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.003	0.984 ± 0.005	0.524 ± 0.006	0.674 ± 0.008	5	149780	56k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.695	0.695 ± 0.002	0.781 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.333 ± 0.087	0.465 ± 0.068	0.507 ± 0.013	0.499 ± 0.023	0.991 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.007	0.987 ± 0.003	0.528 ± 0.006	0.679 ± 0.007	5	149780	52k	47s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.695	0.695 ± 0.022	0.702 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	0.449 ± 0.076	0.460 ± 0.105	0.534 ± 0.073	0.546 ± 0.047	0.965 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.004	0.967 ± 0.002	0.543 ± 0.019	0.698 ± 0.024	5	10637	52k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.695	0.695 ± 0.006	0.778 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.347 ± 0.202	0.405 ± 0.127	0.497 ± 0.081	0.488 ± 0.079	0.993 ± 0.002	0.972 ± 0.013	0.982 ± 0.009	0.520 ± 0.012	0.669 ± 0.015	5	149780	510k	2.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.694	0.694 ± 0.007	0.777 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.229 ± 0.170	0.461 ± 0.148	0.546 ± 0.059	0.429 ± 0.103	0.991 ± 0.004	0.974 ± 0.012	0.981 ± 0.013	0.512 ± 0.009	0.659 ± 0.012	5	149780	510k	2.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.694	0.694 ± 0.022	0.700 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.391 ± 0.121	0.502 ± 0.092	0.524 ± 0.095	0.544 ± 0.088	0.968 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.002	0.540 ± 0.019	0.694 ± 0.025	5	11673	52k	1.2m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.693	0.693 ± 0.010	0.703 ± 0.010	—	—	0.106 ± 0.135	0.601 ± 0.022	0.500 ± 0.097	0.553 ± 0.036	0.965 ± 0.005	0.967 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.004	0.518 ± 0.015	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.693	0.693 ± 0.002	0.698 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.517 ± 0.009	0.469 ± 0.003	0.494 ± 0.027	0.531 ± 0.030	0.969 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.001	0.942 ± 0.001	0.543 ± 0.001	0.698 ± 0.002	5	11673	3.1M	1.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.693	0.693 ± 0.008	0.699 ± 0.008	—	—	0.437 ± 0.091	0.473 ± 0.053	0.506 ± 0.060	0.557 ± 0.050	0.968 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.000	0.541 ± 0.008	0.696 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.693	0.693 ± 0.023	0.700 ± 0.023	—	—	0.427 ± 0.119	0.429 ± 0.106	0.554 ± 0.096	0.562 ± 0.059	0.962 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.004	0.966 ± 0.001	0.540 ± 0.019	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.692	0.692 ± 0.005	0.777 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.411 ± 0.169	0.328 ± 0.193	0.511 ± 0.050	0.486 ± 0.062	0.983 ± 0.008	0.968 ± 0.009	0.983 ± 0.008	0.519 ± 0.013	0.667 ± 0.017	5	149780	510k	2.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.692	0.692 ± 0.003	0.775 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.169 ± 0.165	0.508 ± 0.070	0.491 ± 0.154	0.463 ± 0.145	0.988 ± 0.005	0.966 ± 0.005	0.981 ± 0.011	0.507 ± 0.012	0.652 ± 0.015	5	149780	510k	2.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.692	0.692 ± 0.001	0.696 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.518 ± 0.002	0.468 ± 0.001	0.511 ± 0.015	0.506 ± 0.020	0.969 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.002	0.942 ± 0.003	0.542 ± 0.001	0.697 ± 0.001	5	11673	3.1M	60s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.692	0.692 ± 0.001	0.696 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.521 ± 0.001	0.469 ± 0.002	0.502 ± 0.018	0.511 ± 0.020	0.969 ± 0.000	0.968 ± 0.001	0.941 ± 0.003	0.542 ± 0.001	0.697 ± 0.001	5	11673	3.1M	58s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.691	0.691 ± 0.025	0.699 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	0.429 ± 0.110	0.458 ± 0.114	0.547 ± 0.093	0.522 ± 0.113	0.962 ± 0.005	0.953 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.002	0.537 ± 0.025	0.691 ± 0.032	5	10637	56k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.691	0.691 ± 0.029	0.697 ± 0.030	—	—	0.442 ± 0.085	0.476 ± 0.041	0.534 ± 0.088	0.526 ± 0.103	0.965 ± 0.004	0.958 ± 0.004	0.963 ± 0.003	0.541 ± 0.025	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.691	0.691 ± 0.001	0.695 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.520 ± 0.002	0.466 ± 0.001	0.514 ± 0.029	0.497 ± 0.030	0.969 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	0.939 ± 0.002	0.541 ± 0.001	0.696 ± 0.001	5	11673	3.1M	60s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.691	0.691 ± 0.001	0.695 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.518 ± 0.003	0.468 ± 0.001	0.482 ± 0.014	0.524 ± 0.014	0.969 ± 0.000	0.966 ± 0.002	0.944 ± 0.001	0.541 ± 0.001	0.696 ± 0.001	5	11673	3.1M	58s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.690	0.690 ± 0.016	0.699 ± 0.014	—	—	0.333 ± 0.150	0.519 ± 0.056	0.576 ± 0.028	0.507 ± 0.071	0.962 ± 0.003	0.957 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.002	0.535 ± 0.019	0.688 ± 0.024	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.690	0.690 ± 0.005	0.701 ± 0.004	—	—	0.322 ± 0.086	0.523 ± 0.021	0.502 ± 0.061	0.543 ± 0.054	0.961 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.970 ± 0.000	0.532 ± 0.005	0.684 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.689	0.689 ± 0.010	0.774 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.178 ± 0.119	0.501 ± 0.073	0.518 ± 0.077	0.455 ± 0.097	0.990 ± 0.004	0.960 ± 0.020	0.986 ± 0.003	0.510 ± 0.012	0.655 ± 0.016	5	149780	510k	2.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.689	0.689 ± 0.001	0.693 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.518 ± 0.001	0.467 ± 0.001	0.502 ± 0.018	0.494 ± 0.016	0.969 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.001	0.941 ± 0.002	0.540 ± 0.001	0.694 ± 0.001	5	11673	3.1M	58s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.688	0.688 ± 0.005	0.692 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.509 ± 0.043	0.458 ± 0.043	0.500 ± 0.034	0.486 ± 0.041	0.966 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.003	0.954 ± 0.005	0.538 ± 0.005	0.691 ± 0.006	5	11673	56k	1.8m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.687	0.687 ± 0.003	0.696 ± 0.003	—	—	0.170 ± 0.078	0.595 ± 0.019	0.471 ± 0.031	0.528 ± 0.009	0.969 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.000	0.519 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.687	0.687 ± 0.013	0.694 ± 0.013	—	—	0.371 ± 0.182	0.501 ± 0.078	0.550 ± 0.030	0.481 ± 0.055	0.961 ± 0.008	0.965 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.006	0.532 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.686	0.686 ± 0.010	0.691 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.467 ± 0.078	0.485 ± 0.063	0.518 ± 0.035	0.465 ± 0.059	0.967 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.002	0.956 ± 0.002	0.536 ± 0.008	0.689 ± 0.010	5	11673	56k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.685	0.685 ± 0.007	0.690 ± 0.008	—	—	0.512 ± 0.028	0.420 ± 0.037	0.488 ± 0.031	0.513 ± 0.062	0.965 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.002	0.536 ± 0.006	0.689 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.684	0.684 ± 0.005	0.691 ± 0.005	—	—	0.467 ± 0.101	0.367 ± 0.206	0.495 ± 0.035	0.539 ± 0.040	0.964 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.005	0.529 ± 0.015	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.684	0.684 ± 0.002	0.689 ± 0.002	—	—	0.539 ± 0.012	0.365 ± 0.019	0.483 ± 0.018	0.500 ± 0.028	0.969 ± 0.000	0.966 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.532 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.683	0.683 ± 0.007	0.689 ± 0.007	—	—	0.468 ± 0.176	0.385 ± 0.179	0.487 ± 0.056	0.502 ± 0.034	0.967 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.001	0.527 ± 0.014	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.683	0.683 ± 0.009	0.688 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.452 ± 0.101	0.471 ± 0.090	0.485 ± 0.035	0.505 ± 0.053	0.967 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.005	0.951 ± 0.009	0.533 ± 0.010	0.685 ± 0.012	5	11673	56k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.683	0.683 ± 0.004	0.692 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.367 ± 0.071	0.532 ± 0.028	0.523 ± 0.040	0.474 ± 0.074	0.966 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.001	0.532 ± 0.006	0.684 ± 0.007	5	10637	56k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.683	0.683 ± 0.005	0.688 ± 0.006	—	—	0.485 ± 0.059	0.437 ± 0.074	0.504 ± 0.035	0.489 ± 0.060	0.965 ± 0.003	0.959 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.002	0.534 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.682	0.682 ± 0.006	0.692 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.133 ± 0.126	0.607 ± 0.024	0.420 ± 0.100	0.525 ± 0.053	0.970 ± 0.000	0.965 ± 0.005	0.968 ± 0.003	0.510 ± 0.007	0.655 ± 0.009	5	11928	510k	3.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.682	0.682 ± 0.006	0.691 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.390 ± 0.091	0.508 ± 0.074	0.507 ± 0.029	0.494 ± 0.053	0.964 ± 0.004	0.958 ± 0.004	0.966 ± 0.003	0.532 ± 0.006	0.684 ± 0.008	5	10637	56k	2.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.682	0.682 ± 0.002	0.687 ± 0.002	—	—	0.525 ± 0.000	0.433 ± 0.001	0.425 ± 0.020	0.533 ± 0.009	0.968 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.002	0.953 ± 0.001	0.533 ± 0.002	0.685 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.681	0.681 ± 0.005	0.690 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.394 ± 0.124	0.436 ± 0.303	0.496 ± 0.053	0.498 ± 0.062	0.965 ± 0.001	0.957 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.002	0.524 ± 0.021	0.673 ± 0.026	5	10637	56k	1.8m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.680	0.680 ± 0.008	0.685 ± 0.008	0.393 ± 0.020	0.414 ± 0.029	0.349 ± 0.031	0.304 ± 0.053	0.928 ± 0.008	0.922 ± 0.008	0.958 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.002	0.953 ± 0.004	0.687 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.680	0.680 ± 0.004	0.684 ± 0.005	—	—	0.524 ± 0.001	0.430 ± 0.000	0.446 ± 0.023	0.508 ± 0.032	0.967 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	0.951 ± 0.001	0.532 ± 0.003	0.684 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.679	0.679 ± 0.003	0.685 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.375 ± 0.130	0.520 ± 0.067	0.502 ± 0.033	0.471 ± 0.060	0.966 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	0.955 ± 0.001	0.528 ± 0.005	0.679 ± 0.007	5	11673	56k	1.3m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.679	0.679 ± 0.005	0.693 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.235 ± 0.023	0.574 ± 0.006	0.473 ± 0.012	0.536 ± 0.014	0.969 ± 0.000	0.958 ± 0.006	0.965 ± 0.004	0.523 ± 0.004	0.673 ± 0.005	5	10637	3.1M	1.0m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.679	0.679 ± 0.001	0.744 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.489 ± 0.004	0.442 ± 0.007	0.623 ± 0.002	0.425 ± 0.002	0.840 ± 0.004	0.837 ± 0.003	0.977 ± 0.001	0.515 ± 0.001	0.662 ± 0.002	5	149780	—	13s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.679	0.679 ± 0.007	0.665 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.366 ± 0.076	0.536 ± 0.033	0.434 ± 0.055	0.477 ± 0.065	0.968 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.524 ± 0.007	0.673 ± 0.009	5	6758	3.1M	29s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.003	0.684 ± 0.003	—	—	0.521 ± 0.006	0.431 ± 0.000	0.421 ± 0.044	0.524 ± 0.036	0.966 ± 0.001	0.958 ± 0.002	0.953 ± 0.001	0.530 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.011	0.684 ± 0.011	—	—	0.471 ± 0.075	0.430 ± 0.091	0.453 ± 0.068	0.523 ± 0.029	0.964 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.005	0.964 ± 0.003	0.529 ± 0.010	0.680 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.033	0.686 ± 0.035	—	—	0.395 ± 0.135	0.439 ± 0.114	0.531 ± 0.108	0.513 ± 0.158	0.957 ± 0.003	0.950 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.003	0.528 ± 0.031	0.678 ± 0.040	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.008	0.686 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.420 ± 0.110	0.440 ± 0.259	0.470 ± 0.047	0.495 ± 0.052	0.963 ± 0.003	0.954 ± 0.006	0.967 ± 0.002	0.523 ± 0.022	0.673 ± 0.028	5	10637	56k	1.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.005	0.687 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.393 ± 0.021	0.509 ± 0.013	0.522 ± 0.022	0.480 ± 0.016	0.968 ± 0.000	0.944 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.001	0.531 ± 0.004	0.683 ± 0.005	5	10637	3.1M	2.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.008	0.684 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.427 ± 0.126	0.393 ± 0.257	0.513 ± 0.063	0.451 ± 0.150	0.965 ± 0.002	0.955 ± 0.006	0.966 ± 0.001	0.519 ± 0.025	0.667 ± 0.032	5	10637	56k	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.677	0.677 ± 0.004	0.687 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.307 ± 0.026	0.554 ± 0.029	0.484 ± 0.011	0.530 ± 0.012	0.955 ± 0.002	0.955 ± 0.003	0.920 ± 0.005	0.523 ± 0.003	0.672 ± 0.003	5	11928	3.1M	60s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.677	0.677 ± 0.004	0.687 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.382 ± 0.010	0.514 ± 0.003	0.510 ± 0.020	0.492 ± 0.011	0.968 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.001	0.531 ± 0.003	0.682 ± 0.004	5	10637	3.1M	54s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.677	0.677 ± 0.005	0.682 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.402 ± 0.154	0.487 ± 0.088	0.512 ± 0.048	0.443 ± 0.079	0.967 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.004	0.953 ± 0.007	0.525 ± 0.007	0.675 ± 0.010	5	11673	56k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.005	0.681 ± 0.004	—	—	0.450 ± 0.117	0.461 ± 0.094	0.480 ± 0.058	0.457 ± 0.072	0.964 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.006	0.963 ± 0.003	0.526 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.004	0.681 ± 0.004	—	—	0.525 ± 0.000	0.432 ± 0.001	0.439 ± 0.018	0.484 ± 0.033	0.968 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.003	0.953 ± 0.001	0.529 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.005	0.685 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.398 ± 0.027	0.512 ± 0.004	0.501 ± 0.023	0.475 ± 0.027	0.969 ± 0.000	0.945 ± 0.006	0.964 ± 0.002	0.529 ± 0.004	0.681 ± 0.005	5	10637	3.1M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.002	0.680 ± 0.003	—	—	0.524 ± 0.001	0.430 ± 0.001	0.457 ± 0.040	0.475 ± 0.050	0.965 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.001	0.951 ± 0.001	0.529 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.002	0.680 ± 0.002	—	—	0.524 ± 0.001	0.430 ± 0.001	0.452 ± 0.017	0.482 ± 0.025	0.964 ± 0.001	0.958 ± 0.002	0.951 ± 0.001	0.529 ± 0.002	0.680 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.675	0.675 ± 0.013	0.686 ± 0.013	—	—	0.470 ± 0.092	0.428 ± 0.099	0.473 ± 0.075	0.494 ± 0.070	0.950 ± 0.002	0.954 ± 0.005	0.969 ± 0.000	0.526 ± 0.014	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.675	0.675 ± 0.002	0.684 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.388 ± 0.030	0.516 ± 0.013	0.495 ± 0.013	0.477 ± 0.023	0.968 ± 0.001	0.945 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.001	0.528 ± 0.002	0.679 ± 0.003	5	10637	3.1M	54s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.675	0.675 ± 0.007	0.683 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.412 ± 0.113	0.447 ± 0.150	0.459 ± 0.038	0.515 ± 0.031	0.963 ± 0.003	0.957 ± 0.003	0.966 ± 0.002	0.524 ± 0.011	0.674 ± 0.015	5	10637	56k	1.6m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.005	0.685 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.159 ± 0.092	0.583 ± 0.014	0.418 ± 0.029	0.518 ± 0.007	0.970 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.002	0.970 ± 0.000	0.509 ± 0.010	0.655 ± 0.013	5	11928	3.1M	2.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.004	0.679 ± 0.004	—	—	0.414 ± 0.097	0.489 ± 0.062	0.460 ± 0.048	0.482 ± 0.050	0.963 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.001	0.526 ± 0.005	0.676 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.004	0.683 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.336 ± 0.043	0.534 ± 0.034	0.478 ± 0.022	0.530 ± 0.013	0.955 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.002	0.917 ± 0.004	0.523 ± 0.002	0.672 ± 0.003	5	11928	3.1M	1.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.006	0.681 ± 0.008	—	—	0.433 ± 0.146	0.408 ± 0.157	0.514 ± 0.032	0.506 ± 0.059	0.956 ± 0.004	0.952 ± 0.008	0.915 ± 0.022	0.520 ± 0.012	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.012	0.681 ± 0.011	—	—	0.434 ± 0.064	0.470 ± 0.069	0.472 ± 0.044	0.526 ± 0.062	0.955 ± 0.005	0.948 ± 0.007	0.915 ± 0.006	0.525 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.672	0.672 ± 0.003	0.680 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.393 ± 0.045	0.488 ± 0.045	0.524 ± 0.084	0.488 ± 0.050	0.954 ± 0.003	0.947 ± 0.009	0.919 ± 0.008	0.524 ± 0.002	0.673 ± 0.002	5	11928	52k	52s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.672	0.672 ± 0.010	0.680 ± 0.008	—	—	0.351 ± 0.157	0.512 ± 0.048	0.471 ± 0.027	0.534 ± 0.028	0.951 ± 0.005	0.946 ± 0.005	0.908 ± 0.014	0.519 ± 0.016	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.672	0.672 ± 0.011	0.658 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.415 ± 0.058	0.496 ± 0.060	0.388 ± 0.199	0.467 ± 0.119	0.962 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.005	0.969 ± 0.001	0.517 ± 0.014	0.665 ± 0.018	5	6758	52k	21s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.672	0.672 ± 0.003	0.680 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.396 ± 0.009	0.509 ± 0.006	0.513 ± 0.011	0.439 ± 0.012	0.964 ± 0.001	0.944 ± 0.004	0.966 ± 0.001	0.525 ± 0.002	0.676 ± 0.003	5	10637	3.1M	54s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.671	0.671 ± 0.002	0.680 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.391 ± 0.016	0.510 ± 0.011	0.521 ± 0.004	0.429 ± 0.008	0.965 ± 0.002	0.943 ± 0.005	0.966 ± 0.001	0.525 ± 0.002	0.675 ± 0.003	5	10637	3.1M	54s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.671	0.671 ± 0.004	0.679 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.317 ± 0.114	0.571 ± 0.049	0.473 ± 0.078	0.487 ± 0.064	0.950 ± 0.003	0.925 ± 0.005	0.910 ± 0.007	0.515 ± 0.009	0.662 ± 0.011	5	11928	510k	2.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.671	0.671 ± 0.011	0.677 ± 0.011	—	—	0.465 ± 0.114	0.413 ± 0.146	0.473 ± 0.019	0.499 ± 0.051	0.955 ± 0.006	0.946 ± 0.010	0.906 ± 0.009	0.517 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.671	0.671 ± 0.007	0.677 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.442 ± 0.110	0.343 ± 0.232	0.451 ± 0.065	0.524 ± 0.036	0.967 ± 0.001	0.954 ± 0.006	0.964 ± 0.003	0.516 ± 0.015	0.664 ± 0.020	5	11928	56k	2.1m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.670	0.670 ± 0.006	0.668 ± 0.004	—	—	0.346 ± 0.094	0.422 ± 0.074	0.551 ± 0.047	0.539 ± 0.023	0.950 ± 0.002	0.957 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.001	0.525 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.670	0.670 ± 0.006	0.676 ± 0.006	—	—	0.441 ± 0.121	0.420 ± 0.128	0.474 ± 0.079	0.504 ± 0.042	0.957 ± 0.006	0.950 ± 0.008	0.914 ± 0.010	0.518 ± 0.005	0.666 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.670	0.670 ± 0.006	0.678 ± 0.006	—	—	0.431 ± 0.052	0.414 ± 0.109	0.489 ± 0.051	0.541 ± 0.053	0.956 ± 0.007	0.951 ± 0.010	0.894 ± 0.015	0.520 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.669	0.669 ± 0.012	0.676 ± 0.011	—	—	0.441 ± 0.112	0.436 ± 0.096	0.488 ± 0.029	0.493 ± 0.030	0.957 ± 0.007	0.951 ± 0.011	0.908 ± 0.018	0.519 ± 0.012	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.669	0.669 ± 0.008	0.678 ± 0.008	—	—	0.313 ± 0.024	0.538 ± 0.034	0.447 ± 0.008	0.509 ± 0.006	0.957 ± 0.002	0.955 ± 0.003	0.928 ± 0.006	0.516 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.669	0.669 ± 0.009	0.676 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.419 ± 0.089	0.460 ± 0.079	0.490 ± 0.032	0.495 ± 0.022	0.954 ± 0.002	0.946 ± 0.006	0.919 ± 0.011	0.520 ± 0.005	0.669 ± 0.006	5	11928	52k	45s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.669	0.669 ± 0.010	0.679 ± 0.010	—	—	0.463 ± 0.064	0.456 ± 0.053	0.377 ± 0.162	0.489 ± 0.098	0.952 ± 0.004	0.957 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.001	0.518 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.668	0.668 ± 0.008	0.677 ± 0.009	—	—	0.329 ± 0.129	0.497 ± 0.023	0.427 ± 0.090	0.497 ± 0.071	0.960 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.002	0.970 ± 0.000	0.515 ± 0.015	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.668	0.668 ± 0.016	0.674 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.456 ± 0.066	0.399 ± 0.188	0.478 ± 0.052	0.503 ± 0.031	0.957 ± 0.005	0.939 ± 0.006	0.913 ± 0.009	0.516 ± 0.015	0.664 ± 0.020	5	11928	510k	2.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.668	0.668 ± 0.004	0.677 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.402 ± 0.030	0.447 ± 0.037	0.498 ± 0.010	0.520 ± 0.016	0.959 ± 0.001	0.956 ± 0.001	0.913 ± 0.003	0.522 ± 0.003	0.671 ± 0.004	5	11928	3.1M	60s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.668	0.668 ± 0.006	0.675 ± 0.007	—	—	0.354 ± 0.152	0.513 ± 0.107	0.482 ± 0.056	0.474 ± 0.070	0.953 ± 0.008	0.943 ± 0.009	0.904 ± 0.007	0.514 ± 0.008	0.661 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.668	0.668 ± 0.002	0.684 ± 0.005	—	—	0.433 ± 0.174	0.337 ± 0.311	0.457 ± 0.066	0.460 ± 0.083	0.959 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.005	0.967 ± 0.002	0.508 ± 0.015	0.654 ± 0.019	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.668	0.668 ± 0.006	0.675 ± 0.006	—	—	0.406 ± 0.103	0.449 ± 0.098	0.474 ± 0.032	0.525 ± 0.021	0.957 ± 0.004	0.947 ± 0.005	0.903 ± 0.006	0.518 ± 0.004	0.666 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.668	0.668 ± 0.009	0.676 ± 0.010	—	—	0.355 ± 0.108	0.483 ± 0.087	0.491 ± 0.042	0.477 ± 0.065	0.958 ± 0.003	0.952 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.002	0.520 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.010	0.676 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.342 ± 0.125	0.508 ± 0.130	0.507 ± 0.050	0.480 ± 0.062	0.949 ± 0.010	0.933 ± 0.015	0.910 ± 0.012	0.514 ± 0.010	0.661 ± 0.013	5	11928	510k	2.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.009	0.675 ± 0.010	—	—	0.388 ± 0.047	0.488 ± 0.053	0.466 ± 0.026	0.521 ± 0.023	0.954 ± 0.011	0.943 ± 0.011	0.908 ± 0.007	0.519 ± 0.006	0.667 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.014	0.675 ± 0.013	—	—	0.395 ± 0.022	0.475 ± 0.063	0.501 ± 0.055	0.480 ± 0.070	0.959 ± 0.004	0.951 ± 0.008	0.912 ± 0.003	0.519 ± 0.010	0.668 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.005	0.675 ± 0.005	—	—	0.355 ± 0.033	0.514 ± 0.033	0.436 ± 0.019	0.513 ± 0.007	0.957 ± 0.002	0.956 ± 0.004	0.924 ± 0.009	0.517 ± 0.002	0.665 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.007	0.676 ± 0.008	—	—	0.324 ± 0.168	0.490 ± 0.104	0.495 ± 0.052	0.498 ± 0.054	0.953 ± 0.005	0.952 ± 0.004	0.901 ± 0.018	0.512 ± 0.008	0.659 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.003	0.675 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.414 ± 0.044	0.422 ± 0.046	0.494 ± 0.011	0.517 ± 0.006	0.960 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.002	0.914 ± 0.002	0.520 ± 0.002	0.668 ± 0.003	5	11928	3.1M	1.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.008	0.908 ± 0.007	0.390 ± 0.037	0.266 ± 0.031	0.267 ± 0.070	0.256 ± 0.066	0.907 ± 0.014	0.910 ± 0.014	0.980 ± 0.005	0.972 ± 0.006	0.990 ± 0.001	0.660 ± 0.006	0.660 ± 0.006	5	68604	510k	5.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.007	0.675 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.403 ± 0.019	0.439 ± 0.058	0.484 ± 0.044	0.525 ± 0.017	0.958 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.001	0.913 ± 0.003	0.520 ± 0.006	0.669 ± 0.008	5	11928	3.1M	2.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.012	0.673 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.427 ± 0.036	0.479 ± 0.083	0.463 ± 0.072	0.493 ± 0.053	0.955 ± 0.003	0.936 ± 0.004	0.919 ± 0.005	0.519 ± 0.010	0.667 ± 0.012	5	11928	52k	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.666	0.666 ± 0.011	0.674 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.366 ± 0.087	0.507 ± 0.051	0.460 ± 0.030	0.524 ± 0.019	0.952 ± 0.005	0.936 ± 0.012	0.913 ± 0.003	0.518 ± 0.008	0.665 ± 0.011	5	11928	52k	47s
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.666	0.666 ± 0.013	0.674 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.340 ± 0.123	0.465 ± 0.134	0.503 ± 0.044	0.448 ± 0.037	0.969 ± 0.000	0.958 ± 0.005	0.967 ± 0.004	0.517 ± 0.008	0.664 ± 0.010	5	11928	52k	1.2m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.666	0.666 ± 0.012	0.680 ± 0.015	—	—	0.399 ± 0.088	0.469 ± 0.030	0.438 ± 0.153	0.446 ± 0.167	0.953 ± 0.004	0.959 ± 0.004	0.968 ± 0.003	0.515 ± 0.017	0.662 ± 0.022	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.011	0.675 ± 0.011	—	—	0.362 ± 0.121	0.466 ± 0.058	0.465 ± 0.120	0.475 ± 0.119	0.948 ± 0.005	0.949 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.002	0.515 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.008	0.672 ± 0.007	—	—	0.447 ± 0.161	0.396 ± 0.134	0.469 ± 0.042	0.510 ± 0.055	0.946 ± 0.012	0.941 ± 0.013	0.901 ± 0.008	0.512 ± 0.005	0.658 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.007	0.673 ± 0.009	—	—	0.404 ± 0.124	0.426 ± 0.140	0.475 ± 0.053	0.516 ± 0.034	0.957 ± 0.003	0.952 ± 0.002	0.901 ± 0.008	0.515 ± 0.007	0.662 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.006	0.672 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.413 ± 0.114	0.430 ± 0.142	0.486 ± 0.064	0.493 ± 0.038	0.953 ± 0.005	0.940 ± 0.005	0.919 ± 0.009	0.515 ± 0.007	0.662 ± 0.008	5	11928	52k	42s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.014	0.673 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.383 ± 0.129	0.464 ± 0.129	0.458 ± 0.096	0.516 ± 0.070	0.955 ± 0.003	0.937 ± 0.009	0.909 ± 0.014	0.513 ± 0.007	0.660 ± 0.010	5	11928	510k	2.1m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.006	0.673 ± 0.006	—	—	0.363 ± 0.159	0.422 ± 0.293	0.457 ± 0.057	0.462 ± 0.055	0.962 ± 0.003	0.955 ± 0.006	0.967 ± 0.001	0.510 ± 0.018	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.010	0.669 ± 0.010	0.374 ± 0.020	0.384 ± 0.043	0.317 ± 0.026	0.262 ± 0.107	0.920 ± 0.009	0.906 ± 0.011	0.955 ± 0.006	0.963 ± 0.004	0.950 ± 0.003	0.670 ± 0.013	0.670 ± 0.013	5	10844	510k	7.0m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.020	0.654 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	0.347 ± 0.092	0.494 ± 0.082	0.473 ± 0.205	0.385 ± 0.151	0.962 ± 0.004	0.958 ± 0.009	0.964 ± 0.009	0.509 ± 0.019	0.655 ± 0.025	5	6758	510k	1.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.010	0.673 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.323 ± 0.145	0.497 ± 0.129	0.480 ± 0.058	0.482 ± 0.047	0.956 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.004	0.914 ± 0.018	0.511 ± 0.008	0.657 ± 0.010	5	11928	56k	1.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.014	0.672 ± 0.014	—	—	0.276 ± 0.124	0.533 ± 0.066	0.478 ± 0.058	0.495 ± 0.064	0.954 ± 0.005	0.936 ± 0.012	0.901 ± 0.015	0.508 ± 0.011	0.653 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.663	0.663 ± 0.008	0.671 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.338 ± 0.113	0.510 ± 0.091	0.457 ± 0.027	0.510 ± 0.026	0.951 ± 0.003	0.940 ± 0.007	0.914 ± 0.008	0.513 ± 0.004	0.660 ± 0.005	5	11928	52k	41s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.662	0.662 ± 0.009	0.671 ± 0.010	—	—	0.285 ± 0.130	0.519 ± 0.067	0.470 ± 0.147	0.480 ± 0.143	0.952 ± 0.007	0.940 ± 0.008	0.900 ± 0.015	0.505 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.662	0.662 ± 0.009	0.651 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.453 ± 0.156	0.342 ± 0.315	0.443 ± 0.058	0.424 ± 0.063	0.965 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.003	0.505 ± 0.019	0.650 ± 0.025	5	6758	56k	46s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.662	0.662 ± 0.004	0.671 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.405 ± 0.035	0.420 ± 0.031	0.476 ± 0.017	0.523 ± 0.012	0.958 ± 0.002	0.956 ± 0.002	0.913 ± 0.003	0.517 ± 0.004	0.664 ± 0.005	5	11928	3.1M	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.662	0.662 ± 0.005	0.669 ± 0.005	—	—	0.443 ± 0.033	0.414 ± 0.021	0.443 ± 0.012	0.513 ± 0.022	0.959 ± 0.002	0.957 ± 0.002	0.908 ± 0.006	0.515 ± 0.004	0.663 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.662	0.662 ± 0.010	0.669 ± 0.009	—	—	0.437 ± 0.142	0.366 ± 0.155	0.493 ± 0.045	0.495 ± 0.038	0.955 ± 0.005	0.944 ± 0.006	0.893 ± 0.005	0.509 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.662	0.662 ± 0.002	0.674 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.082	0.476 ± 0.036	0.442 ± 0.084	0.490 ± 0.052	0.960 ± 0.001	0.957 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.001	0.513 ± 0.008	0.659 ± 0.011	5	7154	3.1M	29s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.661	0.661 ± 0.017	0.677 ± 0.018	—	—	0.325 ± 0.148	0.488 ± 0.058	0.501 ± 0.167	0.367 ± 0.166	0.953 ± 0.003	0.957 ± 0.006	0.961 ± 0.009	0.506 ± 0.018	0.650 ± 0.023	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.661	0.661 ± 0.002	0.670 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.393 ± 0.008	0.469 ± 0.013	0.522 ± 0.009	0.517 ± 0.014	0.922 ± 0.003	0.880 ± 0.004	0.927 ± 0.003	0.514 ± 0.001	0.661 ± 0.002	5	11928	—	13s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.661	0.661 ± 0.017	0.669 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.293 ± 0.117	0.546 ± 0.054	0.443 ± 0.185	0.488 ± 0.107	0.946 ± 0.006	0.922 ± 0.010	0.900 ± 0.019	0.504 ± 0.005	0.648 ± 0.006	5	11928	510k	2.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.661	0.661 ± 0.003	0.669 ± 0.003	—	—	0.439 ± 0.045	0.395 ± 0.059	0.456 ± 0.019	0.511 ± 0.006	0.961 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.002	0.900 ± 0.005	0.514 ± 0.004	0.661 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.661	0.661 ± 0.004	0.668 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.451 ± 0.016	0.420 ± 0.009	0.526 ± 0.010	0.504 ± 0.006	0.902 ± 0.004	0.894 ± 0.005	0.898 ± 0.003	0.511 ± 0.003	0.657 ± 0.004	5	11673	—	13s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.009	0.668 ± 0.008	—	—	0.378 ± 0.185	0.416 ± 0.136	0.462 ± 0.077	0.522 ± 0.058	0.955 ± 0.005	0.943 ± 0.014	0.903 ± 0.013	0.509 ± 0.015	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.003	0.668 ± 0.003	—	—	0.428 ± 0.049	0.421 ± 0.055	0.436 ± 0.029	0.513 ± 0.018	0.960 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.003	0.902 ± 0.004	0.513 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.659	0.659 ± 0.019	0.901 ± 0.012	0.372 ± 0.078	0.272 ± 0.115	0.216 ± 0.102	0.266 ± 0.074	0.896 ± 0.017	0.898 ± 0.023	0.974 ± 0.014	0.967 ± 0.012	0.988 ± 0.005	0.650 ± 0.016	0.650 ± 0.016	5	68604	510k	4.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.659	0.659 ± 0.004	0.667 ± 0.004	—	—	0.422 ± 0.029	0.422 ± 0.059	0.448 ± 0.009	0.503 ± 0.019	0.959 ± 0.003	0.956 ± 0.003	0.910 ± 0.003	0.513 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.659	0.659 ± 0.004	0.665 ± 0.004	—	—	0.456 ± 0.011	0.509 ± 0.007	0.482 ± 0.009	0.466 ± 0.005	0.905 ± 0.002	0.877 ± 0.005	0.921 ± 0.002	0.513 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.010	0.666 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.413 ± 0.120	0.373 ± 0.185	0.473 ± 0.053	0.511 ± 0.034	0.949 ± 0.010	0.938 ± 0.010	0.912 ± 0.010	0.508 ± 0.009	0.653 ± 0.011	5	11928	510k	2.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.007	0.664 ± 0.006	—	—	0.400 ± 0.173	0.388 ± 0.251	0.472 ± 0.077	0.398 ± 0.124	0.960 ± 0.002	0.952 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.002	0.504 ± 0.017	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.011	0.663 ± 0.011	0.400 ± 0.024	0.353 ± 0.055	0.330 ± 0.041	0.260 ± 0.051	0.895 ± 0.011	0.891 ± 0.007	0.951 ± 0.003	0.944 ± 0.012	0.947 ± 0.003	0.663 ± 0.012	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.012	0.654 ± 0.012	—	—	0.373 ± 0.136	0.396 ± 0.100	0.527 ± 0.070	0.481 ± 0.041	0.946 ± 0.003	0.953 ± 0.007	0.955 ± 0.003	0.514 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.005	0.896 ± 0.009	0.357 ± 0.076	0.298 ± 0.060	0.216 ± 0.078	0.300 ± 0.061	0.884 ± 0.022	0.882 ± 0.030	0.976 ± 0.007	0.968 ± 0.008	0.990 ± 0.005	0.652 ± 0.004	0.652 ± 0.004	5	68604	510k	4.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.009	0.665 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.413 ± 0.134	0.370 ± 0.189	0.481 ± 0.042	0.476 ± 0.051	0.957 ± 0.005	0.946 ± 0.007	0.927 ± 0.025	0.508 ± 0.014	0.653 ± 0.018	5	11928	56k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.657	0.657 ± 0.018	0.903 ± 0.010	0.360 ± 0.033	0.304 ± 0.049	0.236 ± 0.054	0.211 ± 0.117	0.902 ± 0.017	0.909 ± 0.025	0.974 ± 0.015	0.963 ± 0.020	0.991 ± 0.001	0.650 ± 0.016	0.650 ± 0.016	5	68604	510k	4.3m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.656	0.656 ± 0.005	0.669 ± 0.006	—	—	0.167 ± 0.022	0.554 ± 0.003	0.423 ± 0.020	0.494 ± 0.023	0.968 ± 0.001	0.954 ± 0.009	0.962 ± 0.002	0.502 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.656	0.656 ± 0.003	0.664 ± 0.004	—	—	0.371 ± 0.154	0.426 ± 0.230	0.429 ± 0.038	0.459 ± 0.057	0.957 ± 0.003	0.952 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.002	0.506 ± 0.014	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.656	0.656 ± 0.006	0.664 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.381 ± 0.071	0.447 ± 0.104	0.453 ± 0.045	0.493 ± 0.012	0.957 ± 0.003	0.946 ± 0.006	0.914 ± 0.008	0.510 ± 0.005	0.656 ± 0.006	5	11928	56k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.656	0.656 ± 0.005	0.663 ± 0.007	—	—	0.378 ± 0.138	0.443 ± 0.150	0.439 ± 0.039	0.456 ± 0.033	0.955 ± 0.003	0.951 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.001	0.510 ± 0.009	0.655 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.655	0.655 ± 0.019	0.899 ± 0.012	0.361 ± 0.044	0.330 ± 0.066	0.192 ± 0.042	0.263 ± 0.068	0.886 ± 0.023	0.886 ± 0.033	0.980 ± 0.005	0.970 ± 0.007	0.989 ± 0.001	0.651 ± 0.019	0.651 ± 0.019	5	68604	510k	4.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.655	0.655 ± 0.015	0.663 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.421 ± 0.043	0.407 ± 0.107	0.442 ± 0.081	0.501 ± 0.031	0.960 ± 0.007	0.944 ± 0.004	0.901 ± 0.007	0.508 ± 0.015	0.654 ± 0.020	5	11928	56k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.654	0.654 ± 0.007	0.662 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.409 ± 0.134	0.347 ± 0.201	0.498 ± 0.065	0.473 ± 0.025	0.955 ± 0.004	0.939 ± 0.006	0.906 ± 0.005	0.503 ± 0.013	0.647 ± 0.017	5	11928	56k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.004	0.662 ± 0.005	—	—	0.308 ± 0.075	0.508 ± 0.033	0.472 ± 0.033	0.407 ± 0.070	0.958 ± 0.003	0.953 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.002	0.508 ± 0.006	0.653 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.011	0.661 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.370 ± 0.115	0.424 ± 0.161	0.452 ± 0.044	0.496 ± 0.031	0.958 ± 0.009	0.946 ± 0.004	0.904 ± 0.011	0.506 ± 0.010	0.650 ± 0.013	5	11928	56k	1.1m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.006	0.649 ± 0.005	—	—	0.370 ± 0.073	0.391 ± 0.143	0.502 ± 0.041	0.481 ± 0.033	0.942 ± 0.005	0.950 ± 0.007	0.960 ± 0.001	0.511 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.651	0.651 ± 0.010	0.663 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.415 ± 0.057	0.435 ± 0.028	0.368 ± 0.153	0.482 ± 0.087	0.951 ± 0.005	0.950 ± 0.009	0.955 ± 0.005	0.506 ± 0.005	0.651 ± 0.007	5	7154	56k	46s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.651	0.651 ± 0.003	0.660 ± 0.003	—	—	0.341 ± 0.017	0.490 ± 0.009	0.456 ± 0.010	0.427 ± 0.026	0.966 ± 0.001	0.948 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.002	0.510 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.651	0.651 ± 0.002	0.659 ± 0.002	—	—	0.332 ± 0.022	0.493 ± 0.019	0.456 ± 0.017	0.428 ± 0.015	0.967 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.002	0.509 ± 0.002	0.655 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.650	0.650 ± 0.003	0.658 ± 0.003	—	—	0.349 ± 0.021	0.482 ± 0.014	0.477 ± 0.011	0.405 ± 0.027	0.961 ± 0.001	0.943 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.001	0.509 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.650	0.650 ± 0.001	0.658 ± 0.001	—	—	0.339 ± 0.009	0.484 ± 0.002	0.479 ± 0.010	0.406 ± 0.007	0.960 ± 0.003	0.945 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.003	0.508 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.649	0.649 ± 0.004	0.657 ± 0.004	—	—	0.336 ± 0.013	0.489 ± 0.015	0.481 ± 0.005	0.391 ± 0.010	0.961 ± 0.003	0.946 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	0.507 ± 0.002	0.652 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.648	0.648 ± 0.016	0.661 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.326 ± 0.127	0.467 ± 0.032	0.430 ± 0.095	0.436 ± 0.115	0.947 ± 0.020	0.947 ± 0.017	0.960 ± 0.007	0.501 ± 0.015	0.645 ± 0.019	5	7154	510k	1.1m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.648	0.648 ± 0.007	0.649 ± 0.009	—	—	0.407 ± 0.091	0.376 ± 0.081	0.523 ± 0.059	0.421 ± 0.051	0.950 ± 0.005	0.945 ± 0.009	0.945 ± 0.009	0.507 ± 0.009	0.652 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.648	0.648 ± 0.005	0.893 ± 0.011	0.334 ± 0.120	0.266 ± 0.143	0.182 ± 0.044	0.282 ± 0.055	0.876 ± 0.023	0.876 ± 0.028	0.976 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.010	0.991 ± 0.003	0.639 ± 0.005	0.639 ± 0.005	5	68604	510k	5.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.648	0.648 ± 0.002	0.656 ± 0.002	—	—	0.337 ± 0.009	0.490 ± 0.005	0.456 ± 0.008	0.418 ± 0.014	0.963 ± 0.002	0.945 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.002	0.508 ± 0.002	0.653 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.647	0.647 ± 0.004	0.652 ± 0.006	—	—	0.523 ± 0.035	0.220 ± 0.065	0.512 ± 0.041	0.422 ± 0.028	0.949 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.002	0.946 ± 0.001	0.502 ± 0.006	0.645 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.647	0.647 ± 0.008	0.651 ± 0.008	0.368 ± 0.029	0.348 ± 0.037	0.319 ± 0.020	0.232 ± 0.054	0.884 ± 0.013	0.880 ± 0.022	0.951 ± 0.006	0.938 ± 0.012	0.937 ± 0.007	0.651 ± 0.009	0.651 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.646	0.646 ± 0.013	0.651 ± 0.012	0.359 ± 0.013	0.343 ± 0.055	0.286 ± 0.063	0.256 ± 0.074	0.892 ± 0.016	0.886 ± 0.013	0.950 ± 0.006	0.945 ± 0.008	0.947 ± 0.005	0.652 ± 0.013	0.652 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.646	0.646 ± 0.011	0.632 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.415 ± 0.076	0.355 ± 0.098	0.458 ± 0.051	0.481 ± 0.044	0.944 ± 0.013	0.936 ± 0.009	0.963 ± 0.003	0.506 ± 0.010	0.650 ± 0.013	5	6853	52k	19s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.645	0.645 ± 0.002	0.738 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.199 ± 0.154	0.434 ± 0.060	0.467 ± 0.115	0.447 ± 0.155	0.900 ± 0.015	0.902 ± 0.006	0.952 ± 0.006	0.478 ± 0.012	0.614 ± 0.016	5	149780	52k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.644	0.644 ± 0.009	0.657 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.410 ± 0.116	0.432 ± 0.063	0.385 ± 0.093	0.415 ± 0.101	0.950 ± 0.006	0.956 ± 0.006	0.965 ± 0.002	0.501 ± 0.007	0.645 ± 0.009	5	7154	52k	19s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.644	0.644 ± 0.005	0.630 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.392 ± 0.149	0.373 ± 0.106	0.450 ± 0.026	0.465 ± 0.064	0.947 ± 0.007	0.935 ± 0.008	0.961 ± 0.002	0.503 ± 0.005	0.646 ± 0.006	5	6853	56k	36s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.644	0.644 ± 0.014	0.648 ± 0.014	0.356 ± 0.020	0.346 ± 0.035	0.298 ± 0.042	0.248 ± 0.036	0.886 ± 0.013	0.876 ± 0.021	0.953 ± 0.002	0.941 ± 0.008	0.946 ± 0.005	0.650 ± 0.014	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.642	0.642 ± 0.013	0.638 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.388 ± 0.138	0.383 ± 0.067	0.480 ± 0.058	0.413 ± 0.081	0.947 ± 0.006	0.953 ± 0.007	0.956 ± 0.002	0.502 ± 0.013	0.646 ± 0.017	5	6630	56k	56s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.641	0.641 ± 0.003	0.733 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.249 ± 0.083	0.368 ± 0.148	0.454 ± 0.050	0.481 ± 0.051	0.888 ± 0.017	0.907 ± 0.015	0.949 ± 0.015	0.477 ± 0.009	0.614 ± 0.012	5	149780	52k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.640	0.640 ± 0.010	0.645 ± 0.010	0.357 ± 0.038	0.323 ± 0.038	0.293 ± 0.026	0.268 ± 0.016	0.885 ± 0.009	0.879 ± 0.018	0.951 ± 0.004	0.940 ± 0.009	0.941 ± 0.008	0.649 ± 0.009	0.649 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.640	0.640 ± 0.005	0.648 ± 0.005	—	—	0.461 ± 0.009	0.361 ± 0.014	0.457 ± 0.014	0.510 ± 0.010	0.912 ± 0.006	0.868 ± 0.009	0.884 ± 0.004	0.495 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.640	0.640 ± 0.006	0.636 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.322 ± 0.081	0.410 ± 0.059	0.485 ± 0.043	0.433 ± 0.046	0.948 ± 0.003	0.959 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.001	0.502 ± 0.004	0.645 ± 0.006	5	6630	3.1M	43s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.640	0.640 ± 0.003	0.630 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.485 ± 0.018	0.187 ± 0.061	0.444 ± 0.025	0.489 ± 0.053	0.944 ± 0.005	0.933 ± 0.006	0.964 ± 0.001	0.494 ± 0.006	0.635 ± 0.008	5	6853	3.1M	20s
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.639	0.639 ± 0.002	0.648 ± 0.002	—	—	0.386 ± 0.005	0.394 ± 0.011	0.502 ± 0.002	0.515 ± 0.004	0.881 ± 0.003	0.878 ± 0.002	0.876 ± 0.003	0.492 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.638	0.638 ± 0.015	0.624 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.333 ± 0.108	0.385 ± 0.120	0.446 ± 0.051	0.478 ± 0.095	0.943 ± 0.012	0.927 ± 0.020	0.963 ± 0.002	0.497 ± 0.010	0.639 ± 0.013	5	6853	510k	1.0m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.637	0.637 ± 0.006	0.728 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.093 ± 0.098	0.477 ± 0.015	0.513 ± 0.133	0.374 ± 0.144	0.889 ± 0.024	0.881 ± 0.027	0.936 ± 0.027	0.462 ± 0.010	0.595 ± 0.012	5	149780	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.637	0.637 ± 0.006	0.726 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.229 ± 0.064	0.417 ± 0.034	0.467 ± 0.109	0.434 ± 0.154	0.900 ± 0.017	0.880 ± 0.022	0.931 ± 0.024	0.473 ± 0.008	0.608 ± 0.011	5	149780	510k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.636	0.636 ± 0.008	0.634 ± 0.007	—	—	0.349 ± 0.105	0.403 ± 0.102	0.486 ± 0.043	0.396 ± 0.053	0.943 ± 0.008	0.938 ± 0.012	0.935 ± 0.014	0.495 ± 0.002	0.636 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.636	0.636 ± 0.005	0.637 ± 0.009	—	—	0.376 ± 0.141	0.390 ± 0.080	0.520 ± 0.053	0.366 ± 0.038	0.949 ± 0.010	0.943 ± 0.010	0.933 ± 0.006	0.497 ± 0.012	0.639 ± 0.016	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.633	0.633 ± 0.006	0.721 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.162 ± 0.179	0.274 ± 0.247	0.485 ± 0.051	0.441 ± 0.067	0.912 ± 0.006	0.888 ± 0.012	0.937 ± 0.022	0.455 ± 0.009	0.586 ± 0.011	5	149780	56k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.632	0.632 ± 0.014	0.637 ± 0.014	0.335 ± 0.063	0.305 ± 0.083	0.269 ± 0.005	0.279 ± 0.045	0.866 ± 0.019	0.865 ± 0.015	0.949 ± 0.002	0.933 ± 0.007	0.941 ± 0.014	0.638 ± 0.016	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.631	0.631 ± 0.009	0.706 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.234 ± 0.014	0.321 ± 0.029	0.623 ± 0.003	0.404 ± 0.014	0.729 ± 0.012	0.807 ± 0.006	0.981 ± 0.001	0.455 ± 0.006	0.585 ± 0.007	5	37620	—	11s
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.631	0.631 ± 0.003	0.642 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.342 ± 0.014	0.401 ± 0.024	0.517 ± 0.004	0.479 ± 0.006	0.882 ± 0.003	0.882 ± 0.003	0.864 ± 0.008	0.485 ± 0.002	0.624 ± 0.003	5	10637	—	11s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.630	0.630 ± 0.006	0.626 ± 0.005	—	—	0.317 ± 0.088	0.368 ± 0.080	0.455 ± 0.097	0.455 ± 0.074	0.940 ± 0.024	0.948 ± 0.017	0.960 ± 0.002	0.494 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.630	0.630 ± 0.009	0.635 ± 0.009	0.351 ± 0.015	0.264 ± 0.040	0.285 ± 0.033	0.227 ± 0.056	0.873 ± 0.017	0.874 ± 0.014	0.951 ± 0.003	0.935 ± 0.006	0.951 ± 0.006	0.635 ± 0.010	0.635 ± 0.010	5	10844	510k	5.1m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.628	0.628 ± 0.003	0.715 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.131 ± 0.043	0.406 ± 0.070	0.394 ± 0.166	0.487 ± 0.117	0.911 ± 0.011	0.894 ± 0.010	0.937 ± 0.008	0.462 ± 0.012	0.594 ± 0.015	5	149780	56k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.628	0.628 ± 0.012	0.632 ± 0.012	0.331 ± 0.030	0.288 ± 0.052	0.296 ± 0.060	0.198 ± 0.085	0.871 ± 0.021	0.871 ± 0.020	0.944 ± 0.008	0.937 ± 0.010	0.948 ± 0.007	0.632 ± 0.014	0.632 ± 0.014	5	10844	510k	4.4m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.628	0.628 ± 0.005	0.707 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.247 ± 0.169	0.220 ± 0.080	0.528 ± 0.053	0.355 ± 0.099	0.893 ± 0.023	0.876 ± 0.020	0.940 ± 0.011	0.451 ± 0.003	0.580 ± 0.004	5	149780	56k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.628	0.628 ± 0.010	0.624 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.362 ± 0.086	0.373 ± 0.056	0.428 ± 0.085	0.425 ± 0.112	0.932 ± 0.029	0.943 ± 0.020	0.957 ± 0.001	0.491 ± 0.006	0.631 ± 0.008	5	6630	510k	2.3m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.627	0.627 ± 0.011	0.624 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.322 ± 0.150	0.348 ± 0.080	0.463 ± 0.032	0.443 ± 0.067	0.942 ± 0.005	0.953 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.003	0.492 ± 0.008	0.633 ± 0.010	5	6630	52k	24s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.626	0.626 ± 0.007	0.630 ± 0.007	0.308 ± 0.037	0.308 ± 0.038	0.299 ± 0.036	0.262 ± 0.023	0.855 ± 0.015	0.849 ± 0.014	0.939 ± 0.005	0.932 ± 0.009	0.948 ± 0.008	0.633 ± 0.007	0.633 ± 0.007	5	10844	510k	4.6m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.624	0.624 ± 0.007	0.702 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.123 ± 0.130	0.288 ± 0.126	0.457 ± 0.090	0.437 ± 0.084	0.896 ± 0.018	0.871 ± 0.016	0.943 ± 0.008	0.446 ± 0.009	0.574 ± 0.011	5	149780	56k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.624	0.624 ± 0.015	0.629 ± 0.015	0.326 ± 0.034	0.309 ± 0.042	0.294 ± 0.056	0.184 ± 0.080	0.863 ± 0.018	0.864 ± 0.028	0.937 ± 0.014	0.929 ± 0.014	0.934 ± 0.014	0.626 ± 0.019	0.626 ± 0.019	5	10844	510k	4.3m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.623	0.623 ± 0.008	0.711 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.220 ± 0.102	0.200 ± 0.073	0.524 ± 0.023	0.327 ± 0.081	0.911 ± 0.005	0.864 ± 0.036	0.943 ± 0.005	0.443 ± 0.013	0.570 ± 0.016	5	149780	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.622	0.622 ± 0.002	0.688 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.018 ± 0.018	0.352 ± 0.107	0.491 ± 0.060	0.433 ± 0.092	0.912 ± 0.003	0.902 ± 0.005	0.920 ± 0.004	0.448 ± 0.015	0.575 ± 0.019	5	149780	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.621	0.621 ± 0.015	0.625 ± 0.015	0.323 ± 0.030	0.304 ± 0.032	0.270 ± 0.007	0.201 ± 0.077	0.859 ± 0.035	0.857 ± 0.027	0.946 ± 0.004	0.933 ± 0.012	0.944 ± 0.008	0.626 ± 0.015	0.626 ± 0.015	5	10844	510k	4.7m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.621	0.621 ± 0.001	0.688 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.063 ± 0.027	0.253 ± 0.027	0.446 ± 0.070	0.484 ± 0.057	0.915 ± 0.002	0.904 ± 0.005	0.919 ± 0.002	0.443 ± 0.007	0.569 ± 0.009	5	149780	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.620	0.620 ± 0.015	0.625 ± 0.015	0.307 ± 0.042	0.272 ± 0.090	0.261 ± 0.054	0.276 ± 0.072	0.855 ± 0.020	0.851 ± 0.019	0.937 ± 0.008	0.930 ± 0.011	0.940 ± 0.016	0.625 ± 0.015	0.625 ± 0.015	5	10844	510k	5.7m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.620	0.620 ± 0.008	0.707 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.237 ± 0.055	0.187 ± 0.095	0.477 ± 0.040	0.394 ± 0.091	0.900 ± 0.008	0.847 ± 0.027	0.949 ± 0.007	0.444 ± 0.015	0.570 ± 0.019	5	149780	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.618	0.618 ± 0.010	0.701 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.222 ± 0.042	0.226 ± 0.059	0.451 ± 0.101	0.408 ± 0.114	0.898 ± 0.009	0.843 ± 0.033	0.925 ± 0.014	0.441 ± 0.015	0.568 ± 0.020	5	149780	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.611	0.611 ± 0.015	0.696 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	0.135 ± 0.178	0.240 ± 0.156	0.480 ± 0.054	0.365 ± 0.118	0.890 ± 0.029	0.849 ± 0.033	0.918 ± 0.023	0.431 ± 0.023	0.554 ± 0.030	5	149780	510k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.603	0.603 ± 0.010	0.609 ± 0.010	0.342 ± 0.026	0.296 ± 0.031	0.247 ± 0.008	0.284 ± 0.017	0.764 ± 0.020	0.747 ± 0.012	0.948 ± 0.005	0.926 ± 0.006	0.951 ± 0.003	0.611 ± 0.010	0.611 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.602	0.602 ± 0.014	0.827 ± 0.014	0.381 ± 0.013	0.263 ± 0.024	0.190 ± 0.006	0.218 ± 0.034	0.737 ± 0.023	0.647 ± 0.051	0.980 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.004	0.993 ± 0.001	0.597 ± 0.015	0.597 ± 0.015	5	68604	52k	1.6m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.602	0.602 ± 0.006	0.671 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.051 ± 0.042	0.211 ± 0.042	0.542 ± 0.034	0.239 ± 0.083	0.904 ± 0.004	0.863 ± 0.009	0.901 ± 0.009	0.412 ± 0.009	0.530 ± 0.011	5	37620	56k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.600	0.600 ± 0.017	0.606 ± 0.017	0.334 ± 0.021	0.272 ± 0.021	0.246 ± 0.026	0.274 ± 0.031	0.769 ± 0.039	0.750 ± 0.044	0.953 ± 0.006	0.928 ± 0.002	0.952 ± 0.003	0.609 ± 0.017	0.609 ± 0.017	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.598	0.598 ± 0.012	0.824 ± 0.016	0.389 ± 0.009	0.247 ± 0.023	0.191 ± 0.023	0.185 ± 0.020	0.727 ± 0.037	0.654 ± 0.056	0.977 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.005	0.992 ± 0.002	0.592 ± 0.013	0.592 ± 0.013	5	68604	52k	1.6m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.598	0.598 ± 0.011	0.668 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.093 ± 0.092	0.144 ± 0.050	0.543 ± 0.040	0.232 ± 0.090	0.902 ± 0.010	0.852 ± 0.021	0.896 ± 0.017	0.407 ± 0.003	0.523 ± 0.004	5	37620	56k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.597	0.597 ± 0.016	0.603 ± 0.016	0.345 ± 0.027	0.269 ± 0.023	0.239 ± 0.025	0.267 ± 0.043	0.758 ± 0.042	0.733 ± 0.056	0.951 ± 0.005	0.927 ± 0.004	0.951 ± 0.003	0.605 ± 0.016	0.605 ± 0.016	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.595	0.595 ± 0.016	0.820 ± 0.022	0.386 ± 0.026	0.244 ± 0.031	0.183 ± 0.017	0.189 ± 0.065	0.720 ± 0.045	0.627 ± 0.066	0.978 ± 0.007	0.965 ± 0.004	0.994 ± 0.001	0.587 ± 0.015	0.587 ± 0.015	5	68604	52k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.594	0.594 ± 0.016	0.600 ± 0.016	0.326 ± 0.017	0.294 ± 0.011	0.246 ± 0.035	0.262 ± 0.027	0.750 ± 0.055	0.723 ± 0.061	0.951 ± 0.006	0.922 ± 0.009	0.951 ± 0.002	0.603 ± 0.017	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.594	0.594 ± 0.009	0.686 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.075 ± 0.074	0.214 ± 0.065	0.482 ± 0.063	0.363 ± 0.082	0.907 ± 0.008	0.870 ± 0.008	0.891 ± 0.009	0.422 ± 0.007	0.543 ± 0.009	5	16980	56k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.592	0.592 ± 0.011	0.598 ± 0.011	0.315 ± 0.017	0.289 ± 0.014	0.251 ± 0.016	0.269 ± 0.027	0.747 ± 0.041	0.717 ± 0.047	0.948 ± 0.004	0.926 ± 0.006	0.950 ± 0.003	0.601 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.591	0.591 ± 0.015	0.817 ± 0.022	0.373 ± 0.009	0.259 ± 0.019	0.178 ± 0.035	0.175 ± 0.014	0.718 ± 0.041	0.616 ± 0.078	0.980 ± 0.006	0.964 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.001	0.584 ± 0.015	0.584 ± 0.015	5	68604	52k	2.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.591	0.591 ± 0.011	0.596 ± 0.011	0.316 ± 0.016	0.285 ± 0.019	0.269 ± 0.006	0.274 ± 0.029	0.721 ± 0.037	0.721 ± 0.037	0.938 ± 0.006	0.913 ± 0.005	0.951 ± 0.002	0.599 ± 0.012	0.599 ± 0.012	5	10844	52k	1.6m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.590	0.590 ± 0.010	0.684 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.146 ± 0.121	0.133 ± 0.068	0.506 ± 0.065	0.318 ± 0.110	0.900 ± 0.016	0.858 ± 0.021	0.887 ± 0.012	0.416 ± 0.005	0.535 ± 0.007	5	16980	56k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.590	0.590 ± 0.011	0.813 ± 0.015	0.376 ± 0.018	0.256 ± 0.025	0.184 ± 0.006	0.181 ± 0.044	0.712 ± 0.033	0.599 ± 0.054	0.977 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.001	0.582 ± 0.012	0.582 ± 0.012	5	68604	52k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.589	0.589 ± 0.015	0.595 ± 0.016	0.322 ± 0.037	0.289 ± 0.009	0.239 ± 0.021	0.268 ± 0.030	0.734 ± 0.041	0.699 ± 0.046	0.949 ± 0.005	0.928 ± 0.012	0.951 ± 0.003	0.598 ± 0.015	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.589	0.589 ± 0.028	0.804 ± 0.029	0.296 ± 0.075	0.225 ± 0.015	0.078 ± 0.032	0.309 ± 0.032	0.677 ± 0.046	0.569 ± 0.104	0.992 ± 0.005	0.974 ± 0.009	0.988 ± 0.007	0.568 ± 0.030	0.568 ± 0.030	5	68604	52k	2.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.588	0.588 ± 0.014	0.810 ± 0.021	0.376 ± 0.005	0.251 ± 0.022	0.193 ± 0.013	0.179 ± 0.020	0.701 ± 0.044	0.593 ± 0.076	0.980 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.004	0.993 ± 0.001	0.581 ± 0.015	0.581 ± 0.015	5	68604	52k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.587	0.587 ± 0.009	0.592 ± 0.009	0.303 ± 0.005	0.282 ± 0.016	0.265 ± 0.011	0.271 ± 0.030	0.719 ± 0.036	0.718 ± 0.034	0.939 ± 0.003	0.911 ± 0.008	0.953 ± 0.004	0.596 ± 0.009	0.596 ± 0.009	5	10844	52k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.586	0.586 ± 0.015	0.591 ± 0.015	0.311 ± 0.027	0.268 ± 0.017	0.254 ± 0.018	0.282 ± 0.012	0.715 ± 0.049	0.707 ± 0.052	0.941 ± 0.007	0.914 ± 0.005	0.949 ± 0.003	0.593 ± 0.014	0.593 ± 0.014	5	10844	52k	1.6m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.581	0.581 ± 0.010	0.669 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.263 ± 0.058	0.033 ± 0.020	0.482 ± 0.014	0.417 ± 0.024	0.869 ± 0.010	0.817 ± 0.011	0.909 ± 0.003	0.421 ± 0.007	0.541 ± 0.008	5	37620	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.580	0.580 ± 0.010	0.585 ± 0.010	0.295 ± 0.017	0.274 ± 0.016	0.250 ± 0.024	0.265 ± 0.024	0.713 ± 0.035	0.698 ± 0.035	0.935 ± 0.004	0.914 ± 0.004	0.950 ± 0.003	0.588 ± 0.010	0.588 ± 0.010	5	10844	52k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.580	0.580 ± 0.012	0.585 ± 0.012	0.300 ± 0.007	0.268 ± 0.023	0.266 ± 0.032	0.256 ± 0.030	0.707 ± 0.046	0.696 ± 0.057	0.934 ± 0.007	0.910 ± 0.009	0.949 ± 0.002	0.587 ± 0.012	0.587 ± 0.012	5	10844	52k	2.5m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.578	0.578 ± 0.004	0.631 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.064 ± 0.063	0.103 ± 0.021	0.522 ± 0.031	0.228 ± 0.077	0.885 ± 0.006	0.843 ± 0.008	0.887 ± 0.004	0.392 ± 0.010	0.504 ± 0.012	5	37620	3.1M	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.577	0.577 ± 0.021	0.584 ± 0.021	0.284 ± 0.050	0.273 ± 0.017	0.159 ± 0.033	0.290 ± 0.017	0.719 ± 0.060	0.708 ± 0.076	0.951 ± 0.002	0.929 ± 0.007	0.940 ± 0.005	0.584 ± 0.020	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.576	0.576 ± 0.022	0.582 ± 0.022	0.272 ± 0.033	0.262 ± 0.018	0.162 ± 0.034	0.327 ± 0.016	0.688 ± 0.076	0.672 ± 0.094	0.947 ± 0.007	0.947 ± 0.006	0.936 ± 0.008	0.579 ± 0.025	0.579 ± 0.025	5	10844	52k	2.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.576	0.576 ± 0.012	0.581 ± 0.012	0.298 ± 0.014	0.275 ± 0.017	0.264 ± 0.026	0.243 ± 0.025	0.687 ± 0.043	0.679 ± 0.045	0.940 ± 0.004	0.916 ± 0.012	0.952 ± 0.002	0.584 ± 0.011	0.584 ± 0.011	5	10844	52k	1.6m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.573	0.573 ± 0.003	0.652 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.087 ± 0.068	0.109 ± 0.024	0.470 ± 0.046	0.341 ± 0.064	0.901 ± 0.007	0.856 ± 0.006	0.866 ± 0.004	0.403 ± 0.007	0.518 ± 0.009	5	16980	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.573	0.573 ± 0.003	0.677 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.055 ± 0.057	0.189 ± 0.050	0.428 ± 0.119	0.395 ± 0.137	0.916 ± 0.013	0.828 ± 0.006	0.874 ± 0.007	0.410 ± 0.005	0.527 ± 0.006	5	16980	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.571	0.571 ± 0.005	0.675 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.092 ± 0.074	0.107 ± 0.128	0.430 ± 0.074	0.390 ± 0.083	0.909 ± 0.006	0.849 ± 0.024	0.864 ± 0.030	0.405 ± 0.007	0.520 ± 0.008	5	16980	56k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.571	0.571 ± 0.005	0.621 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.139 ± 0.024	0.055 ± 0.017	0.469 ± 0.044	0.300 ± 0.071	0.876 ± 0.005	0.822 ± 0.024	0.882 ± 0.003	0.394 ± 0.006	0.506 ± 0.007	5	37620	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.570	0.570 ± 0.005	0.648 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.179 ± 0.022	0.059 ± 0.016	0.421 ± 0.069	0.384 ± 0.087	0.885 ± 0.004	0.848 ± 0.020	0.868 ± 0.003	0.405 ± 0.005	0.520 ± 0.006	5	16980	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.567	0.567 ± 0.005	0.670 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.092 ± 0.040	0.137 ± 0.107	0.429 ± 0.075	0.398 ± 0.088	0.907 ± 0.020	0.819 ± 0.023	0.870 ± 0.024	0.406 ± 0.011	0.522 ± 0.014	5	16980	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.567	0.567 ± 0.006	0.670 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.102 ± 0.035	0.145 ± 0.052	0.340 ± 0.168	0.428 ± 0.165	0.900 ± 0.009	0.852 ± 0.027	0.862 ± 0.018	0.403 ± 0.006	0.519 ± 0.008	5	16980	56k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.566	0.566 ± 0.010	0.668 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.012 ± 0.020	0.215 ± 0.058	0.461 ± 0.103	0.331 ± 0.098	0.899 ± 0.024	0.809 ± 0.041	0.868 ± 0.027	0.399 ± 0.007	0.513 ± 0.009	5	16980	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.565	0.565 ± 0.006	0.649 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.093 ± 0.072	0.083 ± 0.099	0.451 ± 0.057	0.361 ± 0.066	0.886 ± 0.009	0.802 ± 0.029	0.863 ± 0.041	0.393 ± 0.008	0.505 ± 0.011	5	37620	56k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.564	0.564 ± 0.005	0.649 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.061 ± 0.068	0.153 ± 0.064	0.409 ± 0.126	0.407 ± 0.141	0.873 ± 0.023	0.772 ± 0.017	0.873 ± 0.012	0.394 ± 0.008	0.507 ± 0.010	5	37620	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.563	0.563 ± 0.006	0.645 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.114 ± 0.028	0.085 ± 0.054	0.372 ± 0.128	0.412 ± 0.151	0.884 ± 0.013	0.816 ± 0.018	0.857 ± 0.025	0.393 ± 0.007	0.506 ± 0.009	5	37620	56k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.561	0.561 ± 0.019	0.676 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.219 ± 0.062	0.075 ± 0.081	0.534 ± 0.010	0.353 ± 0.018	0.848 ± 0.008	0.817 ± 0.007	0.893 ± 0.004	0.415 ± 0.002	0.534 ± 0.003	5	16980	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.560	0.560 ± 0.009	0.643 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.041 ± 0.057	0.156 ± 0.063	0.517 ± 0.019	0.233 ± 0.083	0.885 ± 0.011	0.778 ± 0.044	0.861 ± 0.010	0.386 ± 0.010	0.496 ± 0.012	5	37620	52k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.560	0.560 ± 0.005	0.771 ± 0.009	0.353 ± 0.040	0.240 ± 0.010	0.153 ± 0.009	0.196 ± 0.051	0.633 ± 0.013	0.478 ± 0.085	0.966 ± 0.004	0.946 ± 0.009	0.990 ± 0.003	0.551 ± 0.010	0.551 ± 0.010	5	68604	56k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.560	0.560 ± 0.017	0.643 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	0.012 ± 0.019	0.192 ± 0.040	0.462 ± 0.106	0.336 ± 0.066	0.860 ± 0.030	0.747 ± 0.073	0.863 ± 0.030	0.386 ± 0.015	0.496 ± 0.019	5	37620	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.559	0.559 ± 0.047	0.681 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	0.344 ± 0.170	0.012 ± 0.033	0.419 ± 0.081	0.429 ± 0.092	0.874 ± 0.038	0.751 ± 0.036	0.912 ± 0.042	0.416 ± 0.023	0.535 ± 0.029	5	37620	52k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.558	0.558 ± 0.016	0.565 ± 0.016	0.303 ± 0.009	0.309 ± 0.021	0.177 ± 0.024	0.241 ± 0.018	0.659 ± 0.047	0.598 ± 0.074	0.938 ± 0.003	0.910 ± 0.007	0.944 ± 0.011	0.564 ± 0.015	0.564 ± 0.015	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.558	0.558 ± 0.012	0.640 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.112 ± 0.043	0.085 ± 0.083	0.429 ± 0.046	0.405 ± 0.063	0.859 ± 0.032	0.748 ± 0.046	0.872 ± 0.026	0.390 ± 0.013	0.501 ± 0.017	5	37620	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.557	0.557 ± 0.010	0.696 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.146 ± 0.136	0.276 ± 0.152	0.501 ± 0.068	0.375 ± 0.080	0.875 ± 0.020	0.843 ± 0.025	0.855 ± 0.004	0.430 ± 0.010	0.553 ± 0.013	5	16980	56k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.557	0.557 ± 0.010	0.564 ± 0.010	0.310 ± 0.028	0.288 ± 0.026	0.168 ± 0.033	0.251 ± 0.041	0.652 ± 0.017	0.613 ± 0.043	0.934 ± 0.005	0.899 ± 0.013	0.943 ± 0.008	0.562 ± 0.009	0.562 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.557	0.557 ± 0.008	0.638 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.064 ± 0.038	0.185 ± 0.043	0.544 ± 0.037	0.123 ± 0.073	0.873 ± 0.012	0.768 ± 0.029	0.850 ± 0.010	0.378 ± 0.007	0.486 ± 0.009	5	37620	510k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.556	0.556 ± 0.010	0.766 ± 0.012	0.309 ± 0.075	0.250 ± 0.059	0.183 ± 0.056	0.188 ± 0.057	0.619 ± 0.018	0.469 ± 0.080	0.968 ± 0.006	0.948 ± 0.005	0.990 ± 0.003	0.547 ± 0.014	0.547 ± 0.014	5	68604	56k	2.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.556	0.556 ± 0.005	0.766 ± 0.010	0.340 ± 0.026	0.287 ± 0.030	0.137 ± 0.021	0.188 ± 0.027	0.617 ± 0.021	0.456 ± 0.036	0.968 ± 0.004	0.954 ± 0.007	0.990 ± 0.002	0.549 ± 0.006	0.549 ± 0.006	5	68604	56k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.556	0.556 ± 0.008	0.637 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.084 ± 0.062	0.113 ± 0.091	0.523 ± 0.029	0.193 ± 0.068	0.872 ± 0.014	0.744 ± 0.032	0.869 ± 0.008	0.377 ± 0.009	0.485 ± 0.012	5	37620	52k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.556	0.556 ± 0.010	0.562 ± 0.010	0.286 ± 0.014	0.331 ± 0.021	0.189 ± 0.055	0.247 ± 0.031	0.624 ± 0.022	0.586 ± 0.054	0.941 ± 0.003	0.908 ± 0.009	0.939 ± 0.008	0.561 ± 0.013	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.555	0.555 ± 0.003	0.575 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.303 ± 0.010	0.000 ± 0.000	0.579 ± 0.004	0.370 ± 0.021	0.008 ± 0.009	0.655 ± 0.003	0.982 ± 0.001	0.322 ± 0.003	0.414 ± 0.004	5	16980	—	13s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.555	0.555 ± 0.006	0.769 ± 0.009	0.349 ± 0.016	0.270 ± 0.023	0.146 ± 0.030	0.158 ± 0.032	0.632 ± 0.016	0.448 ± 0.070	0.967 ± 0.005	0.954 ± 0.003	0.992 ± 0.001	0.546 ± 0.008	0.546 ± 0.008	5	68604	56k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.555	0.555 ± 0.011	0.653 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.071 ± 0.084	0.135 ± 0.055	0.475 ± 0.040	0.312 ± 0.111	0.894 ± 0.017	0.775 ± 0.042	0.852 ± 0.012	0.390 ± 0.013	0.502 ± 0.017	5	16980	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.553	0.553 ± 0.017	0.634 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	0.060 ± 0.089	0.148 ± 0.105	0.477 ± 0.051	0.261 ± 0.113	0.870 ± 0.023	0.741 ± 0.083	0.847 ± 0.018	0.378 ± 0.019	0.486 ± 0.025	5	37620	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.553	0.553 ± 0.011	0.650 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.103 ± 0.040	0.133 ± 0.052	0.413 ± 0.122	0.359 ± 0.163	0.890 ± 0.047	0.770 ± 0.057	0.859 ± 0.013	0.392 ± 0.008	0.504 ± 0.010	5	16980	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.552	0.552 ± 0.008	0.649 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.066 ± 0.038	0.169 ± 0.031	0.500 ± 0.052	0.247 ± 0.122	0.880 ± 0.018	0.768 ± 0.031	0.847 ± 0.011	0.387 ± 0.012	0.497 ± 0.016	5	16980	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.552	0.552 ± 0.008	0.649 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.130 ± 0.058	0.088 ± 0.070	0.476 ± 0.046	0.299 ± 0.112	0.884 ± 0.014	0.759 ± 0.033	0.856 ± 0.009	0.388 ± 0.014	0.499 ± 0.018	5	16980	52k	—
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.552	0.552 ± 0.005	0.755 ± 0.006	0.149 ± 0.088	0.230 ± 0.065	0.086 ± 0.004	0.295 ± 0.017	0.613 ± 0.009	0.377 ± 0.016	0.971 ± 0.004	0.959 ± 0.009	0.984 ± 0.008	0.518 ± 0.012	0.518 ± 0.012	5	68604	56k	2.2m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.552	0.552 ± 0.011	0.684 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.131 ± 0.136	0.304 ± 0.010	0.507 ± 0.050	0.338 ± 0.080	0.866 ± 0.021	0.793 ± 0.045	0.849 ± 0.006	0.421 ± 0.014	0.541 ± 0.018	5	16980	56k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.552	0.552 ± 0.012	0.560 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.313 ± 0.080	0.467 ± 0.059	0.368 ± 0.114	0.366 ± 0.117	0.735 ± 0.045	0.719 ± 0.036	0.733 ± 0.018	0.411 ± 0.009	0.528 ± 0.011	5	11928	52k	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.549	0.549 ± 0.002	0.750 ± 0.003	0.079 ± 0.018	0.183 ± 0.002	0.098 ± 0.011	0.295 ± 0.001	0.568 ± 0.011	0.414 ± 0.012	0.974 ± 0.004	0.976 ± 0.004	0.993 ± 0.001	0.509 ± 0.002	0.509 ± 0.002	5	68604	3.1M	1.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.549	0.549 ± 0.017	0.555 ± 0.017	0.238 ± 0.089	0.292 ± 0.022	0.205 ± 0.058	0.253 ± 0.036	0.631 ± 0.048	0.579 ± 0.091	0.943 ± 0.004	0.909 ± 0.008	0.942 ± 0.008	0.555 ± 0.018	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.548	0.548 ± 0.045	0.670 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.346 ± 0.155	0.000 ± 0.000	0.419 ± 0.098	0.411 ± 0.115	0.856 ± 0.049	0.746 ± 0.016	0.893 ± 0.044	0.408 ± 0.024	0.524 ± 0.030	5	16980	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.547	0.547 ± 0.019	0.625 ± 0.026	n/a	n/a	0.138 ± 0.015	0.076 ± 0.021	0.429 ± 0.113	0.355 ± 0.180	0.850 ± 0.072	0.697 ± 0.100	0.854 ± 0.024	0.378 ± 0.013	0.486 ± 0.016	5	37620	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.545	0.545 ± 0.013	0.640 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.067 ± 0.105	0.136 ± 0.098	0.412 ± 0.074	0.338 ± 0.114	0.880 ± 0.016	0.746 ± 0.051	0.851 ± 0.011	0.381 ± 0.014	0.490 ± 0.018	5	16980	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.545	0.545 ± 0.022	0.691 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.095 ± 0.065	0.253 ± 0.152	0.472 ± 0.088	0.418 ± 0.082	0.889 ± 0.020	0.820 ± 0.037	0.850 ± 0.004	0.422 ± 0.011	0.542 ± 0.015	5	37620	56k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.545	0.545 ± 0.007	0.750 ± 0.008	0.344 ± 0.033	0.259 ± 0.018	0.157 ± 0.022	0.157 ± 0.034	0.601 ± 0.014	0.390 ± 0.029	0.963 ± 0.004	0.939 ± 0.007	0.989 ± 0.001	0.533 ± 0.008	0.533 ± 0.008	5	68604	56k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.543	0.543 ± 0.002	0.747 ± 0.000	0.397 ± 0.004	0.223 ± 0.021	0.115 ± 0.023	0.117 ± 0.028	0.588 ± 0.006	0.367 ± 0.011	0.973 ± 0.002	0.955 ± 0.001	0.987 ± 0.003	0.525 ± 0.002	0.525 ± 0.002	5	68604	3.1M	55s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.543	0.543 ± 0.001	0.744 ± 0.001	0.399 ± 0.006	0.220 ± 0.008	0.120 ± 0.017	0.111 ± 0.024	0.600 ± 0.002	0.339 ± 0.008	0.969 ± 0.002	0.951 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.001	0.521 ± 0.002	0.521 ± 0.002	5	68604	3.1M	57s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.543	0.543 ± 0.001	0.746 ± 0.001	0.389 ± 0.009	0.230 ± 0.017	0.125 ± 0.015	0.113 ± 0.033	0.593 ± 0.006	0.362 ± 0.013	0.973 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.003	0.986 ± 0.002	0.525 ± 0.001	0.525 ± 0.001	5	68604	3.1M	55s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.543	0.543 ± 0.011	0.550 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.213 ± 0.107	0.532 ± 0.041	0.390 ± 0.115	0.316 ± 0.099	0.723 ± 0.054	0.690 ± 0.038	0.706 ± 0.058	0.397 ± 0.008	0.510 ± 0.010	5	11928	510k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.542	0.542 ± 0.005	0.746 ± 0.009	0.311 ± 0.056	0.276 ± 0.036	0.135 ± 0.025	0.180 ± 0.014	0.581 ± 0.011	0.410 ± 0.072	0.962 ± 0.004	0.939 ± 0.002	0.988 ± 0.004	0.531 ± 0.009	0.531 ± 0.009	5	68604	56k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.542	0.542 ± 0.010	0.548 ± 0.010	0.299 ± 0.013	0.253 ± 0.011	0.207 ± 0.018	0.271 ± 0.061	0.583 ± 0.014	0.560 ± 0.045	0.923 ± 0.007	0.882 ± 0.008	0.943 ± 0.003	0.547 ± 0.011	0.547 ± 0.011	5	10844	56k	1.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.542	0.542 ± 0.002	0.744 ± 0.002	0.393 ± 0.007	0.230 ± 0.006	0.131 ± 0.021	0.102 ± 0.023	0.593 ± 0.008	0.360 ± 0.021	0.966 ± 0.003	0.948 ± 0.004	0.983 ± 0.004	0.523 ± 0.002	0.523 ± 0.002	5	68604	3.1M	1.6m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.541	0.541 ± 0.011	0.548 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.368 ± 0.072	0.359 ± 0.142	0.368 ± 0.049	0.388 ± 0.055	0.709 ± 0.035	0.717 ± 0.039	0.734 ± 0.037	0.405 ± 0.017	0.520 ± 0.021	5	11928	52k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.539	0.539 ± 0.001	0.740 ± 0.002	0.393 ± 0.006	0.223 ± 0.014	0.128 ± 0.022	0.074 ± 0.023	0.582 ± 0.012	0.367 ± 0.021	0.967 ± 0.001	0.944 ± 0.003	0.982 ± 0.002	0.518 ± 0.004	0.518 ± 0.004	5	68604	3.1M	55s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.539	0.539 ± 0.002	0.740 ± 0.003	0.394 ± 0.006	0.221 ± 0.008	0.136 ± 0.007	0.058 ± 0.022	0.593 ± 0.005	0.345 ± 0.013	0.968 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.003	0.516 ± 0.004	0.516 ± 0.004	5	68604	3.1M	57s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.539	0.539 ± 0.013	0.676 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.237 ± 0.167	0.151 ± 0.007	0.486 ± 0.053	0.352 ± 0.083	0.887 ± 0.016	0.760 ± 0.059	0.849 ± 0.009	0.414 ± 0.010	0.532 ± 0.013	5	37620	56k	—
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.538	0.538 ± 0.010	0.546 ± 0.010	0.184 ± 0.089	0.254 ± 0.042	0.083 ± 0.011	0.328 ± 0.020	0.600 ± 0.014	0.544 ± 0.030	0.938 ± 0.005	0.919 ± 0.014	0.941 ± 0.016	0.532 ± 0.014	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.538	0.538 ± 0.038	0.676 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.104 ± 0.122	0.220 ± 0.275	0.309 ± 0.116	0.510 ± 0.068	0.869 ± 0.018	0.735 ± 0.030	0.907 ± 0.013	0.406 ± 0.020	0.522 ± 0.026	5	37620	52k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.536	0.536 ± 0.014	0.542 ± 0.014	0.311 ± 0.007	0.317 ± 0.027	0.199 ± 0.019	0.224 ± 0.027	0.562 ± 0.035	0.485 ± 0.065	0.938 ± 0.003	0.895 ± 0.008	0.939 ± 0.010	0.541 ± 0.014	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.534	0.534 ± 0.009	0.540 ± 0.009	0.282 ± 0.033	0.275 ± 0.019	0.216 ± 0.052	0.216 ± 0.039	0.581 ± 0.034	0.545 ± 0.047	0.922 ± 0.005	0.877 ± 0.005	0.938 ± 0.011	0.539 ± 0.012	0.539 ± 0.012	5	10844	56k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.534	0.534 ± 0.018	0.540 ± 0.018	0.267 ± 0.034	0.266 ± 0.015	0.217 ± 0.020	0.237 ± 0.049	0.592 ± 0.029	0.542 ± 0.072	0.925 ± 0.008	0.877 ± 0.013	0.942 ± 0.007	0.540 ± 0.017	0.540 ± 0.017	5	10844	56k	1.9m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.533	0.533 ± 0.012	0.676 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.017 ± 0.047	0.103 ± 0.022	0.564 ± 0.013	0.273 ± 0.030	0.858 ± 0.008	0.825 ± 0.012	0.895 ± 0.003	0.393 ± 0.006	0.505 ± 0.008	5	16980	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.533	0.533 ± 0.013	0.539 ± 0.013	0.245 ± 0.068	0.262 ± 0.036	0.229 ± 0.052	0.279 ± 0.035	0.560 ± 0.028	0.541 ± 0.082	0.921 ± 0.014	0.870 ± 0.018	0.936 ± 0.015	0.538 ± 0.014	0.538 ± 0.014	5	10844	56k	2.6m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.533	0.533 ± 0.009	0.539 ± 0.010	0.163 ± 0.120	0.256 ± 0.067	0.131 ± 0.017	0.357 ± 0.023	0.554 ± 0.036	0.481 ± 0.023	0.914 ± 0.005	0.903 ± 0.009	0.938 ± 0.009	0.522 ± 0.016	0.522 ± 0.016	5	10844	56k	2.2m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.531	0.531 ± 0.002	0.538 ± 0.002	0.272 ± 0.008	0.214 ± 0.011	0.276 ± 0.005	0.373 ± 0.007	0.525 ± 0.005	0.475 ± 0.007	0.880 ± 0.006	0.843 ± 0.005	0.871 ± 0.008	0.525 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.531	0.531 ± 0.003	0.747 ± 0.002	0.253 ± 0.013	0.238 ± 0.010	0.137 ± 0.019	0.247 ± 0.013	0.571 ± 0.004	0.485 ± 0.003	0.928 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.002	0.529 ± 0.003	0.529 ± 0.003	5	68604	—	12s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.531	0.531 ± 0.013	0.537 ± 0.013	0.277 ± 0.054	0.312 ± 0.030	0.183 ± 0.067	0.235 ± 0.028	0.544 ± 0.028	0.495 ± 0.064	0.943 ± 0.003	0.900 ± 0.004	0.938 ± 0.008	0.536 ± 0.014	0.536 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.531	0.531 ± 0.008	0.537 ± 0.009	0.283 ± 0.096	0.240 ± 0.080	0.245 ± 0.090	0.183 ± 0.129	0.510 ± 0.050	0.484 ± 0.028	0.961 ± 0.003	0.940 ± 0.007	0.939 ± 0.005	0.532 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.531	0.531 ± 0.030	0.660 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	0.212 ± 0.161	0.113 ± 0.139	0.372 ± 0.130	0.454 ± 0.090	0.835 ± 0.031	0.749 ± 0.057	0.864 ± 0.018	0.400 ± 0.024	0.514 ± 0.031	5	16980	510k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.531	0.531 ± 0.009	0.538 ± 0.009	0.244 ± 0.077	0.200 ± 0.126	0.192 ± 0.050	0.302 ± 0.088	0.494 ± 0.110	0.489 ± 0.055	0.954 ± 0.009	0.931 ± 0.009	0.914 ± 0.052	0.524 ± 0.020	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.531	0.531 ± 0.013	0.537 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.367 ± 0.051	0.400 ± 0.046	0.369 ± 0.087	0.346 ± 0.126	0.734 ± 0.034	0.680 ± 0.034	0.695 ± 0.046	0.399 ± 0.011	0.513 ± 0.014	5	11928	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.528	0.528 ± 0.017	0.665 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	0.269 ± 0.133	0.105 ± 0.137	0.371 ± 0.084	0.445 ± 0.074	0.814 ± 0.055	0.749 ± 0.016	0.931 ± 0.062	0.409 ± 0.016	0.526 ± 0.020	5	149780	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.528	0.528 ± 0.042	0.667 ± 0.031	n/a	n/a	0.121 ± 0.099	0.185 ± 0.187	0.354 ± 0.127	0.473 ± 0.069	0.857 ± 0.037	0.748 ± 0.085	0.884 ± 0.018	0.403 ± 0.028	0.518 ± 0.035	5	37620	510k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.527	0.527 ± 0.023	0.629 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.236 ± 0.084	0.072 ± 0.030	0.403 ± 0.075	0.427 ± 0.076	0.872 ± 0.012	0.678 ± 0.032	0.886 ± 0.021	0.397 ± 0.013	0.511 ± 0.017	5	149780	3.1M	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.527	0.527 ± 0.005	0.535 ± 0.005	0.328 ± 0.024	0.240 ± 0.018	0.194 ± 0.013	0.242 ± 0.023	0.499 ± 0.020	0.446 ± 0.005	0.963 ± 0.002	0.929 ± 0.005	0.928 ± 0.004	0.530 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.525	0.525 ± 0.014	0.531 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.358 ± 0.079	0.364 ± 0.121	0.379 ± 0.058	0.297 ± 0.067	0.699 ± 0.030	0.691 ± 0.029	0.724 ± 0.031	0.390 ± 0.010	0.502 ± 0.013	5	11928	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.523	0.523 ± 0.007	0.666 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.005 ± 0.015	0.080 ± 0.010	0.508 ± 0.030	0.377 ± 0.037	0.874 ± 0.008	0.823 ± 0.014	0.911 ± 0.004	0.397 ± 0.003	0.511 ± 0.004	5	37620	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.523	0.523 ± 0.055	0.665 ± 0.040	n/a	n/a	0.023 ± 0.064	0.240 ± 0.251	0.274 ± 0.132	0.555 ± 0.049	0.831 ± 0.080	0.770 ± 0.032	0.854 ± 0.087	0.394 ± 0.034	0.507 ± 0.044	5	37620	510k	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.523	0.523 ± 0.002	0.529 ± 0.002	0.056 ± 0.009	0.175 ± 0.011	0.151 ± 0.020	0.371 ± 0.003	0.520 ± 0.018	0.502 ± 0.008	0.909 ± 0.003	0.915 ± 0.003	0.943 ± 0.003	0.505 ± 0.003	0.505 ± 0.003	5	10844	3.1M	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.521	0.521 ± 0.005	0.527 ± 0.005	0.320 ± 0.015	0.262 ± 0.016	0.171 ± 0.032	0.194 ± 0.030	0.532 ± 0.011	0.488 ± 0.027	0.901 ± 0.005	0.880 ± 0.002	0.933 ± 0.012	0.520 ± 0.003	0.520 ± 0.003	5	10844	3.1M	55s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.520	0.520 ± 0.017	0.622 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	0.184 ± 0.062	0.355 ± 0.067	0.487 ± 0.054	0.285 ± 0.105	0.787 ± 0.027	0.632 ± 0.061	0.804 ± 0.031	0.393 ± 0.023	0.505 ± 0.030	5	149780	56k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.520	0.520 ± 0.022	0.662 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.135 ± 0.158	0.162 ± 0.220	0.373 ± 0.075	0.471 ± 0.053	0.837 ± 0.021	0.730 ± 0.023	0.886 ± 0.027	0.399 ± 0.016	0.513 ± 0.021	5	16980	52k	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.519	0.519 ± 0.003	0.527 ± 0.003	0.125 ± 0.025	0.199 ± 0.002	0.092 ± 0.010	0.335 ± 0.006	0.536 ± 0.030	0.511 ± 0.010	0.944 ± 0.002	0.910 ± 0.004	0.939 ± 0.005	0.510 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.517	0.517 ± 0.016	0.523 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	0.357 ± 0.051	0.357 ± 0.111	0.335 ± 0.044	0.295 ± 0.061	0.693 ± 0.023	0.673 ± 0.040	0.742 ± 0.020	0.384 ± 0.018	0.493 ± 0.023	5	11928	52k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.517	0.517 ± 0.005	0.523 ± 0.005	0.317 ± 0.018	0.246 ± 0.006	0.149 ± 0.019	0.197 ± 0.025	0.526 ± 0.010	0.486 ± 0.010	0.905 ± 0.006	0.885 ± 0.004	0.934 ± 0.017	0.516 ± 0.003	0.516 ± 0.003	5	10844	3.1M	55s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.516	0.516 ± 0.002	0.523 ± 0.002	0.315 ± 0.010	0.247 ± 0.006	0.176 ± 0.032	0.187 ± 0.035	0.542 ± 0.013	0.462 ± 0.016	0.898 ± 0.004	0.884 ± 0.008	0.936 ± 0.010	0.516 ± 0.004	0.516 ± 0.004	5	10844	3.1M	57s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.516	0.516 ± 0.020	0.614 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	0.205 ± 0.063	0.036 ± 0.030	0.355 ± 0.077	0.463 ± 0.047	0.868 ± 0.011	0.677 ± 0.030	0.868 ± 0.018	0.386 ± 0.013	0.496 ± 0.017	5	149780	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.516	0.516 ± 0.031	0.652 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.150 ± 0.150	0.212 ± 0.177	0.397 ± 0.070	0.424 ± 0.063	0.774 ± 0.034	0.721 ± 0.013	0.926 ± 0.034	0.400 ± 0.026	0.515 ± 0.033	5	149780	52k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.515	0.515 ± 0.003	0.521 ± 0.003	0.307 ± 0.011	0.250 ± 0.013	0.186 ± 0.031	0.177 ± 0.015	0.532 ± 0.016	0.483 ± 0.033	0.897 ± 0.002	0.880 ± 0.008	0.928 ± 0.021	0.515 ± 0.003	0.515 ± 0.003	5	10844	3.1M	1.6m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.514	0.514 ± 0.007	0.522 ± 0.007	0.181 ± 0.034	0.226 ± 0.041	0.268 ± 0.025	0.203 ± 0.025	0.513 ± 0.015	0.453 ± 0.016	0.960 ± 0.003	0.920 ± 0.005	0.917 ± 0.006	0.516 ± 0.007	0.516 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.514	0.514 ± 0.010	0.520 ± 0.010	0.275 ± 0.029	0.268 ± 0.027	0.219 ± 0.015	0.196 ± 0.025	0.527 ± 0.012	0.470 ± 0.045	0.907 ± 0.008	0.870 ± 0.009	0.934 ± 0.009	0.519 ± 0.009	0.519 ± 0.009	5	10844	56k	1.8m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.514	0.514 ± 0.014	0.521 ± 0.011	0.169 ± 0.091	0.234 ± 0.067	0.277 ± 0.064	0.147 ± 0.119	0.511 ± 0.053	0.462 ± 0.068	0.952 ± 0.007	0.914 ± 0.008	0.905 ± 0.017	0.508 ± 0.013	0.508 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.514	0.514 ± 0.004	0.521 ± 0.004	0.318 ± 0.012	0.288 ± 0.011	0.145 ± 0.018	0.190 ± 0.025	0.546 ± 0.014	0.414 ± 0.030	0.926 ± 0.003	0.887 ± 0.010	0.929 ± 0.012	0.516 ± 0.004	0.516 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.514	0.514 ± 0.004	0.519 ± 0.004	0.261 ± 0.041	0.262 ± 0.029	0.201 ± 0.033	0.245 ± 0.043	0.506 ± 0.028	0.487 ± 0.044	0.910 ± 0.007	0.868 ± 0.010	0.935 ± 0.006	0.519 ± 0.005	0.519 ± 0.005	5	10844	56k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.513	0.513 ± 0.006	0.520 ± 0.006	0.316 ± 0.023	0.281 ± 0.012	0.148 ± 0.014	0.195 ± 0.020	0.540 ± 0.015	0.411 ± 0.013	0.928 ± 0.003	0.891 ± 0.005	0.928 ± 0.012	0.515 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.513	0.513 ± 0.005	0.519 ± 0.005	0.307 ± 0.014	0.257 ± 0.013	0.173 ± 0.026	0.144 ± 0.028	0.519 ± 0.004	0.480 ± 0.030	0.899 ± 0.006	0.881 ± 0.005	0.922 ± 0.009	0.509 ± 0.006	0.509 ± 0.006	5	10844	3.1M	55s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.512	0.512 ± 0.014	0.523 ± 0.015	0.149 ± 0.040	0.321 ± 0.064	0.148 ± 0.058	0.277 ± 0.024	0.445 ± 0.046	0.439 ± 0.045	0.959 ± 0.007	0.923 ± 0.016	0.927 ± 0.008	0.510 ± 0.014	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.511	0.511 ± 0.004	0.517 ± 0.004	0.164 ± 0.039	0.265 ± 0.010	0.266 ± 0.014	0.210 ± 0.044	0.509 ± 0.023	0.427 ± 0.024	0.962 ± 0.003	0.916 ± 0.004	0.908 ± 0.004	0.514 ± 0.005	0.514 ± 0.005	5	5091	3.1M	10.8m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.511	0.511 ± 0.018	0.638 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	0.134 ± 0.099	0.232 ± 0.172	0.310 ± 0.109	0.453 ± 0.075	0.750 ± 0.046	0.724 ± 0.046	0.907 ± 0.022	0.390 ± 0.016	0.501 ± 0.021	5	149780	510k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.510	0.510 ± 0.005	0.517 ± 0.005	0.309 ± 0.014	0.255 ± 0.013	0.193 ± 0.010	0.129 ± 0.022	0.523 ± 0.010	0.463 ± 0.017	0.894 ± 0.007	0.878 ± 0.006	0.926 ± 0.012	0.508 ± 0.004	0.508 ± 0.004	5	10844	3.1M	57s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.510	0.510 ± 0.006	0.518 ± 0.006	0.317 ± 0.016	0.280 ± 0.011	0.151 ± 0.028	0.187 ± 0.031	0.551 ± 0.007	0.362 ± 0.012	0.926 ± 0.003	0.897 ± 0.006	0.933 ± 0.011	0.512 ± 0.006	0.512 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.509	0.509 ± 0.005	0.516 ± 0.005	0.315 ± 0.008	0.296 ± 0.003	0.171 ± 0.023	0.159 ± 0.018	0.514 ± 0.016	0.404 ± 0.030	0.927 ± 0.004	0.886 ± 0.010	0.918 ± 0.006	0.510 ± 0.005	0.510 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.509	0.509 ± 0.006	0.516 ± 0.006	0.305 ± 0.017	0.289 ± 0.025	0.162 ± 0.017	0.183 ± 0.023	0.540 ± 0.019	0.379 ± 0.033	0.924 ± 0.004	0.897 ± 0.006	0.924 ± 0.020	0.511 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.508	0.508 ± 0.006	0.515 ± 0.005	0.319 ± 0.003	0.287 ± 0.008	0.165 ± 0.018	0.153 ± 0.028	0.540 ± 0.008	0.391 ± 0.033	0.926 ± 0.002	0.878 ± 0.009	0.922 ± 0.013	0.509 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.506	0.506 ± 0.007	0.514 ± 0.008	0.117 ± 0.043	0.289 ± 0.051	0.233 ± 0.072	0.274 ± 0.030	0.426 ± 0.013	0.432 ± 0.062	0.952 ± 0.011	0.893 ± 0.021	0.901 ± 0.016	0.502 ± 0.011	0.502 ± 0.011	5	5091	56k	49s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.505	0.505 ± 0.016	0.600 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.094 ± 0.075	0.353 ± 0.039	0.445 ± 0.032	0.292 ± 0.049	0.758 ± 0.050	0.582 ± 0.051	0.796 ± 0.024	0.369 ± 0.012	0.474 ± 0.015	5	149780	56k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.505	0.505 ± 0.007	0.524 ± 0.007	0.265 ± 0.021	0.230 ± 0.056	0.186 ± 0.010	0.249 ± 0.045	0.591 ± 0.016	0.262 ± 0.018	0.937 ± 0.006	0.926 ± 0.004	0.923 ± 0.001	0.508 ± 0.006	0.508 ± 0.006	5	4982	3.1M	25s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.505	0.505 ± 0.008	0.512 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.264 ± 0.212	0.336 ± 0.300	0.351 ± 0.047	0.327 ± 0.044	0.695 ± 0.023	0.633 ± 0.030	0.730 ± 0.038	0.371 ± 0.006	0.477 ± 0.007	5	11928	56k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.505	0.505 ± 0.011	0.511 ± 0.013	0.145 ± 0.078	0.286 ± 0.076	0.261 ± 0.048	0.206 ± 0.113	0.451 ± 0.048	0.399 ± 0.035	0.960 ± 0.006	0.910 ± 0.010	0.929 ± 0.013	0.505 ± 0.011	0.505 ± 0.011	5	5091	52k	5.9m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.504	0.504 ± 0.030	0.511 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	0.283 ± 0.143	0.397 ± 0.206	0.333 ± 0.090	0.298 ± 0.100	0.673 ± 0.041	0.660 ± 0.038	0.678 ± 0.050	0.369 ± 0.028	0.475 ± 0.036	5	11928	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.504	0.504 ± 0.012	0.511 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.297 ± 0.058	0.403 ± 0.051	0.358 ± 0.067	0.318 ± 0.091	0.690 ± 0.042	0.666 ± 0.051	0.671 ± 0.026	0.378 ± 0.012	0.486 ± 0.016	5	11928	510k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.502	0.502 ± 0.008	0.511 ± 0.008	0.180 ± 0.121	0.244 ± 0.090	0.234 ± 0.087	0.121 ± 0.157	0.445 ± 0.051	0.482 ± 0.041	0.943 ± 0.017	0.892 ± 0.011	0.903 ± 0.020	0.494 ± 0.013	0.494 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.502	0.502 ± 0.010	0.508 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.315 ± 0.030	0.381 ± 0.070	0.279 ± 0.148	0.405 ± 0.093	0.685 ± 0.033	0.649 ± 0.005	0.726 ± 0.023	0.382 ± 0.012	0.491 ± 0.015	5	11928	56k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.501	0.501 ± 0.041	0.644 ± 0.038	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.237 ± 0.172	0.314 ± 0.112	0.509 ± 0.050	0.808 ± 0.080	0.748 ± 0.037	0.832 ± 0.086	0.383 ± 0.031	0.493 ± 0.040	5	16980	510k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.005	0.506 ± 0.005	0.212 ± 0.018	0.234 ± 0.011	0.203 ± 0.023	0.257 ± 0.009	0.462 ± 0.009	0.438 ± 0.009	0.857 ± 0.002	0.854 ± 0.006	0.872 ± 0.003	0.488 ± 0.005	0.488 ± 0.005	5	10844	—	12s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.013	0.506 ± 0.013	0.161 ± 0.095	0.201 ± 0.094	0.191 ± 0.070	0.293 ± 0.085	0.418 ± 0.068	0.434 ± 0.082	0.954 ± 0.011	0.907 ± 0.016	0.911 ± 0.044	0.497 ± 0.012	0.497 ± 0.012	5	5091	510k	1.2m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.496	0.496 ± 0.009	0.507 ± 0.008	0.106 ± 0.075	0.267 ± 0.054	0.212 ± 0.017	0.194 ± 0.083	0.468 ± 0.064	0.482 ± 0.050	0.928 ± 0.010	0.881 ± 0.012	0.915 ± 0.011	0.495 ± 0.007	0.495 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.492	0.492 ± 0.014	0.504 ± 0.010	0.228 ± 0.086	0.234 ± 0.079	0.212 ± 0.076	0.146 ± 0.082	0.506 ± 0.066	0.285 ± 0.057	0.930 ± 0.012	0.919 ± 0.012	0.912 ± 0.018	0.486 ± 0.017	0.486 ± 0.017	5	4982	52k	17s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.492	0.492 ± 0.034	0.625 ± 0.041	n/a	n/a	0.056 ± 0.062	0.274 ± 0.111	0.338 ± 0.072	0.475 ± 0.034	0.739 ± 0.084	0.706 ± 0.029	0.861 ± 0.122	0.383 ± 0.030	0.493 ± 0.038	5	149780	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.491	0.491 ± 0.015	0.496 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	0.312 ± 0.162	0.369 ± 0.100	0.392 ± 0.051	0.335 ± 0.048	0.643 ± 0.013	0.604 ± 0.037	0.739 ± 0.039	0.377 ± 0.008	0.485 ± 0.010	5	11928	56k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.488	0.488 ± 0.005	0.495 ± 0.010	0.115 ± 0.052	0.259 ± 0.058	0.165 ± 0.044	0.249 ± 0.062	0.484 ± 0.063	0.301 ± 0.054	0.919 ± 0.011	0.919 ± 0.014	0.910 ± 0.014	0.480 ± 0.007	0.480 ± 0.007	5	4982	56k	39s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.486	0.486 ± 0.011	0.489 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.229 ± 0.155	0.382 ± 0.064	0.367 ± 0.072	0.270 ± 0.087	0.748 ± 0.010	0.667 ± 0.027	0.567 ± 0.014	0.359 ± 0.013	0.461 ± 0.017	5	11673	56k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.485	0.485 ± 0.013	0.490 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.249 ± 0.121	0.404 ± 0.108	0.334 ± 0.101	0.349 ± 0.074	0.651 ± 0.021	0.609 ± 0.014	0.747 ± 0.012	0.371 ± 0.010	0.478 ± 0.012	5	11928	56k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.484	0.484 ± 0.015	0.491 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	0.255 ± 0.193	0.365 ± 0.094	0.392 ± 0.050	0.277 ± 0.023	0.745 ± 0.006	0.630 ± 0.054	0.634 ± 0.042	0.366 ± 0.014	0.471 ± 0.018	5	10637	56k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.482	0.482 ± 0.024	0.488 ± 0.024	0.216 ± 0.115	0.266 ± 0.072	0.159 ± 0.051	0.144 ± 0.139	0.402 ± 0.102	0.297 ± 0.057	0.927 ± 0.035	0.923 ± 0.024	0.906 ± 0.027	0.471 ± 0.024	0.471 ± 0.024	5	4982	510k	53s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.481	0.481 ± 0.011	0.489 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.224 ± 0.142	0.416 ± 0.045	0.375 ± 0.057	0.219 ± 0.046	0.749 ± 0.012	0.645 ± 0.027	0.643 ± 0.019	0.363 ± 0.014	0.467 ± 0.018	5	10637	56k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.481	0.481 ± 0.017	0.484 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.405 ± 0.091	0.237 ± 0.173	0.247 ± 0.049	0.296 ± 0.069	0.819 ± 0.028	0.648 ± 0.014	0.511 ± 0.027	0.351 ± 0.023	0.452 ± 0.029	5	11673	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.477	0.477 ± 0.007	0.673 ± 0.014	0.168 ± 0.098	0.109 ± 0.081	0.220 ± 0.046	0.071 ± 0.043	0.469 ± 0.089	0.405 ± 0.109	0.883 ± 0.032	0.815 ± 0.019	0.916 ± 0.005	0.451 ± 0.018	0.451 ± 0.018	5	68604	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.476	0.476 ± 0.003	0.676 ± 0.007	0.229 ± 0.136	0.112 ± 0.076	0.133 ± 0.081	0.135 ± 0.095	0.459 ± 0.063	0.446 ± 0.065	0.871 ± 0.018	0.801 ± 0.021	0.914 ± 0.007	0.456 ± 0.003	0.456 ± 0.003	5	68604	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.476	0.476 ± 0.015	0.479 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.276 ± 0.213	0.320 ± 0.114	0.344 ± 0.053	0.241 ± 0.078	0.754 ± 0.015	0.648 ± 0.047	0.554 ± 0.023	0.349 ± 0.012	0.448 ± 0.015	5	11673	56k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.475	0.475 ± 0.014	0.480 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.246 ± 0.197	0.358 ± 0.077	0.256 ± 0.137	0.286 ± 0.126	0.819 ± 0.014	0.654 ± 0.018	0.510 ± 0.007	0.348 ± 0.016	0.447 ± 0.020	5	11673	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.473	0.473 ± 0.008	0.476 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.426 ± 0.044	0.249 ± 0.081	0.191 ± 0.132	0.316 ± 0.095	0.772 ± 0.033	0.627 ± 0.057	0.510 ± 0.035	0.343 ± 0.007	0.442 ± 0.008	5	11673	56k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.471	0.471 ± 0.014	0.474 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.424 ± 0.013	0.260 ± 0.029	0.232 ± 0.142	0.282 ± 0.093	0.809 ± 0.015	0.616 ± 0.012	0.498 ± 0.017	0.347 ± 0.011	0.446 ± 0.014	5	11673	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.470	0.470 ± 0.007	0.664 ± 0.011	0.197 ± 0.088	0.064 ± 0.104	0.148 ± 0.087	0.162 ± 0.074	0.403 ± 0.120	0.460 ± 0.106	0.854 ± 0.030	0.808 ± 0.043	0.893 ± 0.013	0.443 ± 0.011	0.443 ± 0.011	5	68604	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.470	0.470 ± 0.010	0.474 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.284 ± 0.245	0.237 ± 0.263	0.312 ± 0.068	0.241 ± 0.060	0.798 ± 0.024	0.613 ± 0.082	0.520 ± 0.044	0.334 ± 0.011	0.429 ± 0.014	5	11673	56k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.470	0.470 ± 0.018	0.660 ± 0.031	0.232 ± 0.126	0.136 ± 0.120	0.066 ± 0.080	0.161 ± 0.102	0.397 ± 0.082	0.495 ± 0.057	0.841 ± 0.078	0.809 ± 0.021	0.878 ± 0.068	0.446 ± 0.012	0.446 ± 0.012	5	68604	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.469	0.469 ± 0.024	0.477 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.382 ± 0.097	0.029 ± 0.041	0.314 ± 0.093	0.323 ± 0.071	0.727 ± 0.102	0.621 ± 0.029	0.633 ± 0.047	0.337 ± 0.014	0.433 ± 0.018	5	10637	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.468	0.468 ± 0.010	0.473 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.100 ± 0.084	0.399 ± 0.026	0.272 ± 0.117	0.243 ± 0.064	0.824 ± 0.014	0.657 ± 0.013	0.512 ± 0.028	0.334 ± 0.004	0.430 ± 0.006	5	11673	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.468	0.468 ± 0.008	0.477 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.227 ± 0.136	0.393 ± 0.147	0.355 ± 0.025	0.211 ± 0.035	0.746 ± 0.031	0.654 ± 0.022	0.540 ± 0.013	0.347 ± 0.007	0.447 ± 0.009	5	10637	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.466	0.466 ± 0.009	0.479 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.109 ± 0.067	0.438 ± 0.032	0.302 ± 0.093	0.288 ± 0.055	0.750 ± 0.040	0.645 ± 0.041	0.545 ± 0.033	0.342 ± 0.009	0.440 ± 0.012	5	10637	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.466	0.466 ± 0.032	0.472 ± 0.029	n/a	n/a	0.405 ± 0.154	0.018 ± 0.026	0.298 ± 0.100	0.310 ± 0.065	0.780 ± 0.073	0.600 ± 0.021	0.557 ± 0.030	0.330 ± 0.011	0.424 ± 0.014	5	11673	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.463	0.463 ± 0.012	0.466 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.207 ± 0.163	0.347 ± 0.021	0.397 ± 0.049	0.250 ± 0.049	0.762 ± 0.008	0.656 ± 0.006	0.522 ± 0.004	0.349 ± 0.019	0.449 ± 0.025	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.463	0.463 ± 0.003	0.623 ± 0.004	0.139 ± 0.060	0.238 ± 0.032	0.019 ± 0.021	0.107 ± 0.028	0.541 ± 0.009	0.246 ± 0.018	0.864 ± 0.007	0.781 ± 0.008	0.896 ± 0.001	0.426 ± 0.007	0.426 ± 0.007	5	68604	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.463	0.463 ± 0.010	0.568 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.112 ± 0.020	0.332 ± 0.043	0.208 ± 0.036	0.736 ± 0.012	0.599 ± 0.019	0.863 ± 0.031	0.317 ± 0.006	0.407 ± 0.008	5	149780	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.463	0.463 ± 0.019	0.476 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.288 ± 0.090	0.107 ± 0.101	0.308 ± 0.063	0.376 ± 0.048	0.672 ± 0.019	0.607 ± 0.024	0.722 ± 0.027	0.342 ± 0.016	0.440 ± 0.020	5	11928	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.462	0.462 ± 0.004	0.646 ± 0.008	0.091 ± 0.056	0.194 ± 0.083	0.154 ± 0.062	0.183 ± 0.076	0.485 ± 0.046	0.375 ± 0.065	0.852 ± 0.011	0.783 ± 0.014	0.847 ± 0.006	0.440 ± 0.009	0.440 ± 0.009	5	68604	56k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.462	0.462 ± 0.014	0.469 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.347 ± 0.097	0.158 ± 0.176	0.231 ± 0.034	0.346 ± 0.027	0.761 ± 0.030	0.618 ± 0.027	0.560 ± 0.032	0.336 ± 0.014	0.432 ± 0.018	5	10637	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.461	0.461 ± 0.011	0.552 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.018 ± 0.029	0.093 ± 0.018	0.322 ± 0.053	0.253 ± 0.053	0.788 ± 0.040	0.585 ± 0.012	0.803 ± 0.049	0.318 ± 0.009	0.409 ± 0.012	5	149780	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.461	0.461 ± 0.002	0.619 ± 0.003	0.145 ± 0.032	0.016 ± 0.021	0.135 ± 0.018	0.095 ± 0.017	0.504 ± 0.018	0.322 ± 0.031	0.861 ± 0.009	0.786 ± 0.004	0.892 ± 0.003	0.417 ± 0.007	0.417 ± 0.007	5	68604	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.461	0.461 ± 0.003	0.463 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.487 ± 0.007	0.169 ± 0.010	0.324 ± 0.081	0.262 ± 0.073	0.746 ± 0.008	0.655 ± 0.011	0.514 ± 0.004	0.351 ± 0.004	0.451 ± 0.005	5	11673	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.460	0.460 ± 0.010	0.471 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.196 ± 0.175	0.351 ± 0.164	0.228 ± 0.141	0.310 ± 0.166	0.758 ± 0.026	0.630 ± 0.024	0.555 ± 0.013	0.337 ± 0.009	0.433 ± 0.012	5	10637	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.458	0.458 ± 0.005	0.463 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.367 ± 0.024	0.197 ± 0.032	0.370 ± 0.021	0.293 ± 0.017	0.731 ± 0.003	0.661 ± 0.007	0.540 ± 0.002	0.351 ± 0.003	0.451 ± 0.004	5	11673	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.458	0.458 ± 0.006	0.465 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.285 ± 0.144	0.293 ± 0.233	0.365 ± 0.034	0.114 ± 0.042	0.743 ± 0.013	0.627 ± 0.026	0.545 ± 0.009	0.330 ± 0.012	0.425 ± 0.016	5	10637	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.457	0.457 ± 0.006	0.639 ± 0.013	0.061 ± 0.066	0.194 ± 0.078	0.117 ± 0.036	0.195 ± 0.016	0.488 ± 0.034	0.341 ± 0.057	0.844 ± 0.021	0.759 ± 0.038	0.844 ± 0.010	0.427 ± 0.009	0.427 ± 0.009	5	68604	56k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.457	0.457 ± 0.007	0.629 ± 0.011	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.078 ± 0.023	0.141 ± 0.033	0.452 ± 0.048	0.363 ± 0.097	0.893 ± 0.017	0.832 ± 0.023	0.874 ± 0.009	0.404 ± 0.009	0.404 ± 0.009	5	68604	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.456	0.456 ± 0.007	0.625 ± 0.009	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.103 ± 0.025	0.105 ± 0.040	0.473 ± 0.034	0.320 ± 0.078	0.891 ± 0.011	0.820 ± 0.021	0.877 ± 0.013	0.399 ± 0.009	0.399 ± 0.009	5	68604	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.455	0.455 ± 0.009	0.465 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.207 ± 0.178	0.344 ± 0.216	0.330 ± 0.073	0.222 ± 0.094	0.733 ± 0.029	0.641 ± 0.039	0.528 ± 0.020	0.334 ± 0.014	0.429 ± 0.018	5	10637	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.455	0.455 ± 0.005	0.614 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.061 ± 0.039	0.146 ± 0.020	0.476 ± 0.053	0.335 ± 0.074	0.879 ± 0.014	0.817 ± 0.015	0.875 ± 0.008	0.399 ± 0.002	0.399 ± 0.002	5	68604	56k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.455	0.455 ± 0.006	0.615 ± 0.009	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.096 ± 0.048	0.104 ± 0.029	0.478 ± 0.051	0.333 ± 0.067	0.889 ± 0.009	0.812 ± 0.017	0.876 ± 0.007	0.399 ± 0.004	0.399 ± 0.004	5	68604	56k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.454	0.454 ± 0.009	0.457 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.319 ± 0.159	0.211 ± 0.164	0.383 ± 0.081	0.225 ± 0.084	0.768 ± 0.029	0.614 ± 0.016	0.483 ± 0.005	0.334 ± 0.010	0.429 ± 0.012	5	11673	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.454	0.454 ± 0.006	0.624 ± 0.010	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.091 ± 0.022	0.140 ± 0.080	0.477 ± 0.046	0.387 ± 0.085	0.858 ± 0.027	0.777 ± 0.040	0.883 ± 0.009	0.402 ± 0.013	0.402 ± 0.013	5	68604	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.454	0.454 ± 0.003	0.627 ± 0.006	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.068 ± 0.033	0.165 ± 0.023	0.455 ± 0.092	0.395 ± 0.117	0.872 ± 0.023	0.783 ± 0.038	0.881 ± 0.008	0.402 ± 0.006	0.402 ± 0.006	5	68604	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.454	0.454 ± 0.030	0.468 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	0.164 ± 0.160	0.213 ± 0.169	0.301 ± 0.075	0.300 ± 0.051	0.669 ± 0.024	0.603 ± 0.020	0.704 ± 0.033	0.328 ± 0.027	0.422 ± 0.034	5	11928	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.453	0.453 ± 0.006	0.460 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.253 ± 0.203	0.232 ± 0.274	0.314 ± 0.049	0.214 ± 0.064	0.759 ± 0.007	0.598 ± 0.102	0.570 ± 0.075	0.327 ± 0.017	0.420 ± 0.022	5	10637	56k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.452	0.452 ± 0.014	0.459 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.263 ± 0.078	0.373 ± 0.068	0.390 ± 0.054	0.093 ± 0.050	0.724 ± 0.029	0.645 ± 0.024	0.523 ± 0.008	0.335 ± 0.012	0.430 ± 0.015	5	10637	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.451	0.451 ± 0.005	0.618 ± 0.009	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.065 ± 0.033	0.137 ± 0.011	0.472 ± 0.053	0.324 ± 0.099	0.866 ± 0.044	0.820 ± 0.021	0.858 ± 0.007	0.393 ± 0.006	0.393 ± 0.006	5	68604	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.451	0.451 ± 0.023	0.454 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	0.202 ± 0.228	0.316 ± 0.181	0.348 ± 0.059	0.255 ± 0.086	0.757 ± 0.047	0.602 ± 0.046	0.483 ± 0.019	0.329 ± 0.024	0.423 ± 0.031	5	11673	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.451	0.451 ± 0.019	0.458 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.217 ± 0.158	0.288 ± 0.007	0.371 ± 0.058	0.277 ± 0.054	0.731 ± 0.019	0.655 ± 0.014	0.503 ± 0.005	0.338 ± 0.018	0.435 ± 0.024	5	11673	56k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.451	0.451 ± 0.015	0.464 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.241 ± 0.054	0.210 ± 0.154	0.279 ± 0.072	0.357 ± 0.048	0.640 ± 0.039	0.609 ± 0.035	0.685 ± 0.050	0.336 ± 0.019	0.432 ± 0.024	5	11928	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.450	0.450 ± 0.008	0.452 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.242 ± 0.051	0.346 ± 0.050	0.386 ± 0.068	0.156 ± 0.085	0.754 ± 0.048	0.626 ± 0.012	0.478 ± 0.014	0.332 ± 0.006	0.427 ± 0.008	5	11673	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.448	0.448 ± 0.023	0.451 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	0.229 ± 0.165	0.302 ± 0.112	0.357 ± 0.057	0.243 ± 0.108	0.763 ± 0.053	0.617 ± 0.015	0.474 ± 0.019	0.332 ± 0.017	0.427 ± 0.022	5	11673	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.447	0.447 ± 0.016	0.455 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.128 ± 0.049	0.255 ± 0.103	0.426 ± 0.074	0.266 ± 0.065	0.738 ± 0.017	0.667 ± 0.013	0.507 ± 0.004	0.332 ± 0.011	0.427 ± 0.014	5	11673	56k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.446	0.446 ± 0.009	0.612 ± 0.017	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.069 ± 0.048	0.120 ± 0.078	0.409 ± 0.094	0.371 ± 0.116	0.873 ± 0.015	0.813 ± 0.032	0.852 ± 0.022	0.390 ± 0.009	0.390 ± 0.009	5	68604	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.446	0.446 ± 0.021	0.452 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	0.359 ± 0.026	0.150 ± 0.038	0.243 ± 0.172	0.316 ± 0.080	0.748 ± 0.018	0.587 ± 0.056	0.537 ± 0.019	0.327 ± 0.017	0.420 ± 0.022	5	10637	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.445	0.445 ± 0.025	0.460 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	0.167 ± 0.119	0.224 ± 0.245	0.216 ± 0.100	0.359 ± 0.076	0.764 ± 0.025	0.611 ± 0.011	0.603 ± 0.010	0.327 ± 0.020	0.420 ± 0.025	5	10637	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.445	0.445 ± 0.033	0.456 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	0.281 ± 0.103	0.179 ± 0.170	0.263 ± 0.102	0.334 ± 0.029	0.737 ± 0.040	0.639 ± 0.051	0.573 ± 0.035	0.334 ± 0.023	0.429 ± 0.029	5	10637	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.443	0.443 ± 0.009	0.449 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.351 ± 0.041	0.143 ± 0.083	0.198 ± 0.109	0.306 ± 0.093	0.748 ± 0.014	0.614 ± 0.072	0.552 ± 0.054	0.324 ± 0.007	0.416 ± 0.009	5	10637	56k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.443	0.443 ± 0.006	0.610 ± 0.012	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.044 ± 0.023	0.157 ± 0.023	0.503 ± 0.072	0.278 ± 0.102	0.847 ± 0.039	0.754 ± 0.032	0.858 ± 0.013	0.382 ± 0.009	0.382 ± 0.009	5	68604	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.443	0.443 ± 0.011	0.605 ± 0.020	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.092 ± 0.008	0.144 ± 0.041	0.493 ± 0.043	0.317 ± 0.103	0.849 ± 0.049	0.725 ± 0.074	0.863 ± 0.024	0.387 ± 0.014	0.387 ± 0.014	5	68604	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.441	0.441 ± 0.008	0.601 ± 0.012	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.067 ± 0.048	0.085 ± 0.076	0.402 ± 0.072	0.384 ± 0.089	0.866 ± 0.017	0.806 ± 0.022	0.859 ± 0.013	0.386 ± 0.005	0.386 ± 0.005	5	68604	56k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.440	0.440 ± 0.007	0.441 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.089 ± 0.052	0.489 ± 0.029	0.385 ± 0.048	0.342 ± 0.073	0.664 ± 0.003	0.651 ± 0.003	0.594 ± 0.016	0.357 ± 0.007	0.459 ± 0.010	5	11928	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.438	0.438 ± 0.007	0.592 ± 0.013	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.065 ± 0.016	0.151 ± 0.031	0.332 ± 0.140	0.420 ± 0.113	0.856 ± 0.024	0.815 ± 0.031	0.860 ± 0.015	0.389 ± 0.005	0.389 ± 0.005	5	68604	56k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.438	0.438 ± 0.002	0.570 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.051 ± 0.031	0.087 ± 0.009	0.466 ± 0.035	0.332 ± 0.054	0.868 ± 0.005	0.814 ± 0.004	0.863 ± 0.004	0.387 ± 0.005	0.387 ± 0.005	5	68604	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.437	0.437 ± 0.003	0.436 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.209 ± 0.049	0.384 ± 0.024	0.308 ± 0.079	0.408 ± 0.048	0.671 ± 0.002	0.660 ± 0.007	0.593 ± 0.009	0.359 ± 0.009	0.462 ± 0.011	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.436	0.436 ± 0.001	0.566 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.111 ± 0.004	0.044 ± 0.005	0.411 ± 0.050	0.385 ± 0.058	0.861 ± 0.001	0.807 ± 0.005	0.863 ± 0.001	0.387 ± 0.002	0.387 ± 0.002	5	68604	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.434	0.434 ± 0.027	0.448 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	0.139 ± 0.048	0.251 ± 0.147	0.361 ± 0.099	0.301 ± 0.049	0.756 ± 0.010	0.682 ± 0.028	0.525 ± 0.003	0.335 ± 0.020	0.431 ± 0.026	5	10637	56k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.433	0.433 ± 0.016	0.441 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.159 ± 0.124	0.163 ± 0.177	0.262 ± 0.115	0.341 ± 0.048	0.771 ± 0.028	0.602 ± 0.015	0.535 ± 0.015	0.315 ± 0.016	0.405 ± 0.020	5	11673	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.432	0.432 ± 0.015	0.439 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.104 ± 0.035	0.251 ± 0.043	0.469 ± 0.019	0.216 ± 0.010	0.740 ± 0.004	0.669 ± 0.006	0.544 ± 0.003	0.332 ± 0.010	0.427 ± 0.013	5	11673	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.431	0.431 ± 0.022	0.445 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	0.072 ± 0.078	0.275 ± 0.114	0.276 ± 0.057	0.331 ± 0.042	0.632 ± 0.058	0.594 ± 0.022	0.675 ± 0.052	0.317 ± 0.022	0.408 ± 0.028	5	11928	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.431	0.431 ± 0.014	0.443 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.206 ± 0.128	0.152 ± 0.010	0.360 ± 0.036	0.314 ± 0.053	0.753 ± 0.007	0.666 ± 0.034	0.524 ± 0.006	0.330 ± 0.010	0.425 ± 0.013	5	10637	56k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.430	0.430 ± 0.006	0.432 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.339 ± 0.028	0.092 ± 0.029	0.323 ± 0.018	0.308 ± 0.026	0.770 ± 0.004	0.712 ± 0.002	0.583 ± 0.002	0.347 ± 0.005	0.447 ± 0.007	5	10637	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.429	0.429 ± 0.004	0.428 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.406 ± 0.006	0.172 ± 0.007	0.323 ± 0.050	0.233 ± 0.050	0.730 ± 0.004	0.652 ± 0.005	0.566 ± 0.002	0.343 ± 0.003	0.440 ± 0.003	5	10637	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.428	0.428 ± 0.006	0.434 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.170 ± 0.114	0.342 ± 0.029	0.354 ± 0.038	0.137 ± 0.044	0.739 ± 0.006	0.666 ± 0.006	0.574 ± 0.001	0.331 ± 0.012	0.426 ± 0.015	5	10637	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.425	0.425 ± 0.048	0.440 ± 0.048	n/a	n/a	0.126 ± 0.102	0.226 ± 0.241	0.173 ± 0.099	0.372 ± 0.069	0.721 ± 0.061	0.635 ± 0.029	0.562 ± 0.029	0.313 ± 0.032	0.402 ± 0.041	5	10637	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.424	0.424 ± 0.031	0.431 ± 0.031	n/a	n/a	0.248 ± 0.142	0.139 ± 0.137	0.243 ± 0.104	0.317 ± 0.041	0.739 ± 0.038	0.608 ± 0.020	0.503 ± 0.024	0.311 ± 0.022	0.400 ± 0.028	5	11673	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.418	0.418 ± 0.018	0.430 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.162 ± 0.021	0.366 ± 0.029	0.393 ± 0.073	0.198 ± 0.057	0.630 ± 0.011	0.458 ± 0.049	0.583 ± 0.014	0.310 ± 0.014	0.399 ± 0.018	5	11928	56k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.415	0.415 ± 0.005	0.427 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.083 ± 0.055	0.379 ± 0.035	0.371 ± 0.047	0.252 ± 0.018	0.604 ± 0.029	0.457 ± 0.048	0.583 ± 0.019	0.303 ± 0.006	0.390 ± 0.007	5	11928	56k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.414	0.414 ± 0.011	0.420 ± 0.011	0.209 ± 0.041	0.139 ± 0.084	0.276 ± 0.051	0.118 ± 0.095	0.368 ± 0.078	0.353 ± 0.089	0.711 ± 0.072	0.619 ± 0.034	0.632 ± 0.014	0.381 ± 0.021	0.381 ± 0.021	5	10844	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.411	0.411 ± 0.033	0.420 ± 0.033	n/a	n/a	0.053 ± 0.045	0.221 ± 0.154	0.190 ± 0.130	0.347 ± 0.049	0.738 ± 0.055	0.620 ± 0.015	0.503 ± 0.031	0.297 ± 0.029	0.382 ± 0.037	5	11673	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.409	0.409 ± 0.007	0.416 ± 0.007	0.250 ± 0.115	0.119 ± 0.055	0.164 ± 0.083	0.187 ± 0.091	0.330 ± 0.053	0.370 ± 0.065	0.716 ± 0.034	0.609 ± 0.044	0.618 ± 0.015	0.374 ± 0.005	0.374 ± 0.005	5	10844	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.406	0.406 ± 0.021	0.413 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	0.309 ± 0.076	0.182 ± 0.082	0.288 ± 0.090	0.369 ± 0.063	0.645 ± 0.025	0.443 ± 0.039	0.601 ± 0.044	0.315 ± 0.016	0.405 ± 0.021	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.405	0.405 ± 0.014	0.414 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.168 ± 0.067	0.229 ± 0.025	0.362 ± 0.021	0.234 ± 0.020	0.768 ± 0.003	0.708 ± 0.005	0.587 ± 0.004	0.340 ± 0.009	0.437 ± 0.011	5	10637	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.395	0.395 ± 0.030	0.402 ± 0.031	0.240 ± 0.134	0.161 ± 0.119	0.116 ± 0.071	0.204 ± 0.144	0.299 ± 0.061	0.378 ± 0.026	0.673 ± 0.117	0.577 ± 0.048	0.601 ± 0.023	0.361 ± 0.027	0.361 ± 0.027	5	10844	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.394	0.394 ± 0.014	0.401 ± 0.013	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.189 ± 0.063	0.299 ± 0.034	0.332 ± 0.095	0.393 ± 0.103	0.796 ± 0.042	0.634 ± 0.071	0.589 ± 0.013	0.359 ± 0.012	0.359 ± 0.012	5	10844	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.392	0.392 ± 0.013	0.398 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.323 ± 0.089	0.112 ± 0.099	0.296 ± 0.052	0.382 ± 0.053	0.641 ± 0.017	0.435 ± 0.014	0.563 ± 0.040	0.306 ± 0.015	0.393 ± 0.019	5	11928	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.392	0.392 ± 0.003	0.397 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.246 ± 0.055	0.214 ± 0.097	0.355 ± 0.029	0.424 ± 0.044	0.756 ± 0.023	0.614 ± 0.033	0.603 ± 0.018	0.357 ± 0.010	0.357 ± 0.010	5	10844	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.388	0.388 ± 0.007	0.395 ± 0.007	0.216 ± 0.028	0.102 ± 0.096	0.179 ± 0.080	0.222 ± 0.124	0.315 ± 0.114	0.342 ± 0.070	0.647 ± 0.068	0.562 ± 0.055	0.598 ± 0.028	0.354 ± 0.012	0.354 ± 0.012	5	10844	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.387	0.387 ± 0.009	0.393 ± 0.009	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.209 ± 0.059	0.271 ± 0.066	0.323 ± 0.064	0.379 ± 0.082	0.768 ± 0.018	0.646 ± 0.028	0.584 ± 0.011	0.353 ± 0.010	0.353 ± 0.010	5	10844	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.386	0.386 ± 0.010	0.392 ± 0.010	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.240 ± 0.050	0.238 ± 0.104	0.317 ± 0.038	0.334 ± 0.106	0.776 ± 0.019	0.648 ± 0.064	0.591 ± 0.016	0.349 ± 0.017	0.349 ± 0.017	5	10844	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.383	0.383 ± 0.017	0.391 ± 0.018	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.145 ± 0.044	0.323 ± 0.013	0.390 ± 0.087	0.314 ± 0.048	0.758 ± 0.054	0.586 ± 0.076	0.567 ± 0.019	0.342 ± 0.021	0.342 ± 0.021	5	10844	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.375	0.375 ± 0.018	0.381 ± 0.018	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.256 ± 0.007	0.232 ± 0.037	0.362 ± 0.026	0.349 ± 0.083	0.751 ± 0.051	0.563 ± 0.093	0.578 ± 0.026	0.344 ± 0.021	0.344 ± 0.021	5	10844	510k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.358	0.358 ± 0.010	0.480 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.025 ± 0.033	0.000 ± 0.000	0.037 ± 0.017	0.006 ± 0.010	0.787 ± 0.017	0.409 ± 0.013	0.771 ± 0.031	0.226 ± 0.008	0.291 ± 0.011	5	16980	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.357	0.357 ± 0.007	0.364 ± 0.007	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.188 ± 0.047	0.265 ± 0.032	0.305 ± 0.025	0.305 ± 0.066	0.721 ± 0.027	0.548 ± 0.021	0.563 ± 0.023	0.322 ± 0.007	0.322 ± 0.007	5	10844	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.356	0.356 ± 0.013	0.362 ± 0.011	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.179 ± 0.134	0.187 ± 0.199	0.289 ± 0.058	0.266 ± 0.060	0.718 ± 0.084	0.623 ± 0.062	0.570 ± 0.020	0.315 ± 0.012	0.315 ± 0.012	5	10844	56k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.356	0.356 ± 0.012	0.363 ± 0.011	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.184 ± 0.080	0.255 ± 0.087	0.282 ± 0.052	0.332 ± 0.068	0.699 ± 0.047	0.558 ± 0.074	0.556 ± 0.023	0.318 ± 0.012	0.318 ± 0.012	5	10844	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.348	0.348 ± 0.020	0.353 ± 0.020	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.230 ± 0.020	0.232 ± 0.039	0.250 ± 0.082	0.325 ± 0.052	0.679 ± 0.079	0.618 ± 0.044	0.578 ± 0.027	0.324 ± 0.019	0.324 ± 0.019	5	10844	56k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.346	0.346 ± 0.016	0.457 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	0.042 ± 0.021	0.011 ± 0.030	0.031 ± 0.020	0.002 ± 0.004	0.737 ± 0.052	0.393 ± 0.007	0.755 ± 0.016	0.219 ± 0.010	0.282 ± 0.013	5	16980	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.346	0.346 ± 0.002	0.354 ± 0.002	0.057 ± 0.049	0.178 ± 0.062	0.138 ± 0.068	0.239 ± 0.011	0.337 ± 0.034	0.324 ± 0.032	0.607 ± 0.031	0.483 ± 0.016	0.520 ± 0.014	0.320 ± 0.004	0.320 ± 0.004	5	10844	56k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.345	0.345 ± 0.006	0.353 ± 0.006	0.117 ± 0.062	0.177 ± 0.052	0.156 ± 0.032	0.230 ± 0.063	0.323 ± 0.044	0.305 ± 0.016	0.619 ± 0.040	0.479 ± 0.021	0.520 ± 0.006	0.325 ± 0.007	0.325 ± 0.007	5	10844	56k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.345	0.345 ± 0.005	0.350 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.173 ± 0.073	0.276 ± 0.045	0.291 ± 0.068	0.347 ± 0.069	0.662 ± 0.033	0.537 ± 0.045	0.600 ± 0.008	0.321 ± 0.006	0.321 ± 0.006	5	10844	56k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.344	0.344 ± 0.009	0.352 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.006 ± 0.004	0.241 ± 0.015	0.170 ± 0.045	0.122 ± 0.027	0.629 ± 0.017	0.390 ± 0.017	0.476 ± 0.015	0.226 ± 0.009	0.290 ± 0.012	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.342	0.342 ± 0.015	0.456 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.027 ± 0.035	0.000 ± 0.000	0.026 ± 0.015	0.007 ± 0.015	0.762 ± 0.021	0.385 ± 0.013	0.725 ± 0.033	0.215 ± 0.009	0.276 ± 0.012	5	37620	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.341	0.341 ± 0.019	0.443 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	0.046 ± 0.023	0.014 ± 0.039	0.027 ± 0.021	0.000 ± 0.001	0.726 ± 0.060	0.384 ± 0.009	0.725 ± 0.012	0.214 ± 0.012	0.275 ± 0.016	5	37620	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.339	0.339 ± 0.016	0.344 ± 0.017	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.202 ± 0.115	0.245 ± 0.052	0.295 ± 0.058	0.322 ± 0.036	0.653 ± 0.026	0.515 ± 0.050	0.602 ± 0.017	0.315 ± 0.015	0.315 ± 0.015	5	10844	56k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.327	0.327 ± 0.007	0.332 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.026 ± 0.049	0.242 ± 0.012	0.142 ± 0.031	0.150 ± 0.029	0.643 ± 0.027	0.390 ± 0.013	0.421 ± 0.037	0.224 ± 0.006	0.288 ± 0.007	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.325	0.325 ± 0.003	0.329 ± 0.003	0.199 ± 0.045	0.133 ± 0.019	0.240 ± 0.014	0.155 ± 0.017	0.340 ± 0.015	0.269 ± 0.015	0.608 ± 0.014	0.483 ± 0.012	0.573 ± 0.002	0.333 ± 0.004	0.333 ± 0.004	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.313	0.313 ± 0.009	0.318 ± 0.009	0.215 ± 0.041	0.187 ± 0.025	0.110 ± 0.028	0.184 ± 0.024	0.328 ± 0.003	0.217 ± 0.007	0.614 ± 0.018	0.454 ± 0.009	0.576 ± 0.002	0.321 ± 0.007	0.321 ± 0.007	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.297	0.297 ± 0.011	0.304 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.045 ± 0.039	0.002 ± 0.005	0.002 ± 0.003	0.001 ± 0.001	0.710 ± 0.010	0.355 ± 0.026	0.376 ± 0.016	0.166 ± 0.008	0.213 ± 0.011	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.290	0.290 ± 0.007	0.294 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.145 ± 0.076	0.240 ± 0.026	0.309 ± 0.034	0.231 ± 0.033	0.615 ± 0.015	0.492 ± 0.008	0.583 ± 0.015	0.291 ± 0.008	0.291 ± 0.008	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.290	0.290 ± 0.004	0.291 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.271 ± 0.011	0.153 ± 0.010	0.257 ± 0.036	0.248 ± 0.034	0.603 ± 0.013	0.486 ± 0.008	0.584 ± 0.002	0.289 ± 0.004	0.289 ± 0.004	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.282	0.282 ± 0.009	0.288 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.075 ± 0.035	0.017 ± 0.030	0.001 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.001	0.644 ± 0.032	0.337 ± 0.016	0.369 ± 0.008	0.160 ± 0.005	0.206 ± 0.007	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.275	0.275 ± 0.010	0.287 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.062 ± 0.054	0.004 ± 0.011	0.014 ± 0.009	0.005 ± 0.008	0.666 ± 0.019	0.347 ± 0.018	0.377 ± 0.015	0.164 ± 0.009	0.211 ± 0.012	5	10637	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.270	0.270 ± 0.008	0.450 ± 0.015	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.013 ± 0.012	0.000 ± 0.001	0.074 ± 0.018	0.016 ± 0.017	0.789 ± 0.018	0.405 ± 0.014	0.676 ± 0.025	0.219 ± 0.009	0.219 ± 0.009	5	68604	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.268	0.268 ± 0.012	0.277 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.092 ± 0.049	0.021 ± 0.037	0.010 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.000	0.618 ± 0.064	0.352 ± 0.011	0.370 ± 0.005	0.162 ± 0.010	0.209 ± 0.013	5	10637	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.262	0.262 ± 0.009	0.430 ± 0.019	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.027 ± 0.014	0.005 ± 0.008	0.069 ± 0.012	0.008 ± 0.007	0.734 ± 0.056	0.401 ± 0.012	0.661 ± 0.015	0.212 ± 0.009	0.212 ± 0.009	5	68604	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.209	0.209 ± 0.007	0.217 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.038 ± 0.033	0.000 ± 0.001	0.046 ± 0.017	0.015 ± 0.020	0.645 ± 0.017	0.261 ± 0.012	0.294 ± 0.015	0.144 ± 0.006	0.144 ± 0.006	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.198	0.198 ± 0.009	0.205 ± 0.009	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.076 ± 0.039	0.008 ± 0.014	0.039 ± 0.012	0.006 ± 0.009	0.591 ± 0.056	0.257 ± 0.016	0.273 ± 0.007	0.139 ± 0.008	0.139 ± 0.008	5	10844	3.1M	—
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.195 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.326 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.036 ± 0.000	0.047 ± 0.000	5	16980	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.153 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.265 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.029 ± 0.000	0.038 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.195 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.327 ± 0.000	0.036 ± 0.000	0.047 ± 0.000	5	149780	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.155 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.269 ± 0.000	0.030 ± 0.000	0.038 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.195 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.327 ± 0.000	0.036 ± 0.000	0.047 ± 0.000	5	37620	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.155 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.268 ± 0.000	0.030 ± 0.000	0.038 ± 0.000	5	10637	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.111	0.111 ± 0.000	0.187 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.315 ± 0.000	0.035 ± 0.000	0.035 ± 0.000	5	68604	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.111	0.111 ± 0.000	0.121 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.215 ± 0.000	0.024 ± 0.000	0.024 ± 0.000	5	10844	—	0s

fault_classification_local

fault_classification_local — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	f1_flt_1phg_hif	f1_flt_1phg_hif_w_arc	f1_flt_1phg_incipient	f1_flt_1phg_incipient_w_arc	f1_flt_1phg_shc	f1_flt_1phg_shc_w_arc	f1_flt_2ph_shc	f1_flt_2phg_shc	f1_flt_3ph_shc	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.896	0.896 ± 0.045	0.979 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.683 ± 0.153	0.620 ± 0.121	0.970 ± 0.022	0.971 ± 0.021	0.999 ± 0.001	0.999 ± 0.000	0.998 ± 0.002	0.693 ± 0.034	0.892 ± 0.044	5	16980	507k	7.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.889	0.889 ± 0.025	0.980 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.697 ± 0.070	0.527 ± 0.141	0.975 ± 0.016	0.978 ± 0.014	0.993 ± 0.003	0.996 ± 0.003	1.000 ± 0.000	0.685 ± 0.021	0.881 ± 0.026	5	16980	507k	6.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.031	0.969 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.623 ± 0.189	0.588 ± 0.078	0.952 ± 0.030	0.953 ± 0.033	0.991 ± 0.002	0.996 ± 0.002	0.998 ± 0.001	0.678 ± 0.026	0.872 ± 0.034	5	16980	507k	12.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.025	0.974 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.614 ± 0.154	0.533 ± 0.104	0.964 ± 0.028	0.967 ± 0.031	0.992 ± 0.003	0.996 ± 0.001	0.999 ± 0.001	0.674 ± 0.017	0.866 ± 0.021	5	16980	507k	6.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.872	0.872 ± 0.016	0.974 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.637 ± 0.055	0.510 ± 0.083	0.963 ± 0.023	0.966 ± 0.024	0.993 ± 0.003	0.996 ± 0.002	0.999 ± 0.001	0.674 ± 0.013	0.866 ± 0.017	5	16980	507k	6.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.016	0.972 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.600 ± 0.143	0.510 ± 0.086	0.963 ± 0.015	0.966 ± 0.016	0.991 ± 0.008	0.993 ± 0.004	0.999 ± 0.001	0.669 ± 0.013	0.860 ± 0.017	5	16980	507k	6.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.011	0.861 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.602 ± 0.050	0.623 ± 0.029	0.952 ± 0.005	0.954 ± 0.005	0.968 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.000	0.959 ± 0.003	0.670 ± 0.008	0.861 ± 0.011	5	11673	507k	6.8m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.007	0.862 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.551 ± 0.075	0.636 ± 0.014	0.957 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.001	0.668 ± 0.008	0.859 ± 0.010	5	11673	507k	7.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.039	0.963 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.428 ± 0.285	0.596 ± 0.043	0.945 ± 0.034	0.947 ± 0.037	0.988 ± 0.006	0.994 ± 0.006	0.999 ± 0.001	0.655 ± 0.037	0.842 ± 0.048	5	16980	507k	6.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.007	0.861 ± 0.007	—	—	0.618 ± 0.032	0.605 ± 0.020	0.952 ± 0.006	0.951 ± 0.005	0.967 ± 0.004	0.968 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.004	0.669 ± 0.005	0.860 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.009	0.859 ± 0.008	—	—	0.570 ± 0.081	0.601 ± 0.030	0.958 ± 0.003	0.956 ± 0.002	0.970 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.000	0.970 ± 0.000	0.666 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.018	0.857 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	0.559 ± 0.080	0.628 ± 0.041	0.949 ± 0.009	0.951 ± 0.009	0.969 ± 0.000	0.968 ± 0.003	0.959 ± 0.004	0.665 ± 0.014	0.855 ± 0.018	5	11673	507k	6.9m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.007	0.965 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.569 ± 0.091	0.318 ± 0.162	0.949 ± 0.017	0.948 ± 0.014	0.999 ± 0.001	0.997 ± 0.002	0.997 ± 0.001	0.642 ± 0.011	0.825 ± 0.015	5	37620	507k	6.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.020	0.854 ± 0.019	—	—	0.576 ± 0.086	0.598 ± 0.043	0.948 ± 0.010	0.948 ± 0.008	0.968 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.003	0.663 ± 0.015	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.010	0.853 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.552 ± 0.080	0.610 ± 0.014	0.949 ± 0.005	0.950 ± 0.005	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.002	0.662 ± 0.009	0.851 ± 0.012	5	11673	507k	6.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.846	0.846 ± 0.015	0.853 ± 0.014	—	—	0.591 ± 0.071	0.586 ± 0.028	0.945 ± 0.008	0.945 ± 0.007	0.969 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.000	0.663 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.845	0.845 ± 0.012	0.852 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.558 ± 0.065	0.606 ± 0.022	0.947 ± 0.010	0.949 ± 0.009	0.968 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.000	0.662 ± 0.010	0.851 ± 0.013	5	11673	507k	12.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.844	0.844 ± 0.011	0.852 ± 0.010	—	—	0.566 ± 0.065	0.591 ± 0.023	0.949 ± 0.005	0.948 ± 0.004	0.967 ± 0.004	0.968 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.002	0.661 ± 0.009	0.850 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.843	0.843 ± 0.013	0.850 ± 0.012	—	—	0.567 ± 0.061	0.581 ± 0.029	0.949 ± 0.008	0.949 ± 0.007	0.969 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.001	0.660 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.842	0.842 ± 0.011	0.849 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.538 ± 0.083	0.596 ± 0.016	0.950 ± 0.004	0.951 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.002	0.659 ± 0.010	0.848 ± 0.013	5	11673	507k	6.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.842	0.842 ± 0.006	0.967 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.513 ± 0.072	0.299 ± 0.127	0.971 ± 0.011	0.972 ± 0.010	0.996 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.003	0.981 ± 0.002	0.636 ± 0.009	0.818 ± 0.011	5	37620	507k	5.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.006	0.966 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.499 ± 0.041	0.320 ± 0.070	0.969 ± 0.004	0.970 ± 0.003	0.996 ± 0.002	0.994 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.005	0.637 ± 0.005	0.819 ± 0.007	5	37620	507k	6.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.838	0.838 ± 0.005	0.967 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.494 ± 0.079	0.301 ± 0.134	0.970 ± 0.008	0.972 ± 0.008	0.995 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.003	0.634 ± 0.009	0.816 ± 0.012	5	37620	507k	5.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.838	0.838 ± 0.009	0.965 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.482 ± 0.045	0.307 ± 0.089	0.968 ± 0.016	0.970 ± 0.016	0.995 ± 0.002	0.993 ± 0.003	0.981 ± 0.004	0.633 ± 0.008	0.814 ± 0.010	5	37620	507k	7.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.838	0.838 ± 0.005	0.964 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.506 ± 0.033	0.282 ± 0.072	0.963 ± 0.008	0.965 ± 0.007	0.996 ± 0.002	0.993 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.002	0.632 ± 0.005	0.812 ± 0.007	5	37620	507k	6.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.833	0.833 ± 0.017	0.840 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.500 ± 0.072	0.583 ± 0.031	0.943 ± 0.012	0.944 ± 0.012	0.969 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.002	0.652 ± 0.014	0.838 ± 0.018	5	11673	507k	6.3m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.831	0.831 ± 0.013	0.839 ± 0.011	—	—	0.524 ± 0.055	0.557 ± 0.032	0.943 ± 0.009	0.938 ± 0.008	0.968 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.002	0.652 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.023	0.837 ± 0.021	—	—	0.519 ± 0.082	0.551 ± 0.045	0.940 ± 0.015	0.942 ± 0.015	0.969 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.001	0.650 ± 0.017	0.836 ± 0.022	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.828	0.828 ± 0.018	0.953 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	0.486 ± 0.068	0.307 ± 0.091	0.937 ± 0.046	0.943 ± 0.039	0.994 ± 0.003	0.991 ± 0.006	0.979 ± 0.005	0.626 ± 0.013	0.805 ± 0.017	5	37620	507k	5.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.828	0.828 ± 0.007	0.834 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.538 ± 0.011	0.576 ± 0.022	0.929 ± 0.006	0.924 ± 0.005	0.969 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.933 ± 0.007	0.648 ± 0.005	0.834 ± 0.006	5	10637	507k	5.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.826	0.826 ± 0.011	0.832 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.553 ± 0.029	0.556 ± 0.028	0.922 ± 0.012	0.919 ± 0.008	0.969 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.933 ± 0.004	0.647 ± 0.008	0.831 ± 0.010	5	10637	507k	6.1m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.825	0.825 ± 0.006	0.834 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.497 ± 0.028	0.568 ± 0.023	0.929 ± 0.012	0.928 ± 0.010	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.000	0.968 ± 0.001	0.647 ± 0.004	0.832 ± 0.005	5	10637	507k	6.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.825	0.825 ± 0.006	0.832 ± 0.005	—	—	0.527 ± 0.018	0.567 ± 0.036	0.934 ± 0.008	0.930 ± 0.006	0.967 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	0.924 ± 0.012	0.646 ± 0.004	0.831 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.824	0.824 ± 0.013	0.832 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.525 ± 0.037	0.574 ± 0.060	0.926 ± 0.010	0.921 ± 0.010	0.968 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.931 ± 0.008	0.646 ± 0.010	0.830 ± 0.013	5	10637	507k	5.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.823	0.823 ± 0.012	0.830 ± 0.011	—	—	0.550 ± 0.025	0.527 ± 0.053	0.935 ± 0.009	0.929 ± 0.008	0.966 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.003	0.921 ± 0.008	0.644 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.822	0.822 ± 0.011	0.830 ± 0.010	—	—	0.513 ± 0.027	0.558 ± 0.063	0.937 ± 0.002	0.931 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.003	0.922 ± 0.008	0.644 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.822	0.822 ± 0.018	0.830 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.500 ± 0.075	0.583 ± 0.040	0.925 ± 0.006	0.921 ± 0.008	0.969 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	0.932 ± 0.008	0.644 ± 0.014	0.828 ± 0.017	5	10637	507k	6.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.821	0.821 ± 0.011	0.828 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.534 ± 0.019	0.555 ± 0.042	0.921 ± 0.012	0.915 ± 0.012	0.969 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	0.932 ± 0.006	0.644 ± 0.009	0.827 ± 0.011	5	10637	507k	7.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.819	0.819 ± 0.012	0.828 ± 0.010	—	—	0.478 ± 0.069	0.572 ± 0.011	0.933 ± 0.010	0.928 ± 0.008	0.968 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.922 ± 0.008	0.641 ± 0.010	0.824 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.814	0.814 ± 0.010	0.822 ± 0.010	—	—	0.498 ± 0.030	0.525 ± 0.044	0.933 ± 0.019	0.928 ± 0.014	0.967 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.003	0.921 ± 0.004	0.638 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.812	0.812 ± 0.010	0.923 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.250 ± 0.140	0.618 ± 0.018	0.838 ± 0.048	0.840 ± 0.044	0.999 ± 0.002	0.997 ± 0.000	0.998 ± 0.001	0.616 ± 0.012	0.791 ± 0.015	5	16980	50k	2.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.806	0.806 ± 0.018	0.814 ± 0.017	—	—	0.476 ± 0.055	0.535 ± 0.055	0.914 ± 0.023	0.912 ± 0.019	0.965 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.003	0.914 ± 0.013	0.631 ± 0.014	0.812 ± 0.018	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.803	0.803 ± 0.021	0.811 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	0.475 ± 0.059	0.531 ± 0.069	0.899 ± 0.033	0.896 ± 0.029	0.969 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.002	0.925 ± 0.011	0.629 ± 0.016	0.809 ± 0.021	5	10637	507k	5.2m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.795	0.795 ± 0.012	0.803 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.380 ± 0.020	0.565 ± 0.011	0.859 ± 0.040	0.863 ± 0.038	0.969 ± 0.000	0.968 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.000	0.619 ± 0.010	0.796 ± 0.013	5	11673	50k	2.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.794	0.794 ± 0.037	0.897 ± 0.042	n/a	n/a	0.299 ± 0.080	0.610 ± 0.023	0.776 ± 0.107	0.780 ± 0.104	0.990 ± 0.005	0.993 ± 0.003	0.999 ± 0.001	0.605 ± 0.031	0.778 ± 0.039	5	16980	50k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.781	0.781 ± 0.018	0.880 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.222 ± 0.190	0.616 ± 0.049	0.738 ± 0.045	0.732 ± 0.065	0.991 ± 0.003	0.994 ± 0.003	0.999 ± 0.001	0.588 ± 0.024	0.756 ± 0.031	5	16980	50k	1.6m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.777	0.777 ± 0.017	0.787 ± 0.017	—	—	0.346 ± 0.049	0.509 ± 0.015	0.847 ± 0.054	0.855 ± 0.046	0.970 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.002	0.607 ± 0.014	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.764	0.764 ± 0.033	0.772 ± 0.033	—	—	0.426 ± 0.012	0.508 ± 0.028	0.765 ± 0.105	0.790 ± 0.087	0.969 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.000	0.599 ± 0.025	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.762	0.762 ± 0.026	0.857 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	0.148 ± 0.189	0.633 ± 0.055	0.691 ± 0.059	0.660 ± 0.133	0.987 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.004	0.999 ± 0.001	0.568 ± 0.032	0.730 ± 0.041	5	16980	50k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.761	0.761 ± 0.036	0.768 ± 0.036	n/a	n/a	0.373 ± 0.014	0.545 ± 0.024	0.754 ± 0.110	0.769 ± 0.097	0.969 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	0.593 ± 0.027	0.763 ± 0.034	5	11673	50k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.758	0.758 ± 0.031	0.846 ± 0.028	n/a	n/a	0.258 ± 0.221	0.612 ± 0.084	0.658 ± 0.059	0.630 ± 0.080	0.991 ± 0.002	0.995 ± 0.002	0.999 ± 0.001	0.571 ± 0.030	0.735 ± 0.039	5	16980	50k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.758	0.758 ± 0.031	0.862 ± 0.038	n/a	n/a	0.507 ± 0.008	0.152 ± 0.079	0.714 ± 0.097	0.712 ± 0.098	0.992 ± 0.002	0.989 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.002	0.560 ± 0.030	0.720 ± 0.039	5	37620	50k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.752	0.752 ± 0.017	0.760 ± 0.018	—	—	0.380 ± 0.040	0.522 ± 0.029	0.728 ± 0.059	0.756 ± 0.050	0.968 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.001	0.587 ± 0.013	0.755 ± 0.017	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.751	0.751 ± 0.024	0.759 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	0.359 ± 0.032	0.559 ± 0.026	0.709 ± 0.068	0.728 ± 0.063	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.000	0.584 ± 0.019	0.751 ± 0.024	5	11673	50k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.747	0.747 ± 0.013	0.850 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.498 ± 0.026	0.158 ± 0.090	0.683 ± 0.043	0.675 ± 0.053	0.994 ± 0.002	0.990 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.004	0.552 ± 0.010	0.710 ± 0.013	5	37620	50k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.736	0.736 ± 0.025	0.820 ± 0.034	n/a	n/a	0.321 ± 0.066	0.480 ± 0.043	0.644 ± 0.076	0.651 ± 0.087	0.969 ± 0.004	0.927 ± 0.009	0.972 ± 0.010	0.552 ± 0.026	0.709 ± 0.033	5	149780	50k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.736	0.736 ± 0.006	0.835 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.493 ± 0.015	0.201 ± 0.038	0.652 ± 0.032	0.628 ± 0.036	0.994 ± 0.001	0.989 ± 0.005	0.976 ± 0.003	0.548 ± 0.005	0.705 ± 0.006	5	37620	50k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.734	0.734 ± 0.008	0.832 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.495 ± 0.008	0.177 ± 0.051	0.643 ± 0.021	0.627 ± 0.031	0.993 ± 0.001	0.989 ± 0.004	0.973 ± 0.004	0.544 ± 0.009	0.700 ± 0.011	5	37620	50k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.734	0.734 ± 0.017	0.741 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.346 ± 0.043	0.555 ± 0.015	0.665 ± 0.038	0.663 ± 0.080	0.969 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.000	0.570 ± 0.016	0.732 ± 0.021	5	11673	50k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.733	0.733 ± 0.024	0.740 ± 0.025	—	—	0.382 ± 0.059	0.514 ± 0.023	0.670 ± 0.067	0.686 ± 0.093	0.968 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.000	0.572 ± 0.020	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.728	0.728 ± 0.009	0.824 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.474 ± 0.028	0.245 ± 0.059	0.625 ± 0.035	0.602 ± 0.033	0.993 ± 0.001	0.988 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.003	0.545 ± 0.007	0.700 ± 0.009	5	37620	50k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.728	0.728 ± 0.010	0.811 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.231 ± 0.163	0.604 ± 0.056	0.607 ± 0.011	0.492 ± 0.077	0.987 ± 0.002	0.993 ± 0.002	0.998 ± 0.002	0.546 ± 0.020	0.702 ± 0.026	5	16980	50k	1.5m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.727	0.727 ± 0.004	0.810 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.505 ± 0.031	0.279 ± 0.070	0.607 ± 0.005	0.502 ± 0.041	0.996 ± 0.002	0.992 ± 0.002	0.993 ± 0.003	0.542 ± 0.008	0.697 ± 0.010	5	37620	50k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.727	0.727 ± 0.019	0.734 ± 0.019	—	—	0.405 ± 0.074	0.499 ± 0.057	0.641 ± 0.051	0.672 ± 0.045	0.968 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.000	0.568 ± 0.014	0.731 ± 0.019	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.727	0.727 ± 0.027	0.732 ± 0.028	—	—	0.493 ± 0.017	0.365 ± 0.062	0.687 ± 0.089	0.700 ± 0.083	0.965 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.002	0.917 ± 0.002	0.565 ± 0.024	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.725	0.725 ± 0.013	0.820 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.495 ± 0.036	0.176 ± 0.078	0.630 ± 0.038	0.580 ± 0.053	0.993 ± 0.002	0.987 ± 0.004	0.972 ± 0.002	0.537 ± 0.009	0.691 ± 0.012	5	37620	50k	2.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.724	0.724 ± 0.020	0.731 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	0.369 ± 0.042	0.539 ± 0.039	0.631 ± 0.050	0.639 ± 0.067	0.969 ± 0.000	0.968 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	0.564 ± 0.014	0.725 ± 0.018	5	11673	50k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.723	0.723 ± 0.007	0.804 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.216 ± 0.157	0.610 ± 0.047	0.588 ± 0.040	0.486 ± 0.039	0.987 ± 0.005	0.991 ± 0.007	0.997 ± 0.002	0.542 ± 0.017	0.696 ± 0.022	5	16980	50k	3.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.722	0.722 ± 0.029	0.728 ± 0.031	n/a	n/a	0.465 ± 0.034	0.345 ± 0.089	0.691 ± 0.100	0.693 ± 0.098	0.968 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.002	0.921 ± 0.003	0.561 ± 0.028	0.721 ± 0.036	5	10637	50k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.719	0.719 ± 0.010	0.725 ± 0.009	—	—	0.483 ± 0.019	0.384 ± 0.023	0.661 ± 0.032	0.677 ± 0.028	0.966 ± 0.004	0.962 ± 0.004	0.918 ± 0.003	0.561 ± 0.007	0.721 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.716	0.716 ± 0.023	0.724 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	0.409 ± 0.024	0.560 ± 0.012	0.597 ± 0.067	0.633 ± 0.078	0.960 ± 0.006	0.935 ± 0.008	0.940 ± 0.013	0.559 ± 0.018	0.719 ± 0.023	5	11928	50k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.714	0.714 ± 0.006	0.720 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.456 ± 0.016	0.359 ± 0.035	0.671 ± 0.025	0.668 ± 0.029	0.968 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.002	0.922 ± 0.003	0.557 ± 0.005	0.716 ± 0.007	5	10637	50k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.713	0.713 ± 0.026	0.721 ± 0.027	—	—	0.406 ± 0.022	0.529 ± 0.028	0.594 ± 0.072	0.663 ± 0.068	0.955 ± 0.006	0.938 ± 0.005	0.940 ± 0.012	0.558 ± 0.019	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.711	0.711 ± 0.000	0.788 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.148 ± 0.140	0.600 ± 0.035	0.505 ± 0.017	0.498 ± 0.019	0.996 ± 0.000	0.995 ± 0.001	0.994 ± 0.001	0.526 ± 0.012	0.677 ± 0.015	5	149780	1.6M	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.711	0.711 ± 0.042	0.788 ± 0.054	n/a	n/a	0.284 ± 0.103	0.439 ± 0.092	0.591 ± 0.093	0.571 ± 0.112	0.971 ± 0.006	0.922 ± 0.012	0.955 ± 0.039	0.526 ± 0.046	0.676 ± 0.060	5	149780	50k	1.5m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.710	0.710 ± 0.002	0.786 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.316 ± 0.202	0.476 ± 0.196	0.543 ± 0.022	0.448 ± 0.024	0.995 ± 0.002	0.988 ± 0.002	0.996 ± 0.003	0.529 ± 0.007	0.680 ± 0.009	5	16980	53k	1.9m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.709	0.709 ± 0.002	0.786 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.371 ± 0.139	0.451 ± 0.079	0.518 ± 0.072	0.480 ± 0.079	0.993 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.005	0.994 ± 0.003	0.532 ± 0.007	0.684 ± 0.009	5	37620	53k	1.8m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.709	0.709 ± 0.002	0.784 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.187 ± 0.194	0.524 ± 0.130	0.563 ± 0.028	0.431 ± 0.039	0.994 ± 0.001	0.984 ± 0.005	0.992 ± 0.001	0.519 ± 0.009	0.668 ± 0.012	5	149780	50k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.708	0.708 ± 0.004	0.783 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.344 ± 0.144	0.548 ± 0.067	0.558 ± 0.025	0.425 ± 0.036	0.983 ± 0.005	0.977 ± 0.009	0.997 ± 0.002	0.537 ± 0.010	0.690 ± 0.013	5	16980	53k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.707	0.707 ± 0.011	0.713 ± 0.011	—	—	0.490 ± 0.018	0.366 ± 0.028	0.626 ± 0.044	0.631 ± 0.025	0.965 ± 0.003	0.959 ± 0.004	0.917 ± 0.003	0.551 ± 0.008	0.708 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.706	0.706 ± 0.015	0.711 ± 0.014	—	—	0.489 ± 0.023	0.365 ± 0.039	0.618 ± 0.046	0.628 ± 0.033	0.966 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	0.917 ± 0.002	0.549 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.706	0.706 ± 0.001	0.781 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.295 ± 0.215	0.552 ± 0.066	0.529 ± 0.047	0.451 ± 0.052	0.983 ± 0.005	0.975 ± 0.002	0.996 ± 0.003	0.531 ± 0.016	0.683 ± 0.021	5	16980	53k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.705	0.705 ± 0.004	0.780 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.231 ± 0.197	0.582 ± 0.054	0.552 ± 0.033	0.426 ± 0.046	0.981 ± 0.009	0.971 ± 0.009	0.994 ± 0.002	0.526 ± 0.017	0.677 ± 0.022	5	16980	53k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.705	0.705 ± 0.002	0.780 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.390 ± 0.014	0.434 ± 0.004	0.556 ± 0.008	0.449 ± 0.013	0.983 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.004	0.984 ± 0.001	0.530 ± 0.002	0.682 ± 0.003	5	16980	1.6M	37s
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.705	0.705 ± 0.001	0.780 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.435 ± 0.087	0.299 ± 0.115	0.471 ± 0.020	0.524 ± 0.016	0.995 ± 0.001	0.986 ± 0.002	0.985 ± 0.002	0.522 ± 0.005	0.671 ± 0.006	5	37620	1.6M	51s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.705	0.705 ± 0.004	0.779 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.386 ± 0.097	0.514 ± 0.108	0.541 ± 0.023	0.440 ± 0.027	0.979 ± 0.008	0.966 ± 0.011	0.995 ± 0.002	0.536 ± 0.005	0.689 ± 0.007	5	16980	53k	2.7m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.704	0.704 ± 0.008	0.781 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.219 ± 0.200	0.462 ± 0.315	0.588 ± 0.026	0.368 ± 0.092	0.988 ± 0.008	0.978 ± 0.010	0.990 ± 0.008	0.510 ± 0.024	0.656 ± 0.031	5	149780	507k	3.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.704	0.704 ± 0.001	0.779 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.370 ± 0.017	0.442 ± 0.006	0.548 ± 0.017	0.454 ± 0.028	0.975 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.002	0.986 ± 0.001	0.528 ± 0.003	0.679 ± 0.003	5	16980	1.6M	39s
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.704	0.704 ± 0.001	0.778 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.249 ± 0.175	0.426 ± 0.052	0.511 ± 0.013	0.493 ± 0.014	0.994 ± 0.000	0.981 ± 0.001	0.987 ± 0.002	0.516 ± 0.014	0.663 ± 0.018	5	16980	1.6M	55s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.704	0.704 ± 0.001	0.778 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.375 ± 0.011	0.430 ± 0.007	0.552 ± 0.020	0.450 ± 0.019	0.982 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.001	0.527 ± 0.001	0.678 ± 0.002	5	16980	1.6M	36s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.704	0.704 ± 0.013	0.709 ± 0.013	—	—	0.489 ± 0.013	0.415 ± 0.053	0.599 ± 0.037	0.601 ± 0.033	0.965 ± 0.001	0.958 ± 0.003	0.915 ± 0.002	0.549 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.703	0.703 ± 0.007	0.710 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.316 ± 0.063	0.549 ± 0.033	0.588 ± 0.012	0.547 ± 0.063	0.969 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	0.544 ± 0.011	0.700 ± 0.014	5	11673	50k	1.5m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.703	0.703 ± 0.003	0.777 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.064 ± 0.043	0.586 ± 0.006	0.508 ± 0.067	0.472 ± 0.064	0.988 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.003	0.991 ± 0.002	0.509 ± 0.005	0.655 ± 0.006	5	149780	53k	2.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.703	0.703 ± 0.001	0.778 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.371 ± 0.010	0.436 ± 0.009	0.553 ± 0.012	0.443 ± 0.023	0.975 ± 0.001	0.976 ± 0.003	0.984 ± 0.002	0.527 ± 0.002	0.677 ± 0.003	5	16980	1.6M	38s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.703	0.703 ± 0.003	0.777 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.148 ± 0.171	0.600 ± 0.074	0.536 ± 0.040	0.435 ± 0.057	0.974 ± 0.006	0.972 ± 0.003	0.997 ± 0.002	0.518 ± 0.012	0.666 ± 0.016	5	16980	53k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.703	0.703 ± 0.015	0.708 ± 0.014	—	—	0.485 ± 0.028	0.419 ± 0.028	0.589 ± 0.045	0.606 ± 0.031	0.965 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.003	0.915 ± 0.003	0.549 ± 0.011	0.705 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.702	0.702 ± 0.005	0.776 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.220 ± 0.092	0.585 ± 0.031	0.547 ± 0.025	0.430 ± 0.036	0.970 ± 0.007	0.963 ± 0.011	0.998 ± 0.001	0.524 ± 0.006	0.673 ± 0.008	5	16980	53k	1.6m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.701	0.701 ± 0.011	0.918 ± 0.008	0.377 ± 0.037	0.481 ± 0.065	0.326 ± 0.035	0.297 ± 0.042	0.905 ± 0.014	0.906 ± 0.019	0.993 ± 0.005	0.988 ± 0.003	0.990 ± 0.005	0.696 ± 0.012	0.696 ± 0.012	5	68604	507k	6.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.700	0.700 ± 0.002	0.773 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.374 ± 0.006	0.437 ± 0.009	0.550 ± 0.025	0.446 ± 0.047	0.980 ± 0.002	0.957 ± 0.005	0.982 ± 0.001	0.525 ± 0.003	0.675 ± 0.004	5	16980	1.6M	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.700	0.700 ± 0.002	0.773 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.382 ± 0.022	0.431 ± 0.010	0.550 ± 0.015	0.446 ± 0.026	0.980 ± 0.004	0.958 ± 0.008	0.981 ± 0.001	0.525 ± 0.002	0.675 ± 0.003	5	16980	1.6M	37s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.699	0.699 ± 0.014	0.705 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.466 ± 0.012	0.339 ± 0.042	0.621 ± 0.054	0.611 ± 0.040	0.968 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.003	0.919 ± 0.002	0.543 ± 0.012	0.698 ± 0.015	5	10637	50k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.699	0.699 ± 0.009	0.705 ± 0.010	—	—	0.371 ± 0.067	0.509 ± 0.047	0.566 ± 0.017	0.558 ± 0.063	0.969 ± 0.000	0.965 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.001	0.544 ± 0.010	0.700 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.698	0.698 ± 0.036	0.705 ± 0.038	n/a	n/a	0.403 ± 0.026	0.561 ± 0.013	0.552 ± 0.091	0.577 ± 0.099	0.959 ± 0.006	0.934 ± 0.010	0.920 ± 0.055	0.545 ± 0.028	0.701 ± 0.036	5	11928	50k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.698	0.698 ± 0.010	0.704 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.280 ± 0.074	0.559 ± 0.031	0.562 ± 0.054	0.538 ± 0.023	0.969 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.002	0.537 ± 0.011	0.691 ± 0.014	5	11673	50k	3.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.697	0.697 ± 0.012	0.704 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.443 ± 0.023	0.403 ± 0.054	0.608 ± 0.046	0.592 ± 0.037	0.968 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.002	0.920 ± 0.003	0.544 ± 0.010	0.700 ± 0.013	5	10637	50k	2.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.697	0.697 ± 0.007	0.703 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.448 ± 0.014	0.333 ± 0.041	0.627 ± 0.041	0.620 ± 0.030	0.969 ± 0.000	0.965 ± 0.002	0.919 ± 0.002	0.542 ± 0.004	0.697 ± 0.005	5	10637	50k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.694	0.694 ± 0.037	0.702 ± 0.039	—	—	0.377 ± 0.051	0.525 ± 0.022	0.561 ± 0.093	0.616 ± 0.089	0.951 ± 0.008	0.934 ± 0.012	0.923 ± 0.041	0.543 ± 0.030	0.698 ± 0.038	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.694	0.694 ± 0.001	0.777 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.455 ± 0.039	0.170 ± 0.069	0.580 ± 0.014	0.413 ± 0.029	0.990 ± 0.003	0.987 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.002	0.506 ± 0.007	0.651 ± 0.008	5	37620	1.6M	34s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.694	0.694 ± 0.012	0.701 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.435 ± 0.027	0.404 ± 0.023	0.594 ± 0.044	0.600 ± 0.022	0.968 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.002	0.919 ± 0.003	0.542 ± 0.008	0.697 ± 0.011	5	10637	50k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.693	0.693 ± 0.001	0.776 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.478 ± 0.049	0.105 ± 0.112	0.571 ± 0.033	0.420 ± 0.063	0.991 ± 0.002	0.986 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.002	0.501 ± 0.010	0.645 ± 0.013	5	37620	1.6M	33s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.693	0.693 ± 0.008	0.699 ± 0.008	—	—	0.321 ± 0.112	0.529 ± 0.038	0.534 ± 0.053	0.554 ± 0.034	0.968 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.005	0.962 ± 0.001	0.537 ± 0.012	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.693	0.693 ± 0.028	0.763 ± 0.039	n/a	n/a	0.240 ± 0.092	0.414 ± 0.103	0.547 ± 0.045	0.513 ± 0.071	0.972 ± 0.007	0.919 ± 0.014	0.944 ± 0.062	0.505 ± 0.037	0.650 ± 0.048	5	149780	50k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.691	0.691 ± 0.000	0.773 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.378 ± 0.016	0.294 ± 0.035	0.548 ± 0.015	0.451 ± 0.023	0.986 ± 0.002	0.985 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.003	0.511 ± 0.002	0.657 ± 0.003	5	37620	1.6M	34s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.691	0.691 ± 0.003	0.773 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.475 ± 0.053	0.122 ± 0.170	0.530 ± 0.057	0.472 ± 0.081	0.980 ± 0.003	0.971 ± 0.005	0.965 ± 0.005	0.502 ± 0.018	0.645 ± 0.024	5	37620	53k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.690	0.690 ± 0.005	0.772 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.489 ± 0.028	0.184 ± 0.132	0.479 ± 0.069	0.506 ± 0.062	0.986 ± 0.004	0.978 ± 0.012	0.964 ± 0.015	0.510 ± 0.014	0.655 ± 0.018	5	37620	53k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.690	0.690 ± 0.002	0.772 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.375 ± 0.033	0.280 ± 0.072	0.547 ± 0.024	0.446 ± 0.033	0.985 ± 0.003	0.984 ± 0.004	0.959 ± 0.003	0.508 ± 0.005	0.654 ± 0.006	5	37620	1.6M	33s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.690	0.690 ± 0.003	0.772 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.478 ± 0.035	0.172 ± 0.061	0.529 ± 0.051	0.459 ± 0.062	0.984 ± 0.004	0.977 ± 0.009	0.963 ± 0.006	0.507 ± 0.009	0.652 ± 0.011	5	37620	53k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.689	0.689 ± 0.001	0.771 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.439 ± 0.024	0.190 ± 0.048	0.566 ± 0.018	0.420 ± 0.037	0.991 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.005	0.957 ± 0.001	0.503 ± 0.003	0.647 ± 0.004	5	37620	1.6M	33s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.689	0.689 ± 0.003	0.771 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.484 ± 0.047	0.120 ± 0.159	0.524 ± 0.024	0.472 ± 0.024	0.982 ± 0.007	0.968 ± 0.007	0.967 ± 0.005	0.502 ± 0.013	0.645 ± 0.017	5	37620	53k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.689	0.689 ± 0.001	0.770 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.451 ± 0.040	0.133 ± 0.118	0.555 ± 0.028	0.428 ± 0.049	0.993 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.005	0.498 ± 0.012	0.641 ± 0.016	5	37620	1.6M	3.0m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.689	0.689 ± 0.009	0.695 ± 0.009	—	—	0.473 ± 0.019	0.435 ± 0.036	0.516 ± 0.029	0.539 ± 0.030	0.964 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.002	0.540 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.688	0.688 ± 0.003	0.769 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.406 ± 0.099	0.283 ± 0.124	0.514 ± 0.037	0.472 ± 0.053	0.989 ± 0.004	0.970 ± 0.005	0.960 ± 0.008	0.511 ± 0.006	0.656 ± 0.008	5	37620	53k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.687	0.687 ± 0.004	0.767 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.475 ± 0.066	0.210 ± 0.122	0.524 ± 0.020	0.458 ± 0.035	0.983 ± 0.009	0.965 ± 0.014	0.964 ± 0.005	0.509 ± 0.004	0.654 ± 0.005	5	37620	53k	2.5m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.685	0.685 ± 0.005	0.693 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.414 ± 0.020	0.414 ± 0.020	0.552 ± 0.031	0.554 ± 0.016	0.968 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.537 ± 0.004	0.691 ± 0.005	5	10637	50k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.684	0.684 ± 0.006	0.690 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.297 ± 0.140	0.544 ± 0.100	0.518 ± 0.036	0.481 ± 0.045	0.964 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.001	0.525 ± 0.007	0.675 ± 0.009	5	11673	53k	1.8m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.683	0.683 ± 0.005	0.692 ± 0.005	—	—	0.211 ± 0.064	0.580 ± 0.016	0.494 ± 0.068	0.522 ± 0.032	0.963 ± 0.004	0.945 ± 0.009	0.964 ± 0.004	0.520 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.682	0.682 ± 0.010	0.690 ± 0.009	—	—	0.307 ± 0.163	0.544 ± 0.097	0.498 ± 0.018	0.496 ± 0.042	0.958 ± 0.006	0.959 ± 0.005	0.961 ± 0.005	0.525 ± 0.013	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.682	0.682 ± 0.013	0.748 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.275 ± 0.098	0.405 ± 0.056	0.522 ± 0.013	0.460 ± 0.036	0.967 ± 0.007	0.909 ± 0.009	0.946 ± 0.036	0.498 ± 0.023	0.641 ± 0.030	5	149780	50k	1.5m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.682	0.682 ± 0.002	0.691 ± 0.002	—	—	0.190 ± 0.119	0.581 ± 0.023	0.455 ± 0.011	0.524 ± 0.013	0.969 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.000	0.518 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.682	0.682 ± 0.031	0.752 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	0.186 ± 0.063	0.400 ± 0.087	0.556 ± 0.005	0.458 ± 0.079	0.970 ± 0.011	0.915 ± 0.021	0.934 ± 0.045	0.491 ± 0.032	0.631 ± 0.041	5	149780	50k	1.3m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.681	0.681 ± 0.013	0.689 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.330 ± 0.187	0.496 ± 0.219	0.541 ± 0.039	0.419 ± 0.085	0.967 ± 0.006	0.958 ± 0.005	0.966 ± 0.003	0.519 ± 0.019	0.668 ± 0.024	5	11928	507k	3.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.680	0.680 ± 0.006	0.686 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.317 ± 0.112	0.537 ± 0.044	0.529 ± 0.021	0.468 ± 0.038	0.964 ± 0.001	0.958 ± 0.004	0.958 ± 0.001	0.526 ± 0.007	0.676 ± 0.009	5	11673	53k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.680	0.680 ± 0.005	0.686 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.337 ± 0.107	0.515 ± 0.064	0.542 ± 0.040	0.463 ± 0.044	0.966 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.004	0.957 ± 0.002	0.527 ± 0.010	0.678 ± 0.013	5	11673	53k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.680	0.680 ± 0.005	0.746 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.227 ± 0.167	0.470 ± 0.156	0.508 ± 0.031	0.437 ± 0.047	0.956 ± 0.013	0.907 ± 0.009	0.965 ± 0.013	0.497 ± 0.012	0.639 ± 0.016	5	149780	53k	1.7m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.680	0.680 ± 0.013	0.687 ± 0.014	—	—	0.332 ± 0.170	0.477 ± 0.240	0.544 ± 0.056	0.426 ± 0.086	0.963 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.004	0.519 ± 0.015	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.680	0.680 ± 0.011	0.745 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.245 ± 0.065	0.411 ± 0.039	0.514 ± 0.010	0.461 ± 0.025	0.968 ± 0.006	0.911 ± 0.011	0.946 ± 0.032	0.495 ± 0.018	0.637 ± 0.023	5	149780	50k	3.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.679	0.679 ± 0.006	0.746 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.202 ± 0.059	0.480 ± 0.073	0.503 ± 0.042	0.442 ± 0.062	0.965 ± 0.002	0.910 ± 0.009	0.961 ± 0.019	0.496 ± 0.011	0.637 ± 0.014	5	149780	53k	1.5m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.679	0.679 ± 0.004	0.686 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.320 ± 0.182	0.496 ± 0.073	0.499 ± 0.005	0.535 ± 0.030	0.969 ± 0.000	0.965 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.003	0.527 ± 0.015	0.678 ± 0.020	5	11673	1.6M	55s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.679	0.679 ± 0.004	0.685 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.310 ± 0.124	0.533 ± 0.055	0.526 ± 0.015	0.471 ± 0.050	0.964 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.001	0.525 ± 0.011	0.675 ± 0.015	5	11673	53k	1.8m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.679	0.679 ± 0.011	0.687 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.283 ± 0.150	0.542 ± 0.109	0.481 ± 0.037	0.502 ± 0.037	0.967 ± 0.002	0.955 ± 0.014	0.964 ± 0.004	0.522 ± 0.008	0.671 ± 0.010	5	11928	50k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.679	0.679 ± 0.003	0.744 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.176 ± 0.074	0.397 ± 0.023	0.504 ± 0.016	0.464 ± 0.021	0.961 ± 0.002	0.941 ± 0.001	0.931 ± 0.012	0.486 ± 0.010	0.625 ± 0.013	5	149780	1.6M	37s
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.679	0.679 ± 0.010	0.684 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.390 ± 0.198	0.441 ± 0.211	0.498 ± 0.022	0.479 ± 0.042	0.967 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.001	0.523 ± 0.016	0.672 ± 0.021	5	11673	53k	1.9m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.003	0.743 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.185 ± 0.078	0.399 ± 0.023	0.508 ± 0.017	0.458 ± 0.018	0.961 ± 0.003	0.942 ± 0.002	0.927 ± 0.010	0.487 ± 0.010	0.626 ± 0.013	5	149780	1.6M	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.002	0.743 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.176 ± 0.055	0.395 ± 0.020	0.515 ± 0.009	0.450 ± 0.011	0.964 ± 0.002	0.937 ± 0.001	0.932 ± 0.008	0.485 ± 0.005	0.624 ± 0.006	5	149780	1.6M	38s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.022	0.684 ± 0.023	—	—	0.381 ± 0.055	0.524 ± 0.018	0.508 ± 0.049	0.560 ± 0.052	0.953 ± 0.008	0.935 ± 0.008	0.909 ± 0.065	0.530 ± 0.019	—	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.010	0.688 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.196 ± 0.077	0.578 ± 0.018	0.459 ± 0.088	0.535 ± 0.033	0.965 ± 0.003	0.941 ± 0.010	0.962 ± 0.004	0.515 ± 0.015	0.662 ± 0.020	5	11928	53k	2.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.677	0.677 ± 0.002	0.683 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.376 ± 0.080	0.501 ± 0.044	0.518 ± 0.014	0.482 ± 0.017	0.965 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.004	0.958 ± 0.004	0.529 ± 0.005	0.680 ± 0.006	5	11673	53k	2.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.677	0.677 ± 0.003	0.741 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.195 ± 0.043	0.398 ± 0.044	0.511 ± 0.010	0.454 ± 0.012	0.965 ± 0.001	0.935 ± 0.001	0.928 ± 0.013	0.487 ± 0.005	0.627 ± 0.007	5	149780	1.6M	44s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.677	0.677 ± 0.002	0.681 ± 0.003	—	—	0.318 ± 0.168	0.536 ± 0.110	0.475 ± 0.041	0.460 ± 0.059	0.961 ± 0.003	0.957 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.001	0.519 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.677	0.677 ± 0.008	0.903 ± 0.005	0.305 ± 0.049	0.344 ± 0.075	0.274 ± 0.101	0.294 ± 0.044	0.904 ± 0.010	0.911 ± 0.012	0.990 ± 0.002	0.972 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.005	0.662 ± 0.006	0.662 ± 0.006	5	68604	507k	5.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.031	0.682 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	0.398 ± 0.070	0.550 ± 0.020	0.489 ± 0.070	0.515 ± 0.064	0.958 ± 0.004	0.931 ± 0.008	0.908 ± 0.071	0.528 ± 0.026	0.678 ± 0.034	5	11928	50k	1.5m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.006	0.681 ± 0.006	0.406 ± 0.015	0.388 ± 0.015	0.342 ± 0.037	0.302 ± 0.023	0.917 ± 0.011	0.916 ± 0.014	0.964 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.005	0.951 ± 0.009	0.683 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.002	0.683 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.354 ± 0.001	0.481 ± 0.005	0.527 ± 0.011	0.540 ± 0.015	0.967 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.938 ± 0.001	0.531 ± 0.001	0.682 ± 0.002	5	11673	1.6M	37s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.009	0.681 ± 0.009	—	—	0.396 ± 0.129	0.501 ± 0.072	0.495 ± 0.028	0.450 ± 0.064	0.966 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.001	0.525 ± 0.010	0.675 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.675	0.675 ± 0.003	0.686 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.166 ± 0.109	0.585 ± 0.020	0.409 ± 0.015	0.533 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.000	0.966 ± 0.000	0.511 ± 0.009	0.657 ± 0.012	5	11928	1.6M	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.675	0.675 ± 0.008	0.681 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.302 ± 0.147	0.519 ± 0.070	0.514 ± 0.042	0.475 ± 0.053	0.966 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.004	0.955 ± 0.007	0.521 ± 0.010	0.670 ± 0.013	5	11673	53k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.675	0.675 ± 0.001	0.739 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.195 ± 0.036	0.390 ± 0.024	0.518 ± 0.013	0.437 ± 0.019	0.959 ± 0.002	0.924 ± 0.005	0.930 ± 0.005	0.484 ± 0.003	0.622 ± 0.004	5	149780	1.6M	4.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.675	0.675 ± 0.006	0.739 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.362 ± 0.137	0.390 ± 0.167	0.489 ± 0.024	0.451 ± 0.023	0.941 ± 0.016	0.883 ± 0.013	0.969 ± 0.010	0.498 ± 0.010	0.641 ± 0.012	5	149780	53k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.675	0.675 ± 0.006	0.679 ± 0.006	—	—	0.438 ± 0.066	0.486 ± 0.057	0.471 ± 0.020	0.471 ± 0.013	0.964 ± 0.003	0.956 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.002	0.527 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.001	0.681 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.356 ± 0.010	0.481 ± 0.001	0.521 ± 0.020	0.534 ± 0.016	0.967 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.001	0.938 ± 0.002	0.529 ± 0.001	0.681 ± 0.001	5	11673	1.6M	36s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.005	0.679 ± 0.005	—	—	0.362 ± 0.131	0.530 ± 0.054	0.483 ± 0.040	0.446 ± 0.046	0.963 ± 0.003	0.956 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.001	0.522 ± 0.008	0.671 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.004	0.737 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.243 ± 0.036	0.386 ± 0.044	0.513 ± 0.016	0.438 ± 0.017	0.957 ± 0.002	0.918 ± 0.004	0.932 ± 0.012	0.488 ± 0.005	0.627 ± 0.006	5	149780	1.6M	39s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.011	0.680 ± 0.012	—	—	0.396 ± 0.048	0.521 ± 0.044	0.503 ± 0.015	0.533 ± 0.046	0.948 ± 0.005	0.928 ± 0.009	0.918 ± 0.045	0.527 ± 0.012	0.678 ± 0.015	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.003	0.679 ± 0.003	—	—	0.352 ± 0.157	0.521 ± 0.061	0.481 ± 0.020	0.458 ± 0.036	0.965 ± 0.002	0.955 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.001	0.522 ± 0.013	0.671 ± 0.017	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.673	0.673 ± 0.008	0.678 ± 0.009	—	—	0.347 ± 0.210	0.507 ± 0.085	0.475 ± 0.048	0.463 ± 0.074	0.966 ± 0.001	0.958 ± 0.005	0.960 ± 0.003	0.519 ± 0.015	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.673	0.673 ± 0.003	0.680 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.357 ± 0.016	0.482 ± 0.022	0.515 ± 0.018	0.526 ± 0.007	0.968 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.938 ± 0.002	0.528 ± 0.002	0.679 ± 0.002	5	11673	1.6M	37s
gru	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.673	0.673 ± 0.004	0.678 ± 0.004	—	—	0.400 ± 0.191	0.427 ± 0.218	0.455 ± 0.023	0.485 ± 0.026	0.968 ± 0.002	0.956 ± 0.004	0.968 ± 0.001	0.518 ± 0.014	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.672	0.672 ± 0.008	0.679 ± 0.009	—	—	0.378 ± 0.132	0.507 ± 0.132	0.472 ± 0.054	0.499 ± 0.033	0.944 ± 0.005	0.927 ± 0.007	0.953 ± 0.005	0.520 ± 0.007	0.668 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.672	0.672 ± 0.004	0.735 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.271 ± 0.217	0.400 ± 0.157	0.478 ± 0.011	0.466 ± 0.008	0.941 ± 0.007	0.886 ± 0.007	0.963 ± 0.013	0.490 ± 0.013	0.629 ± 0.016	5	149780	53k	1.5m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.671	0.671 ± 0.014	0.658 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.442 ± 0.037	0.518 ± 0.081	0.457 ± 0.072	0.487 ± 0.046	0.912 ± 0.016	0.930 ± 0.014	0.899 ± 0.012	0.516 ± 0.010	0.664 ± 0.013	5	6758	50k	35s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.670	0.670 ± 0.002	0.677 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.349 ± 0.007	0.483 ± 0.007	0.505 ± 0.018	0.531 ± 0.028	0.966 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.003	0.939 ± 0.002	0.526 ± 0.001	0.676 ± 0.002	5	11673	1.6M	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.670	0.670 ± 0.018	0.675 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.419 ± 0.058	0.550 ± 0.011	0.467 ± 0.011	0.477 ± 0.028	0.956 ± 0.003	0.923 ± 0.011	0.916 ± 0.058	0.523 ± 0.015	0.672 ± 0.020	5	11928	50k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.669	0.669 ± 0.014	0.733 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.087 ± 0.070	0.370 ± 0.082	0.524 ± 0.055	0.454 ± 0.109	0.963 ± 0.010	0.909 ± 0.009	0.902 ± 0.031	0.468 ± 0.027	0.601 ± 0.035	5	149780	507k	2.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.669	0.669 ± 0.002	0.676 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.348 ± 0.009	0.479 ± 0.005	0.510 ± 0.017	0.511 ± 0.032	0.966 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.939 ± 0.001	0.525 ± 0.002	0.675 ± 0.002	5	11673	1.6M	39s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.669	0.669 ± 0.003	0.655 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.452 ± 0.007	0.531 ± 0.010	0.413 ± 0.029	0.493 ± 0.020	0.910 ± 0.004	0.936 ± 0.002	0.883 ± 0.008	0.513 ± 0.003	0.660 ± 0.003	5	6758	1.6M	24s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.668	0.668 ± 0.013	0.673 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.402 ± 0.027	0.552 ± 0.019	0.463 ± 0.015	0.483 ± 0.035	0.955 ± 0.006	0.925 ± 0.007	0.915 ± 0.029	0.522 ± 0.010	0.671 ± 0.012	5	11928	50k	3.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.668	0.668 ± 0.002	0.674 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.353 ± 0.006	0.480 ± 0.002	0.514 ± 0.012	0.494 ± 0.026	0.967 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.939 ± 0.001	0.524 ± 0.002	0.673 ± 0.003	5	11673	1.6M	38s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.008	0.890 ± 0.016	0.305 ± 0.013	0.335 ± 0.021	0.257 ± 0.062	0.305 ± 0.062	0.881 ± 0.030	0.885 ± 0.041	0.989 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.007	0.957 ± 0.008	0.654 ± 0.010	0.654 ± 0.010	5	68604	507k	5.1m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.003	0.674 ± 0.003	—	—	0.363 ± 0.238	0.469 ± 0.087	0.408 ± 0.035	0.513 ± 0.015	0.969 ± 0.000	0.965 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.002	0.516 ± 0.016	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.004	0.675 ± 0.004	—	—	0.342 ± 0.060	0.548 ± 0.023	0.458 ± 0.054	0.482 ± 0.059	0.944 ± 0.004	0.930 ± 0.008	0.949 ± 0.007	0.517 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.003	0.673 ± 0.003	—	—	0.417 ± 0.003	0.462 ± 0.001	0.473 ± 0.025	0.488 ± 0.028	0.964 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.001	0.524 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.012	0.677 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.332 ± 0.112	0.505 ± 0.091	0.456 ± 0.125	0.474 ± 0.068	0.965 ± 0.002	0.953 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.003	0.517 ± 0.009	0.664 ± 0.012	5	10637	53k	1.8m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.014	0.677 ± 0.014	—	—	0.420 ± 0.050	0.461 ± 0.018	0.510 ± 0.041	0.536 ± 0.053	0.930 ± 0.015	0.918 ± 0.014	0.882 ± 0.008	0.517 ± 0.013	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.002	0.725 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.440 ± 0.009	0.379 ± 0.009	0.606 ± 0.004	0.449 ± 0.002	0.810 ± 0.005	0.806 ± 0.004	0.971 ± 0.001	0.496 ± 0.001	0.637 ± 0.002	5	149780	—	10s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.666	0.666 ± 0.003	0.672 ± 0.003	—	—	0.416 ± 0.006	0.464 ± 0.001	0.468 ± 0.029	0.485 ± 0.034	0.965 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.002	0.523 ± 0.003	0.673 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.666	0.666 ± 0.038	0.672 ± 0.038	n/a	n/a	0.363 ± 0.060	0.551 ± 0.043	0.514 ± 0.015	0.480 ± 0.057	0.957 ± 0.005	0.929 ± 0.014	0.872 ± 0.099	0.518 ± 0.030	0.667 ± 0.039	5	11928	50k	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.666	0.666 ± 0.005	0.671 ± 0.005	—	—	0.420 ± 0.008	0.467 ± 0.013	0.465 ± 0.018	0.475 ± 0.025	0.967 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	0.945 ± 0.001	0.523 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.666	0.666 ± 0.009	0.671 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.458 ± 0.042	0.391 ± 0.071	0.508 ± 0.045	0.475 ± 0.043	0.958 ± 0.006	0.951 ± 0.010	0.912 ± 0.006	0.517 ± 0.005	0.665 ± 0.007	5	10637	53k	2.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.003	0.671 ± 0.004	—	—	0.417 ± 0.006	0.463 ± 0.001	0.462 ± 0.020	0.482 ± 0.029	0.966 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	0.945 ± 0.001	0.522 ± 0.003	0.672 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.031	0.671 ± 0.032	—	—	0.357 ± 0.036	0.523 ± 0.053	0.519 ± 0.025	0.508 ± 0.086	0.950 ± 0.004	0.928 ± 0.009	0.887 ± 0.074	0.519 ± 0.024	0.668 ± 0.031	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.008	0.897 ± 0.007	0.319 ± 0.031	0.316 ± 0.049	0.228 ± 0.068	0.283 ± 0.067	0.893 ± 0.009	0.905 ± 0.008	0.991 ± 0.002	0.972 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.012	0.652 ± 0.009	0.652 ± 0.009	5	68604	507k	4.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.008	0.671 ± 0.008	—	—	0.383 ± 0.018	0.511 ± 0.023	0.477 ± 0.026	0.525 ± 0.031	0.946 ± 0.003	0.930 ± 0.008	0.918 ± 0.024	0.521 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.002	0.673 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.430 ± 0.012	0.516 ± 0.009	0.516 ± 0.004	0.504 ± 0.006	0.897 ± 0.002	0.859 ± 0.006	0.935 ± 0.002	0.517 ± 0.002	0.665 ± 0.002	5	11928	—	10s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.021	0.895 ± 0.012	0.312 ± 0.029	0.361 ± 0.036	0.171 ± 0.106	0.308 ± 0.038	0.890 ± 0.017	0.900 ± 0.020	0.991 ± 0.003	0.966 ± 0.008	0.960 ± 0.011	0.651 ± 0.024	0.651 ± 0.024	5	68604	507k	4.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.003	0.670 ± 0.003	—	—	0.419 ± 0.015	0.462 ± 0.022	0.460 ± 0.017	0.486 ± 0.021	0.966 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.003	0.943 ± 0.002	0.522 ± 0.002	0.671 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.028	0.726 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	0.233 ± 0.092	0.395 ± 0.163	0.503 ± 0.024	0.435 ± 0.045	0.950 ± 0.008	0.899 ± 0.014	0.920 ± 0.094	0.482 ± 0.038	0.619 ± 0.048	5	149780	53k	4.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.004	0.671 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.356 ± 0.070	0.530 ± 0.018	0.473 ± 0.016	0.496 ± 0.020	0.959 ± 0.002	0.947 ± 0.002	0.904 ± 0.005	0.518 ± 0.005	0.666 ± 0.007	5	11928	1.6M	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.005	0.670 ± 0.005	—	—	0.342 ± 0.031	0.538 ± 0.032	0.481 ± 0.004	0.497 ± 0.021	0.949 ± 0.002	0.944 ± 0.002	0.904 ± 0.009	0.517 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.004	0.896 ± 0.007	0.304 ± 0.069	0.309 ± 0.084	0.187 ± 0.119	0.303 ± 0.074	0.896 ± 0.011	0.905 ± 0.011	0.991 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.004	0.956 ± 0.009	0.647 ± 0.008	0.647 ± 0.008	5	68604	507k	4.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.004	0.667 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.489 ± 0.033	0.311 ± 0.135	0.488 ± 0.065	0.469 ± 0.061	0.961 ± 0.003	0.955 ± 0.007	0.912 ± 0.005	0.509 ± 0.009	0.655 ± 0.012	5	10637	53k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.663	0.663 ± 0.007	0.669 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.464 ± 0.056	0.346 ± 0.216	0.438 ± 0.066	0.514 ± 0.046	0.963 ± 0.003	0.955 ± 0.005	0.911 ± 0.003	0.510 ± 0.020	0.656 ± 0.026	5	10637	53k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.663	0.663 ± 0.003	0.671 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.398 ± 0.127	0.438 ± 0.126	0.486 ± 0.053	0.486 ± 0.044	0.960 ± 0.005	0.951 ± 0.009	0.909 ± 0.004	0.514 ± 0.004	0.661 ± 0.006	5	10637	53k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.663	0.663 ± 0.005	0.669 ± 0.006	—	—	0.410 ± 0.173	0.434 ± 0.188	0.448 ± 0.028	0.507 ± 0.019	0.935 ± 0.005	0.912 ± 0.009	0.953 ± 0.007	0.511 ± 0.009	0.657 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.663	0.663 ± 0.014	0.679 ± 0.013	—	—	0.414 ± 0.085	0.428 ± 0.055	0.530 ± 0.075	0.496 ± 0.067	0.942 ± 0.008	0.925 ± 0.010	0.884 ± 0.013	0.513 ± 0.012	0.660 ± 0.015	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.663	0.663 ± 0.006	0.671 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.346 ± 0.052	0.522 ± 0.030	0.468 ± 0.059	0.476 ± 0.055	0.954 ± 0.008	0.923 ± 0.007	0.942 ± 0.016	0.515 ± 0.003	0.662 ± 0.004	5	11928	53k	1.5m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.663	0.663 ± 0.004	0.676 ± 0.007	—	—	0.368 ± 0.137	0.444 ± 0.124	0.443 ± 0.112	0.532 ± 0.069	0.947 ± 0.004	0.933 ± 0.011	0.877 ± 0.004	0.505 ± 0.005	0.649 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.663	0.663 ± 0.005	0.670 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.332 ± 0.056	0.532 ± 0.023	0.476 ± 0.021	0.495 ± 0.013	0.959 ± 0.002	0.949 ± 0.001	0.905 ± 0.008	0.516 ± 0.006	0.664 ± 0.008	5	11928	1.6M	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.662	0.662 ± 0.004	0.666 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.470 ± 0.013	0.313 ± 0.032	0.515 ± 0.012	0.483 ± 0.020	0.967 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.899 ± 0.002	0.512 ± 0.004	0.659 ± 0.005	5	10637	1.6M	34s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.662	0.662 ± 0.006	0.667 ± 0.006	—	—	0.465 ± 0.101	0.414 ± 0.163	0.450 ± 0.023	0.488 ± 0.014	0.940 ± 0.006	0.915 ± 0.009	0.950 ± 0.007	0.514 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.662	0.662 ± 0.004	0.667 ± 0.004	0.399 ± 0.015	0.369 ± 0.044	0.322 ± 0.033	0.276 ± 0.070	0.902 ± 0.005	0.896 ± 0.013	0.956 ± 0.003	0.952 ± 0.002	0.924 ± 0.024	0.666 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.661	0.661 ± 0.009	0.669 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.359 ± 0.150	0.477 ± 0.139	0.463 ± 0.056	0.473 ± 0.027	0.955 ± 0.003	0.922 ± 0.008	0.951 ± 0.005	0.511 ± 0.011	0.657 ± 0.014	5	11928	53k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.661	0.661 ± 0.004	0.886 ± 0.005	0.297 ± 0.009	0.308 ± 0.048	0.273 ± 0.086	0.252 ± 0.086	0.881 ± 0.016	0.890 ± 0.011	0.989 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.010	0.947 ± 0.013	0.645 ± 0.005	0.645 ± 0.005	5	68604	507k	6.9m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.661	0.661 ± 0.007	0.667 ± 0.007	—	—	0.345 ± 0.049	0.532 ± 0.032	0.456 ± 0.018	0.493 ± 0.017	0.949 ± 0.003	0.948 ± 0.002	0.911 ± 0.007	0.515 ± 0.004	0.662 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.006	0.666 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.374 ± 0.023	0.525 ± 0.015	0.455 ± 0.022	0.493 ± 0.020	0.961 ± 0.002	0.947 ± 0.001	0.895 ± 0.012	0.517 ± 0.005	0.664 ± 0.006	5	11928	1.6M	44s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.004	0.664 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.480 ± 0.039	0.256 ± 0.088	0.505 ± 0.031	0.487 ± 0.044	0.968 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.001	0.901 ± 0.004	0.507 ± 0.007	0.652 ± 0.009	5	10637	1.6M	33s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.029	0.666 ± 0.031	—	—	0.401 ± 0.059	0.521 ± 0.052	0.462 ± 0.033	0.502 ± 0.045	0.940 ± 0.007	0.925 ± 0.007	0.893 ± 0.127	0.516 ± 0.021	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.002	0.666 ± 0.003	—	—	0.414 ± 0.002	0.464 ± 0.003	0.444 ± 0.027	0.480 ± 0.037	0.964 ± 0.002	0.952 ± 0.004	0.946 ± 0.001	0.518 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.008	0.666 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.447 ± 0.070	0.363 ± 0.123	0.477 ± 0.030	0.485 ± 0.048	0.957 ± 0.005	0.951 ± 0.007	0.916 ± 0.003	0.511 ± 0.009	0.657 ± 0.011	5	10637	53k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.659	0.659 ± 0.008	0.665 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.449 ± 0.046	0.362 ± 0.149	0.472 ± 0.061	0.481 ± 0.064	0.957 ± 0.004	0.951 ± 0.004	0.915 ± 0.005	0.510 ± 0.014	0.655 ± 0.018	5	10637	53k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.659	0.659 ± 0.006	0.665 ± 0.006	—	—	0.341 ± 0.016	0.523 ± 0.033	0.469 ± 0.016	0.498 ± 0.013	0.950 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.002	0.903 ± 0.011	0.515 ± 0.003	0.662 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.014	0.663 ± 0.014	0.407 ± 0.033	0.366 ± 0.038	0.317 ± 0.029	0.271 ± 0.033	0.884 ± 0.015	0.883 ± 0.016	0.955 ± 0.005	0.953 ± 0.009	0.924 ± 0.012	0.662 ± 0.014	0.662 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.003	0.665 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.343 ± 0.042	0.526 ± 0.025	0.460 ± 0.013	0.488 ± 0.012	0.961 ± 0.002	0.946 ± 0.002	0.897 ± 0.009	0.513 ± 0.003	0.660 ± 0.004	5	11928	1.6M	38s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.657	0.657 ± 0.003	0.672 ± 0.003	—	—	0.421 ± 0.013	0.453 ± 0.006	0.502 ± 0.020	0.472 ± 0.017	0.932 ± 0.006	0.931 ± 0.007	0.866 ± 0.002	0.509 ± 0.002	0.654 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.657	0.657 ± 0.012	0.662 ± 0.012	0.409 ± 0.029	0.372 ± 0.040	0.291 ± 0.017	0.263 ± 0.061	0.895 ± 0.011	0.892 ± 0.010	0.953 ± 0.004	0.949 ± 0.009	0.924 ± 0.008	0.661 ± 0.012	0.661 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.657	0.657 ± 0.009	0.663 ± 0.009	—	—	0.324 ± 0.052	0.524 ± 0.050	0.445 ± 0.014	0.493 ± 0.023	0.950 ± 0.004	0.949 ± 0.002	0.911 ± 0.007	0.511 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.657	0.657 ± 0.005	0.663 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.360 ± 0.040	0.532 ± 0.015	0.458 ± 0.025	0.488 ± 0.011	0.950 ± 0.004	0.933 ± 0.009	0.892 ± 0.013	0.513 ± 0.004	0.659 ± 0.005	5	11928	1.6M	4.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.657	0.657 ± 0.002	0.663 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.422 ± 0.029	0.354 ± 0.034	0.510 ± 0.034	0.493 ± 0.026	0.967 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.001	0.901 ± 0.001	0.512 ± 0.003	0.659 ± 0.003	5	10637	1.6M	33s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.657	0.657 ± 0.020	0.728 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.158 ± 0.062	0.351 ± 0.086	0.531 ± 0.057	0.432 ± 0.105	0.961 ± 0.005	0.908 ± 0.006	0.892 ± 0.030	0.470 ± 0.015	0.605 ± 0.020	5	149780	507k	2.7m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.656	0.656 ± 0.011	0.661 ± 0.011	0.357 ± 0.029	0.365 ± 0.032	0.287 ± 0.035	0.266 ± 0.030	0.910 ± 0.010	0.897 ± 0.014	0.964 ± 0.005	0.958 ± 0.006	0.957 ± 0.006	0.662 ± 0.010	0.662 ± 0.010	5	10844	507k	6.6m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.656	0.656 ± 0.009	0.664 ± 0.009	—	—	0.353 ± 0.130	0.497 ± 0.084	0.409 ± 0.113	0.435 ± 0.086	0.964 ± 0.002	0.950 ± 0.005	0.966 ± 0.002	0.508 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.656	0.656 ± 0.010	0.663 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.437 ± 0.062	0.355 ± 0.072	0.393 ± 0.037	0.556 ± 0.020	0.969 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.004	0.935 ± 0.001	0.512 ± 0.005	0.658 ± 0.007	5	10637	1.6M	51s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.656	0.656 ± 0.005	0.662 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.460 ± 0.084	0.370 ± 0.175	0.462 ± 0.036	0.486 ± 0.015	0.938 ± 0.007	0.903 ± 0.011	0.947 ± 0.005	0.507 ± 0.013	0.652 ± 0.017	5	11928	53k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.655	0.655 ± 0.016	0.660 ± 0.016	0.392 ± 0.060	0.383 ± 0.033	0.286 ± 0.044	0.275 ± 0.056	0.888 ± 0.019	0.887 ± 0.020	0.953 ± 0.005	0.949 ± 0.009	0.915 ± 0.012	0.659 ± 0.015	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.655	0.655 ± 0.013	0.661 ± 0.013	0.409 ± 0.026	0.345 ± 0.033	0.301 ± 0.036	0.269 ± 0.027	0.896 ± 0.010	0.890 ± 0.018	0.956 ± 0.003	0.952 ± 0.009	0.918 ± 0.012	0.660 ± 0.011	0.660 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.655	0.655 ± 0.006	0.661 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.395 ± 0.032	0.502 ± 0.036	0.458 ± 0.020	0.491 ± 0.014	0.948 ± 0.005	0.929 ± 0.010	0.896 ± 0.012	0.513 ± 0.004	0.660 ± 0.005	5	11928	1.6M	39s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.655	0.655 ± 0.009	0.662 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.415 ± 0.151	0.399 ± 0.212	0.447 ± 0.021	0.490 ± 0.024	0.940 ± 0.004	0.902 ± 0.010	0.948 ± 0.004	0.505 ± 0.014	0.649 ± 0.018	5	11928	53k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.655	0.655 ± 0.008	0.661 ± 0.008	—	—	0.331 ± 0.034	0.523 ± 0.038	0.474 ± 0.016	0.489 ± 0.022	0.940 ± 0.004	0.934 ± 0.003	0.903 ± 0.011	0.510 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.654	0.654 ± 0.005	0.659 ± 0.005	0.397 ± 0.019	0.364 ± 0.016	0.319 ± 0.025	0.258 ± 0.083	0.883 ± 0.010	0.883 ± 0.006	0.953 ± 0.004	0.948 ± 0.002	0.926 ± 0.012	0.659 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.654	0.654 ± 0.017	0.661 ± 0.017	—	—	0.234 ± 0.102	0.547 ± 0.042	0.494 ± 0.060	0.508 ± 0.095	0.948 ± 0.012	0.937 ± 0.007	0.845 ± 0.042	0.501 ± 0.022	0.645 ± 0.029	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.654	0.654 ± 0.009	0.717 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.175 ± 0.082	0.333 ± 0.042	0.495 ± 0.044	0.463 ± 0.044	0.954 ± 0.011	0.901 ± 0.008	0.874 ± 0.048	0.466 ± 0.016	0.599 ± 0.021	5	149780	507k	2.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.654	0.654 ± 0.003	0.661 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.402 ± 0.013	0.378 ± 0.017	0.500 ± 0.023	0.494 ± 0.016	0.967 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	0.901 ± 0.002	0.512 ± 0.002	0.658 ± 0.003	5	10637	1.6M	34s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.009	0.713 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.146 ± 0.020	0.360 ± 0.034	0.515 ± 0.082	0.417 ± 0.124	0.958 ± 0.012	0.898 ± 0.009	0.866 ± 0.030	0.462 ± 0.013	0.594 ± 0.017	5	149780	507k	2.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.003	0.656 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.468 ± 0.037	0.266 ± 0.139	0.469 ± 0.043	0.492 ± 0.053	0.966 ± 0.001	0.947 ± 0.005	0.902 ± 0.004	0.501 ± 0.013	0.644 ± 0.017	5	10637	1.6M	3.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.021	0.717 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	0.148 ± 0.084	0.367 ± 0.110	0.489 ± 0.035	0.453 ± 0.038	0.948 ± 0.004	0.895 ± 0.007	0.899 ± 0.064	0.466 ± 0.026	0.600 ± 0.034	5	149780	53k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.004	0.657 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.454 ± 0.029	0.312 ± 0.091	0.469 ± 0.030	0.494 ± 0.019	0.967 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.004	0.900 ± 0.002	0.506 ± 0.007	0.650 ± 0.009	5	10637	1.6M	33s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.006	0.638 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.459 ± 0.069	0.497 ± 0.062	0.358 ± 0.097	0.482 ± 0.020	0.919 ± 0.021	0.905 ± 0.008	0.874 ± 0.006	0.499 ± 0.009	0.642 ± 0.011	5	6758	53k	48s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.651	0.651 ± 0.013	0.726 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	0.116 ± 0.064	0.338 ± 0.069	0.514 ± 0.080	0.420 ± 0.138	0.955 ± 0.018	0.901 ± 0.017	0.904 ± 0.052	0.461 ± 0.026	0.593 ± 0.034	5	149780	507k	2.5m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.649	0.649 ± 0.014	0.655 ± 0.012	—	—	0.468 ± 0.062	0.352 ± 0.086	0.377 ± 0.072	0.511 ± 0.023	0.967 ± 0.001	0.952 ± 0.005	0.934 ± 0.003	0.507 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.648	0.648 ± 0.005	0.713 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.183 ± 0.087	0.291 ± 0.099	0.503 ± 0.062	0.435 ± 0.097	0.947 ± 0.009	0.899 ± 0.010	0.879 ± 0.035	0.460 ± 0.013	0.591 ± 0.017	5	149780	507k	2.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.648	0.648 ± 0.037	0.654 ± 0.040	n/a	n/a	0.388 ± 0.069	0.479 ± 0.056	0.469 ± 0.031	0.478 ± 0.030	0.947 ± 0.007	0.911 ± 0.016	0.887 ± 0.154	0.507 ± 0.028	0.651 ± 0.035	5	11928	53k	4.2m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.648	0.648 ± 0.002	0.654 ± 0.002	—	—	0.456 ± 0.003	0.498 ± 0.007	0.468 ± 0.008	0.438 ± 0.008	0.886 ± 0.007	0.868 ± 0.003	0.928 ± 0.003	0.505 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.647	0.647 ± 0.007	0.654 ± 0.007	—	—	0.367 ± 0.035	0.464 ± 0.057	0.473 ± 0.009	0.493 ± 0.016	0.941 ± 0.005	0.933 ± 0.009	0.907 ± 0.011	0.509 ± 0.003	0.654 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.647	0.647 ± 0.014	0.632 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.336 ± 0.147	0.493 ± 0.131	0.367 ± 0.122	0.475 ± 0.070	0.913 ± 0.015	0.934 ± 0.009	0.890 ± 0.010	0.490 ± 0.011	0.630 ± 0.014	5	6758	507k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.646	0.646 ± 0.010	0.651 ± 0.010	—	—	0.469 ± 0.072	0.351 ± 0.124	0.426 ± 0.049	0.442 ± 0.035	0.959 ± 0.003	0.942 ± 0.004	0.910 ± 0.001	0.500 ± 0.010	0.643 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.645	0.645 ± 0.006	0.649 ± 0.008	—	—	0.496 ± 0.036	0.295 ± 0.149	0.433 ± 0.062	0.417 ± 0.071	0.962 ± 0.003	0.949 ± 0.006	0.905 ± 0.006	0.495 ± 0.015	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.645	0.645 ± 0.002	0.656 ± 0.002	—	—	0.437 ± 0.006	0.441 ± 0.002	0.447 ± 0.011	0.491 ± 0.013	0.905 ± 0.004	0.913 ± 0.005	0.865 ± 0.001	0.500 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.644	0.644 ± 0.010	0.650 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.344 ± 0.056	0.521 ± 0.038	0.491 ± 0.069	0.451 ± 0.066	0.954 ± 0.005	0.926 ± 0.011	0.820 ± 0.043	0.501 ± 0.009	0.644 ± 0.012	5	11928	507k	2.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.644	0.644 ± 0.007	0.649 ± 0.009	—	—	0.474 ± 0.054	0.348 ± 0.149	0.412 ± 0.073	0.440 ± 0.059	0.958 ± 0.001	0.942 ± 0.004	0.908 ± 0.006	0.498 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.644	0.644 ± 0.010	0.651 ± 0.009	—	—	0.317 ± 0.075	0.510 ± 0.050	0.489 ± 0.077	0.483 ± 0.081	0.948 ± 0.004	0.933 ± 0.010	0.823 ± 0.043	0.500 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.644	0.644 ± 0.006	0.651 ± 0.009	—	—	0.404 ± 0.126	0.426 ± 0.133	0.428 ± 0.039	0.430 ± 0.068	0.958 ± 0.004	0.948 ± 0.004	0.903 ± 0.003	0.499 ± 0.006	0.642 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.643	0.643 ± 0.033	0.649 ± 0.034	—	—	0.337 ± 0.090	0.518 ± 0.069	0.447 ± 0.031	0.498 ± 0.028	0.939 ± 0.007	0.921 ± 0.008	0.840 ± 0.109	0.500 ± 0.026	0.643 ± 0.033	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.642	0.642 ± 0.013	0.653 ± 0.015	—	—	0.436 ± 0.064	0.440 ± 0.029	0.456 ± 0.099	0.468 ± 0.085	0.917 ± 0.013	0.907 ± 0.010	0.853 ± 0.025	0.497 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.642	0.642 ± 0.005	0.647 ± 0.005	—	—	0.479 ± 0.072	0.328 ± 0.200	0.357 ± 0.070	0.459 ± 0.046	0.961 ± 0.002	0.950 ± 0.003	0.906 ± 0.002	0.493 ± 0.016	0.634 ± 0.021	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.641	0.641 ± 0.012	0.655 ± 0.013	—	—	0.422 ± 0.102	0.429 ± 0.055	0.405 ± 0.059	0.498 ± 0.048	0.929 ± 0.006	0.899 ± 0.015	0.860 ± 0.006	0.494 ± 0.011	0.635 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.640	0.640 ± 0.010	0.647 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.251 ± 0.115	0.540 ± 0.020	0.466 ± 0.077	0.457 ± 0.056	0.955 ± 0.004	0.928 ± 0.007	0.833 ± 0.053	0.492 ± 0.016	0.633 ± 0.021	5	11928	507k	2.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.639	0.639 ± 0.011	0.644 ± 0.010	—	—	0.355 ± 0.082	0.473 ± 0.097	0.475 ± 0.054	0.516 ± 0.065	0.942 ± 0.003	0.931 ± 0.008	0.805 ± 0.028	0.499 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.639	0.639 ± 0.011	0.654 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.331 ± 0.044	0.433 ± 0.030	0.451 ± 0.092	0.492 ± 0.066	0.947 ± 0.005	0.925 ± 0.013	0.862 ± 0.012	0.494 ± 0.011	0.635 ± 0.014	5	7154	50k	34s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.639	0.639 ± 0.010	0.645 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.292 ± 0.103	0.540 ± 0.026	0.479 ± 0.098	0.450 ± 0.112	0.951 ± 0.009	0.923 ± 0.015	0.771 ± 0.035	0.490 ± 0.014	0.630 ± 0.018	5	11928	507k	2.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.638	0.638 ± 0.015	0.645 ± 0.013	—	—	0.254 ± 0.108	0.512 ± 0.056	0.486 ± 0.098	0.490 ± 0.137	0.941 ± 0.008	0.929 ± 0.009	0.780 ± 0.053	0.488 ± 0.019	0.627 ± 0.024	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.638	0.638 ± 0.007	0.642 ± 0.007	—	—	0.455 ± 0.042	0.372 ± 0.069	0.431 ± 0.038	0.401 ± 0.056	0.955 ± 0.005	0.944 ± 0.010	0.904 ± 0.006	0.496 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.637	0.637 ± 0.003	0.651 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.346 ± 0.015	0.468 ± 0.009	0.453 ± 0.016	0.424 ± 0.015	0.946 ± 0.003	0.926 ± 0.002	0.857 ± 0.004	0.491 ± 0.003	0.631 ± 0.004	5	7154	1.6M	24s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.636	0.636 ± 0.015	0.639 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.381 ± 0.058	0.518 ± 0.032	0.483 ± 0.079	0.434 ± 0.081	0.956 ± 0.006	0.921 ± 0.009	0.786 ± 0.045	0.497 ± 0.014	0.640 ± 0.018	5	11928	507k	2.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.634	0.634 ± 0.005	0.638 ± 0.003	—	—	0.486 ± 0.041	0.250 ± 0.117	0.433 ± 0.054	0.416 ± 0.063	0.959 ± 0.002	0.930 ± 0.006	0.895 ± 0.003	0.486 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.634	0.634 ± 0.014	0.639 ± 0.015	0.360 ± 0.021	0.307 ± 0.023	0.250 ± 0.047	0.266 ± 0.112	0.880 ± 0.014	0.879 ± 0.011	0.947 ± 0.004	0.939 ± 0.004	0.899 ± 0.018	0.636 ± 0.018	0.636 ± 0.018	5	10844	507k	4.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.634	0.634 ± 0.011	0.638 ± 0.010	0.350 ± 0.027	0.293 ± 0.021	0.278 ± 0.013	0.279 ± 0.029	0.869 ± 0.019	0.867 ± 0.019	0.951 ± 0.005	0.944 ± 0.004	0.914 ± 0.017	0.638 ± 0.010	0.638 ± 0.010	5	10844	507k	5.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.633	0.633 ± 0.015	0.639 ± 0.016	—	—	0.354 ± 0.085	0.453 ± 0.063	0.482 ± 0.055	0.508 ± 0.106	0.942 ± 0.012	0.928 ± 0.019	0.787 ± 0.017	0.495 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.633	0.633 ± 0.002	0.636 ± 0.002	—	—	0.480 ± 0.012	0.290 ± 0.025	0.430 ± 0.013	0.387 ± 0.025	0.961 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.004	0.891 ± 0.002	0.489 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.633	0.633 ± 0.008	0.635 ± 0.006	—	—	0.496 ± 0.043	0.239 ± 0.104	0.416 ± 0.037	0.390 ± 0.032	0.962 ± 0.002	0.956 ± 0.006	0.893 ± 0.004	0.484 ± 0.006	0.622 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.632	0.632 ± 0.016	0.637 ± 0.017	—	—	0.368 ± 0.024	0.478 ± 0.046	0.486 ± 0.066	0.472 ± 0.110	0.938 ± 0.009	0.925 ± 0.015	0.805 ± 0.039	0.497 ± 0.014	0.639 ± 0.018	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.632	0.632 ± 0.006	0.636 ± 0.005	—	—	0.466 ± 0.042	0.307 ± 0.080	0.430 ± 0.038	0.417 ± 0.030	0.959 ± 0.001	0.935 ± 0.003	0.893 ± 0.005	0.490 ± 0.005	0.629 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.632	0.632 ± 0.027	0.639 ± 0.028	n/a	n/a	0.323 ± 0.091	0.488 ± 0.043	0.453 ± 0.034	0.482 ± 0.026	0.946 ± 0.003	0.906 ± 0.008	0.830 ± 0.120	0.492 ± 0.022	0.633 ± 0.028	5	11928	53k	1.8m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.632	0.632 ± 0.009	0.642 ± 0.009	—	—	0.451 ± 0.018	0.442 ± 0.021	0.381 ± 0.129	0.443 ± 0.100	0.913 ± 0.009	0.893 ± 0.011	0.864 ± 0.006	0.488 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.631	0.631 ± 0.007	0.636 ± 0.007	0.352 ± 0.025	0.285 ± 0.036	0.260 ± 0.044	0.268 ± 0.049	0.879 ± 0.015	0.879 ± 0.013	0.947 ± 0.007	0.939 ± 0.004	0.907 ± 0.032	0.635 ± 0.008	0.635 ± 0.008	5	10844	507k	5.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.631	0.631 ± 0.014	0.635 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.369 ± 0.047	0.503 ± 0.076	0.441 ± 0.052	0.459 ± 0.035	0.949 ± 0.007	0.920 ± 0.009	0.790 ± 0.022	0.492 ± 0.011	0.633 ± 0.014	5	11928	507k	2.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.630	0.630 ± 0.013	0.635 ± 0.013	0.349 ± 0.031	0.309 ± 0.042	0.218 ± 0.042	0.260 ± 0.077	0.878 ± 0.009	0.872 ± 0.007	0.951 ± 0.005	0.944 ± 0.008	0.904 ± 0.019	0.632 ± 0.014	0.632 ± 0.014	5	10844	507k	4.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.628	0.628 ± 0.002	0.637 ± 0.002	—	—	0.359 ± 0.009	0.417 ± 0.004	0.481 ± 0.006	0.521 ± 0.006	0.893 ± 0.003	0.875 ± 0.004	0.807 ± 0.007	0.484 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.628	0.628 ± 0.003	0.639 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.285 ± 0.008	0.429 ± 0.010	0.524 ± 0.005	0.503 ± 0.009	0.877 ± 0.008	0.892 ± 0.007	0.834 ± 0.006	0.483 ± 0.002	0.620 ± 0.003	5	10637	—	9s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.627	0.627 ± 0.002	0.632 ± 0.002	—	—	0.427 ± 0.010	0.359 ± 0.013	0.422 ± 0.028	0.391 ± 0.036	0.957 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.002	0.891 ± 0.002	0.490 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.627	0.627 ± 0.003	0.631 ± 0.002	—	—	0.446 ± 0.021	0.338 ± 0.034	0.417 ± 0.039	0.380 ± 0.040	0.957 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.001	0.891 ± 0.004	0.488 ± 0.001	0.627 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.626	0.626 ± 0.011	0.631 ± 0.011	0.351 ± 0.021	0.270 ± 0.039	0.241 ± 0.041	0.241 ± 0.040	0.877 ± 0.013	0.878 ± 0.013	0.950 ± 0.002	0.944 ± 0.008	0.905 ± 0.007	0.629 ± 0.009	0.629 ± 0.009	5	10844	507k	4.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.626	0.626 ± 0.007	0.631 ± 0.007	0.343 ± 0.011	0.274 ± 0.034	0.269 ± 0.039	0.261 ± 0.083	0.870 ± 0.012	0.865 ± 0.013	0.950 ± 0.004	0.941 ± 0.003	0.909 ± 0.005	0.631 ± 0.009	0.631 ± 0.009	5	10844	507k	6.9m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.625	0.625 ± 0.010	0.639 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.324 ± 0.071	0.439 ± 0.023	0.447 ± 0.134	0.430 ± 0.109	0.930 ± 0.008	0.905 ± 0.009	0.852 ± 0.013	0.481 ± 0.011	0.618 ± 0.014	5	7154	507k	1.2m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.624	0.624 ± 0.003	0.619 ± 0.003	—	—	0.371 ± 0.017	0.401 ± 0.019	0.444 ± 0.020	0.473 ± 0.019	0.934 ± 0.003	0.817 ± 0.003	0.888 ± 0.004	0.481 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.623	0.623 ± 0.008	0.628 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.361 ± 0.073	0.464 ± 0.082	0.454 ± 0.080	0.446 ± 0.080	0.951 ± 0.009	0.917 ± 0.018	0.779 ± 0.025	0.486 ± 0.005	0.624 ± 0.006	5	11928	507k	2.8m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.622	0.622 ± 0.005	0.608 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.287 ± 0.038	0.418 ± 0.020	0.459 ± 0.030	0.485 ± 0.013	0.899 ± 0.004	0.812 ± 0.005	0.921 ± 0.002	0.476 ± 0.005	0.612 ± 0.006	5	6853	1.6M	22s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.622	0.622 ± 0.010	0.635 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.361 ± 0.031	0.451 ± 0.018	0.369 ± 0.116	0.427 ± 0.109	0.941 ± 0.006	0.907 ± 0.015	0.842 ± 0.007	0.478 ± 0.010	0.614 ± 0.013	5	7154	53k	59s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.618	0.618 ± 0.004	0.614 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.347 ± 0.020	0.421 ± 0.006	0.467 ± 0.014	0.404 ± 0.013	0.891 ± 0.007	0.839 ± 0.007	0.914 ± 0.003	0.476 ± 0.004	0.612 ± 0.005	5	6630	1.6M	44s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.616	0.616 ± 0.007	0.622 ± 0.007	0.367 ± 0.022	0.279 ± 0.021	0.285 ± 0.007	0.271 ± 0.017	0.802 ± 0.017	0.793 ± 0.012	0.947 ± 0.002	0.938 ± 0.004	0.914 ± 0.006	0.622 ± 0.006	0.622 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.615	0.615 ± 0.007	0.594 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.329 ± 0.123	0.375 ± 0.088	0.464 ± 0.020	0.395 ± 0.058	0.933 ± 0.023	0.811 ± 0.046	0.919 ± 0.003	0.470 ± 0.009	0.604 ± 0.011	5	6853	507k	1.2m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.613	0.613 ± 0.013	0.610 ± 0.014	—	—	0.368 ± 0.041	0.328 ± 0.070	0.492 ± 0.044	0.431 ± 0.025	0.935 ± 0.010	0.845 ± 0.022	0.881 ± 0.013	0.476 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.613	0.613 ± 0.010	0.599 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.293 ± 0.093	0.368 ± 0.070	0.453 ± 0.043	0.472 ± 0.043	0.922 ± 0.032	0.806 ± 0.028	0.916 ± 0.006	0.470 ± 0.012	0.604 ± 0.015	5	6853	50k	25s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.611	0.611 ± 0.014	0.607 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.327 ± 0.068	0.367 ± 0.044	0.505 ± 0.039	0.417 ± 0.031	0.923 ± 0.005	0.838 ± 0.017	0.902 ± 0.006	0.475 ± 0.012	0.611 ± 0.016	5	6630	50k	45s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.610	0.610 ± 0.007	0.616 ± 0.007	0.352 ± 0.029	0.293 ± 0.021	0.275 ± 0.029	0.273 ± 0.042	0.784 ± 0.032	0.778 ± 0.024	0.944 ± 0.002	0.937 ± 0.005	0.911 ± 0.005	0.616 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.610	0.610 ± 0.006	0.833 ± 0.008	0.352 ± 0.020	0.232 ± 0.031	0.165 ± 0.038	0.237 ± 0.072	0.768 ± 0.024	0.695 ± 0.029	0.986 ± 0.003	0.970 ± 0.007	0.958 ± 0.002	0.596 ± 0.006	0.596 ± 0.006	5	68604	50k	1.5m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.609	0.609 ± 0.007	0.605 ± 0.008	—	—	0.359 ± 0.054	0.348 ± 0.083	0.443 ± 0.079	0.455 ± 0.059	0.927 ± 0.017	0.827 ± 0.014	0.863 ± 0.026	0.469 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.609	0.609 ± 0.007	0.836 ± 0.010	0.379 ± 0.028	0.205 ± 0.036	0.165 ± 0.044	0.215 ± 0.046	0.776 ± 0.021	0.705 ± 0.039	0.986 ± 0.003	0.968 ± 0.006	0.959 ± 0.002	0.595 ± 0.007	0.595 ± 0.007	5	68604	50k	1.5m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.608	0.608 ± 0.002	0.618 ± 0.002	—	—	0.345 ± 0.009	0.375 ± 0.013	0.422 ± 0.007	0.482 ± 0.009	0.906 ± 0.004	0.861 ± 0.002	0.836 ± 0.008	0.470 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.606	0.606 ± 0.005	0.616 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.313 ± 0.019	0.342 ± 0.010	0.474 ± 0.007	0.480 ± 0.008	0.892 ± 0.003	0.861 ± 0.003	0.823 ± 0.003	0.465 ± 0.004	0.598 ± 0.005	5	11673	—	10s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.606	0.606 ± 0.008	0.611 ± 0.009	0.345 ± 0.033	0.286 ± 0.038	0.277 ± 0.015	0.254 ± 0.022	0.785 ± 0.026	0.763 ± 0.027	0.947 ± 0.003	0.936 ± 0.006	0.911 ± 0.009	0.612 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.605	0.605 ± 0.009	0.600 ± 0.010	—	—	0.311 ± 0.143	0.395 ± 0.103	0.466 ± 0.034	0.399 ± 0.053	0.937 ± 0.005	0.832 ± 0.013	0.871 ± 0.011	0.468 ± 0.013	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.605	0.605 ± 0.008	0.610 ± 0.007	0.352 ± 0.038	0.289 ± 0.010	0.272 ± 0.030	0.262 ± 0.036	0.768 ± 0.016	0.756 ± 0.017	0.946 ± 0.002	0.936 ± 0.006	0.914 ± 0.006	0.611 ± 0.008	0.611 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.605	0.605 ± 0.010	0.601 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.320 ± 0.082	0.364 ± 0.050	0.459 ± 0.064	0.459 ± 0.052	0.914 ± 0.010	0.805 ± 0.022	0.889 ± 0.016	0.468 ± 0.010	0.601 ± 0.012	5	6630	507k	1.3m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.603	0.603 ± 0.012	0.586 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.377 ± 0.067	0.331 ± 0.102	0.414 ± 0.054	0.422 ± 0.089	0.923 ± 0.010	0.811 ± 0.021	0.909 ± 0.004	0.465 ± 0.011	0.598 ± 0.014	5	6853	53k	48s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.603	0.603 ± 0.004	0.597 ± 0.004	—	—	0.280 ± 0.041	0.418 ± 0.015	0.440 ± 0.012	0.413 ± 0.023	0.878 ± 0.002	0.847 ± 0.005	0.852 ± 0.003	0.459 ± 0.004	0.590 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.599	0.599 ± 0.022	0.604 ± 0.023	0.339 ± 0.051	0.284 ± 0.015	0.281 ± 0.017	0.260 ± 0.038	0.751 ± 0.052	0.740 ± 0.074	0.946 ± 0.003	0.934 ± 0.005	0.911 ± 0.005	0.605 ± 0.023	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.598	0.598 ± 0.007	0.686 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.153 ± 0.035	0.284 ± 0.059	0.474 ± 0.040	0.409 ± 0.059	0.877 ± 0.015	0.803 ± 0.012	0.914 ± 0.030	0.435 ± 0.008	0.559 ± 0.011	5	149780	50k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.597	0.597 ± 0.011	0.818 ± 0.014	0.358 ± 0.012	0.211 ± 0.030	0.191 ± 0.028	0.197 ± 0.031	0.746 ± 0.030	0.644 ± 0.055	0.988 ± 0.002	0.962 ± 0.009	0.956 ± 0.003	0.584 ± 0.009	0.584 ± 0.009	5	68604	50k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.597	0.597 ± 0.011	0.822 ± 0.013	0.356 ± 0.028	0.230 ± 0.014	0.168 ± 0.026	0.185 ± 0.061	0.750 ± 0.028	0.662 ± 0.059	0.988 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.004	0.956 ± 0.003	0.584 ± 0.014	0.584 ± 0.014	5	68604	50k	1.5m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.596	0.596 ± 0.007	0.592 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.281 ± 0.107	0.403 ± 0.067	0.454 ± 0.045	0.400 ± 0.043	0.911 ± 0.005	0.831 ± 0.016	0.888 ± 0.007	0.463 ± 0.010	0.595 ± 0.012	5	6630	53k	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.595	0.595 ± 0.014	0.600 ± 0.014	0.339 ± 0.023	0.286 ± 0.026	0.263 ± 0.028	0.247 ± 0.043	0.749 ± 0.039	0.737 ± 0.051	0.941 ± 0.006	0.931 ± 0.004	0.914 ± 0.007	0.601 ± 0.016	0.601 ± 0.016	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.594	0.594 ± 0.010	0.684 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.183 ± 0.030	0.259 ± 0.039	0.472 ± 0.032	0.388 ± 0.059	0.859 ± 0.022	0.807 ± 0.019	0.920 ± 0.004	0.432 ± 0.007	0.556 ± 0.009	5	149780	50k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.593	0.593 ± 0.012	0.599 ± 0.012	0.334 ± 0.021	0.227 ± 0.023	0.211 ± 0.013	0.243 ± 0.042	0.791 ± 0.022	0.778 ± 0.022	0.945 ± 0.003	0.934 ± 0.004	0.890 ± 0.005	0.595 ± 0.011	0.595 ± 0.011	5	10844	50k	1.5m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.589	0.589 ± 0.013	0.586 ± 0.015	—	—	0.268 ± 0.099	0.395 ± 0.030	0.459 ± 0.040	0.384 ± 0.033	0.902 ± 0.025	0.846 ± 0.019	0.837 ± 0.007	0.454 ± 0.017	0.584 ± 0.022	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.589	0.589 ± 0.031	0.795 ± 0.032	0.328 ± 0.120	0.229 ± 0.021	0.077 ± 0.024	0.322 ± 0.037	0.648 ± 0.082	0.551 ± 0.084	0.992 ± 0.003	0.973 ± 0.005	0.986 ± 0.004	0.567 ± 0.032	0.567 ± 0.032	5	68604	50k	1.9m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.588	0.588 ± 0.010	0.590 ± 0.010	—	—	0.316 ± 0.116	0.380 ± 0.071	0.487 ± 0.033	0.311 ± 0.064	0.915 ± 0.019	0.850 ± 0.017	0.841 ± 0.016	0.456 ± 0.008	0.586 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.587	0.587 ± 0.011	0.806 ± 0.021	0.351 ± 0.030	0.230 ± 0.021	0.155 ± 0.042	0.183 ± 0.045	0.726 ± 0.042	0.608 ± 0.086	0.986 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.004	0.950 ± 0.002	0.572 ± 0.014	0.572 ± 0.014	5	68604	50k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.586	0.586 ± 0.001	0.671 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.118 ± 0.009	0.228 ± 0.005	0.443 ± 0.014	0.413 ± 0.017	0.842 ± 0.004	0.837 ± 0.006	0.903 ± 0.006	0.420 ± 0.001	0.541 ± 0.002	5	149780	1.6M	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.586	0.586 ± 0.006	0.643 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.178 ± 0.010	0.311 ± 0.013	0.604 ± 0.001	0.417 ± 0.008	0.509 ± 0.049	0.728 ± 0.013	0.952 ± 0.002	0.411 ± 0.006	0.528 ± 0.008	5	37620	—	9s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.585	0.585 ± 0.007	0.677 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.106 ± 0.080	0.226 ± 0.075	0.448 ± 0.065	0.417 ± 0.072	0.886 ± 0.021	0.791 ± 0.021	0.918 ± 0.010	0.421 ± 0.005	0.542 ± 0.007	5	149780	507k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.585	0.585 ± 0.020	0.807 ± 0.031	0.354 ± 0.015	0.224 ± 0.014	0.160 ± 0.053	0.164 ± 0.033	0.724 ± 0.058	0.615 ± 0.139	0.986 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.007	0.951 ± 0.003	0.571 ± 0.023	0.571 ± 0.023	5	68604	50k	3.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.584	0.584 ± 0.010	0.589 ± 0.010	0.313 ± 0.014	0.226 ± 0.026	0.201 ± 0.048	0.240 ± 0.027	0.772 ± 0.036	0.759 ± 0.037	0.942 ± 0.002	0.931 ± 0.012	0.890 ± 0.006	0.586 ± 0.013	0.586 ± 0.013	5	10844	50k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.582	0.582 ± 0.002	0.668 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.102 ± 0.012	0.237 ± 0.023	0.427 ± 0.031	0.418 ± 0.026	0.833 ± 0.003	0.834 ± 0.013	0.900 ± 0.009	0.417 ± 0.003	0.536 ± 0.004	5	149780	1.6M	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.582	0.582 ± 0.008	0.584 ± 0.006	—	—	0.357 ± 0.048	0.357 ± 0.043	0.473 ± 0.048	0.324 ± 0.052	0.914 ± 0.009	0.848 ± 0.019	0.833 ± 0.007	0.456 ± 0.005	0.587 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.580	0.580 ± 0.007	0.586 ± 0.007	0.315 ± 0.037	0.244 ± 0.012	0.197 ± 0.029	0.222 ± 0.039	0.762 ± 0.024	0.739 ± 0.037	0.944 ± 0.006	0.930 ± 0.008	0.888 ± 0.005	0.582 ± 0.010	0.582 ± 0.010	5	10844	50k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.579	0.579 ± 0.015	0.585 ± 0.015	0.311 ± 0.022	0.222 ± 0.013	0.200 ± 0.022	0.229 ± 0.024	0.772 ± 0.043	0.742 ± 0.050	0.943 ± 0.008	0.926 ± 0.010	0.891 ± 0.013	0.582 ± 0.015	0.582 ± 0.015	5	10844	50k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.577	0.577 ± 0.010	0.658 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	0.120 ± 0.022	0.226 ± 0.041	0.480 ± 0.049	0.357 ± 0.104	0.872 ± 0.019	0.777 ± 0.025	0.874 ± 0.058	0.412 ± 0.014	0.530 ± 0.018	5	149780	507k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.574	0.574 ± 0.021	0.579 ± 0.021	0.306 ± 0.018	0.238 ± 0.023	0.201 ± 0.016	0.246 ± 0.024	0.736 ± 0.063	0.713 ± 0.091	0.941 ± 0.003	0.921 ± 0.006	0.890 ± 0.005	0.577 ± 0.021	0.577 ± 0.021	5	10844	50k	3.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.571	0.571 ± 0.012	0.577 ± 0.012	0.317 ± 0.019	0.229 ± 0.019	0.204 ± 0.035	0.225 ± 0.037	0.735 ± 0.050	0.705 ± 0.068	0.938 ± 0.007	0.919 ± 0.007	0.887 ± 0.004	0.573 ± 0.014	0.573 ± 0.014	5	10844	50k	1.5m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.568	0.568 ± 0.029	0.575 ± 0.029	0.275 ± 0.069	0.273 ± 0.034	0.169 ± 0.058	0.297 ± 0.039	0.657 ± 0.100	0.660 ± 0.089	0.956 ± 0.004	0.929 ± 0.009	0.941 ± 0.004	0.573 ± 0.030	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.566	0.566 ± 0.028	0.572 ± 0.028	0.266 ± 0.053	0.252 ± 0.047	0.166 ± 0.024	0.323 ± 0.051	0.656 ± 0.110	0.613 ± 0.137	0.955 ± 0.008	0.943 ± 0.010	0.947 ± 0.009	0.569 ± 0.029	0.569 ± 0.029	5	10844	50k	1.9m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.558	0.558 ± 0.003	0.579 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.103 ± 0.022	0.113 ± 0.038	0.436 ± 0.018	0.283 ± 0.025	0.899 ± 0.003	0.680 ± 0.010	0.852 ± 0.010	0.374 ± 0.003	0.481 ± 0.003	5	16980	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.553	0.553 ± 0.003	0.572 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.029 ± 0.030	0.172 ± 0.015	0.402 ± 0.023	0.331 ± 0.026	0.891 ± 0.005	0.685 ± 0.006	0.853 ± 0.015	0.374 ± 0.002	0.480 ± 0.003	5	16980	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.550	0.550 ± 0.009	0.556 ± 0.008	0.223 ± 0.076	0.272 ± 0.013	0.243 ± 0.026	0.278 ± 0.049	0.619 ± 0.028	0.569 ± 0.069	0.941 ± 0.003	0.929 ± 0.009	0.922 ± 0.005	0.555 ± 0.013	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.548	0.548 ± 0.005	0.749 ± 0.009	0.264 ± 0.079	0.245 ± 0.030	0.140 ± 0.023	0.232 ± 0.021	0.606 ± 0.011	0.424 ± 0.045	0.977 ± 0.005	0.945 ± 0.011	0.963 ± 0.007	0.533 ± 0.010	0.533 ± 0.010	5	68604	53k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.547	0.547 ± 0.013	0.564 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	0.083 ± 0.064	0.169 ± 0.041	0.367 ± 0.075	0.323 ± 0.089	0.863 ± 0.022	0.612 ± 0.014	0.847 ± 0.032	0.363 ± 0.007	0.466 ± 0.009	5	16980	50k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.546	0.546 ± 0.008	0.552 ± 0.008	0.235 ± 0.018	0.274 ± 0.027	0.222 ± 0.030	0.276 ± 0.022	0.630 ± 0.037	0.572 ± 0.041	0.941 ± 0.004	0.917 ± 0.008	0.909 ± 0.010	0.553 ± 0.009	0.553 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.546	0.546 ± 0.002	0.746 ± 0.004	0.042 ± 0.048	0.202 ± 0.009	0.112 ± 0.065	0.283 ± 0.008	0.591 ± 0.017	0.368 ± 0.029	0.981 ± 0.007	0.969 ± 0.006	0.988 ± 0.001	0.504 ± 0.006	0.504 ± 0.006	5	68604	1.6M	54s
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.542	0.542 ± 0.001	0.740 ± 0.003	0.140 ± 0.063	0.201 ± 0.018	0.104 ± 0.035	0.289 ± 0.011	0.579 ± 0.015	0.383 ± 0.026	0.969 ± 0.001	0.942 ± 0.007	0.981 ± 0.004	0.510 ± 0.006	0.510 ± 0.006	5	68604	53k	2.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.541	0.541 ± 0.006	0.547 ± 0.007	0.219 ± 0.098	0.286 ± 0.025	0.219 ± 0.049	0.275 ± 0.018	0.594 ± 0.027	0.523 ± 0.033	0.941 ± 0.006	0.930 ± 0.005	0.916 ± 0.007	0.545 ± 0.008	0.545 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.541	0.541 ± 0.001	0.742 ± 0.003	0.393 ± 0.009	0.224 ± 0.009	0.106 ± 0.013	0.070 ± 0.045	0.609 ± 0.004	0.321 ± 0.011	0.962 ± 0.005	0.949 ± 0.007	0.974 ± 0.002	0.512 ± 0.004	0.512 ± 0.004	5	68604	1.6M	35s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.541	0.541 ± 0.001	0.742 ± 0.002	0.389 ± 0.005	0.222 ± 0.006	0.108 ± 0.024	0.085 ± 0.033	0.605 ± 0.005	0.328 ± 0.014	0.964 ± 0.006	0.950 ± 0.006	0.975 ± 0.001	0.514 ± 0.003	0.514 ± 0.003	5	68604	1.6M	35s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.541	0.541 ± 0.004	0.612 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.060 ± 0.026	0.181 ± 0.048	0.382 ± 0.089	0.380 ± 0.119	0.809 ± 0.007	0.726 ± 0.025	0.864 ± 0.016	0.378 ± 0.005	0.486 ± 0.007	5	149780	53k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.539	0.539 ± 0.005	0.740 ± 0.007	0.286 ± 0.029	0.227 ± 0.038	0.106 ± 0.048	0.213 ± 0.051	0.606 ± 0.017	0.423 ± 0.029	0.967 ± 0.003	0.926 ± 0.008	0.950 ± 0.005	0.523 ± 0.006	0.523 ± 0.006	5	68604	53k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.539	0.539 ± 0.016	0.553 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	0.147 ± 0.021	0.062 ± 0.046	0.393 ± 0.039	0.301 ± 0.041	0.880 ± 0.015	0.599 ± 0.030	0.858 ± 0.008	0.360 ± 0.011	0.463 ± 0.014	5	16980	50k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.539	0.539 ± 0.002	0.553 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.241 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.557 ± 0.009	0.415 ± 0.011	0.015 ± 0.011	0.639 ± 0.001	0.943 ± 0.000	0.312 ± 0.002	0.401 ± 0.003	5	16980	—	10s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.538	0.538 ± 0.003	0.737 ± 0.005	0.274 ± 0.073	0.240 ± 0.024	0.121 ± 0.056	0.209 ± 0.051	0.586 ± 0.012	0.400 ± 0.025	0.978 ± 0.004	0.944 ± 0.007	0.953 ± 0.005	0.523 ± 0.003	0.523 ± 0.003	5	68604	53k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.538	0.538 ± 0.001	0.735 ± 0.002	0.402 ± 0.010	0.213 ± 0.015	0.073 ± 0.042	0.071 ± 0.023	0.594 ± 0.004	0.358 ± 0.008	0.943 ± 0.005	0.934 ± 0.007	0.974 ± 0.003	0.507 ± 0.003	0.507 ± 0.003	5	68604	1.6M	36s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.537	0.537 ± 0.007	0.609 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.062 ± 0.018	0.179 ± 0.049	0.343 ± 0.060	0.435 ± 0.039	0.811 ± 0.015	0.714 ± 0.010	0.861 ± 0.014	0.378 ± 0.007	0.486 ± 0.009	5	149780	53k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.537	0.537 ± 0.009	0.543 ± 0.009	0.231 ± 0.055	0.264 ± 0.022	0.215 ± 0.036	0.264 ± 0.039	0.597 ± 0.041	0.555 ± 0.042	0.934 ± 0.004	0.906 ± 0.009	0.912 ± 0.011	0.542 ± 0.009	0.542 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.537	0.537 ± 0.003	0.734 ± 0.005	0.390 ± 0.012	0.214 ± 0.008	0.073 ± 0.034	0.077 ± 0.009	0.595 ± 0.008	0.350 ± 0.020	0.944 ± 0.007	0.935 ± 0.008	0.971 ± 0.008	0.505 ± 0.005	0.505 ± 0.005	5	68604	1.6M	36s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.536	0.536 ± 0.005	0.542 ± 0.005	0.243 ± 0.047	0.263 ± 0.036	0.217 ± 0.029	0.264 ± 0.029	0.601 ± 0.015	0.514 ± 0.031	0.940 ± 0.006	0.914 ± 0.008	0.915 ± 0.007	0.541 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.536	0.536 ± 0.004	0.736 ± 0.004	0.287 ± 0.048	0.236 ± 0.032	0.103 ± 0.025	0.202 ± 0.042	0.604 ± 0.016	0.387 ± 0.028	0.968 ± 0.010	0.929 ± 0.014	0.949 ± 0.003	0.518 ± 0.004	0.518 ± 0.004	5	68604	53k	4.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.535	0.535 ± 0.002	0.735 ± 0.005	0.370 ± 0.009	0.208 ± 0.014	0.140 ± 0.026	0.072 ± 0.028	0.600 ± 0.006	0.338 ± 0.016	0.958 ± 0.011	0.935 ± 0.009	0.969 ± 0.003	0.510 ± 0.005	0.510 ± 0.005	5	68604	1.6M	1.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.534	0.534 ± 0.003	0.733 ± 0.001	0.375 ± 0.008	0.205 ± 0.018	0.135 ± 0.016	0.092 ± 0.011	0.599 ± 0.006	0.335 ± 0.019	0.955 ± 0.003	0.933 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.511 ± 0.004	0.511 ± 0.004	5	68604	1.6M	35s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.534	0.534 ± 0.015	0.546 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	0.065 ± 0.078	0.115 ± 0.128	0.329 ± 0.024	0.327 ± 0.065	0.868 ± 0.023	0.632 ± 0.027	0.855 ± 0.035	0.354 ± 0.011	0.456 ± 0.014	5	16980	507k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.533	0.533 ± 0.009	0.732 ± 0.009	0.287 ± 0.065	0.233 ± 0.018	0.078 ± 0.024	0.207 ± 0.024	0.595 ± 0.018	0.421 ± 0.019	0.956 ± 0.005	0.911 ± 0.012	0.951 ± 0.003	0.515 ± 0.012	0.515 ± 0.012	5	68604	53k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.533	0.533 ± 0.008	0.730 ± 0.013	0.298 ± 0.060	0.247 ± 0.030	0.113 ± 0.026	0.176 ± 0.032	0.588 ± 0.028	0.403 ± 0.042	0.956 ± 0.009	0.914 ± 0.020	0.955 ± 0.006	0.517 ± 0.008	0.517 ± 0.008	5	68604	53k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.530	0.530 ± 0.014	0.536 ± 0.013	0.251 ± 0.078	0.227 ± 0.010	0.180 ± 0.020	0.298 ± 0.021	0.572 ± 0.032	0.508 ± 0.054	0.934 ± 0.007	0.908 ± 0.014	0.915 ± 0.013	0.533 ± 0.016	0.533 ± 0.016	5	10844	53k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.530	0.530 ± 0.009	0.536 ± 0.009	0.242 ± 0.033	0.256 ± 0.033	0.199 ± 0.032	0.252 ± 0.036	0.588 ± 0.032	0.520 ± 0.057	0.936 ± 0.005	0.909 ± 0.014	0.913 ± 0.007	0.535 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.527	0.527 ± 0.005	0.534 ± 0.004	0.084 ± 0.025	0.160 ± 0.005	0.133 ± 0.087	0.375 ± 0.005	0.563 ± 0.023	0.471 ± 0.027	0.927 ± 0.009	0.925 ± 0.007	0.950 ± 0.002	0.510 ± 0.009	0.510 ± 0.009	5	10844	1.6M	54s
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.526	0.526 ± 0.004	0.733 ± 0.001	0.320 ± 0.014	0.190 ± 0.020	0.171 ± 0.019	0.203 ± 0.017	0.565 ± 0.003	0.464 ± 0.004	0.892 ± 0.003	0.916 ± 0.002	0.972 ± 0.002	0.521 ± 0.004	0.521 ± 0.004	5	68604	—	9s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.526	0.526 ± 0.020	0.548 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.192 ± 0.077	0.150 ± 0.172	0.379 ± 0.085	0.330 ± 0.120	0.782 ± 0.016	0.609 ± 0.025	0.833 ± 0.022	0.364 ± 0.012	0.468 ± 0.016	5	16980	507k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.525	0.525 ± 0.004	0.531 ± 0.004	0.309 ± 0.008	0.246 ± 0.020	0.188 ± 0.034	0.164 ± 0.039	0.584 ± 0.013	0.477 ± 0.013	0.944 ± 0.005	0.918 ± 0.008	0.921 ± 0.009	0.528 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.523	0.523 ± 0.003	0.530 ± 0.003	0.315 ± 0.012	0.248 ± 0.003	0.174 ± 0.038	0.168 ± 0.021	0.571 ± 0.018	0.471 ± 0.032	0.945 ± 0.004	0.915 ± 0.010	0.921 ± 0.009	0.525 ± 0.005	0.525 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.522	0.522 ± 0.013	0.635 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.016 ± 0.044	0.170 ± 0.031	0.414 ± 0.047	0.381 ± 0.068	0.894 ± 0.021	0.699 ± 0.026	0.858 ± 0.027	0.381 ± 0.015	0.490 ± 0.019	5	16980	50k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.522	0.522 ± 0.010	0.528 ± 0.010	0.272 ± 0.016	0.205 ± 0.026	0.155 ± 0.070	0.278 ± 0.031	0.580 ± 0.053	0.499 ± 0.043	0.931 ± 0.006	0.889 ± 0.008	0.898 ± 0.010	0.523 ± 0.011	0.523 ± 0.011	5	10844	53k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.521	0.521 ± 0.012	0.564 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.107 ± 0.041	0.129 ± 0.052	0.389 ± 0.051	0.348 ± 0.033	0.842 ± 0.023	0.636 ± 0.019	0.803 ± 0.010	0.362 ± 0.011	0.465 ± 0.014	5	149780	50k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.520	0.520 ± 0.002	0.526 ± 0.002	0.251 ± 0.071	0.215 ± 0.022	0.175 ± 0.059	0.274 ± 0.035	0.548 ± 0.034	0.484 ± 0.030	0.935 ± 0.007	0.906 ± 0.009	0.903 ± 0.013	0.521 ± 0.005	0.521 ± 0.005	5	10844	53k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.519	0.519 ± 0.004	0.526 ± 0.003	0.322 ± 0.004	0.239 ± 0.006	0.149 ± 0.042	0.137 ± 0.028	0.550 ± 0.020	0.488 ± 0.036	0.940 ± 0.005	0.919 ± 0.003	0.924 ± 0.006	0.518 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.519	0.519 ± 0.009	0.526 ± 0.009	0.147 ± 0.018	0.184 ± 0.014	0.114 ± 0.041	0.375 ± 0.007	0.535 ± 0.018	0.460 ± 0.028	0.911 ± 0.009	0.888 ± 0.009	0.936 ± 0.009	0.506 ± 0.010	0.506 ± 0.010	5	10844	53k	2.9m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.519	0.519 ± 0.006	0.526 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.066 ± 0.059	0.087 ± 0.086	0.357 ± 0.032	0.294 ± 0.031	0.838 ± 0.009	0.660 ± 0.064	0.826 ± 0.019	0.348 ± 0.006	0.447 ± 0.008	5	16980	53k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.518	0.518 ± 0.005	0.524 ± 0.005	0.246 ± 0.018	0.208 ± 0.019	0.346 ± 0.018	0.296 ± 0.010	0.478 ± 0.005	0.489 ± 0.009	0.852 ± 0.005	0.820 ± 0.009	0.829 ± 0.007	0.507 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.518	0.518 ± 0.003	0.525 ± 0.003	0.329 ± 0.010	0.234 ± 0.011	0.137 ± 0.023	0.134 ± 0.026	0.560 ± 0.017	0.468 ± 0.040	0.941 ± 0.003	0.918 ± 0.004	0.923 ± 0.004	0.516 ± 0.002	0.516 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.518	0.518 ± 0.002	0.537 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.084 ± 0.010	0.105 ± 0.026	0.444 ± 0.008	0.113 ± 0.012	0.873 ± 0.007	0.591 ± 0.009	0.831 ± 0.006	0.338 ± 0.002	0.434 ± 0.002	5	37620	1.6M	—
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.517	0.517 ± 0.005	0.525 ± 0.005	0.138 ± 0.042	0.219 ± 0.020	0.109 ± 0.023	0.331 ± 0.012	0.520 ± 0.028	0.491 ± 0.019	0.940 ± 0.004	0.913 ± 0.018	0.933 ± 0.008	0.510 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.515	0.515 ± 0.005	0.522 ± 0.005	0.296 ± 0.023	0.220 ± 0.011	0.205 ± 0.030	0.198 ± 0.028	0.559 ± 0.024	0.456 ± 0.013	0.943 ± 0.003	0.904 ± 0.004	0.908 ± 0.026	0.521 ± 0.005	0.521 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.515	0.515 ± 0.003	0.522 ± 0.003	0.329 ± 0.003	0.192 ± 0.015	0.103 ± 0.030	0.170 ± 0.030	0.519 ± 0.020	0.498 ± 0.031	0.919 ± 0.004	0.918 ± 0.003	0.938 ± 0.002	0.510 ± 0.003	0.510 ± 0.003	5	10844	1.6M	36s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.515	0.515 ± 0.009	0.560 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.103 ± 0.069	0.156 ± 0.081	0.367 ± 0.054	0.343 ± 0.059	0.811 ± 0.037	0.632 ± 0.017	0.803 ± 0.023	0.357 ± 0.005	0.459 ± 0.007	5	149780	50k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.515	0.515 ± 0.010	0.521 ± 0.010	0.274 ± 0.029	0.215 ± 0.016	0.149 ± 0.022	0.273 ± 0.043	0.543 ± 0.035	0.472 ± 0.050	0.928 ± 0.006	0.888 ± 0.008	0.905 ± 0.010	0.516 ± 0.011	0.516 ± 0.011	5	10844	53k	1.9m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.514	0.514 ± 0.045	0.551 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.119 ± 0.043	0.028 ± 0.052	0.351 ± 0.070	0.316 ± 0.093	0.882 ± 0.020	0.608 ± 0.023	0.841 ± 0.011	0.349 ± 0.009	0.449 ± 0.011	5	16980	507k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.514	0.514 ± 0.039	0.557 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.229 ± 0.083	0.115 ± 0.153	0.364 ± 0.044	0.364 ± 0.045	0.787 ± 0.030	0.624 ± 0.015	0.833 ± 0.011	0.369 ± 0.016	0.474 ± 0.020	5	16980	50k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.514	0.514 ± 0.005	0.520 ± 0.005	0.267 ± 0.039	0.205 ± 0.018	0.146 ± 0.023	0.283 ± 0.029	0.554 ± 0.022	0.466 ± 0.019	0.926 ± 0.009	0.881 ± 0.008	0.903 ± 0.006	0.515 ± 0.004	0.515 ± 0.004	5	10844	53k	4.2m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.514	0.514 ± 0.008	0.623 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.012 ± 0.032	0.137 ± 0.022	0.391 ± 0.034	0.389 ± 0.069	0.875 ± 0.026	0.686 ± 0.021	0.846 ± 0.016	0.371 ± 0.006	0.476 ± 0.008	5	16980	50k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.514	0.514 ± 0.012	0.520 ± 0.012	0.248 ± 0.032	0.214 ± 0.016	0.143 ± 0.019	0.275 ± 0.043	0.554 ± 0.035	0.498 ± 0.039	0.923 ± 0.012	0.879 ± 0.015	0.896 ± 0.014	0.514 ± 0.012	0.514 ± 0.012	5	10844	53k	1.9m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.513	0.513 ± 0.015	0.525 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.057 ± 0.070	0.104 ± 0.081	0.393 ± 0.027	0.276 ± 0.036	0.845 ± 0.015	0.629 ± 0.045	0.806 ± 0.027	0.346 ± 0.011	0.445 ± 0.014	5	16980	53k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.513	0.513 ± 0.007	0.519 ± 0.008	0.288 ± 0.032	0.226 ± 0.018	0.227 ± 0.007	0.172 ± 0.041	0.549 ± 0.018	0.451 ± 0.027	0.944 ± 0.002	0.900 ± 0.004	0.915 ± 0.003	0.519 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.512	0.512 ± 0.003	0.519 ± 0.002	0.300 ± 0.016	0.189 ± 0.014	0.155 ± 0.033	0.224 ± 0.017	0.533 ± 0.012	0.491 ± 0.012	0.927 ± 0.005	0.896 ± 0.006	0.918 ± 0.032	0.515 ± 0.005	0.515 ± 0.005	5	10844	1.6M	35s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.512	0.512 ± 0.018	0.561 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	0.107 ± 0.041	0.107 ± 0.045	0.356 ± 0.080	0.354 ± 0.101	0.842 ± 0.027	0.626 ± 0.036	0.814 ± 0.017	0.356 ± 0.011	0.458 ± 0.015	5	149780	507k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.512	0.512 ± 0.005	0.529 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.011 ± 0.018	0.171 ± 0.004	0.426 ± 0.014	0.171 ± 0.028	0.869 ± 0.009	0.606 ± 0.018	0.827 ± 0.012	0.342 ± 0.004	0.440 ± 0.005	5	37620	1.6M	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.511	0.511 ± 0.012	0.520 ± 0.012	0.189 ± 0.098	0.295 ± 0.054	0.198 ± 0.115	0.221 ± 0.124	0.510 ± 0.050	0.508 ± 0.019	0.935 ± 0.007	0.862 ± 0.014	0.813 ± 0.018	0.504 ± 0.014	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.510	0.510 ± 0.003	0.516 ± 0.003	0.320 ± 0.006	0.190 ± 0.003	0.100 ± 0.034	0.167 ± 0.020	0.498 ± 0.029	0.488 ± 0.022	0.922 ± 0.012	0.919 ± 0.004	0.938 ± 0.003	0.505 ± 0.005	0.505 ± 0.005	5	10844	1.6M	36s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.509	0.509 ± 0.002	0.516 ± 0.003	0.298 ± 0.012	0.186 ± 0.012	0.158 ± 0.027	0.203 ± 0.048	0.531 ± 0.012	0.493 ± 0.035	0.919 ± 0.011	0.892 ± 0.010	0.929 ± 0.010	0.512 ± 0.005	0.512 ± 0.005	5	10844	1.6M	1.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.508	0.508 ± 0.003	0.515 ± 0.003	0.322 ± 0.003	0.201 ± 0.007	0.123 ± 0.028	0.194 ± 0.033	0.514 ± 0.016	0.449 ± 0.037	0.918 ± 0.004	0.907 ± 0.009	0.936 ± 0.011	0.507 ± 0.004	0.507 ± 0.004	5	10844	1.6M	35s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.508	0.508 ± 0.003	0.515 ± 0.003	0.319 ± 0.008	0.190 ± 0.015	0.133 ± 0.027	0.191 ± 0.066	0.523 ± 0.013	0.442 ± 0.027	0.915 ± 0.006	0.911 ± 0.012	0.934 ± 0.009	0.507 ± 0.005	0.507 ± 0.005	5	10844	1.6M	35s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.507	0.507 ± 0.009	0.516 ± 0.011	0.134 ± 0.083	0.271 ± 0.052	0.278 ± 0.068	0.239 ± 0.064	0.486 ± 0.037	0.497 ± 0.021	0.939 ± 0.011	0.864 ± 0.014	0.756 ± 0.017	0.496 ± 0.010	0.496 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.506	0.506 ± 0.005	0.514 ± 0.006	0.067 ± 0.020	0.192 ± 0.003	0.099 ± 0.055	0.321 ± 0.017	0.534 ± 0.025	0.481 ± 0.029	0.945 ± 0.004	0.914 ± 0.005	0.936 ± 0.004	0.499 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.505	0.505 ± 0.010	0.542 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.085 ± 0.078	0.099 ± 0.082	0.373 ± 0.027	0.317 ± 0.063	0.826 ± 0.026	0.610 ± 0.019	0.799 ± 0.022	0.345 ± 0.012	0.444 ± 0.015	5	149780	507k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.504	0.504 ± 0.012	0.512 ± 0.012	0.151 ± 0.078	0.315 ± 0.039	0.235 ± 0.031	0.230 ± 0.111	0.491 ± 0.058	0.487 ± 0.040	0.949 ± 0.009	0.824 ± 0.017	0.790 ± 0.005	0.497 ± 0.014	0.497 ± 0.014	5	5091	50k	42s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.504	0.504 ± 0.015	0.609 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	0.021 ± 0.058	0.098 ± 0.040	0.370 ± 0.079	0.381 ± 0.084	0.858 ± 0.023	0.688 ± 0.028	0.845 ± 0.027	0.362 ± 0.006	0.466 ± 0.008	5	16980	507k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.502	0.502 ± 0.008	0.513 ± 0.008	0.240 ± 0.040	0.282 ± 0.014	0.141 ± 0.014	0.226 ± 0.022	0.536 ± 0.030	0.448 ± 0.014	0.929 ± 0.005	0.881 ± 0.013	0.757 ± 0.015	0.493 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.502	0.502 ± 0.006	0.512 ± 0.006	0.082 ± 0.027	0.285 ± 0.029	0.259 ± 0.038	0.264 ± 0.040	0.484 ± 0.009	0.408 ± 0.014	0.950 ± 0.003	0.893 ± 0.007	0.717 ± 0.006	0.483 ± 0.006	0.483 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.501	0.501 ± 0.011	0.510 ± 0.011	0.208 ± 0.060	0.255 ± 0.034	0.139 ± 0.048	0.282 ± 0.080	0.486 ± 0.056	0.489 ± 0.046	0.920 ± 0.014	0.869 ± 0.015	0.805 ± 0.035	0.495 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.499	0.499 ± 0.014	0.596 ± 0.036	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.151 ± 0.026	0.443 ± 0.047	0.296 ± 0.095	0.863 ± 0.042	0.661 ± 0.041	0.826 ± 0.052	0.360 ± 0.016	0.463 ± 0.021	5	16980	507k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.496	0.496 ± 0.014	0.504 ± 0.015	0.161 ± 0.099	0.294 ± 0.035	0.199 ± 0.036	0.297 ± 0.040	0.434 ± 0.113	0.452 ± 0.064	0.935 ± 0.018	0.837 ± 0.009	0.786 ± 0.017	0.488 ± 0.014	0.488 ± 0.014	5	5091	507k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.493	0.493 ± 0.019	0.503 ± 0.026	n/a	n/a	0.062 ± 0.046	0.161 ± 0.040	0.336 ± 0.077	0.196 ± 0.091	0.820 ± 0.036	0.492 ± 0.027	0.834 ± 0.030	0.322 ± 0.008	0.414 ± 0.010	5	37620	50k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.493	0.493 ± 0.073	0.555 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.012 ± 0.032	0.210 ± 0.149	0.320 ± 0.097	0.406 ± 0.074	0.808 ± 0.035	0.647 ± 0.017	0.824 ± 0.025	0.359 ± 0.012	0.461 ± 0.016	5	16980	507k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.493	0.493 ± 0.014	0.502 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	0.115 ± 0.022	0.060 ± 0.045	0.370 ± 0.038	0.158 ± 0.017	0.863 ± 0.014	0.480 ± 0.027	0.846 ± 0.009	0.321 ± 0.009	0.413 ± 0.012	5	37620	50k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.492	0.492 ± 0.018	0.499 ± 0.016	0.164 ± 0.076	0.198 ± 0.084	0.204 ± 0.038	0.226 ± 0.102	0.468 ± 0.082	0.494 ± 0.049	0.940 ± 0.015	0.861 ± 0.019	0.758 ± 0.041	0.479 ± 0.024	0.479 ± 0.024	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.491	0.491 ± 0.012	0.497 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.319 ± 0.039	0.386 ± 0.044	0.391 ± 0.023	0.356 ± 0.055	0.714 ± 0.008	0.618 ± 0.052	0.631 ± 0.019	0.379 ± 0.009	0.488 ± 0.012	5	11928	50k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.489	0.489 ± 0.011	0.496 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.277 ± 0.034	0.397 ± 0.051	0.394 ± 0.026	0.368 ± 0.057	0.706 ± 0.031	0.630 ± 0.030	0.627 ± 0.029	0.378 ± 0.005	0.486 ± 0.006	5	11928	50k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.488	0.488 ± 0.008	0.506 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.070 ± 0.019	0.135 ± 0.016	0.372 ± 0.048	0.339 ± 0.053	0.781 ± 0.018	0.541 ± 0.008	0.747 ± 0.037	0.332 ± 0.004	0.426 ± 0.005	5	149780	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.487	0.487 ± 0.010	0.605 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.013 ± 0.036	0.147 ± 0.026	0.280 ± 0.051	0.413 ± 0.083	0.880 ± 0.025	0.589 ± 0.031	0.851 ± 0.020	0.353 ± 0.009	0.453 ± 0.012	5	37620	50k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.486	0.486 ± 0.006	0.495 ± 0.006	0.102 ± 0.036	0.326 ± 0.016	0.260 ± 0.028	0.175 ± 0.024	0.453 ± 0.022	0.409 ± 0.010	0.928 ± 0.004	0.872 ± 0.010	0.756 ± 0.008	0.476 ± 0.006	0.476 ± 0.006	5	5091	1.6M	39s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.484	0.484 ± 0.013	0.499 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.156 ± 0.075	0.120 ± 0.105	0.287 ± 0.096	0.329 ± 0.115	0.770 ± 0.033	0.509 ± 0.032	0.819 ± 0.028	0.332 ± 0.013	0.427 ± 0.017	5	37620	507k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.484	0.484 ± 0.016	0.491 ± 0.013	0.160 ± 0.098	0.323 ± 0.039	0.142 ± 0.053	0.278 ± 0.114	0.440 ± 0.063	0.313 ± 0.055	0.907 ± 0.017	0.878 ± 0.013	0.801 ± 0.028	0.471 ± 0.017	0.471 ± 0.017	5	4982	50k	20s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.483	0.483 ± 0.016	0.600 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.016 ± 0.045	0.172 ± 0.030	0.325 ± 0.038	0.362 ± 0.074	0.884 ± 0.027	0.571 ± 0.028	0.863 ± 0.031	0.355 ± 0.018	0.456 ± 0.023	5	37620	50k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.483	0.483 ± 0.051	0.562 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.217 ± 0.035	0.338 ± 0.111	0.390 ± 0.081	0.833 ± 0.018	0.636 ± 0.026	0.835 ± 0.016	0.361 ± 0.011	0.464 ± 0.014	5	16980	50k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.479	0.479 ± 0.007	0.498 ± 0.009	0.124 ± 0.040	0.249 ± 0.043	0.139 ± 0.015	0.276 ± 0.047	0.585 ± 0.017	0.258 ± 0.013	0.909 ± 0.005	0.905 ± 0.004	0.758 ± 0.007	0.467 ± 0.006	0.467 ± 0.006	5	4982	1.6M	17s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.478	0.478 ± 0.042	0.518 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.196 ± 0.052	0.078 ± 0.103	0.293 ± 0.038	0.384 ± 0.032	0.777 ± 0.035	0.553 ± 0.022	0.813 ± 0.018	0.344 ± 0.013	0.442 ± 0.016	5	37620	50k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.478	0.478 ± 0.013	0.592 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.018 ± 0.051	0.110 ± 0.036	0.310 ± 0.072	0.389 ± 0.050	0.853 ± 0.038	0.592 ± 0.017	0.851 ± 0.022	0.347 ± 0.008	0.446 ± 0.010	5	37620	507k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.478	0.478 ± 0.017	0.485 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	0.055 ± 0.053	0.088 ± 0.068	0.393 ± 0.030	0.117 ± 0.020	0.815 ± 0.006	0.535 ± 0.070	0.797 ± 0.034	0.311 ± 0.014	0.400 ± 0.018	5	37620	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.477	0.477 ± 0.005	0.496 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.071 ± 0.035	0.129 ± 0.049	0.346 ± 0.042	0.328 ± 0.071	0.764 ± 0.017	0.519 ± 0.025	0.760 ± 0.020	0.324 ± 0.007	0.417 ± 0.009	5	149780	53k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.477	0.477 ± 0.005	0.483 ± 0.005	0.213 ± 0.016	0.198 ± 0.006	0.223 ± 0.011	0.213 ± 0.008	0.398 ± 0.005	0.399 ± 0.011	0.804 ± 0.009	0.833 ± 0.012	0.874 ± 0.005	0.462 ± 0.005	0.462 ± 0.005	5	10844	—	9s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.477	0.477 ± 0.012	0.485 ± 0.008	0.102 ± 0.063	0.217 ± 0.100	0.215 ± 0.068	0.224 ± 0.069	0.509 ± 0.025	0.396 ± 0.063	0.922 ± 0.012	0.837 ± 0.018	0.746 ± 0.019	0.463 ± 0.010	0.463 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.476	0.476 ± 0.015	0.487 ± 0.013	0.111 ± 0.051	0.293 ± 0.050	0.113 ± 0.068	0.277 ± 0.010	0.462 ± 0.045	0.427 ± 0.043	0.907 ± 0.028	0.791 ± 0.058	0.787 ± 0.028	0.463 ± 0.021	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.474	0.474 ± 0.021	0.480 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	0.226 ± 0.093	0.359 ± 0.147	0.366 ± 0.061	0.355 ± 0.070	0.740 ± 0.026	0.590 ± 0.057	0.618 ± 0.027	0.361 ± 0.014	0.465 ± 0.018	5	11928	507k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.474	0.474 ± 0.009	0.477 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.049 ± 0.047	0.087 ± 0.068	0.339 ± 0.022	0.191 ± 0.033	0.793 ± 0.011	0.558 ± 0.079	0.811 ± 0.031	0.314 ± 0.010	0.404 ± 0.013	5	37620	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.473	0.473 ± 0.034	0.496 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.095 ± 0.040	0.042 ± 0.040	0.336 ± 0.037	0.148 ± 0.050	0.846 ± 0.019	0.496 ± 0.038	0.841 ± 0.010	0.311 ± 0.010	0.400 ± 0.012	5	37620	507k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.471	0.471 ± 0.015	0.476 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.289 ± 0.039	0.380 ± 0.029	0.401 ± 0.039	0.329 ± 0.090	0.725 ± 0.028	0.596 ± 0.053	0.585 ± 0.019	0.367 ± 0.010	0.472 ± 0.013	5	11928	507k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.471	0.471 ± 0.016	0.471 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	0.047 ± 0.056	0.101 ± 0.098	0.299 ± 0.027	0.190 ± 0.075	0.814 ± 0.045	0.490 ± 0.031	0.830 ± 0.030	0.308 ± 0.010	0.396 ± 0.013	5	37620	507k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.470	0.470 ± 0.026	0.472 ± 0.032	0.173 ± 0.090	0.187 ± 0.117	0.157 ± 0.037	0.224 ± 0.129	0.412 ± 0.120	0.329 ± 0.039	0.909 ± 0.020	0.889 ± 0.022	0.809 ± 0.043	0.454 ± 0.030	0.454 ± 0.030	5	4982	507k	60s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.470	0.470 ± 0.014	0.469 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.260 ± 0.129	0.422 ± 0.057	0.357 ± 0.077	0.223 ± 0.094	0.768 ± 0.019	0.516 ± 0.028	0.761 ± 0.053	0.367 ± 0.016	0.472 ± 0.020	5	11673	50k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.464	0.464 ± 0.008	0.470 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.264 ± 0.016	0.368 ± 0.005	0.361 ± 0.015	0.363 ± 0.010	0.660 ± 0.013	0.655 ± 0.023	0.603 ± 0.012	0.364 ± 0.005	0.468 ± 0.007	5	11928	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.464	0.464 ± 0.028	0.567 ± 0.055	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.150 ± 0.020	0.344 ± 0.053	0.284 ± 0.128	0.840 ± 0.064	0.559 ± 0.077	0.847 ± 0.039	0.336 ± 0.028	0.432 ± 0.037	5	37620	507k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.462	0.462 ± 0.028	0.572 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.167 ± 0.089	0.470 ± 0.006	0.267 ± 0.020	0.843 ± 0.010	0.682 ± 0.008	0.826 ± 0.004	0.362 ± 0.009	0.465 ± 0.012	5	16980	1.6M	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.462	0.462 ± 0.007	0.474 ± 0.007	0.127 ± 0.053	0.217 ± 0.094	0.154 ± 0.025	0.271 ± 0.054	0.510 ± 0.032	0.257 ± 0.055	0.892 ± 0.019	0.848 ± 0.019	0.810 ± 0.018	0.454 ± 0.011	0.454 ± 0.011	5	4982	53k	43s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.461	0.461 ± 0.018	0.469 ± 0.015	0.066 ± 0.051	0.265 ± 0.043	0.214 ± 0.081	0.276 ± 0.013	0.386 ± 0.034	0.391 ± 0.025	0.923 ± 0.043	0.768 ± 0.075	0.761 ± 0.012	0.450 ± 0.023	0.450 ± 0.023	5	5091	53k	2.8m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.456	0.456 ± 0.024	0.453 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	0.419 ± 0.038	0.191 ± 0.141	0.370 ± 0.035	0.205 ± 0.028	0.736 ± 0.043	0.509 ± 0.016	0.753 ± 0.022	0.354 ± 0.020	0.455 ± 0.025	5	11673	50k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.455	0.455 ± 0.045	0.526 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.021 ± 0.044	0.150 ± 0.078	0.415 ± 0.027	0.278 ± 0.043	0.779 ± 0.025	0.629 ± 0.018	0.768 ± 0.025	0.338 ± 0.010	0.434 ± 0.012	5	16980	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.454	0.454 ± 0.047	0.517 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	0.035 ± 0.060	0.196 ± 0.046	0.286 ± 0.088	0.378 ± 0.052	0.807 ± 0.021	0.549 ± 0.021	0.805 ± 0.016	0.340 ± 0.015	0.437 ± 0.020	5	37620	50k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.452	0.452 ± 0.009	0.602 ± 0.014	0.116 ± 0.087	0.131 ± 0.063	0.148 ± 0.037	0.092 ± 0.073	0.409 ± 0.059	0.414 ± 0.062	0.874 ± 0.015	0.708 ± 0.017	0.891 ± 0.007	0.420 ± 0.012	0.420 ± 0.012	5	68604	50k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.452	0.452 ± 0.062	0.503 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.010 ± 0.019	0.172 ± 0.106	0.262 ± 0.087	0.390 ± 0.050	0.767 ± 0.052	0.532 ± 0.024	0.806 ± 0.023	0.327 ± 0.006	0.420 ± 0.008	5	37620	507k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.451	0.451 ± 0.044	0.560 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.080 ± 0.092	0.038 ± 0.043	0.429 ± 0.012	0.301 ± 0.023	0.835 ± 0.009	0.685 ± 0.008	0.822 ± 0.011	0.354 ± 0.014	0.456 ± 0.017	5	16980	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.449	0.449 ± 0.002	0.598 ± 0.002	0.112 ± 0.051	0.119 ± 0.042	0.106 ± 0.013	0.096 ± 0.003	0.467 ± 0.008	0.382 ± 0.009	0.881 ± 0.003	0.770 ± 0.005	0.859 ± 0.002	0.421 ± 0.003	0.421 ± 0.003	5	68604	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.449	0.449 ± 0.001	0.602 ± 0.002	0.011 ± 0.020	0.232 ± 0.034	0.005 ± 0.003	0.176 ± 0.021	0.507 ± 0.007	0.308 ± 0.023	0.889 ± 0.004	0.775 ± 0.005	0.861 ± 0.004	0.418 ± 0.006	0.418 ± 0.006	5	68604	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.449	0.449 ± 0.008	0.453 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.259 ± 0.014	0.374 ± 0.015	0.321 ± 0.020	0.341 ± 0.031	0.642 ± 0.004	0.627 ± 0.019	0.586 ± 0.019	0.350 ± 0.006	0.450 ± 0.007	5	11928	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.446	0.446 ± 0.019	0.447 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	0.363 ± 0.131	0.226 ± 0.245	0.253 ± 0.115	0.265 ± 0.120	0.794 ± 0.038	0.510 ± 0.060	0.777 ± 0.019	0.354 ± 0.017	0.456 ± 0.021	5	11673	507k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.445	0.445 ± 0.010	0.443 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.234 ± 0.200	0.303 ± 0.257	0.313 ± 0.070	0.198 ± 0.044	0.734 ± 0.020	0.552 ± 0.014	0.765 ± 0.050	0.344 ± 0.015	0.443 ± 0.020	5	11673	507k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.442	0.442 ± 0.007	0.585 ± 0.009	0.095 ± 0.048	0.112 ± 0.045	0.144 ± 0.040	0.103 ± 0.049	0.396 ± 0.088	0.384 ± 0.110	0.857 ± 0.022	0.693 ± 0.017	0.888 ± 0.012	0.408 ± 0.007	0.408 ± 0.007	5	68604	507k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.441	0.441 ± 0.002	0.584 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.017 ± 0.016	0.146 ± 0.005	0.420 ± 0.035	0.373 ± 0.038	0.879 ± 0.005	0.762 ± 0.004	0.868 ± 0.007	0.385 ± 0.003	0.385 ± 0.003	5	68604	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.441	0.441 ± 0.014	0.589 ± 0.021	0.102 ± 0.108	0.132 ± 0.030	0.021 ± 0.027	0.156 ± 0.049	0.383 ± 0.082	0.421 ± 0.076	0.862 ± 0.016	0.695 ± 0.041	0.880 ± 0.011	0.406 ± 0.014	0.406 ± 0.014	5	68604	50k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.440	0.440 ± 0.003	0.585 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.087 ± 0.011	0.110 ± 0.013	0.465 ± 0.019	0.312 ± 0.022	0.883 ± 0.005	0.745 ± 0.011	0.856 ± 0.003	0.384 ± 0.002	0.384 ± 0.002	5	68604	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.439	0.439 ± 0.006	0.437 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.182 ± 0.073	0.430 ± 0.028	0.365 ± 0.016	0.226 ± 0.016	0.737 ± 0.019	0.565 ± 0.008	0.715 ± 0.020	0.358 ± 0.005	0.460 ± 0.006	5	11673	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.438	0.438 ± 0.006	0.435 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.374 ± 0.011	0.236 ± 0.025	0.355 ± 0.014	0.206 ± 0.029	0.751 ± 0.015	0.538 ± 0.010	0.692 ± 0.016	0.350 ± 0.004	0.450 ± 0.005	5	11673	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.438	0.438 ± 0.039	0.503 ± 0.039	n/a	n/a	0.032 ± 0.038	0.155 ± 0.022	0.353 ± 0.032	0.348 ± 0.070	0.776 ± 0.055	0.572 ± 0.075	0.737 ± 0.037	0.330 ± 0.024	0.425 ± 0.031	5	16980	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.436	0.436 ± 0.038	0.439 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	0.377 ± 0.079	0.179 ± 0.190	0.237 ± 0.045	0.313 ± 0.021	0.791 ± 0.038	0.529 ± 0.034	0.786 ± 0.011	0.357 ± 0.025	0.459 ± 0.032	5	11673	50k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.435	0.435 ± 0.009	0.574 ± 0.009	0.104 ± 0.141	0.089 ± 0.081	0.046 ± 0.055	0.131 ± 0.094	0.351 ± 0.127	0.420 ± 0.082	0.841 ± 0.033	0.677 ± 0.029	0.873 ± 0.013	0.392 ± 0.014	0.392 ± 0.014	5	68604	507k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.431	0.431 ± 0.040	0.430 ± 0.036	n/a	n/a	0.363 ± 0.081	0.112 ± 0.135	0.336 ± 0.064	0.245 ± 0.095	0.725 ± 0.025	0.524 ± 0.039	0.651 ± 0.147	0.329 ± 0.035	0.422 ± 0.045	5	11673	507k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.430	0.430 ± 0.025	0.432 ± 0.028	n/a	n/a	0.237 ± 0.095	0.422 ± 0.087	0.217 ± 0.064	0.179 ± 0.086	0.766 ± 0.038	0.464 ± 0.022	0.696 ± 0.040	0.331 ± 0.013	0.426 ± 0.017	5	10637	50k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.428	0.428 ± 0.009	0.494 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.010 ± 0.017	0.105 ± 0.008	0.231 ± 0.077	0.345 ± 0.079	0.754 ± 0.016	0.607 ± 0.012	0.772 ± 0.048	0.314 ± 0.006	0.403 ± 0.007	5	16980	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.426	0.426 ± 0.001	0.564 ± 0.011	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.080 ± 0.037	0.126 ± 0.037	0.368 ± 0.084	0.358 ± 0.082	0.891 ± 0.007	0.639 ± 0.010	0.866 ± 0.011	0.370 ± 0.003	0.370 ± 0.003	5	68604	50k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.425	0.425 ± 0.007	0.602 ± 0.010	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.052 ± 0.041	0.158 ± 0.014	0.433 ± 0.041	0.356 ± 0.094	0.876 ± 0.014	0.677 ± 0.016	0.870 ± 0.013	0.380 ± 0.012	0.380 ± 0.012	5	68604	50k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.424	0.424 ± 0.005	0.604 ± 0.013	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.056 ± 0.028	0.147 ± 0.033	0.400 ± 0.008	0.404 ± 0.049	0.854 ± 0.033	0.694 ± 0.029	0.874 ± 0.007	0.381 ± 0.006	0.381 ± 0.006	5	68604	50k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.424	0.424 ± 0.011	0.493 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.008 ± 0.024	0.096 ± 0.029	0.248 ± 0.071	0.309 ± 0.063	0.737 ± 0.019	0.616 ± 0.030	0.773 ± 0.018	0.310 ± 0.003	0.398 ± 0.004	5	16980	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.424	0.424 ± 0.016	0.424 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	0.302 ± 0.056	0.293 ± 0.090	0.301 ± 0.071	0.295 ± 0.013	0.647 ± 0.028	0.506 ± 0.027	0.630 ± 0.005	0.330 ± 0.012	0.425 ± 0.015	5	11928	50k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.424	0.424 ± 0.009	0.557 ± 0.013	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.106 ± 0.017	0.080 ± 0.030	0.409 ± 0.051	0.318 ± 0.041	0.896 ± 0.005	0.645 ± 0.020	0.867 ± 0.005	0.369 ± 0.007	0.369 ± 0.007	5	68604	50k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.423	0.423 ± 0.037	0.502 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.068 ± 0.053	0.049 ± 0.028	0.320 ± 0.016	0.351 ± 0.010	0.803 ± 0.011	0.604 ± 0.009	0.790 ± 0.012	0.332 ± 0.007	0.426 ± 0.009	5	37620	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.422	0.422 ± 0.006	0.558 ± 0.013	0.092 ± 0.059	0.130 ± 0.056	0.041 ± 0.024	0.139 ± 0.024	0.453 ± 0.021	0.339 ± 0.040	0.825 ± 0.028	0.675 ± 0.011	0.832 ± 0.017	0.392 ± 0.015	0.392 ± 0.015	5	68604	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.421	0.421 ± 0.004	0.543 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.056 ± 0.042	0.112 ± 0.019	0.445 ± 0.035	0.295 ± 0.054	0.855 ± 0.008	0.686 ± 0.025	0.839 ± 0.015	0.365 ± 0.008	0.365 ± 0.008	5	68604	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.421	0.421 ± 0.014	0.433 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.092 ± 0.080	0.293 ± 0.019	0.245 ± 0.042	0.333 ± 0.122	0.764 ± 0.040	0.549 ± 0.052	0.489 ± 0.010	0.307 ± 0.009	0.395 ± 0.012	5	10637	50k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.420	0.420 ± 0.024	0.471 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.039 ± 0.065	0.240 ± 0.087	0.255 ± 0.070	0.335 ± 0.053	0.658 ± 0.025	0.474 ± 0.045	0.763 ± 0.009	0.307 ± 0.010	0.395 ± 0.013	5	149780	50k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.420	0.420 ± 0.019	0.419 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	0.358 ± 0.072	0.305 ± 0.222	0.179 ± 0.062	0.224 ± 0.106	0.775 ± 0.042	0.456 ± 0.039	0.736 ± 0.022	0.337 ± 0.022	0.433 ± 0.028	5	10637	507k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.419	0.419 ± 0.019	0.518 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.138 ± 0.052	0.358 ± 0.014	0.356 ± 0.017	0.807 ± 0.014	0.611 ± 0.005	0.803 ± 0.005	0.341 ± 0.007	0.439 ± 0.008	5	37620	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.419	0.419 ± 0.024	0.544 ± 0.039	0.074 ± 0.035	0.189 ± 0.014	0.028 ± 0.029	0.119 ± 0.005	0.403 ± 0.016	0.396 ± 0.049	0.818 ± 0.039	0.640 ± 0.078	0.820 ± 0.041	0.387 ± 0.028	0.387 ± 0.028	5	68604	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.418	0.418 ± 0.013	0.418 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.314 ± 0.041	0.344 ± 0.066	0.285 ± 0.040	0.266 ± 0.037	0.617 ± 0.007	0.465 ± 0.034	0.617 ± 0.030	0.323 ± 0.011	0.415 ± 0.014	5	11928	50k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.416	0.416 ± 0.076	0.419 ± 0.070	n/a	n/a	0.086 ± 0.096	0.358 ± 0.274	0.249 ± 0.104	0.289 ± 0.072	0.767 ± 0.046	0.550 ± 0.059	0.759 ± 0.032	0.340 ± 0.032	0.437 ± 0.042	5	11673	507k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.416	0.416 ± 0.029	0.416 ± 0.026	n/a	n/a	0.399 ± 0.050	0.183 ± 0.203	0.181 ± 0.011	0.292 ± 0.046	0.765 ± 0.030	0.487 ± 0.010	0.740 ± 0.019	0.339 ± 0.021	0.435 ± 0.028	5	10637	50k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.416	0.416 ± 0.007	0.467 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.198 ± 0.106	0.131 ± 0.109	0.258 ± 0.069	0.338 ± 0.046	0.654 ± 0.017	0.449 ± 0.019	0.769 ± 0.027	0.311 ± 0.011	0.400 ± 0.014	5	149780	50k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.415	0.415 ± 0.003	0.538 ± 0.007	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.063 ± 0.032	0.100 ± 0.035	0.403 ± 0.039	0.325 ± 0.047	0.855 ± 0.011	0.690 ± 0.039	0.848 ± 0.011	0.365 ± 0.006	0.365 ± 0.006	5	68604	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.415	0.415 ± 0.003	0.412 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.247 ± 0.204	0.245 ± 0.220	0.313 ± 0.026	0.189 ± 0.018	0.691 ± 0.014	0.549 ± 0.042	0.690 ± 0.016	0.325 ± 0.012	0.418 ± 0.016	5	11673	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.415	0.415 ± 0.012	0.542 ± 0.014	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.062 ± 0.051	0.100 ± 0.066	0.371 ± 0.033	0.315 ± 0.038	0.886 ± 0.010	0.650 ± 0.039	0.862 ± 0.008	0.361 ± 0.008	0.361 ± 0.008	5	68604	507k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.414	0.414 ± 0.049	0.418 ± 0.046	n/a	n/a	0.155 ± 0.050	0.367 ± 0.105	0.222 ± 0.086	0.304 ± 0.075	0.787 ± 0.019	0.537 ± 0.019	0.783 ± 0.024	0.351 ± 0.013	0.451 ± 0.017	5	11673	50k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.414	0.414 ± 0.013	0.553 ± 0.009	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.083 ± 0.021	0.089 ± 0.045	0.355 ± 0.068	0.353 ± 0.094	0.892 ± 0.007	0.646 ± 0.038	0.855 ± 0.013	0.364 ± 0.007	0.364 ± 0.007	5	68604	507k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.412	0.412 ± 0.010	0.410 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.202 ± 0.189	0.318 ± 0.202	0.355 ± 0.021	0.205 ± 0.024	0.673 ± 0.004	0.506 ± 0.034	0.658 ± 0.038	0.324 ± 0.014	0.417 ± 0.018	5	11673	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.412	0.412 ± 0.010	0.580 ± 0.018	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.044 ± 0.041	0.116 ± 0.027	0.365 ± 0.102	0.399 ± 0.104	0.860 ± 0.014	0.660 ± 0.057	0.867 ± 0.016	0.368 ± 0.009	0.368 ± 0.009	5	68604	507k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.412	0.412 ± 0.012	0.466 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.161 ± 0.084	0.123 ± 0.077	0.247 ± 0.075	0.321 ± 0.081	0.638 ± 0.026	0.469 ± 0.008	0.775 ± 0.015	0.304 ± 0.008	0.391 ± 0.011	5	149780	507k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.411	0.411 ± 0.019	0.413 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	0.284 ± 0.069	0.257 ± 0.121	0.282 ± 0.068	0.309 ± 0.080	0.650 ± 0.036	0.500 ± 0.028	0.602 ± 0.050	0.321 ± 0.018	0.412 ± 0.023	5	11928	507k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.411	0.411 ± 0.057	0.473 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.028 ± 0.034	0.146 ± 0.118	0.257 ± 0.098	0.321 ± 0.074	0.659 ± 0.015	0.495 ± 0.021	0.768 ± 0.014	0.297 ± 0.010	0.382 ± 0.013	5	149780	507k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.411	0.411 ± 0.015	0.416 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.104 ± 0.073	0.340 ± 0.033	0.272 ± 0.035	0.294 ± 0.046	0.713 ± 0.037	0.531 ± 0.024	0.476 ± 0.024	0.303 ± 0.014	0.390 ± 0.018	5	11673	50k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.410	0.410 ± 0.010	0.421 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.120 ± 0.075	0.280 ± 0.032	0.295 ± 0.053	0.285 ± 0.075	0.752 ± 0.050	0.512 ± 0.018	0.491 ± 0.031	0.304 ± 0.011	0.391 ± 0.014	5	10637	50k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.409	0.409 ± 0.015	0.414 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.080 ± 0.056	0.324 ± 0.009	0.251 ± 0.046	0.273 ± 0.112	0.707 ± 0.023	0.556 ± 0.042	0.475 ± 0.009	0.296 ± 0.011	0.381 ± 0.015	5	11673	50k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.408	0.408 ± 0.012	0.403 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.343 ± 0.021	0.177 ± 0.134	0.232 ± 0.069	0.109 ± 0.050	0.775 ± 0.022	0.436 ± 0.048	0.698 ± 0.008	0.308 ± 0.019	0.396 ± 0.025	5	10637	50k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.407	0.407 ± 0.018	0.566 ± 0.038	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.034 ± 0.019	0.146 ± 0.014	0.452 ± 0.054	0.282 ± 0.116	0.855 ± 0.024	0.638 ± 0.036	0.831 ± 0.072	0.360 ± 0.019	0.360 ± 0.019	5	68604	507k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.402	0.402 ± 0.019	0.404 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	0.354 ± 0.064	0.222 ± 0.031	0.262 ± 0.019	0.242 ± 0.011	0.786 ± 0.012	0.530 ± 0.006	0.686 ± 0.006	0.342 ± 0.008	0.440 ± 0.010	5	11673	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.399	0.399 ± 0.043	0.449 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	0.023 ± 0.035	0.115 ± 0.063	0.312 ± 0.038	0.291 ± 0.045	0.713 ± 0.039	0.506 ± 0.018	0.757 ± 0.021	0.302 ± 0.006	0.388 ± 0.007	5	37620	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.399	0.399 ± 0.016	0.399 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.272 ± 0.126	0.258 ± 0.183	0.283 ± 0.048	0.257 ± 0.072	0.632 ± 0.032	0.454 ± 0.038	0.614 ± 0.013	0.308 ± 0.010	0.396 ± 0.013	5	11928	507k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.396	0.396 ± 0.014	0.396 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	0.221 ± 0.158	0.308 ± 0.230	0.180 ± 0.027	0.140 ± 0.076	0.700 ± 0.052	0.463 ± 0.052	0.680 ± 0.038	0.299 ± 0.012	0.385 ± 0.016	5	10637	507k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.395	0.395 ± 0.005	0.398 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.134 ± 0.049	0.417 ± 0.028	0.277 ± 0.020	0.149 ± 0.012	0.728 ± 0.014	0.526 ± 0.021	0.625 ± 0.016	0.317 ± 0.003	0.408 ± 0.004	5	10637	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.394	0.394 ± 0.005	0.391 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.302 ± 0.008	0.216 ± 0.028	0.303 ± 0.011	0.126 ± 0.004	0.726 ± 0.004	0.508 ± 0.007	0.637 ± 0.016	0.313 ± 0.003	0.403 ± 0.004	5	10637	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.394	0.394 ± 0.007	0.396 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.213 ± 0.040	0.317 ± 0.031	0.299 ± 0.095	0.310 ± 0.093	0.613 ± 0.014	0.525 ± 0.023	0.525 ± 0.025	0.311 ± 0.007	0.400 ± 0.009	5	11928	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.393	0.393 ± 0.018	0.398 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	0.045 ± 0.086	0.284 ± 0.061	0.246 ± 0.093	0.270 ± 0.105	0.692 ± 0.055	0.558 ± 0.026	0.468 ± 0.016	0.285 ± 0.004	0.366 ± 0.005	5	11673	507k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.391	0.391 ± 0.012	0.390 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.207 ± 0.137	0.305 ± 0.203	0.261 ± 0.017	0.107 ± 0.018	0.692 ± 0.016	0.518 ± 0.062	0.606 ± 0.023	0.300 ± 0.017	0.385 ± 0.022	5	10637	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.390	0.390 ± 0.023	0.444 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.065 ± 0.048	0.141 ± 0.029	0.362 ± 0.022	0.187 ± 0.040	0.617 ± 0.025	0.416 ± 0.023	0.737 ± 0.029	0.281 ± 0.011	0.361 ± 0.014	5	149780	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.390	0.390 ± 0.017	0.401 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	0.051 ± 0.094	0.250 ± 0.053	0.238 ± 0.089	0.263 ± 0.079	0.727 ± 0.034	0.548 ± 0.024	0.480 ± 0.024	0.284 ± 0.011	0.365 ± 0.014	5	10637	507k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.389	0.389 ± 0.023	0.385 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	0.326 ± 0.053	0.133 ± 0.120	0.179 ± 0.062	0.113 ± 0.048	0.724 ± 0.010	0.458 ± 0.039	0.635 ± 0.083	0.285 ± 0.023	0.367 ± 0.029	5	10637	507k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.388	0.388 ± 0.013	0.392 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.063 ± 0.026	0.343 ± 0.020	0.272 ± 0.040	0.264 ± 0.089	0.667 ± 0.060	0.527 ± 0.029	0.449 ± 0.013	0.287 ± 0.012	0.369 ± 0.015	5	11673	507k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.388	0.388 ± 0.020	0.398 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.067 ± 0.037	0.299 ± 0.016	0.270 ± 0.062	0.271 ± 0.062	0.708 ± 0.062	0.522 ± 0.055	0.465 ± 0.009	0.289 ± 0.018	0.372 ± 0.023	5	10637	507k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.386	0.386 ± 0.011	0.384 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	0.221 ± 0.167	0.246 ± 0.222	0.220 ± 0.037	0.131 ± 0.018	0.687 ± 0.009	0.526 ± 0.058	0.628 ± 0.024	0.295 ± 0.011	0.380 ± 0.014	5	10637	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.385	0.385 ± 0.050	0.393 ± 0.050	n/a	n/a	0.176 ± 0.082	0.356 ± 0.103	0.175 ± 0.069	0.298 ± 0.062	0.762 ± 0.018	0.477 ± 0.024	0.728 ± 0.023	0.330 ± 0.018	0.425 ± 0.024	5	10637	50k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.384	0.384 ± 0.036	0.427 ± 0.044	n/a	n/a	0.027 ± 0.023	0.160 ± 0.017	0.320 ± 0.010	0.262 ± 0.030	0.615 ± 0.033	0.384 ± 0.041	0.697 ± 0.123	0.274 ± 0.025	0.352 ± 0.033	5	149780	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.382	0.382 ± 0.012	0.445 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.008 ± 0.021	0.079 ± 0.022	0.149 ± 0.074	0.239 ± 0.067	0.679 ± 0.036	0.505 ± 0.021	0.756 ± 0.023	0.268 ± 0.006	0.345 ± 0.008	5	37620	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.382	0.382 ± 0.020	0.387 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	0.079 ± 0.078	0.383 ± 0.054	0.312 ± 0.004	0.204 ± 0.014	0.811 ± 0.013	0.536 ± 0.013	0.695 ± 0.008	0.336 ± 0.009	0.432 ± 0.012	5	11673	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.382	0.382 ± 0.040	0.437 ± 0.033	n/a	n/a	0.031 ± 0.036	0.114 ± 0.019	0.277 ± 0.049	0.326 ± 0.050	0.701 ± 0.062	0.478 ± 0.061	0.746 ± 0.056	0.297 ± 0.019	0.382 ± 0.025	5	37620	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.380	0.380 ± 0.004	0.383 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.202 ± 0.025	0.311 ± 0.023	0.232 ± 0.044	0.333 ± 0.035	0.601 ± 0.011	0.500 ± 0.025	0.526 ± 0.008	0.300 ± 0.005	0.386 ± 0.007	5	11928	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.380	0.380 ± 0.060	0.389 ± 0.058	n/a	n/a	0.106 ± 0.055	0.376 ± 0.216	0.159 ± 0.051	0.280 ± 0.042	0.743 ± 0.070	0.464 ± 0.020	0.723 ± 0.020	0.317 ± 0.018	0.407 ± 0.023	5	10637	507k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.380	0.380 ± 0.015	0.449 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.009 ± 0.016	0.079 ± 0.018	0.199 ± 0.081	0.258 ± 0.097	0.701 ± 0.026	0.481 ± 0.019	0.764 ± 0.043	0.277 ± 0.008	0.356 ± 0.011	5	37620	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.379	0.379 ± 0.006	0.382 ± 0.007	0.143 ± 0.083	0.176 ± 0.045	0.273 ± 0.037	0.199 ± 0.136	0.378 ± 0.052	0.364 ± 0.015	0.675 ± 0.009	0.468 ± 0.030	0.738 ± 0.018	0.379 ± 0.010	0.379 ± 0.010	5	10844	50k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.375	0.375 ± 0.011	0.374 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.237 ± 0.069	0.334 ± 0.091	0.276 ± 0.037	0.294 ± 0.054	0.548 ± 0.021	0.408 ± 0.030	0.566 ± 0.008	0.296 ± 0.012	0.380 ± 0.015	5	11928	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.375	0.375 ± 0.017	0.379 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	0.321 ± 0.073	0.198 ± 0.107	0.267 ± 0.073	0.255 ± 0.060	0.579 ± 0.045	0.424 ± 0.029	0.648 ± 0.011	0.299 ± 0.015	0.385 ± 0.020	5	11928	507k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.375	0.375 ± 0.006	0.379 ± 0.005	0.155 ± 0.062	0.175 ± 0.031	0.259 ± 0.031	0.247 ± 0.077	0.355 ± 0.061	0.340 ± 0.115	0.680 ± 0.023	0.471 ± 0.014	0.732 ± 0.032	0.379 ± 0.006	0.379 ± 0.006	5	10844	507k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.372	0.372 ± 0.041	0.376 ± 0.039	n/a	n/a	0.103 ± 0.045	0.353 ± 0.123	0.304 ± 0.023	0.198 ± 0.041	0.788 ± 0.015	0.471 ± 0.035	0.638 ± 0.030	0.317 ± 0.018	0.408 ± 0.023	5	11673	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.370	0.370 ± 0.004	0.412 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.006 ± 0.015	0.080 ± 0.005	0.152 ± 0.017	0.140 ± 0.036	0.627 ± 0.014	0.356 ± 0.017	0.712 ± 0.020	0.230 ± 0.005	0.296 ± 0.007	5	149780	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.367	0.367 ± 0.005	0.372 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.307 ± 0.057	0.208 ± 0.142	0.265 ± 0.040	0.291 ± 0.037	0.568 ± 0.029	0.394 ± 0.029	0.654 ± 0.006	0.299 ± 0.006	0.384 ± 0.007	5	11928	50k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.365	0.365 ± 0.022	0.370 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.124 ± 0.110	0.370 ± 0.091	0.283 ± 0.072	0.256 ± 0.041	0.563 ± 0.031	0.393 ± 0.034	0.630 ± 0.011	0.291 ± 0.007	0.374 ± 0.009	5	11928	50k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.362	0.362 ± 0.042	0.369 ± 0.038	n/a	n/a	0.120 ± 0.076	0.319 ± 0.195	0.300 ± 0.080	0.262 ± 0.085	0.554 ± 0.067	0.420 ± 0.026	0.642 ± 0.024	0.291 ± 0.021	0.374 ± 0.027	5	11928	507k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.362	0.362 ± 0.027	0.448 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	0.051 ± 0.041	0.004 ± 0.011	0.160 ± 0.026	0.183 ± 0.033	0.631 ± 0.010	0.378 ± 0.022	0.759 ± 0.024	0.241 ± 0.009	0.309 ± 0.011	5	149780	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.362	0.362 ± 0.005	0.481 ± 0.009	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.037 ± 0.019	0.102 ± 0.019	0.303 ± 0.062	0.308 ± 0.071	0.745 ± 0.022	0.569 ± 0.019	0.791 ± 0.011	0.317 ± 0.004	0.317 ± 0.004	5	68604	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.361	0.361 ± 0.018	0.366 ± 0.018	0.173 ± 0.119	0.182 ± 0.034	0.133 ± 0.055	0.265 ± 0.052	0.329 ± 0.032	0.346 ± 0.056	0.679 ± 0.015	0.485 ± 0.049	0.684 ± 0.021	0.364 ± 0.010	0.364 ± 0.010	5	10844	50k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.360	0.360 ± 0.011	0.366 ± 0.011	0.178 ± 0.137	0.143 ± 0.061	0.119 ± 0.068	0.257 ± 0.124	0.319 ± 0.083	0.348 ± 0.038	0.654 ± 0.046	0.468 ± 0.017	0.720 ± 0.038	0.356 ± 0.020	0.356 ± 0.020	5	10844	507k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.358	0.358 ± 0.014	0.356 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.257 ± 0.095	0.274 ± 0.117	0.254 ± 0.048	0.263 ± 0.066	0.546 ± 0.009	0.348 ± 0.030	0.572 ± 0.021	0.279 ± 0.014	0.359 ± 0.018	5	11928	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.355	0.355 ± 0.012	0.468 ± 0.026	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.034 ± 0.018	0.102 ± 0.019	0.264 ± 0.074	0.337 ± 0.096	0.749 ± 0.019	0.539 ± 0.011	0.770 ± 0.064	0.311 ± 0.008	0.311 ± 0.008	5	68604	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.354	0.354 ± 0.034	0.358 ± 0.033	n/a	n/a	0.161 ± 0.135	0.307 ± 0.008	0.207 ± 0.065	0.263 ± 0.038	0.764 ± 0.079	0.444 ± 0.047	0.637 ± 0.027	0.309 ± 0.026	0.397 ± 0.033	5	11673	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.332	0.332 ± 0.014	0.333 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.276 ± 0.038	0.188 ± 0.025	0.103 ± 0.019	0.281 ± 0.013	0.749 ± 0.006	0.471 ± 0.008	0.558 ± 0.004	0.292 ± 0.006	0.375 ± 0.008	5	10637	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.331	0.331 ± 0.014	0.337 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.095 ± 0.053	0.374 ± 0.045	0.164 ± 0.017	0.262 ± 0.020	0.757 ± 0.005	0.480 ± 0.006	0.564 ± 0.006	0.300 ± 0.008	0.385 ± 0.010	5	10637	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.328	0.328 ± 0.005	0.333 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.170 ± 0.056	0.240 ± 0.026	0.316 ± 0.037	0.283 ± 0.071	0.632 ± 0.101	0.522 ± 0.022	0.469 ± 0.011	0.292 ± 0.011	0.292 ± 0.011	5	10844	50k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.320	0.320 ± 0.005	0.323 ± 0.006	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.256 ± 0.016	0.181 ± 0.050	0.320 ± 0.036	0.247 ± 0.041	0.725 ± 0.034	0.435 ± 0.040	0.611 ± 0.023	0.308 ± 0.007	0.308 ± 0.007	5	10844	50k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.320	0.320 ± 0.009	0.324 ± 0.009	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.211 ± 0.065	0.257 ± 0.038	0.222 ± 0.078	0.238 ± 0.056	0.754 ± 0.046	0.426 ± 0.034	0.607 ± 0.048	0.302 ± 0.002	0.302 ± 0.002	5	10844	50k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.320	0.320 ± 0.007	0.324 ± 0.007	0.202 ± 0.054	0.193 ± 0.024	0.176 ± 0.016	0.192 ± 0.012	0.384 ± 0.010	0.284 ± 0.014	0.652 ± 0.002	0.447 ± 0.005	0.564 ± 0.014	0.344 ± 0.009	0.344 ± 0.009	5	10844	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.319	0.319 ± 0.014	0.324 ± 0.013	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.148 ± 0.066	0.243 ± 0.033	0.298 ± 0.055	0.292 ± 0.065	0.661 ± 0.043	0.475 ± 0.035	0.462 ± 0.030	0.287 ± 0.014	0.287 ± 0.014	5	10844	50k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.316	0.316 ± 0.045	0.322 ± 0.044	n/a	n/a	0.104 ± 0.050	0.327 ± 0.130	0.166 ± 0.046	0.237 ± 0.050	0.720 ± 0.016	0.412 ± 0.026	0.561 ± 0.045	0.281 ± 0.019	0.361 ± 0.024	5	10637	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.314	0.314 ± 0.008	0.316 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.084 ± 0.067	0.299 ± 0.030	0.139 ± 0.059	0.219 ± 0.057	0.583 ± 0.025	0.455 ± 0.026	0.403 ± 0.023	0.243 ± 0.010	0.312 ± 0.013	5	11673	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.314	0.314 ± 0.004	0.317 ± 0.004	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.228 ± 0.013	0.243 ± 0.012	0.313 ± 0.030	0.241 ± 0.007	0.641 ± 0.008	0.494 ± 0.012	0.598 ± 0.010	0.306 ± 0.005	0.306 ± 0.005	5	10844	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.312	0.312 ± 0.013	0.313 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.063 ± 0.053	0.292 ± 0.063	0.181 ± 0.029	0.178 ± 0.052	0.561 ± 0.032	0.471 ± 0.029	0.406 ± 0.018	0.239 ± 0.011	0.307 ± 0.014	5	11673	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.307	0.307 ± 0.013	0.418 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.008 ± 0.014	0.263 ± 0.021	0.585 ± 0.019	0.328 ± 0.012	0.671 ± 0.046	0.206 ± 0.008	0.265 ± 0.011	5	149780	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.304	0.304 ± 0.013	0.308 ± 0.013	0.149 ± 0.053	0.164 ± 0.055	0.121 ± 0.025	0.224 ± 0.064	0.362 ± 0.018	0.251 ± 0.028	0.646 ± 0.015	0.371 ± 0.026	0.580 ± 0.037	0.319 ± 0.012	0.319 ± 0.012	5	10844	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.304	0.304 ± 0.002	0.308 ± 0.003	0.133 ± 0.023	0.208 ± 0.010	0.069 ± 0.024	0.226 ± 0.031	0.367 ± 0.008	0.245 ± 0.014	0.667 ± 0.005	0.449 ± 0.004	0.568 ± 0.012	0.326 ± 0.003	0.326 ± 0.003	5	10844	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.304	0.304 ± 0.016	0.308 ± 0.017	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.125 ± 0.046	0.255 ± 0.011	0.346 ± 0.060	0.269 ± 0.098	0.639 ± 0.064	0.457 ± 0.048	0.426 ± 0.036	0.280 ± 0.014	0.280 ± 0.014	5	10844	507k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.304	0.304 ± 0.022	0.307 ± 0.022	0.108 ± 0.039	0.206 ± 0.020	0.104 ± 0.072	0.221 ± 0.009	0.360 ± 0.042	0.309 ± 0.029	0.625 ± 0.030	0.341 ± 0.048	0.591 ± 0.046	0.318 ± 0.030	0.318 ± 0.030	5	10844	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.304	0.304 ± 0.007	0.307 ± 0.007	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.196 ± 0.095	0.216 ± 0.101	0.269 ± 0.026	0.212 ± 0.046	0.659 ± 0.026	0.444 ± 0.032	0.606 ± 0.014	0.289 ± 0.009	0.289 ± 0.009	5	10844	507k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.303	0.303 ± 0.012	0.305 ± 0.013	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.236 ± 0.033	0.177 ± 0.089	0.277 ± 0.072	0.238 ± 0.074	0.672 ± 0.021	0.437 ± 0.062	0.551 ± 0.079	0.288 ± 0.014	0.288 ± 0.014	5	10844	507k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.301	0.301 ± 0.025	0.305 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	0.160 ± 0.063	0.279 ± 0.057	0.297 ± 0.019	0.174 ± 0.040	0.486 ± 0.035	0.301 ± 0.018	0.508 ± 0.038	0.245 ± 0.017	0.315 ± 0.022	5	11928	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.299	0.299 ± 0.012	0.304 ± 0.012	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.113 ± 0.074	0.225 ± 0.052	0.286 ± 0.096	0.264 ± 0.109	0.620 ± 0.015	0.463 ± 0.044	0.453 ± 0.019	0.269 ± 0.006	0.269 ± 0.006	5	10844	507k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.297	0.297 ± 0.004	0.302 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.135 ± 0.021	0.278 ± 0.015	0.302 ± 0.020	0.215 ± 0.011	0.633 ± 0.010	0.479 ± 0.008	0.578 ± 0.012	0.291 ± 0.003	0.291 ± 0.003	5	10844	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.295	0.295 ± 0.004	0.298 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.179 ± 0.086	0.243 ± 0.059	0.334 ± 0.041	0.228 ± 0.035	0.596 ± 0.006	0.423 ± 0.021	0.577 ± 0.032	0.287 ± 0.007	0.287 ± 0.007	5	10844	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.294	0.294 ± 0.037	0.299 ± 0.034	n/a	n/a	0.146 ± 0.124	0.239 ± 0.009	0.140 ± 0.045	0.252 ± 0.019	0.700 ± 0.065	0.362 ± 0.044	0.556 ± 0.045	0.266 ± 0.025	0.342 ± 0.032	5	10637	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.292	0.292 ± 0.019	0.295 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	0.107 ± 0.076	0.322 ± 0.014	0.255 ± 0.016	0.197 ± 0.006	0.469 ± 0.034	0.273 ± 0.042	0.497 ± 0.083	0.235 ± 0.016	0.303 ± 0.021	5	11928	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.289	0.289 ± 0.007	0.295 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.087 ± 0.054	0.234 ± 0.032	0.101 ± 0.054	0.135 ± 0.063	0.583 ± 0.038	0.468 ± 0.029	0.399 ± 0.020	0.223 ± 0.004	0.287 ± 0.005	5	10637	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.287	0.287 ± 0.017	0.293 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.082 ± 0.057	0.243 ± 0.063	0.076 ± 0.057	0.119 ± 0.042	0.538 ± 0.080	0.487 ± 0.016	0.399 ± 0.025	0.216 ± 0.017	0.278 ± 0.021	5	10637	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.286	0.286 ± 0.012	0.289 ± 0.014	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.202 ± 0.073	0.191 ± 0.106	0.292 ± 0.048	0.199 ± 0.029	0.602 ± 0.007	0.420 ± 0.021	0.587 ± 0.038	0.277 ± 0.012	0.277 ± 0.012	5	10844	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.278	0.278 ± 0.009	0.379 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.003 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.000	0.563 ± 0.034	0.374 ± 0.007	0.520 ± 0.020	0.162 ± 0.006	0.208 ± 0.008	5	16980	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.272	0.272 ± 0.017	0.363 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.001	0.005 ± 0.009	0.003 ± 0.004	0.199 ± 0.042	0.499 ± 0.036	0.321 ± 0.019	0.666 ± 0.037	0.188 ± 0.006	0.242 ± 0.008	5	149780	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.267	0.267 ± 0.006	0.273 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.134 ± 0.099	0.017 ± 0.047	0.077 ± 0.012	0.112 ± 0.015	0.516 ± 0.014	0.281 ± 0.012	0.392 ± 0.014	0.170 ± 0.008	0.218 ± 0.010	5	11928	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.258	0.258 ± 0.010	0.353 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.001 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.438 ± 0.069	0.366 ± 0.011	0.503 ± 0.018	0.145 ± 0.009	0.187 ± 0.012	5	16980	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.258	0.258 ± 0.004	0.260 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.023 ± 0.043	0.242 ± 0.005	0.060 ± 0.009	0.083 ± 0.014	0.504 ± 0.009	0.258 ± 0.022	0.340 ± 0.010	0.168 ± 0.007	0.216 ± 0.009	5	11928	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.245	0.245 ± 0.008	0.249 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.528 ± 0.044	0.309 ± 0.013	0.312 ± 0.006	0.128 ± 0.006	0.164 ± 0.008	5	11673	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.241	0.241 ± 0.008	0.245 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.138 ± 0.034	0.226 ± 0.028	0.208 ± 0.069	0.173 ± 0.058	0.501 ± 0.035	0.364 ± 0.019	0.422 ± 0.022	0.226 ± 0.009	0.226 ± 0.009	5	10844	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.239	0.239 ± 0.014	0.253 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	0.005 ± 0.005	0.004 ± 0.008	0.004 ± 0.009	0.193 ± 0.029	0.393 ± 0.059	0.220 ± 0.014	0.401 ± 0.020	0.136 ± 0.012	0.174 ± 0.016	5	11928	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.238	0.238 ± 0.007	0.242 ± 0.008	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.130 ± 0.036	0.224 ± 0.023	0.188 ± 0.066	0.225 ± 0.069	0.496 ± 0.014	0.348 ± 0.022	0.413 ± 0.023	0.225 ± 0.006	0.225 ± 0.006	5	10844	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.226	0.226 ± 0.011	0.229 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.383 ± 0.092	0.307 ± 0.013	0.307 ± 0.005	0.111 ± 0.011	0.142 ± 0.014	5	11673	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.214	0.214 ± 0.006	0.360 ± 0.011	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.001 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.485 ± 0.028	0.378 ± 0.008	0.521 ± 0.028	0.154 ± 0.005	0.154 ± 0.005	5	68604	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.210	0.210 ± 0.010	0.287 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.233 ± 0.027	0.281 ± 0.024	0.439 ± 0.023	0.106 ± 0.007	0.136 ± 0.009	5	37620	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.207	0.207 ± 0.012	0.220 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.004 ± 0.006	0.045 ± 0.041	0.001 ± 0.002	0.145 ± 0.038	0.241 ± 0.018	0.222 ± 0.018	0.410 ± 0.016	0.119 ± 0.009	0.153 ± 0.011	5	11928	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.200	0.200 ± 0.007	0.273 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.155 ± 0.031	0.277 ± 0.014	0.421 ± 0.015	0.095 ± 0.005	0.122 ± 0.007	5	37620	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.200	0.200 ± 0.007	0.336 ± 0.012	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.001 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.001	0.355 ± 0.062	0.370 ± 0.012	0.500 ± 0.014	0.136 ± 0.009	0.136 ± 0.009	5	68604	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.184	0.184 ± 0.006	0.197 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.224 ± 0.022	0.179 ± 0.032	0.304 ± 0.007	0.079 ± 0.005	0.101 ± 0.006	5	10637	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.175	0.175 ± 0.006	0.184 ± 0.006	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.335 ± 0.040	0.288 ± 0.011	0.261 ± 0.006	0.098 ± 0.005	0.098 ± 0.005	5	10844	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.174	0.174 ± 0.004	0.187 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.138 ± 0.032	0.167 ± 0.018	0.299 ± 0.004	0.067 ± 0.004	0.086 ± 0.005	5	10637	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.163	0.163 ± 0.006	0.171 ± 0.006	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.188 ± 0.063	0.282 ± 0.009	0.256 ± 0.003	0.081 ± 0.008	0.081 ± 0.008	5	10844	1.6M	—
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.195 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.326 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.036 ± 0.000	0.047 ± 0.000	5	16980	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.153 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.265 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.029 ± 0.000	0.038 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.195 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.327 ± 0.000	0.036 ± 0.000	0.047 ± 0.000	5	149780	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.155 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.269 ± 0.000	0.030 ± 0.000	0.038 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.195 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.327 ± 0.000	0.036 ± 0.000	0.047 ± 0.000	5	37620	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.155 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.268 ± 0.000	0.030 ± 0.000	0.038 ± 0.000	5	10637	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.111	0.111 ± 0.000	0.187 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.315 ± 0.000	0.035 ± 0.000	0.035 ± 0.000	5	68604	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.111	0.111 ± 0.000	0.121 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.215 ± 0.000	0.024 ± 0.000	0.024 ± 0.000	5	10844	—	0s

fault_origin_global

fault_origin_global — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.005	0.985 ± 0.002	0.970 ± 0.005	0.970 ± 0.005	5	16980	12.0M	3.0m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.016	0.983 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.007	0.962 ± 0.007	5	37620	26.7M	8.5m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.019	0.984 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.008	0.964 ± 0.008	5	37620	564k	4.7m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.019	0.986 ± 0.003	0.971 ± 0.004	0.971 ± 0.004	5	16980	68k	2.6m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.020	0.988 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.006	0.975 ± 0.006	5	16980	530k	6.9m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.974	0.974 ± 0.016	0.986 ± 0.003	0.968 ± 0.007	0.968 ± 0.007	5	37620	94k	5.1m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.973	0.973 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.009	0.939 ± 0.015	0.939 ± 0.015	5	149780	211k	21.4m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.972	0.972 ± 0.014	0.987 ± 0.003	0.971 ± 0.006	0.971 ± 0.006	5	37620	92k	5.7m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.003	0.952 ± 0.006	0.914 ± 0.009	0.914 ± 0.009	5	149780	103.4M	32.4m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.021	0.959 ± 0.009	0.935 ± 0.015	0.935 ± 0.015	5	68604	42.9M	9.0m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.017	0.988 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.003	5	16980	69k	2.1m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.025	0.937 ± 0.046	0.895 ± 0.066	0.895 ± 0.066	5	149780	744k	16.3m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.024	0.955 ± 0.026	0.919 ± 0.039	0.919 ± 0.039	5	149780	234k	21.5m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.042	0.956 ± 0.007	0.927 ± 0.013	0.927 ± 0.013	5	68604	602k	3.1m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.940	0.940 ± 0.031	0.968 ± 0.011	0.945 ± 0.019	0.945 ± 0.019	5	68604	117k	7.6m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.919	0.919 ± 0.035	0.960 ± 0.008	0.930 ± 0.010	0.930 ± 0.010	5	68604	124k	8.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.917	0.917 ± 0.003	0.872 ± 0.004	0.799 ± 0.005	0.799 ± 0.005	5	16980	—	26s
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.886	0.886 ± 0.010	0.880 ± 0.009	0.878 ± 0.008	0.878 ± 0.008	5	10637	94k	5.1m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.012	0.876 ± 0.009	0.873 ± 0.006	0.873 ± 0.006	5	11673	530k	6.9m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.016	0.873 ± 0.017	0.870 ± 0.017	0.870 ± 0.017	5	10637	92k	5.7m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.003	0.873 ± 0.004	0.870 ± 0.004	0.870 ± 0.004	5	11928	103.4M	32.4m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.010	0.866 ± 0.015	0.863 ± 0.011	0.863 ± 0.011	5	11673	68k	2.6m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.026	0.859 ± 0.039	0.856 ± 0.036	0.856 ± 0.036	5	10637	564k	4.7m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.003	0.844 ± 0.007	0.844 ± 0.007	0.844 ± 0.007	5	11673	12.0M	3.0m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.007	0.873 ± 0.012	0.867 ± 0.008	0.867 ± 0.008	5	11673	69k	2.1m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.006	0.858 ± 0.007	0.856 ± 0.007	0.856 ± 0.007	5	11928	234k	21.5m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.010	0.864 ± 0.018	0.861 ± 0.016	0.861 ± 0.016	5	11928	744k	16.3m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.007	0.855 ± 0.010	0.854 ± 0.010	0.854 ± 0.010	5	11928	211k	21.4m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.007	0.833 ± 0.006	0.833 ± 0.006	0.833 ± 0.006	5	10637	26.7M	8.5m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.842	0.842 ± 0.002	0.841 ± 0.002	0.838 ± 0.002	0.838 ± 0.002	5	11673	—	26s
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.811	0.811 ± 0.020	0.809 ± 0.024	0.808 ± 0.026	0.808 ± 0.026	5	10844	124k	8.6m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.802	0.802 ± 0.027	0.800 ± 0.028	0.799 ± 0.029	0.799 ± 0.029	5	10844	117k	7.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.799	0.799 ± 0.017	0.828 ± 0.011	0.710 ± 0.005	0.710 ± 0.005	5	37620	—	34s
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.778	0.778 ± 0.018	0.774 ± 0.017	0.769 ± 0.020	0.769 ± 0.020	5	10844	602k	3.1m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.774	0.774 ± 0.020	0.766 ± 0.018	0.760 ± 0.015	0.760 ± 0.015	5	10844	42.9M	9.0m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.759	0.759 ± 0.006	0.777 ± 0.006	0.764 ± 0.006	0.764 ± 0.006	5	10637	—	34s
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.581	0.581 ± 0.009	0.584 ± 0.009	0.579 ± 0.009	0.579 ± 0.009	5	10844	—	44s
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.574	0.574 ± 0.003	0.599 ± 0.012	0.519 ± 0.005	0.519 ± 0.005	5	68604	—	44s
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.548	0.548 ± 0.005	0.573 ± 0.004	0.539 ± 0.006	0.539 ± 0.006	5	11928	—	3.1m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.534	0.534 ± 0.006	0.765 ± 0.029	0.533 ± 0.003	0.533 ± 0.003	5	149780	—	3.1m
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.821 ± 0.000	0.451 ± 0.000	0.451 ± 0.000	5	68604	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.521 ± 0.000	0.343 ± 0.000	0.343 ± 0.000	5	10844	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.862 ± 0.000	0.463 ± 0.000	0.463 ± 0.000	5	16980	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.587 ± 0.000	0.370 ± 0.000	0.370 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.855 ± 0.000	0.461 ± 0.000	0.461 ± 0.000	5	149780	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.560 ± 0.000	0.359 ± 0.000	0.359 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.876 ± 0.000	0.467 ± 0.000	0.467 ± 0.000	5	37620	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.500	0.500 ± 0.000	0.589 ± 0.000	0.371 ± 0.000	0.371 ± 0.000	5	10637	—	0s

fault_phase_global

fault_phase_global — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	f1_A	f1_AB	f1_ABC	f1_AC	f1_B	f1_BC	f1_C	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.011	0.988 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.987 ± 0.011	0.987 ± 0.011	5	16980	531k	5.8m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.983 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.002	5	16980	68k	3.3m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.001	0.984 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.983 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.001	5	16980	12.0M	8.6m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.982 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	5	16980	69k	2.5m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.003	0.983 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.982 ± 0.003	0.982 ± 0.003	5	37620	92k	4.9m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.981 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.002	5	37620	26.7M	6.2m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.980 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	5	37620	95k	5.6m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.977	0.977 ± 0.004	0.977 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.977 ± 0.004	0.977 ± 0.004	5	67212	125k	9.0m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.977	0.977 ± 0.006	0.976 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.976 ± 0.007	0.976 ± 0.007	5	37620	565k	4.8m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.973	0.973 ± 0.004	0.973 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.973 ± 0.004	0.973 ± 0.004	5	37620	—	35s
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.972	0.972 ± 0.005	0.973 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.973 ± 0.005	0.973 ± 0.005	5	149780	—	2.7m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.006	0.966 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.966 ± 0.007	0.966 ± 0.007	5	67212	118k	8.1m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.964 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.003	5	67212	42.9M	8.9m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.005	0.955 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.958 ± 0.005	0.958 ± 0.005	5	16980	—	22s
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.009	0.954 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.954 ± 0.009	0.954 ± 0.009	5	67212	603k	3.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.004	0.951 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.951 ± 0.004	0.951 ± 0.004	5	67212	—	51s
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.939	0.939 ± 0.006	0.940 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.941 ± 0.007	0.941 ± 0.007	5	149780	103.4M	31.9m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.923	0.923 ± 0.002	0.925 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.929 ± 0.002	0.929 ± 0.002	5	11928	—	2.7m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.065	0.884 ± 0.062	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.889 ± 0.057	0.889 ± 0.057	5	149780	235k	19.1m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.034	0.861 ± 0.046	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.890 ± 0.034	0.890 ± 0.034	5	11673	531k	5.8m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.017	0.855 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.883 ± 0.016	0.883 ± 0.016	5	10637	95k	5.6m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.022	0.847 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.878 ± 0.022	0.878 ± 0.022	5	10637	565k	4.8m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.024	0.845 ± 0.030	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.875 ± 0.022	0.875 ± 0.022	5	10637	92k	4.9m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.003	0.843 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.874 ± 0.003	0.874 ± 0.003	5	11673	68k	3.3m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.015	0.833 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.867 ± 0.014	0.867 ± 0.014	5	11673	69k	2.5m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.003	0.826 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.861 ± 0.002	0.861 ± 0.002	5	11673	12.0M	8.6m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.004	0.820 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.858 ± 0.003	0.858 ± 0.003	5	10637	26.7M	6.2m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.021	0.854 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.852 ± 0.018	0.852 ± 0.018	5	149780	212k	20.6m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.001	0.823 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.862 ± 0.001	0.862 ± 0.001	5	11928	103.4M	31.9m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.842	0.842 ± 0.006	0.815 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.850 ± 0.006	0.850 ± 0.006	5	11928	745k	16.3m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.839	0.839 ± 0.002	0.814 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.836 ± 0.002	0.836 ± 0.002	5	11673	—	22s
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.837	0.837 ± 0.003	0.798 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.845 ± 0.003	0.845 ± 0.003	5	9671	125k	9.0m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.837	0.837 ± 0.003	0.811 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.846 ± 0.003	0.846 ± 0.003	5	11928	235k	19.1m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.833	0.833 ± 0.006	0.806 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.833 ± 0.007	0.833 ± 0.007	5	10637	—	35s
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.828	0.828 ± 0.019	0.788 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.836 ± 0.016	0.836 ± 0.016	5	9671	118k	8.1m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.824	0.824 ± 0.006	0.797 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.832 ± 0.004	0.832 ± 0.004	5	11928	212k	20.6m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.807	0.807 ± 0.003	0.756 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.816 ± 0.003	0.816 ± 0.003	5	9671	42.9M	8.9m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.800	0.800 ± 0.022	0.749 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.803 ± 0.029	0.803 ± 0.029	5	9671	603k	3.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.794	0.794 ± 0.003	0.749 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.803 ± 0.003	0.803 ± 0.003	5	9671	—	51s
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.768	0.768 ± 0.077	0.779 ± 0.073	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.783 ± 0.085	0.783 ± 0.085	5	149780	745k	16.3m
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.143 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.036 ± 0.000	0.036 ± 0.000	5	67212	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.222 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.052 ± 0.000	0.052 ± 0.000	5	9671	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.138 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.035 ± 0.000	0.035 ± 0.000	5	16980	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.172 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.042 ± 0.000	0.042 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.139 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.035 ± 0.000	0.035 ± 0.000	5	149780	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.190 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.046 ± 0.000	0.046 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.138 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.035 ± 0.000	0.035 ± 0.000	5	37620	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.193 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.046 ± 0.000	0.046 ± 0.000	5	10637	—	0s

fault_phase_line

fault_phase_line — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	f1_A	f1_AB	f1_ABC	f1_AC	f1_B	f1_BC	f1_C	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.993	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.993 ± 0.001	0.993 ± 0.001	5	149780	510k	7.2m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.007	0.991 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.990 ± 0.008	0.990 ± 0.008	5	16980	510k	10.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.991	0.991 ± 0.004	0.991 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.991 ± 0.004	0.991 ± 0.004	5	16980	510k	7.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.002	0.991 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.990 ± 0.002	0.990 ± 0.002	5	16980	510k	7.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.002	0.990 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.990 ± 0.002	0.990 ± 0.002	5	16980	510k	10.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.001	0.990 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.990 ± 0.001	0.990 ± 0.001	5	16980	510k	7.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.005	0.989 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.988 ± 0.005	0.988 ± 0.005	5	37620	510k	9.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.005	0.989 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.988 ± 0.005	0.988 ± 0.005	5	16980	510k	7.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.004	0.989 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.989 ± 0.004	0.989 ± 0.004	5	16980	510k	7.0m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.005	0.987 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.986 ± 0.005	0.986 ± 0.005	5	37620	510k	6.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.002	0.987 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.987 ± 0.002	0.987 ± 0.002	5	37620	52k	1.6m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.001	0.987 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.986 ± 0.001	0.986 ± 0.001	5	16980	52k	2.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.005	0.986 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.986 ± 0.005	0.986 ± 0.005	5	37620	510k	5.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.005	0.986 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.986 ± 0.004	0.986 ± 0.004	5	16980	52k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.986	0.986 ± 0.003	0.986 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.986 ± 0.003	0.986 ± 0.003	5	37620	52k	2.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.001	0.985 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.985 ± 0.001	0.985 ± 0.001	5	16980	55k	2.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.004	0.985 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.985 ± 0.005	0.985 ± 0.005	5	16980	55k	2.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.001	0.985 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.985 ± 0.001	0.985 ± 0.001	5	16980	55k	2.1m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.002	0.985 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.984 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.002	5	37620	52k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.003	0.984 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.984 ± 0.003	0.984 ± 0.003	5	37620	52k	1.3m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.001	0.984 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.984 ± 0.001	0.984 ± 0.001	5	149780	52k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.004	0.984 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.983 ± 0.004	0.983 ± 0.004	5	37620	510k	4.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.004	0.984 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.984 ± 0.004	0.984 ± 0.004	5	37620	52k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.001	0.984 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.983 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.001	5	16980	55k	2.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.006	0.984 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.984 ± 0.007	0.984 ± 0.007	5	37620	52k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.984 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.002	5	16980	52k	2.7m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.000	0.984 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.983 ± 0.000	0.983 ± 0.000	5	37620	3.1M	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.005	0.984 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.983 ± 0.005	0.983 ± 0.005	5	37620	52k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.006	0.984 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.984 ± 0.005	0.984 ± 0.005	5	16980	52k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.003	0.983 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.983 ± 0.003	0.983 ± 0.003	5	16980	55k	1.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.003	0.983 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.983 ± 0.003	0.983 ± 0.003	5	149780	510k	6.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.003	0.984 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.983 ± 0.003	0.983 ± 0.003	5	16980	52k	1.7m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.983 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.002	5	16980	55k	2.9m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.983 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.001	5	16980	3.1M	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.982 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	5	37620	55k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.003	0.983 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.983 ± 0.003	0.983 ± 0.003	5	16980	52k	1.7m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.982 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	5	37620	55k	2.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.003	0.981 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.981 ± 0.003	0.981 ± 0.003	5	37620	55k	1.8m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.000	0.982 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.982 ± 0.000	0.982 ± 0.000	5	149780	3.1M	44s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.982	0.982 ± 0.004	0.982 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.982 ± 0.004	0.982 ± 0.004	5	16980	52k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.005	0.982 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.982 ± 0.005	0.982 ± 0.005	5	37620	510k	4.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.005	0.982 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.981 ± 0.005	0.981 ± 0.005	5	37620	510k	4.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.981 ± 0.001	0.981 ± 0.001	5	16980	55k	3.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.003	0.981 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.980 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	5	37620	55k	1.9m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.003	0.981 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.981 ± 0.003	0.981 ± 0.003	5	149780	55k	1.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.005	0.981 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.981 ± 0.005	0.981 ± 0.005	5	149780	510k	5.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.005	0.981 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.980 ± 0.006	0.980 ± 0.006	5	37620	55k	2.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.004	0.980 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.980 ± 0.004	0.980 ± 0.004	5	149780	55k	2.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.006	0.981 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.980 ± 0.006	0.980 ± 0.006	5	149780	510k	5.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.006	0.980 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.980 ± 0.006	0.980 ± 0.006	5	37620	510k	3.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.980 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	5	16980	3.1M	58s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.980 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	5	16980	3.1M	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.980 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	5	16980	3.1M	60s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.005	0.980 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.980 ± 0.005	0.980 ± 0.005	5	149780	510k	6.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	5	16980	3.1M	59s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.003	0.979 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.003	0.979 ± 0.003	5	37620	55k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.980 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	5	149780	510k	5.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.005	0.979 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.005	0.979 ± 0.005	5	149780	55k	2.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.980 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	5	149780	52k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	5	149780	55k	2.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	5	16980	3.1M	60s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.001	0.980 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	5	149780	52k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	5	149780	52k	6.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.978 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	5	16980	3.1M	58s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.003	0.979 ± 0.003	5	37620	55k	3.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	37620	3.1M	2.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.004	0.979 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.004	0.979 ± 0.004	5	149780	510k	7.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	37620	3.1M	54s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	37620	3.1M	53s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	5	149780	52k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.978 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	5	37620	3.1M	53s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	5	149780	52k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	37620	3.1M	53s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	149780	52k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	5	149780	3.1M	3.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	5	149780	3.1M	59s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	5	149780	3.1M	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	5	149780	3.1M	60s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	5	37620	3.1M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.000	0.979 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.978 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	5	149780	3.1M	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.978 ± 0.000	0.978 ± 0.000	5	149780	3.1M	59s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.004	0.978 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.977 ± 0.004	0.977 ± 0.004	5	149780	55k	2.2m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.977	0.977 ± 0.010	0.977 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.977 ± 0.010	0.977 ± 0.010	5	67212	510k	5.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.003	0.976 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.976 ± 0.003	0.976 ± 0.003	5	149780	55k	2.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.003	0.976 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.976 ± 0.003	0.976 ± 0.003	5	149780	55k	7.1m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	5	67212	52k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.975 ± 0.003	0.975 ± 0.003	5	67212	510k	9.5m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.972	0.972 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.973 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	5	149780	—	18s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.972	0.972 ± 0.003	0.973 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.972 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.003	5	67212	510k	4.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.972	0.972 ± 0.005	0.972 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.972 ± 0.005	0.972 ± 0.005	5	67212	52k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.971	0.971 ± 0.009	0.971 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.971 ± 0.009	0.971 ± 0.009	5	67212	510k	4.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.003	0.970 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.969 ± 0.003	0.969 ± 0.003	5	67212	52k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.006	0.969 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.969 ± 0.006	0.969 ± 0.006	5	67212	52k	1.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.003	0.968 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.968 ± 0.003	0.968 ± 0.003	5	67212	55k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.968	0.968 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.968 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.002	5	67212	55k	2.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.967 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.002	5	67212	55k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.005	0.967 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.967 ± 0.005	0.967 ± 0.005	5	67212	52k	2.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.011	0.967 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.967 ± 0.011	0.967 ± 0.011	5	67212	510k	3.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.012	0.967 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.966 ± 0.012	0.966 ± 0.012	5	67212	510k	3.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.967	0.967 ± 0.007	0.967 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.967 ± 0.007	0.967 ± 0.007	5	67212	52k	1.1m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.966 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	5	37620	—	11s
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.966 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	5	67212	3.1M	35s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.004	0.966 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.966 ± 0.004	0.966 ± 0.004	5	67212	55k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.003	0.966 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.966 ± 0.003	0.966 ± 0.003	5	67212	55k	1.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.009	0.964 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.964 ± 0.009	0.964 ± 0.009	5	67212	510k	3.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.963 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.001	5	67212	3.1M	49s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.964	0.964 ± 0.000	0.963 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.963 ± 0.000	0.963 ± 0.000	5	67212	3.1M	2.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.011	0.963 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.963 ± 0.011	0.963 ± 0.011	5	67212	55k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.000	0.962 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.962 ± 0.000	0.962 ± 0.000	5	67212	3.1M	48s
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.012	0.962 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.962 ± 0.012	0.962 ± 0.012	5	67212	55k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.000	0.961 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.962 ± 0.000	0.962 ± 0.000	5	67212	3.1M	49s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.011	0.962 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.962 ± 0.011	0.962 ± 0.011	5	67212	52k	55s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.960 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.001	5	67212	3.1M	48s
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.960 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.001	5	16980	—	12s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.960 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.001	5	67212	3.1M	49s
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.001	0.955 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.955 ± 0.001	0.955 ± 0.001	5	67212	—	11s
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.926	0.926 ± 0.001	0.927 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.927 ± 0.000	0.927 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	18s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.011	0.916 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.929 ± 0.011	0.929 ± 0.011	5	6630	510k	3.7m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.920	0.920 ± 0.004	0.917 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.929 ± 0.005	0.929 ± 0.005	5	6630	55k	1.6m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.916	0.916 ± 0.003	0.909 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.923 ± 0.003	0.923 ± 0.003	5	11928	510k	7.2m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.916	0.916 ± 0.015	0.906 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.924 ± 0.015	0.924 ± 0.015	5	6758	510k	4.0m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.913	0.913 ± 0.005	0.906 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.922 ± 0.004	0.922 ± 0.004	5	6630	52k	54s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.913	0.913 ± 0.004	0.905 ± 0.006	0.896 ± 0.006	0.969 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.002	0.856 ± 0.011	0.960 ± 0.001	0.845 ± 0.023	0.921 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.910	0.910 ± 0.015	0.902 ± 0.021	0.890 ± 0.030	0.966 ± 0.005	0.959 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.005	0.861 ± 0.022	0.959 ± 0.004	0.835 ± 0.056	0.919 ± 0.013	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.910	0.910 ± 0.014	0.903 ± 0.018	0.850 ± 0.032	0.963 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.006	0.969 ± 0.002	0.832 ± 0.023	0.968 ± 0.002	0.871 ± 0.041	0.917 ± 0.014	0.917 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.909	0.909 ± 0.008	0.902 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.916 ± 0.008	0.916 ± 0.008	5	7154	52k	58s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.908	0.908 ± 0.007	0.901 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.919 ± 0.006	0.919 ± 0.006	5	6853	55k	56s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.908	0.908 ± 0.003	0.895 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.916 ± 0.003	0.916 ± 0.003	5	6758	52k	1.1m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.907	0.907 ± 0.012	0.899 ± 0.015	0.829 ± 0.021	0.963 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.002	0.828 ± 0.043	0.968 ± 0.001	0.879 ± 0.018	0.915 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.907	0.907 ± 0.003	0.899 ± 0.004	0.844 ± 0.004	0.962 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.000	0.825 ± 0.014	0.969 ± 0.001	0.864 ± 0.013	0.914 ± 0.003	0.914 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.906	0.906 ± 0.017	0.897 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.913 ± 0.016	0.913 ± 0.016	5	7154	510k	3.1m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.904	0.904 ± 0.001	0.894 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.914 ± 0.001	0.914 ± 0.001	5	6853	3.1M	32s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.903	0.903 ± 0.003	0.908 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.908 ± 0.003	0.908 ± 0.003	5	149780	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.902	0.902 ± 0.003	0.907 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.906 ± 0.003	0.906 ± 0.003	5	149780	52k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.902	0.902 ± 0.008	0.893 ± 0.009	0.876 ± 0.030	0.970 ± 0.000	0.962 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.006	0.841 ± 0.023	0.959 ± 0.003	0.819 ± 0.011	0.912 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.902	0.902 ± 0.002	0.907 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.907 ± 0.002	0.907 ± 0.002	5	149780	510k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.902	0.902 ± 0.020	0.893 ± 0.026	0.820 ± 0.032	0.960 ± 0.004	0.966 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.001	0.816 ± 0.071	0.968 ± 0.002	0.869 ± 0.042	0.910 ± 0.019	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.901	0.901 ± 0.003	0.906 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.906 ± 0.003	0.906 ± 0.003	5	149780	52k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.901	0.901 ± 0.008	0.895 ± 0.011	0.852 ± 0.031	0.957 ± 0.002	0.933 ± 0.003	0.956 ± 0.004	0.871 ± 0.018	0.957 ± 0.002	0.846 ± 0.022	0.910 ± 0.008	0.910 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.899	0.899 ± 0.002	0.904 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.909 ± 0.002	0.909 ± 0.002	5	37620	52k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.898	0.898 ± 0.013	0.889 ± 0.015	0.820 ± 0.029	0.958 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.003	0.805 ± 0.031	0.969 ± 0.001	0.856 ± 0.034	0.906 ± 0.012	0.906 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.897	0.897 ± 0.005	0.903 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.903 ± 0.005	0.903 ± 0.005	5	149780	510k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.897	0.897 ± 0.012	0.882 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.906 ± 0.013	0.906 ± 0.013	5	6758	55k	1.1m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.896	0.896 ± 0.005	0.887 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.910 ± 0.003	0.910 ± 0.003	5	6853	52k	25s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.896	0.896 ± 0.006	0.884 ± 0.008	0.815 ± 0.009	0.967 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	0.820 ± 0.021	0.969 ± 0.002	0.828 ± 0.021	0.905 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.896	0.896 ± 0.001	0.901 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.908 ± 0.002	0.908 ± 0.002	5	37620	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.896	0.896 ± 0.004	0.901 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.908 ± 0.003	0.908 ± 0.003	5	37620	52k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.895	0.895 ± 0.003	0.882 ± 0.003	0.813 ± 0.007	0.968 ± 0.000	0.968 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.820 ± 0.009	0.968 ± 0.001	0.821 ± 0.011	0.904 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.895	0.895 ± 0.003	0.882 ± 0.004	0.811 ± 0.006	0.967 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.002	0.815 ± 0.005	0.969 ± 0.001	0.828 ± 0.013	0.904 ± 0.003	0.904 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.895	0.895 ± 0.020	0.882 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.903 ± 0.019	0.903 ± 0.019	5	10637	510k	6.4m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.894	0.894 ± 0.002	0.899 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.899 ± 0.002	0.899 ± 0.002	5	149780	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.894	0.894 ± 0.001	0.899 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.899 ± 0.001	0.899 ± 0.001	5	149780	52k	—
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.894	0.894 ± 0.026	0.881 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.903 ± 0.024	0.903 ± 0.024	5	11673	510k	10.1m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.894	0.894 ± 0.007	0.883 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.904 ± 0.005	0.904 ± 0.005	5	6630	3.1M	1.1m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.894	0.894 ± 0.005	0.884 ± 0.005	0.828 ± 0.026	0.961 ± 0.001	0.938 ± 0.009	0.961 ± 0.002	0.845 ± 0.024	0.962 ± 0.001	0.835 ± 0.019	0.904 ± 0.004	0.904 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.893	0.893 ± 0.001	0.879 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.900 ± 0.002	0.900 ± 0.002	5	11928	52k	1.7m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.892	0.892 ± 0.004	0.894 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.894 ± 0.003	0.894 ± 0.003	5	37620	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.892	0.892 ± 0.005	0.897 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.905 ± 0.006	0.905 ± 0.006	5	37620	510k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.891	0.891 ± 0.002	0.877 ± 0.003	0.812 ± 0.007	0.968 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.004	0.807 ± 0.003	0.969 ± 0.000	0.811 ± 0.010	0.900 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.890	0.890 ± 0.003	0.895 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.894 ± 0.004	0.894 ± 0.004	5	149780	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.890	0.890 ± 0.011	0.895 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.893 ± 0.011	0.893 ± 0.011	5	149780	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.890	0.890 ± 0.006	0.893 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.892 ± 0.006	0.892 ± 0.006	5	149780	55k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.889	0.889 ± 0.004	0.874 ± 0.006	0.803 ± 0.006	0.968 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.002	0.802 ± 0.018	0.969 ± 0.001	0.807 ± 0.009	0.898 ± 0.004	0.898 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.889	0.889 ± 0.002	0.874 ± 0.003	0.809 ± 0.007	0.967 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.002	0.794 ± 0.005	0.969 ± 0.002	0.809 ± 0.008	0.898 ± 0.002	0.898 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.889	0.889 ± 0.003	0.874 ± 0.004	0.796 ± 0.004	0.968 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.003	0.805 ± 0.006	0.969 ± 0.000	0.808 ± 0.012	0.897 ± 0.003	0.897 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.888	0.888 ± 0.002	0.873 ± 0.003	0.802 ± 0.006	0.968 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.003	0.796 ± 0.006	0.969 ± 0.001	0.809 ± 0.006	0.897 ± 0.002	0.897 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.888	0.888 ± 0.004	0.872 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.896 ± 0.004	0.896 ± 0.004	5	11673	510k	7.0m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.018	0.874 ± 0.024	0.801 ± 0.056	0.959 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.003	0.777 ± 0.032	0.968 ± 0.001	0.830 ± 0.052	0.896 ± 0.019	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.004	0.872 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.899 ± 0.005	0.899 ± 0.005	5	6853	510k	1.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.002	0.872 ± 0.002	0.806 ± 0.009	0.967 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.003	0.795 ± 0.005	0.969 ± 0.000	0.800 ± 0.014	0.896 ± 0.001	0.896 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.001	0.875 ± 0.002	0.849 ± 0.006	0.958 ± 0.001	0.933 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.001	0.824 ± 0.003	0.956 ± 0.000	0.792 ± 0.007	0.897 ± 0.001	0.897 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.002	0.871 ± 0.002	0.809 ± 0.011	0.967 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.002	0.792 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.000	0.796 ± 0.004	0.896 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.886	0.886 ± 0.003	0.870 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.895 ± 0.003	0.895 ± 0.003	5	11673	510k	7.0m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.886	0.886 ± 0.006	0.869 ± 0.008	0.848 ± 0.013	0.970 ± 0.000	0.962 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.004	0.785 ± 0.026	0.957 ± 0.001	0.783 ± 0.005	0.896 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.886	0.886 ± 0.003	0.871 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.895 ± 0.002	0.895 ± 0.002	5	10637	52k	1.9m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.886	0.886 ± 0.006	0.889 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.888 ± 0.007	0.888 ± 0.007	5	149780	55k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.886	0.886 ± 0.002	0.870 ± 0.003	0.807 ± 0.005	0.967 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.789 ± 0.006	0.967 ± 0.002	0.798 ± 0.006	0.895 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.005	0.869 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.894 ± 0.005	0.894 ± 0.005	5	11673	510k	7.0m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.003	0.888 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.888 ± 0.002	0.888 ± 0.002	5	37620	55k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.009	0.871 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.891 ± 0.008	0.891 ± 0.008	5	11928	55k	2.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.002	0.869 ± 0.003	0.798 ± 0.015	0.967 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	0.791 ± 0.011	0.969 ± 0.002	0.797 ± 0.015	0.894 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.011	0.871 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.890 ± 0.010	0.890 ± 0.010	5	11928	510k	6.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.007	0.868 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.892 ± 0.007	0.892 ± 0.007	5	10637	510k	9.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.004	0.869 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.891 ± 0.005	0.891 ± 0.005	5	11928	55k	2.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.004	0.869 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.890 ± 0.004	0.890 ± 0.004	5	11928	55k	2.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.002	0.869 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.889 ± 0.002	0.889 ± 0.002	5	11928	52k	1.7m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.883	0.883 ± 0.016	0.871 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.892 ± 0.014	0.892 ± 0.014	5	7154	55k	1.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.883	0.883 ± 0.005	0.868 ± 0.006	0.799 ± 0.019	0.964 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	0.789 ± 0.008	0.963 ± 0.002	0.800 ± 0.010	0.892 ± 0.005	0.892 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.883	0.883 ± 0.002	0.884 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.888 ± 0.002	0.888 ± 0.002	5	37620	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.883	0.883 ± 0.004	0.867 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.892 ± 0.004	0.892 ± 0.004	5	10637	52k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.883	0.883 ± 0.016	0.868 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.888 ± 0.015	0.888 ± 0.015	5	11928	510k	5.8m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.002	0.869 ± 0.003	0.778 ± 0.010	0.958 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.970 ± 0.000	0.757 ± 0.007	0.970 ± 0.000	0.835 ± 0.009	0.891 ± 0.002	0.891 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.012	0.866 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.891 ± 0.012	0.891 ± 0.012	5	10637	510k	5.7m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.004	0.869 ± 0.005	0.827 ± 0.010	0.959 ± 0.002	0.938 ± 0.012	0.960 ± 0.002	0.807 ± 0.020	0.960 ± 0.003	0.800 ± 0.051	0.893 ± 0.005	0.893 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.002	0.885 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.885 ± 0.002	0.885 ± 0.002	5	16980	55k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.005	0.866 ± 0.006	0.798 ± 0.016	0.965 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.003	0.789 ± 0.008	0.964 ± 0.002	0.790 ± 0.009	0.891 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.002	0.866 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.887 ± 0.002	0.887 ± 0.002	5	11928	52k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.003	0.865 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.886 ± 0.003	0.886 ± 0.003	5	11928	52k	6.1m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.007	0.886 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.884 ± 0.007	0.884 ± 0.007	5	149780	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.022	0.887 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.890 ± 0.025	0.890 ± 0.025	5	37620	55k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.012	0.865 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.887 ± 0.013	0.887 ± 0.013	5	11928	55k	2.2m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.006	0.887 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.889 ± 0.006	0.889 ± 0.006	5	67212	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.001	0.882 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.884 ± 0.000	0.884 ± 0.000	5	37620	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.002	0.865 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.886 ± 0.002	0.886 ± 0.002	5	11928	52k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.006	0.865 ± 0.008	0.792 ± 0.015	0.965 ± 0.003	0.966 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.001	0.785 ± 0.015	0.964 ± 0.001	0.791 ± 0.017	0.890 ± 0.006	0.890 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.008	0.886 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.892 ± 0.009	0.892 ± 0.009	5	37620	510k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.004	0.863 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.889 ± 0.004	0.889 ± 0.004	5	11673	510k	7.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.010	0.864 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.889 ± 0.009	0.889 ± 0.009	5	10637	52k	2.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.002	0.864 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.885 ± 0.002	0.885 ± 0.002	5	11928	52k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.001	0.863 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.884 ± 0.001	0.884 ± 0.001	5	11928	52k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.003	0.864 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.885 ± 0.004	0.885 ± 0.004	5	11928	510k	5.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.003	0.861 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.888 ± 0.003	0.888 ± 0.003	5	11673	510k	7.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.003	0.862 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.889 ± 0.003	0.889 ± 0.003	5	11673	510k	10.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.003	0.862 ± 0.004	0.805 ± 0.013	0.966 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.002	0.762 ± 0.009	0.967 ± 0.001	0.786 ± 0.017	0.888 ± 0.003	0.888 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.001	0.864 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.887 ± 0.001	0.887 ± 0.001	5	7154	3.1M	35s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.009	0.861 ± 0.012	0.775 ± 0.035	0.962 ± 0.005	0.925 ± 0.005	0.963 ± 0.001	0.806 ± 0.012	0.965 ± 0.003	0.796 ± 0.022	0.885 ± 0.009	0.885 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.011	0.863 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.884 ± 0.012	0.884 ± 0.012	5	11928	510k	5.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.005	0.858 ± 0.007	0.792 ± 0.011	0.953 ± 0.003	0.954 ± 0.004	0.948 ± 0.004	0.808 ± 0.011	0.962 ± 0.005	0.803 ± 0.013	0.889 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.010	0.862 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.884 ± 0.009	0.884 ± 0.009	5	11928	510k	6.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.002	0.861 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.888 ± 0.002	0.888 ± 0.002	5	11673	52k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.001	0.860 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.887 ± 0.001	0.887 ± 0.001	5	11673	52k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.002	0.861 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.888 ± 0.002	0.888 ± 0.002	5	11673	52k	1.7m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.002	0.860 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.888 ± 0.001	0.888 ± 0.001	5	11673	52k	2.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.011	0.860 ± 0.014	0.796 ± 0.026	0.965 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.004	0.767 ± 0.028	0.968 ± 0.002	0.781 ± 0.031	0.886 ± 0.010	0.886 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.005	0.860 ± 0.007	0.789 ± 0.019	0.966 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.002	0.776 ± 0.010	0.964 ± 0.002	0.783 ± 0.014	0.887 ± 0.005	0.887 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.009	0.881 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.883 ± 0.009	0.883 ± 0.009	5	67212	510k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.001	0.859 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.886 ± 0.001	0.886 ± 0.001	5	11673	52k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.012	0.859 ± 0.017	0.772 ± 0.038	0.966 ± 0.003	0.923 ± 0.009	0.963 ± 0.001	0.803 ± 0.017	0.965 ± 0.003	0.788 ± 0.035	0.883 ± 0.013	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.004	0.859 ± 0.005	0.778 ± 0.019	0.965 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.002	0.776 ± 0.012	0.963 ± 0.002	0.790 ± 0.016	0.886 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.020	0.859 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.885 ± 0.020	0.885 ± 0.020	5	10637	52k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.014	0.859 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.885 ± 0.013	0.885 ± 0.013	5	10637	55k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.003	0.858 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.885 ± 0.004	0.885 ± 0.004	5	11673	52k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.007	0.859 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.885 ± 0.006	0.885 ± 0.006	5	10637	55k	1.9m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.004	0.852 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.886 ± 0.004	0.886 ± 0.004	5	6758	3.1M	37s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.018	0.858 ± 0.023	0.785 ± 0.031	0.964 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.001	0.769 ± 0.053	0.964 ± 0.003	0.786 ± 0.040	0.886 ± 0.017	—	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.010	0.858 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.885 ± 0.010	0.885 ± 0.010	5	10637	55k	2.3m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.003	0.880 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.879 ± 0.003	0.879 ± 0.003	5	16980	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.010	0.882 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.885 ± 0.007	0.885 ± 0.007	5	67212	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.022	0.881 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.882 ± 0.026	0.882 ± 0.026	5	37620	55k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.007	0.857 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.881 ± 0.007	0.881 ± 0.007	5	11928	55k	7.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.011	0.857 ± 0.014	0.773 ± 0.031	0.966 ± 0.001	0.920 ± 0.012	0.956 ± 0.006	0.796 ± 0.023	0.964 ± 0.001	0.794 ± 0.020	0.881 ± 0.011	0.881 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.020	0.857 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.883 ± 0.019	0.883 ± 0.019	5	10637	52k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.005	0.878 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.880 ± 0.005	0.880 ± 0.005	5	67212	52k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.017	0.855 ± 0.021	0.800 ± 0.042	0.965 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.004	0.763 ± 0.033	0.967 ± 0.002	0.756 ± 0.040	0.882 ± 0.017	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.010	0.857 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.882 ± 0.010	0.882 ± 0.010	5	10637	55k	2.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.012	0.858 ± 0.013	0.803 ± 0.025	0.964 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.003	0.764 ± 0.026	0.963 ± 0.003	0.773 ± 0.023	0.884 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.004	0.880 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.884 ± 0.004	0.884 ± 0.004	5	37620	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.005	0.881 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.889 ± 0.004	0.889 ± 0.004	5	16980	510k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.010	0.857 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.880 ± 0.009	0.880 ± 0.009	5	11928	510k	7.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.002	0.855 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.883 ± 0.002	0.883 ± 0.002	5	11673	52k	2.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.004	0.856 ± 0.006	0.773 ± 0.016	0.964 ± 0.001	0.928 ± 0.012	0.961 ± 0.003	0.791 ± 0.009	0.964 ± 0.002	0.784 ± 0.018	0.881 ± 0.004	0.881 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.005	0.881 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.889 ± 0.005	0.889 ± 0.005	5	16980	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.012	0.879 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.881 ± 0.013	0.881 ± 0.013	5	67212	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.004	0.881 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.886 ± 0.004	0.886 ± 0.004	5	16980	52k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.017	0.855 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.882 ± 0.017	0.882 ± 0.017	5	10637	52k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.006	0.879 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.882 ± 0.005	0.882 ± 0.005	5	67212	510k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.005	0.856 ± 0.006	0.771 ± 0.014	0.963 ± 0.002	0.923 ± 0.006	0.961 ± 0.004	0.797 ± 0.013	0.965 ± 0.002	0.783 ± 0.009	0.880 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.002	0.856 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.883 ± 0.002	0.883 ± 0.002	5	11673	55k	2.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.004	0.856 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.880 ± 0.005	0.880 ± 0.005	5	11928	55k	2.1m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.874	0.874 ± 0.011	0.855 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.881 ± 0.011	0.881 ± 0.011	5	11928	55k	1.9m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.002	0.858 ± 0.003	0.762 ± 0.006	0.960 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.000	0.737 ± 0.004	0.970 ± 0.000	0.820 ± 0.008	0.884 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.003	0.878 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.883 ± 0.003	0.883 ± 0.003	5	37620	52k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.010	0.855 ± 0.012	0.801 ± 0.028	0.963 ± 0.005	0.966 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.003	0.752 ± 0.009	0.964 ± 0.007	0.771 ± 0.022	0.882 ± 0.010	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.003	0.854 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.882 ± 0.003	0.882 ± 0.003	5	11673	55k	2.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.006	0.855 ± 0.006	0.791 ± 0.028	0.965 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.002	0.955 ± 0.003	0.761 ± 0.015	0.960 ± 0.003	0.777 ± 0.020	0.882 ± 0.005	0.882 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.016	0.854 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.881 ± 0.015	0.881 ± 0.015	5	10637	55k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.872	0.872 ± 0.017	0.855 ± 0.019	0.794 ± 0.048	0.964 ± 0.005	0.966 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.005	0.751 ± 0.024	0.966 ± 0.004	0.779 ± 0.030	0.883 ± 0.015	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.872	0.872 ± 0.008	0.879 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.880 ± 0.008	0.880 ± 0.008	5	16980	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.872	0.872 ± 0.003	0.878 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.877 ± 0.003	0.877 ± 0.003	5	149780	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.005	0.878 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.888 ± 0.005	0.888 ± 0.005	5	16980	510k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.004	0.852 ± 0.004	0.784 ± 0.011	0.964 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.002	0.751 ± 0.017	0.966 ± 0.001	0.771 ± 0.026	0.881 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.014	0.852 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.880 ± 0.014	0.880 ± 0.014	5	10637	52k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.014	0.853 ± 0.016	0.788 ± 0.060	0.964 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.001	0.955 ± 0.004	0.761 ± 0.024	0.962 ± 0.004	0.768 ± 0.017	0.880 ± 0.012	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.004	0.852 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.880 ± 0.005	0.880 ± 0.005	5	11673	55k	2.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.016	0.853 ± 0.020	0.800 ± 0.030	0.962 ± 0.006	0.962 ± 0.002	0.953 ± 0.007	0.752 ± 0.035	0.960 ± 0.006	0.769 ± 0.032	0.880 ± 0.016	0.880 ± 0.016	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.002	0.876 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.879 ± 0.003	0.879 ± 0.003	5	37620	52k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.004	0.851 ± 0.006	0.739 ± 0.014	0.965 ± 0.004	0.921 ± 0.006	0.964 ± 0.003	0.790 ± 0.014	0.965 ± 0.002	0.792 ± 0.006	0.877 ± 0.004	0.877 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.007	0.875 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.880 ± 0.006	0.880 ± 0.006	5	37620	52k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.001	0.850 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.880 ± 0.001	0.880 ± 0.001	5	11673	55k	2.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.021	0.850 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.879 ± 0.019	0.879 ± 0.019	5	10637	510k	4.5m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.008	0.873 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.876 ± 0.008	0.876 ± 0.008	5	67212	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.009	0.876 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.877 ± 0.011	0.877 ± 0.011	5	16980	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.006	0.875 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.879 ± 0.008	0.879 ± 0.008	5	37620	510k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.008	0.848 ± 0.010	0.739 ± 0.025	0.966 ± 0.003	0.929 ± 0.006	0.967 ± 0.003	0.786 ± 0.015	0.964 ± 0.002	0.776 ± 0.021	0.875 ± 0.008	0.875 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.015	0.850 ± 0.019	0.759 ± 0.039	0.965 ± 0.002	0.913 ± 0.018	0.957 ± 0.007	0.787 ± 0.024	0.964 ± 0.003	0.780 ± 0.032	0.875 ± 0.016	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.012	0.874 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.878 ± 0.012	0.878 ± 0.012	5	67212	510k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.004	0.848 ± 0.005	0.736 ± 0.011	0.964 ± 0.005	0.921 ± 0.008	0.965 ± 0.003	0.784 ± 0.012	0.966 ± 0.002	0.787 ± 0.011	0.875 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.009	0.872 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.875 ± 0.008	0.875 ± 0.008	5	67212	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.001	0.868 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.870 ± 0.001	0.870 ± 0.001	5	37620	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.006	0.875 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.881 ± 0.008	0.881 ± 0.008	5	16980	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.001	0.872 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.874 ± 0.001	0.874 ± 0.001	5	67212	52k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.003	0.847 ± 0.004	0.740 ± 0.009	0.965 ± 0.004	0.922 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.004	0.780 ± 0.008	0.963 ± 0.003	0.784 ± 0.012	0.874 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.030	0.873 ± 0.030	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.875 ± 0.033	0.875 ± 0.033	5	149780	510k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.005	0.846 ± 0.006	0.732 ± 0.010	0.964 ± 0.005	0.921 ± 0.005	0.965 ± 0.003	0.789 ± 0.013	0.965 ± 0.002	0.778 ± 0.016	0.873 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.005	0.846 ± 0.007	0.733 ± 0.019	0.964 ± 0.004	0.923 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.003	0.780 ± 0.009	0.965 ± 0.002	0.781 ± 0.013	0.873 ± 0.005	0.873 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.016	0.847 ± 0.020	0.783 ± 0.044	0.963 ± 0.004	0.966 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.002	0.743 ± 0.023	0.965 ± 0.003	0.755 ± 0.036	0.876 ± 0.015	0.876 ± 0.015	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.005	0.846 ± 0.005	0.734 ± 0.012	0.963 ± 0.004	0.920 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.002	0.785 ± 0.011	0.966 ± 0.002	0.776 ± 0.015	0.873 ± 0.004	0.873 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.015	0.846 ± 0.019	0.735 ± 0.035	0.966 ± 0.002	0.919 ± 0.010	0.965 ± 0.001	0.787 ± 0.028	0.966 ± 0.002	0.774 ± 0.033	0.873 ± 0.015	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.013	0.846 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.875 ± 0.013	0.875 ± 0.013	5	10637	55k	3.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.003	0.845 ± 0.003	0.740 ± 0.013	0.966 ± 0.003	0.922 ± 0.005	0.965 ± 0.003	0.781 ± 0.015	0.966 ± 0.001	0.767 ± 0.011	0.872 ± 0.003	0.872 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.001	0.868 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.870 ± 0.001	0.870 ± 0.001	5	16980	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.002	0.845 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.875 ± 0.002	0.875 ± 0.002	5	11673	55k	3.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.015	0.846 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.876 ± 0.013	0.876 ± 0.013	5	11673	55k	1.9m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.001	0.868 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.868 ± 0.001	0.868 ± 0.001	5	16980	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.016	0.872 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.873 ± 0.015	0.873 ± 0.015	5	149780	52k	—
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.034	0.844 ± 0.042	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.875 ± 0.032	0.875 ± 0.032	5	11673	55k	2.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.015	0.843 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.874 ± 0.014	0.874 ± 0.014	5	10637	510k	4.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.020	0.843 ± 0.025	0.774 ± 0.040	0.964 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.006	0.959 ± 0.003	0.740 ± 0.046	0.966 ± 0.004	0.746 ± 0.041	0.873 ± 0.019	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.005	0.871 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.874 ± 0.004	0.874 ± 0.004	5	37620	52k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.015	0.844 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.874 ± 0.014	0.874 ± 0.014	5	10637	55k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.022	0.845 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.874 ± 0.022	0.874 ± 0.022	5	10637	510k	3.0m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.008	0.865 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.867 ± 0.007	0.867 ± 0.007	5	37620	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.002	0.868 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.872 ± 0.003	0.872 ± 0.003	5	37620	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.003	0.871 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.875 ± 0.003	0.875 ± 0.003	5	16980	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.001	0.866 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.866 ± 0.001	0.866 ± 0.001	5	16980	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.001	0.843 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.870 ± 0.001	0.870 ± 0.001	5	11928	3.1M	3.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.015	0.842 ± 0.020	0.772 ± 0.052	0.965 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.002	0.957 ± 0.002	0.739 ± 0.028	0.963 ± 0.003	0.747 ± 0.031	0.872 ± 0.015	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.003	0.840 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.871 ± 0.003	0.871 ± 0.003	5	10637	3.1M	54s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.002	0.842 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.871 ± 0.002	0.871 ± 0.002	5	11928	3.1M	59s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.007	0.869 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.867 ± 0.007	0.867 ± 0.007	5	16980	55k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.001	0.842 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.870 ± 0.002	0.870 ± 0.002	5	11928	3.1M	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.001	0.842 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.870 ± 0.002	0.870 ± 0.002	5	11928	3.1M	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.001	0.842 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.870 ± 0.001	0.870 ± 0.001	5	11928	3.1M	60s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.010	0.840 ± 0.012	0.724 ± 0.028	0.965 ± 0.005	0.920 ± 0.008	0.965 ± 0.003	0.779 ± 0.008	0.965 ± 0.001	0.763 ± 0.030	0.869 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.002	0.841 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.870 ± 0.002	0.870 ± 0.002	5	11928	3.1M	59s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.004	0.869 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.873 ± 0.003	0.873 ± 0.003	5	16980	52k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.005	0.841 ± 0.007	0.748 ± 0.016	0.964 ± 0.001	0.918 ± 0.012	0.959 ± 0.003	0.761 ± 0.012	0.963 ± 0.003	0.768 ± 0.008	0.869 ± 0.006	0.869 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.005	0.836 ± 0.007	0.757 ± 0.015	0.953 ± 0.007	0.927 ± 0.016	0.968 ± 0.000	0.786 ± 0.023	0.957 ± 0.002	0.751 ± 0.028	0.871 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.015	0.841 ± 0.017	0.770 ± 0.027	0.965 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.003	0.730 ± 0.034	0.964 ± 0.003	0.748 ± 0.025	0.872 ± 0.012	0.872 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.001	0.868 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.873 ± 0.002	0.873 ± 0.002	5	16980	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.012	0.866 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.866 ± 0.013	0.866 ± 0.013	5	37620	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.001	0.862 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.863 ± 0.001	0.863 ± 0.001	5	149780	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.005	0.865 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.867 ± 0.005	0.867 ± 0.005	5	67212	510k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.018	0.840 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.870 ± 0.017	0.870 ± 0.017	5	10637	510k	4.2m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.004	0.825 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.865 ± 0.005	0.865 ± 0.005	5	4353	3.1M	23s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.013	0.839 ± 0.015	0.761 ± 0.027	0.965 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.004	0.729 ± 0.028	0.967 ± 0.002	0.749 ± 0.040	0.871 ± 0.011	0.871 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.005	0.862 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.863 ± 0.005	0.863 ± 0.005	5	16980	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.003	0.835 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.868 ± 0.002	0.868 ± 0.002	5	10637	3.1M	2.0m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.009	0.864 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.865 ± 0.010	0.865 ± 0.010	5	67212	55k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.003	0.836 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.868 ± 0.002	0.868 ± 0.002	5	10637	3.1M	53s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.009	0.839 ± 0.010	0.734 ± 0.019	0.964 ± 0.003	0.921 ± 0.011	0.958 ± 0.005	0.765 ± 0.019	0.963 ± 0.003	0.762 ± 0.015	0.867 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.003	0.835 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.868 ± 0.002	0.868 ± 0.002	5	10637	3.1M	53s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.001	0.866 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.869 ± 0.002	0.869 ± 0.002	5	16980	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.004	0.867 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.871 ± 0.006	0.871 ± 0.006	5	16980	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.007	0.864 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.866 ± 0.007	0.866 ± 0.007	5	67212	52k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.002	0.834 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.867 ± 0.002	0.867 ± 0.002	5	10637	3.1M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.002	0.833 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.867 ± 0.002	0.867 ± 0.002	5	11673	3.1M	58s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.012	0.835 ± 0.018	0.746 ± 0.049	0.964 ± 0.004	0.963 ± 0.002	0.955 ± 0.003	0.728 ± 0.036	0.962 ± 0.003	0.748 ± 0.030	0.867 ± 0.013	0.867 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.002	0.833 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.867 ± 0.002	0.867 ± 0.002	5	11673	3.1M	60s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.030	0.832 ± 0.038	0.749 ± 0.063	0.952 ± 0.002	0.944 ± 0.015	0.943 ± 0.008	0.780 ± 0.046	0.959 ± 0.008	0.759 ± 0.066	0.869 ± 0.027	0.869 ± 0.027	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.004	0.864 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.868 ± 0.005	0.868 ± 0.005	5	16980	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.004	0.865 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.868 ± 0.005	0.868 ± 0.005	5	16980	52k	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.036	0.820 ± 0.058	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.867 ± 0.038	0.867 ± 0.038	5	9671	510k	5.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.002	0.832 ± 0.002	0.724 ± 0.014	0.970 ± 0.000	0.957 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.724 ± 0.006	0.967 ± 0.000	0.754 ± 0.012	0.866 ± 0.001	0.866 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.003	0.832 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.866 ± 0.003	0.866 ± 0.003	5	10637	3.1M	53s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.007	0.833 ± 0.009	0.761 ± 0.014	0.945 ± 0.006	0.945 ± 0.006	0.935 ± 0.005	0.777 ± 0.014	0.946 ± 0.009	0.764 ± 0.015	0.868 ± 0.007	0.868 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.019	0.864 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.861 ± 0.019	0.861 ± 0.019	5	149780	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.001	0.858 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.858 ± 0.001	0.858 ± 0.001	5	149780	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.005	0.858 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.861 ± 0.005	0.861 ± 0.005	5	67212	55k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.018	0.834 ± 0.021	0.753 ± 0.054	0.964 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.004	0.958 ± 0.005	0.719 ± 0.034	0.964 ± 0.005	0.746 ± 0.039	0.867 ± 0.016	0.867 ± 0.016	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.003	0.831 ± 0.005	0.719 ± 0.025	0.970 ± 0.000	0.957 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.720 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.001	0.757 ± 0.011	0.865 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.002	0.830 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.865 ± 0.001	0.865 ± 0.001	5	11673	3.1M	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.002	0.830 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.865 ± 0.002	0.865 ± 0.002	5	11673	3.1M	58s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.003	0.830 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.865 ± 0.002	0.865 ± 0.002	5	11673	3.1M	60s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.019	0.827 ± 0.026	0.742 ± 0.041	0.951 ± 0.004	0.950 ± 0.004	0.949 ± 0.006	0.760 ± 0.041	0.965 ± 0.003	0.753 ± 0.042	0.867 ± 0.018	0.867 ± 0.018	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.004	0.830 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.864 ± 0.003	0.864 ± 0.003	5	10637	3.1M	1.1m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.004	0.831 ± 0.004	0.768 ± 0.011	0.948 ± 0.009	0.935 ± 0.008	0.966 ± 0.003	0.773 ± 0.018	0.952 ± 0.006	0.733 ± 0.028	0.868 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.009	0.860 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.860 ± 0.010	0.860 ± 0.010	5	67212	55k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.013	0.827 ± 0.016	0.744 ± 0.028	0.948 ± 0.007	0.950 ± 0.003	0.941 ± 0.009	0.771 ± 0.021	0.961 ± 0.004	0.746 ± 0.034	0.866 ± 0.013	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.003	0.827 ± 0.004	0.742 ± 0.009	0.950 ± 0.005	0.946 ± 0.001	0.941 ± 0.005	0.771 ± 0.009	0.951 ± 0.004	0.756 ± 0.010	0.865 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.006	0.831 ± 0.009	0.749 ± 0.014	0.938 ± 0.011	0.943 ± 0.009	0.936 ± 0.008	0.781 ± 0.015	0.949 ± 0.009	0.765 ± 0.021	0.866 ± 0.007	0.866 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.007	0.829 ± 0.009	0.749 ± 0.020	0.943 ± 0.011	0.945 ± 0.007	0.939 ± 0.007	0.772 ± 0.019	0.953 ± 0.007	0.759 ± 0.020	0.866 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.002	0.828 ± 0.003	0.711 ± 0.011	0.968 ± 0.001	0.957 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	0.717 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.001	0.754 ± 0.009	0.863 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.008	0.825 ± 0.010	0.742 ± 0.029	0.949 ± 0.006	0.948 ± 0.004	0.945 ± 0.006	0.767 ± 0.016	0.962 ± 0.002	0.744 ± 0.023	0.865 ± 0.008	0.865 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.001	0.827 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.863 ± 0.001	0.863 ± 0.001	5	11673	3.1M	59s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.006	0.828 ± 0.008	0.751 ± 0.010	0.948 ± 0.003	0.944 ± 0.004	0.935 ± 0.011	0.774 ± 0.011	0.947 ± 0.005	0.755 ± 0.027	0.865 ± 0.006	0.865 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.034	0.826 ± 0.044	0.748 ± 0.068	0.946 ± 0.016	0.939 ± 0.013	0.945 ± 0.008	0.766 ± 0.062	0.955 ± 0.004	0.755 ± 0.067	0.865 ± 0.032	0.865 ± 0.032	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.002	0.830 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.865 ± 0.002	0.865 ± 0.002	5	11928	3.1M	44s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.853	0.853 ± 0.003	0.827 ± 0.004	0.715 ± 0.020	0.969 ± 0.001	0.956 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.001	0.713 ± 0.006	0.967 ± 0.001	0.748 ± 0.009	0.862 ± 0.002	0.862 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.853	0.853 ± 0.004	0.817 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.858 ± 0.007	0.858 ± 0.007	5	4353	52k	24s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.853	0.853 ± 0.008	0.858 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.857 ± 0.009	0.857 ± 0.009	5	16980	55k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.853	0.853 ± 0.021	0.829 ± 0.028	0.728 ± 0.074	0.963 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.004	0.957 ± 0.006	0.718 ± 0.041	0.964 ± 0.004	0.747 ± 0.038	0.863 ± 0.020	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.017	0.819 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.858 ± 0.016	0.858 ± 0.016	5	4353	55k	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.003	0.825 ± 0.005	0.714 ± 0.022	0.969 ± 0.001	0.957 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.000	0.709 ± 0.008	0.967 ± 0.000	0.747 ± 0.012	0.861 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.020	0.820 ± 0.031	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.859 ± 0.020	0.859 ± 0.020	5	4353	510k	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.851	0.851 ± 0.003	0.824 ± 0.005	0.718 ± 0.037	0.969 ± 0.001	0.957 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.001	0.707 ± 0.005	0.967 ± 0.000	0.738 ± 0.023	0.860 ± 0.003	0.860 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.851	0.851 ± 0.030	0.822 ± 0.040	0.733 ± 0.077	0.948 ± 0.007	0.929 ± 0.031	0.947 ± 0.005	0.778 ± 0.038	0.957 ± 0.006	0.739 ± 0.065	0.862 ± 0.029	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.851	0.851 ± 0.003	0.823 ± 0.002	0.688 ± 0.007	0.969 ± 0.001	0.888 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	0.777 ± 0.004	0.968 ± 0.001	0.737 ± 0.004	0.856 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.006	0.826 ± 0.007	0.749 ± 0.012	0.965 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.001	0.710 ± 0.007	0.967 ± 0.001	0.711 ± 0.022	0.861 ± 0.005	0.861 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.005	0.825 ± 0.007	0.741 ± 0.007	0.965 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.001	0.709 ± 0.010	0.967 ± 0.001	0.713 ± 0.023	0.860 ± 0.005	0.860 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.007	0.852 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.855 ± 0.007	0.855 ± 0.007	5	67212	55k	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.003	0.812 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.860 ± 0.002	0.860 ± 0.002	5	9671	52k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.006	0.826 ± 0.011	0.748 ± 0.009	0.964 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.001	0.709 ± 0.007	0.967 ± 0.001	0.717 ± 0.043	0.862 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.005	0.817 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.860 ± 0.004	0.860 ± 0.004	5	9671	510k	9.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.002	0.822 ± 0.002	0.680 ± 0.005	0.969 ± 0.001	0.886 ± 0.003	0.968 ± 0.001	0.780 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.001	0.740 ± 0.005	0.856 ± 0.001	0.856 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.002	0.819 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.857 ± 0.002	0.857 ± 0.002	5	11673	3.1M	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.017	0.821 ± 0.018	0.738 ± 0.017	0.939 ± 0.013	0.938 ± 0.020	0.934 ± 0.014	0.767 ± 0.028	0.952 ± 0.010	0.746 ± 0.023	0.859 ± 0.016	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.001	0.821 ± 0.001	0.681 ± 0.003	0.969 ± 0.001	0.883 ± 0.002	0.968 ± 0.001	0.777 ± 0.005	0.968 ± 0.001	0.737 ± 0.006	0.855 ± 0.000	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.011	0.819 ± 0.014	0.764 ± 0.039	0.943 ± 0.007	0.929 ± 0.011	0.959 ± 0.003	0.756 ± 0.014	0.943 ± 0.009	0.710 ± 0.021	0.858 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.001	0.820 ± 0.001	0.679 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.001	0.888 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.000	0.774 ± 0.005	0.969 ± 0.001	0.738 ± 0.003	0.855 ± 0.001	0.855 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.003	0.820 ± 0.003	0.680 ± 0.007	0.968 ± 0.001	0.882 ± 0.003	0.968 ± 0.001	0.779 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.738 ± 0.006	0.855 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.001	0.820 ± 0.001	0.679 ± 0.005	0.969 ± 0.000	0.879 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.001	0.780 ± 0.004	0.967 ± 0.001	0.737 ± 0.004	0.854 ± 0.001	0.854 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.014	0.816 ± 0.018	0.734 ± 0.016	0.946 ± 0.007	0.925 ± 0.051	0.947 ± 0.004	0.756 ± 0.032	0.953 ± 0.017	0.733 ± 0.017	0.856 ± 0.018	0.856 ± 0.018	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.003	0.823 ± 0.006	0.748 ± 0.009	0.965 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.001	0.705 ± 0.007	0.967 ± 0.001	0.702 ± 0.017	0.859 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.009	0.852 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.851 ± 0.009	0.851 ± 0.009	5	37620	55k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.846	0.846 ± 0.005	0.819 ± 0.009	0.737 ± 0.013	0.965 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.003	0.705 ± 0.009	0.967 ± 0.000	0.693 ± 0.024	0.857 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.846	0.846 ± 0.024	0.817 ± 0.030	0.745 ± 0.031	0.943 ± 0.013	0.935 ± 0.016	0.944 ± 0.004	0.760 ± 0.040	0.955 ± 0.006	0.727 ± 0.058	0.858 ± 0.023	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.844	0.844 ± 0.004	0.818 ± 0.005	0.738 ± 0.014	0.965 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.001	0.707 ± 0.010	0.967 ± 0.001	0.681 ± 0.018	0.855 ± 0.004	0.855 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.844	0.844 ± 0.016	0.813 ± 0.022	0.715 ± 0.042	0.946 ± 0.009	0.938 ± 0.018	0.946 ± 0.004	0.765 ± 0.015	0.958 ± 0.009	0.726 ± 0.042	0.856 ± 0.016	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.844	0.844 ± 0.015	0.847 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.849 ± 0.016	0.849 ± 0.016	5	67212	55k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.843	0.843 ± 0.011	0.808 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.854 ± 0.011	0.854 ± 0.011	5	9671	510k	4.5m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.841	0.841 ± 0.010	0.808 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.847 ± 0.012	0.847 ± 0.012	5	4445	52k	48s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.841	0.841 ± 0.027	0.849 ± 0.026	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.846 ± 0.030	0.846 ± 0.030	5	149780	55k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.016	0.808 ± 0.017	0.722 ± 0.024	0.947 ± 0.005	0.928 ± 0.031	0.944 ± 0.009	0.743 ± 0.038	0.960 ± 0.010	0.718 ± 0.012	0.852 ± 0.014	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.009	0.810 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.847 ± 0.011	0.847 ± 0.011	5	4445	55k	2.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.839	0.839 ± 0.012	0.801 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.850 ± 0.011	0.850 ± 0.011	5	9671	510k	4.9m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.839	0.839 ± 0.002	0.817 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.832 ± 0.002	0.832 ± 0.002	5	10637	—	11s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.839	0.839 ± 0.004	0.807 ± 0.006	0.679 ± 0.007	0.925 ± 0.003	0.920 ± 0.003	0.956 ± 0.001	0.771 ± 0.011	0.941 ± 0.003	0.710 ± 0.019	0.843 ± 0.004	0.843 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.839	0.839 ± 0.012	0.805 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.845 ± 0.011	0.845 ± 0.011	5	4445	510k	2.1m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.838	0.838 ± 0.005	0.838 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.841 ± 0.005	0.841 ± 0.005	5	67212	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.837	0.837 ± 0.027	0.803 ± 0.032	0.718 ± 0.047	0.939 ± 0.017	0.904 ± 0.061	0.935 ± 0.013	0.749 ± 0.039	0.953 ± 0.012	0.714 ± 0.037	0.844 ± 0.029	0.844 ± 0.029	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.836	0.836 ± 0.008	0.799 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.847 ± 0.009	0.847 ± 0.009	5	9671	52k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.835	0.835 ± 0.022	0.800 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.846 ± 0.022	0.846 ± 0.022	5	9671	510k	3.7m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.835	0.835 ± 0.002	0.796 ± 0.004	0.710 ± 0.004	0.949 ± 0.001	0.919 ± 0.017	0.965 ± 0.002	0.731 ± 0.008	0.959 ± 0.001	0.666 ± 0.004	0.843 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.835	0.835 ± 0.004	0.797 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.845 ± 0.003	0.845 ± 0.003	5	9671	52k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.834	0.834 ± 0.025	0.798 ± 0.033	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.845 ± 0.024	0.845 ± 0.024	5	9671	510k	3.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.833	0.833 ± 0.003	0.794 ± 0.005	0.665 ± 0.007	0.960 ± 0.001	0.931 ± 0.006	0.960 ± 0.002	0.733 ± 0.012	0.963 ± 0.001	0.702 ± 0.009	0.845 ± 0.003	0.845 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.833	0.833 ± 0.005	0.796 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.840 ± 0.003	0.840 ± 0.003	5	4445	3.1M	45s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.832	0.832 ± 0.004	0.793 ± 0.004	0.662 ± 0.009	0.959 ± 0.002	0.938 ± 0.006	0.960 ± 0.002	0.730 ± 0.016	0.964 ± 0.003	0.700 ± 0.005	0.845 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.832	0.832 ± 0.005	0.797 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.842 ± 0.004	0.842 ± 0.004	5	9671	55k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.831	0.831 ± 0.010	0.792 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.840 ± 0.015	0.840 ± 0.015	5	9671	52k	1.1m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.831	0.831 ± 0.010	0.810 ± 0.013	0.699 ± 0.040	0.906 ± 0.013	0.923 ± 0.010	0.955 ± 0.003	0.773 ± 0.018	0.928 ± 0.015	0.707 ± 0.030	0.841 ± 0.009	0.841 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.830	0.830 ± 0.006	0.796 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.841 ± 0.006	0.841 ± 0.006	5	9671	55k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.830	0.830 ± 0.002	0.794 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.840 ± 0.002	0.840 ± 0.002	5	9671	55k	2.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.002	0.796 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.841 ± 0.003	0.841 ± 0.003	5	9671	55k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.015	0.791 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.840 ± 0.015	0.840 ± 0.015	5	9671	52k	1.1m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.005	0.830 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.832 ± 0.005	0.832 ± 0.005	5	67212	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.004	0.791 ± 0.004	0.665 ± 0.010	0.958 ± 0.001	0.944 ± 0.008	0.958 ± 0.001	0.717 ± 0.012	0.962 ± 0.003	0.697 ± 0.007	0.843 ± 0.002	0.843 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.003	0.791 ± 0.004	0.663 ± 0.007	0.953 ± 0.003	0.935 ± 0.005	0.956 ± 0.002	0.724 ± 0.011	0.963 ± 0.002	0.700 ± 0.005	0.842 ± 0.003	0.842 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.003	0.790 ± 0.005	0.661 ± 0.011	0.955 ± 0.002	0.941 ± 0.005	0.956 ± 0.003	0.722 ± 0.010	0.965 ± 0.001	0.695 ± 0.009	0.842 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.828	0.828 ± 0.006	0.801 ± 0.005	0.695 ± 0.026	0.911 ± 0.026	0.907 ± 0.011	0.952 ± 0.003	0.787 ± 0.015	0.926 ± 0.014	0.669 ± 0.013	0.835 ± 0.005	0.835 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.828	0.828 ± 0.006	0.794 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.839 ± 0.006	0.839 ± 0.006	5	9671	55k	1.8m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.828	0.828 ± 0.003	0.805 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.822 ± 0.003	0.822 ± 0.003	5	11673	—	12s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.827	0.827 ± 0.005	0.788 ± 0.007	0.664 ± 0.012	0.957 ± 0.002	0.941 ± 0.005	0.958 ± 0.001	0.713 ± 0.016	0.961 ± 0.002	0.692 ± 0.008	0.841 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.827	0.827 ± 0.006	0.801 ± 0.007	0.687 ± 0.031	0.900 ± 0.016	0.920 ± 0.013	0.956 ± 0.007	0.766 ± 0.013	0.935 ± 0.009	0.681 ± 0.032	0.835 ± 0.006	0.835 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.826	0.826 ± 0.025	0.788 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.837 ± 0.023	0.837 ± 0.023	5	9671	510k	3.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.824	0.824 ± 0.002	0.775 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.832 ± 0.002	0.832 ± 0.002	5	9671	3.1M	2.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.824	0.824 ± 0.004	0.775 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.831 ± 0.004	0.831 ± 0.004	5	9671	3.1M	49s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.824	0.824 ± 0.021	0.832 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.827 ± 0.022	0.827 ± 0.022	5	149780	55k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.823	0.823 ± 0.018	0.781 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.829 ± 0.025	0.829 ± 0.025	5	9671	52k	55s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.823	0.823 ± 0.010	0.782 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.834 ± 0.012	0.834 ± 0.012	5	9671	52k	2.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.823	0.823 ± 0.018	0.788 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.832 ± 0.020	0.832 ± 0.020	5	9671	55k	1.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.823	0.823 ± 0.004	0.775 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.830 ± 0.004	0.830 ± 0.004	5	9671	3.1M	48s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.821	0.821 ± 0.015	0.825 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.827 ± 0.015	0.827 ± 0.015	5	67212	55k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.820	0.820 ± 0.003	0.770 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.827 ± 0.004	0.827 ± 0.004	5	9671	3.1M	49s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.819	0.819 ± 0.002	0.767 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.826 ± 0.003	0.826 ± 0.003	5	9671	3.1M	49s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.819	0.819 ± 0.002	0.767 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.827 ± 0.002	0.827 ± 0.002	5	9671	3.1M	48s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.816	0.816 ± 0.002	0.816 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.821 ± 0.002	0.821 ± 0.002	5	67212	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.811	0.811 ± 0.010	0.811 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.817 ± 0.009	0.817 ± 0.009	5	67212	3.1M	—
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.811	0.811 ± 0.031	0.762 ± 0.040	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.821 ± 0.031	0.821 ± 0.031	5	9671	55k	1.4m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.805	0.805 ± 0.002	0.752 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.818 ± 0.002	0.818 ± 0.002	5	9671	3.1M	35s
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.797	0.797 ± 0.002	0.747 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.785 ± 0.002	0.785 ± 0.002	5	9671	—	11s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.715	0.715 ± 0.041	0.729 ± 0.039	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.730 ± 0.041	0.730 ± 0.041	5	16980	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.714	0.714 ± 0.011	0.728 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.732 ± 0.010	0.732 ± 0.010	5	16980	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.689	0.689 ± 0.016	0.702 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.685 ± 0.016	0.685 ± 0.016	5	149780	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.683	0.683 ± 0.011	0.669 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.688 ± 0.009	0.688 ± 0.009	5	11928	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.679	0.679 ± 0.017	0.691 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.672 ± 0.020	0.672 ± 0.020	5	149780	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.054	0.695 ± 0.050	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.700 ± 0.055	0.700 ± 0.055	5	37620	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.008	0.669 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.682 ± 0.010	0.682 ± 0.010	5	11928	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.673	0.673 ± 0.005	0.663 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.679 ± 0.009	0.679 ± 0.009	5	11928	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.672	0.672 ± 0.004	0.659 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.679 ± 0.013	0.679 ± 0.013	5	11928	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.668	0.668 ± 0.033	0.683 ± 0.031	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.692 ± 0.031	0.692 ± 0.031	5	67212	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.015	0.659 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.676 ± 0.021	0.676 ± 0.021	5	11928	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.665	0.665 ± 0.023	0.634 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.675 ± 0.030	0.675 ± 0.030	5	9671	510k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.663	0.663 ± 0.008	0.678 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.694 ± 0.007	0.694 ± 0.007	5	67212	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.660	0.660 ± 0.009	0.629 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.665 ± 0.014	0.665 ± 0.014	5	9671	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.659	0.659 ± 0.009	0.625 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.668 ± 0.014	0.668 ± 0.014	5	9671	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.005	0.643 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.664 ± 0.005	0.664 ± 0.005	5	11928	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.007	0.622 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.663 ± 0.008	0.663 ± 0.008	5	9671	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.004	0.645 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.664 ± 0.009	0.664 ± 0.009	5	11928	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.657	0.657 ± 0.018	0.674 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.682 ± 0.018	0.682 ± 0.018	5	37620	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.006	0.635 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.650 ± 0.003	0.650 ± 0.003	5	11928	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.018	0.625 ± 0.026	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.662 ± 0.025	0.662 ± 0.025	5	9671	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.653	0.653 ± 0.012	0.617 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.660 ± 0.017	0.660 ± 0.017	5	9671	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.018	0.637 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.664 ± 0.020	0.664 ± 0.020	5	11928	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.010	0.613 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.650 ± 0.015	0.650 ± 0.015	5	9671	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.649	0.649 ± 0.006	0.634 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.659 ± 0.004	0.659 ± 0.004	5	11928	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.648	0.648 ± 0.013	0.607 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.647 ± 0.012	0.647 ± 0.012	5	9671	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.646	0.646 ± 0.011	0.607 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.653 ± 0.019	0.653 ± 0.019	5	9671	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.644	0.644 ± 0.004	0.606 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.649 ± 0.007	0.649 ± 0.007	5	9671	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.642	0.642 ± 0.015	0.629 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.658 ± 0.014	0.658 ± 0.014	5	11928	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.640	0.640 ± 0.009	0.620 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.634 ± 0.014	0.634 ± 0.014	5	11928	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.640	0.640 ± 0.018	0.597 ± 0.026	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.642 ± 0.022	0.642 ± 0.022	5	9671	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.637	0.637 ± 0.034	0.633 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.643 ± 0.032	0.643 ± 0.032	5	11928	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.636	0.636 ± 0.007	0.598 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.635 ± 0.011	0.635 ± 0.011	5	9671	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.634	0.634 ± 0.014	0.628 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.650 ± 0.014	0.650 ± 0.014	5	10637	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.633	0.633 ± 0.013	0.586 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.629 ± 0.021	0.629 ± 0.021	5	9671	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.633	0.633 ± 0.020	0.617 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.626 ± 0.017	0.626 ± 0.017	5	11928	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.630	0.630 ± 0.005	0.618 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.640 ± 0.007	0.640 ± 0.007	5	11928	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.629	0.629 ± 0.012	0.633 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.647 ± 0.011	0.647 ± 0.011	5	11928	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.622	0.622 ± 0.017	0.591 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.623 ± 0.020	0.623 ± 0.020	5	9671	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.621	0.621 ± 0.010	0.613 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.634 ± 0.017	0.634 ± 0.017	5	10637	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.618	0.618 ± 0.004	0.606 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.649 ± 0.010	0.649 ± 0.010	5	10637	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.615	0.615 ± 0.015	0.616 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.631 ± 0.012	0.631 ± 0.012	5	11928	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.615	0.615 ± 0.008	0.599 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.641 ± 0.009	0.641 ± 0.009	5	10637	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.614	0.614 ± 0.002	0.596 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.627 ± 0.010	0.627 ± 0.010	5	10637	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.613	0.613 ± 0.019	0.602 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.640 ± 0.025	0.640 ± 0.025	5	10637	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.612	0.612 ± 0.007	0.598 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.641 ± 0.009	0.641 ± 0.009	5	10637	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.612	0.612 ± 0.006	0.595 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.623 ± 0.010	0.623 ± 0.010	5	10637	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.611	0.611 ± 0.009	0.596 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.635 ± 0.012	0.635 ± 0.012	5	10637	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.607	0.607 ± 0.011	0.595 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.628 ± 0.014	0.628 ± 0.014	5	10637	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.605	0.605 ± 0.011	0.596 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.628 ± 0.015	0.628 ± 0.015	5	10637	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.601	0.601 ± 0.003	0.586 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.622 ± 0.008	0.622 ± 0.008	5	10637	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.600	0.600 ± 0.011	0.586 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.599 ± 0.017	0.599 ± 0.017	5	10637	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.599	0.599 ± 0.017	0.599 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.610 ± 0.010	0.610 ± 0.010	5	11928	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.598	0.598 ± 0.007	0.582 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.618 ± 0.006	0.618 ± 0.006	5	10637	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.595	0.595 ± 0.013	0.580 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.616 ± 0.013	0.616 ± 0.013	5	10637	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.594	0.594 ± 0.013	0.579 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.616 ± 0.009	0.616 ± 0.009	5	10637	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.593	0.593 ± 0.018	0.576 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.613 ± 0.018	0.613 ± 0.018	5	9671	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.592	0.592 ± 0.037	0.565 ± 0.033	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.601 ± 0.038	0.601 ± 0.038	5	9671	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.584	0.584 ± 0.004	0.575 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.581 ± 0.005	0.581 ± 0.005	5	11673	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.582	0.582 ± 0.011	0.562 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.596 ± 0.010	0.596 ± 0.010	5	10637	510k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.576	0.576 ± 0.003	0.570 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.607 ± 0.003	0.607 ± 0.003	5	10637	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.575	0.575 ± 0.009	0.567 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.571 ± 0.012	0.571 ± 0.012	5	11673	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.570	0.570 ± 0.012	0.557 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.573 ± 0.013	0.573 ± 0.013	5	10637	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.570	0.570 ± 0.019	0.556 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.591 ± 0.017	0.591 ± 0.017	5	9671	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.569	0.569 ± 0.020	0.573 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.568 ± 0.021	0.568 ± 0.021	5	149780	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.568	0.568 ± 0.005	0.552 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.592 ± 0.004	0.592 ± 0.004	5	11673	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.567	0.567 ± 0.008	0.551 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.593 ± 0.008	0.593 ± 0.008	5	11673	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.565	0.565 ± 0.008	0.547 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.589 ± 0.010	0.589 ± 0.010	5	11673	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.564	0.564 ± 0.004	0.544 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.557 ± 0.006	0.557 ± 0.006	5	11673	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.563	0.563 ± 0.004	0.544 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.558 ± 0.007	0.558 ± 0.007	5	11673	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.563	0.563 ± 0.002	0.552 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.591 ± 0.002	0.591 ± 0.002	5	10637	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.563	0.563 ± 0.005	0.548 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.587 ± 0.009	0.587 ± 0.009	5	11673	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.562	0.562 ± 0.002	0.552 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.583 ± 0.002	0.583 ± 0.002	5	10637	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.560	0.560 ± 0.010	0.548 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.582 ± 0.018	0.582 ± 0.018	5	11673	510k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.560	0.560 ± 0.013	0.550 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.582 ± 0.013	0.582 ± 0.013	5	10637	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.557	0.557 ± 0.065	0.561 ± 0.067	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.553 ± 0.070	0.553 ± 0.070	5	149780	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.557	0.557 ± 0.005	0.542 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.571 ± 0.008	0.571 ± 0.008	5	11673	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.556	0.556 ± 0.009	0.539 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.543 ± 0.014	0.543 ± 0.014	5	11673	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.551	0.551 ± 0.007	0.534 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.563 ± 0.006	0.563 ± 0.006	5	11673	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.550	0.550 ± 0.003	0.533 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.563 ± 0.009	0.563 ± 0.009	5	11673	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.549	0.549 ± 0.004	0.534 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.563 ± 0.004	0.563 ± 0.004	5	11673	510k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.548	0.548 ± 0.007	0.533 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.562 ± 0.011	0.562 ± 0.011	5	11673	510k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.548	0.548 ± 0.010	0.534 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.563 ± 0.008	0.563 ± 0.008	5	11673	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.545	0.545 ± 0.010	0.530 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.554 ± 0.009	0.554 ± 0.009	5	11673	510k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.545	0.545 ± 0.029	0.528 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.559 ± 0.028	0.559 ± 0.028	5	9671	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.545	0.545 ± 0.011	0.538 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.569 ± 0.009	0.569 ± 0.009	5	9671	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.543	0.543 ± 0.003	0.529 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.542 ± 0.003	0.542 ± 0.003	5	11673	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.542	0.542 ± 0.011	0.523 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.530 ± 0.010	0.530 ± 0.010	5	11673	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.537	0.537 ± 0.003	0.527 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.540 ± 0.003	0.540 ± 0.003	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.536	0.536 ± 0.003	0.530 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.542 ± 0.002	0.542 ± 0.002	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.535	0.535 ± 0.008	0.530 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.540 ± 0.010	0.540 ± 0.010	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.525	0.525 ± 0.003	0.529 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.553 ± 0.003	0.553 ± 0.003	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.515	0.515 ± 0.004	0.518 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.543 ± 0.004	0.543 ± 0.004	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.505	0.505 ± 0.006	0.500 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.533 ± 0.006	0.533 ± 0.006	5	9671	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.489	0.489 ± 0.020	0.440 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.450 ± 0.017	0.450 ± 0.017	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.488	0.488 ± 0.010	0.447 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.458 ± 0.007	0.458 ± 0.007	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.472	0.472 ± 0.003	0.462 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.501 ± 0.004	0.501 ± 0.004	5	9671	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.466	0.466 ± 0.026	0.429 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.465 ± 0.030	0.465 ± 0.030	5	10637	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.463	0.463 ± 0.005	0.429 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.456 ± 0.005	0.456 ± 0.005	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.462	0.462 ± 0.011	0.426 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.468 ± 0.012	0.468 ± 0.012	5	10637	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.455	0.455 ± 0.020	0.420 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.443 ± 0.024	0.443 ± 0.024	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.454	0.454 ± 0.015	0.444 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.484 ± 0.014	0.484 ± 0.014	5	9671	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.447	0.447 ± 0.049	0.418 ± 0.062	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.425 ± 0.063	0.425 ± 0.063	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.441	0.441 ± 0.010	0.412 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.418 ± 0.008	0.418 ± 0.008	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.393	0.393 ± 0.007	0.348 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.383 ± 0.007	0.383 ± 0.007	5	9671	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.383	0.383 ± 0.018	0.341 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.362 ± 0.020	0.362 ± 0.020	5	9671	3.1M	—
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.143 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.036 ± 0.000	0.036 ± 0.000	5	67212	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.222 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.052 ± 0.000	0.052 ± 0.000	5	9671	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.138 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.035 ± 0.000	0.035 ± 0.000	5	16980	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.172 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.042 ± 0.000	0.042 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.139 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.035 ± 0.000	0.035 ± 0.000	5	149780	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.190 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.046 ± 0.000	0.046 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.138 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.035 ± 0.000	0.035 ± 0.000	5	37620	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.193 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.046 ± 0.000	0.046 ± 0.000	5	10637	—	0s

fault_phase_local

fault_phase_local — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	f1_A	f1_AB	f1_ABC	f1_AC	f1_B	f1_BC	f1_C	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.009	0.990 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.990 ± 0.009	0.990 ± 0.009	5	16980	506k	6.8m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.990	0.990 ± 0.009	0.990 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.990 ± 0.008	0.990 ± 0.008	5	149780	506k	6.2m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.989	0.989 ± 0.008	0.989 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.988 ± 0.008	0.988 ± 0.008	5	37620	506k	6.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.988	0.988 ± 0.003	0.988 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.988 ± 0.003	0.988 ± 0.003	5	16980	506k	6.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.987	0.987 ± 0.001	0.987 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.987 ± 0.001	0.987 ± 0.001	5	16980	506k	6.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.002	0.986 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.985 ± 0.002	0.985 ± 0.002	5	16980	506k	6.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.985	0.985 ± 0.003	0.985 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.985 ± 0.003	0.985 ± 0.003	5	16980	506k	6.9m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.984	0.984 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.984 ± 0.002	0.984 ± 0.002	5	16980	49k	1.9m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.003	0.984 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.983 ± 0.003	0.983 ± 0.003	5	149780	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.983	0.983 ± 0.001	0.984 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.983 ± 0.001	0.983 ± 0.001	5	16980	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.002	0.982 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.981 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.002	5	16980	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.001	0.982 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.981 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.002	5	16980	49k	1.6m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.981	0.981 ± 0.006	0.981 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.981 ± 0.006	0.981 ± 0.006	5	37620	49k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.002	0.981 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.980 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	5	16980	49k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.004	0.981 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.980 ± 0.004	0.980 ± 0.004	5	16980	506k	6.3m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.980 ± 0.000	0.980 ± 0.000	5	149780	1.6M	34s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.980	0.980 ± 0.004	0.978 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.004	0.979 ± 0.004	5	37620	506k	6.1m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.001	0.979 ± 0.001	5	16980	1.6M	56s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.003	0.980 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	5	16980	49k	2.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.008	0.980 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.008	0.979 ± 0.008	5	16980	506k	9.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.002	0.980 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.979 ± 0.002	0.979 ± 0.002	5	16980	49k	1.6m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.979	0.979 ± 0.000	0.977 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	37620	1.6M	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	16980	1.6M	38s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.002	0.978 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.978 ± 0.002	0.978 ± 0.002	5	16980	1.6M	36s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.006	0.976 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.977 ± 0.006	0.977 ± 0.006	5	37620	506k	5.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	16980	1.6M	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	5	16980	1.6M	36s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.001	0.978 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	5	16980	1.6M	1.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.978	0.978 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.977 ± 0.001	0.977 ± 0.001	5	16980	1.6M	38s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.977	0.977 ± 0.007	0.975 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.976 ± 0.007	0.976 ± 0.007	5	37620	506k	5.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.977	0.977 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.976 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.002	5	37620	49k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.977	0.977 ± 0.003	0.976 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.976 ± 0.003	0.976 ± 0.003	5	37620	49k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.977	0.977 ± 0.006	0.975 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.976 ± 0.005	0.976 ± 0.005	5	37620	506k	5.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.003	0.976 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.976 ± 0.003	0.976 ± 0.003	5	67212	506k	5.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.976 ± 0.002	0.976 ± 0.002	5	67212	506k	5.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.006	0.977 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.976 ± 0.006	0.976 ± 0.006	5	16980	53k	2.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.975 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.002	5	67212	506k	5.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	5	37620	49k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.006	0.974 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.975 ± 0.007	0.975 ± 0.007	5	37620	506k	7.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.976	0.976 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.975 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.002	5	67212	506k	5.9m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.975 ± 0.001	0.975 ± 0.001	5	37620	1.6M	34s
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.975 ± 0.002	0.975 ± 0.002	5	16980	53k	2.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.974 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	5	37620	1.6M	3.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.974 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.003	5	37620	49k	2.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.000	0.974 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.974 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	5	37620	1.6M	34s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.974 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	5	37620	1.6M	34s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.974 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	5	37620	1.6M	34s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.974 ± 0.002	0.974 ± 0.002	5	37620	49k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.001	0.973 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.974 ± 0.001	0.974 ± 0.001	5	37620	1.6M	33s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.975	0.975 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.974 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.003	5	37620	49k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.974	0.974 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.974 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.003	5	67212	506k	9.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.973	0.973 ± 0.003	0.974 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.973 ± 0.003	0.973 ± 0.003	5	16980	53k	2.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.973	0.973 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.972 ± 0.001	0.972 ± 0.001	5	67212	506k	5.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.973	0.973 ± 0.004	0.973 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.973 ± 0.004	0.973 ± 0.004	5	16980	53k	2.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.972	0.972 ± 0.003	0.973 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.972 ± 0.004	0.972 ± 0.004	5	16980	53k	4.0m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.972	0.972 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.972 ± 0.003	0.972 ± 0.003	5	67212	49k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.971	0.971 ± 0.005	0.970 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.970 ± 0.005	0.970 ± 0.005	5	37620	506k	3.0m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.008	0.970 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.970 ± 0.008	0.970 ± 0.008	5	67212	506k	4.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.005	0.971 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.970 ± 0.005	0.970 ± 0.005	5	16980	53k	2.2m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.010	0.969 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.969 ± 0.010	0.969 ± 0.010	5	37620	53k	2.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.970	0.970 ± 0.004	0.971 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.969 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.004	5	16980	53k	2.1m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.969	0.969 ± 0.004	0.970 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.969 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.004	5	149780	53k	2.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.966	0.966 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.965 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.003	5	37620	53k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.964 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.004	5	37620	53k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.964 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.004	5	37620	53k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.964 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.003	5	37620	53k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.965	0.965 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.964 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.003	5	67212	49k	1.3m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.963 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.001	5	67212	1.6M	29s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.963	0.963 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.962 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.003	5	67212	49k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.008	0.961 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.961 ± 0.009	0.961 ± 0.009	5	37620	53k	2.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.004	0.960 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.961 ± 0.004	0.961 ± 0.004	5	67212	49k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.962	0.962 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.961 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.002	5	67212	49k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.961	0.961 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.959 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.002	5	67212	49k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.960	0.960 ± 0.011	0.958 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.959 ± 0.012	0.959 ± 0.012	5	37620	53k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.958	0.958 ± 0.004	0.955 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.956 ± 0.004	0.956 ± 0.004	5	67212	49k	3.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.956	0.956 ± 0.001	0.954 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.955 ± 0.001	0.955 ± 0.001	5	67212	1.6M	30s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.001	0.954 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.954 ± 0.001	0.954 ± 0.001	5	67212	1.6M	32s
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.955	0.955 ± 0.001	0.957 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.955 ± 0.001	0.955 ± 0.001	5	149780	—	13s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.953 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	5	67212	1.6M	30s
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.003	0.954 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.953 ± 0.004	0.953 ± 0.004	5	67212	53k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.953 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	5	67212	1.6M	32s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.953 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	5	67212	1.6M	2.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.954	0.954 ± 0.002	0.952 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.952 ± 0.003	0.952 ± 0.003	5	67212	1.6M	32s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.952	0.952 ± 0.002	0.954 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.952 ± 0.002	0.952 ± 0.002	5	149780	506k	7.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.951	0.951 ± 0.004	0.953 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.951 ± 0.005	0.951 ± 0.005	5	149780	506k	10.7m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.949	0.949 ± 0.001	0.947 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.948 ± 0.001	0.948 ± 0.001	5	37620	—	9s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.003	0.948 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.947 ± 0.003	0.947 ± 0.003	5	149780	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.948	0.948 ± 0.003	0.948 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.947 ± 0.004	0.947 ± 0.004	5	149780	49k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.017	0.948 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.947 ± 0.017	0.947 ± 0.017	5	149780	506k	6.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.003	0.948 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.946 ± 0.003	0.946 ± 0.003	5	149780	49k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.947	0.947 ± 0.004	0.944 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.946 ± 0.004	0.946 ± 0.004	5	67212	53k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.946	0.946 ± 0.004	0.944 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.945 ± 0.004	0.945 ± 0.004	5	67212	53k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.945	0.945 ± 0.013	0.946 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.945 ± 0.013	0.945 ± 0.013	5	149780	506k	5.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.001	0.945 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.944 ± 0.001	0.944 ± 0.001	5	149780	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.002	0.945 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.943 ± 0.002	0.943 ± 0.002	5	149780	49k	4.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.003	0.945 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.943 ± 0.003	0.943 ± 0.003	5	149780	49k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.944	0.944 ± 0.016	0.945 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.943 ± 0.017	0.943 ± 0.017	5	149780	506k	5.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.943	0.943 ± 0.003	0.941 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.942 ± 0.003	0.942 ± 0.003	5	67212	53k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.942	0.942 ± 0.011	0.939 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.941 ± 0.011	0.941 ± 0.011	5	67212	53k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.941	0.941 ± 0.005	0.939 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.939 ± 0.006	0.939 ± 0.006	5	67212	53k	2.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.939	0.939 ± 0.004	0.937 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.938 ± 0.004	0.938 ± 0.004	5	67212	53k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.937	0.937 ± 0.003	0.937 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.936 ± 0.003	0.936 ± 0.003	5	149780	1.6M	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.937	0.937 ± 0.002	0.937 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.935 ± 0.002	0.935 ± 0.002	5	149780	1.6M	38s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.002	0.937 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.936 ± 0.003	0.936 ± 0.003	5	149780	1.6M	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.002	0.936 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.935 ± 0.002	0.935 ± 0.002	5	149780	1.6M	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.936	0.936 ± 0.003	0.936 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.935 ± 0.003	0.935 ± 0.003	5	149780	1.6M	38s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.935	0.935 ± 0.001	0.934 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.933 ± 0.001	0.933 ± 0.001	5	149780	1.6M	38s
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.935	0.935 ± 0.000	0.936 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.935 ± 0.000	0.935 ± 0.000	5	67212	—	7s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.933	0.933 ± 0.001	0.934 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.932 ± 0.001	0.932 ± 0.001	5	149780	53k	2.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.930	0.930 ± 0.005	0.932 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.930 ± 0.005	0.930 ± 0.005	5	149780	53k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.018	0.928 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.927 ± 0.020	0.927 ± 0.020	5	149780	506k	3.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.928	0.928 ± 0.008	0.930 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.928 ± 0.008	0.928 ± 0.008	5	149780	53k	2.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.927	0.927 ± 0.005	0.928 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.926 ± 0.005	0.926 ± 0.005	5	149780	53k	2.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.923	0.923 ± 0.008	0.924 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.923 ± 0.008	0.923 ± 0.008	5	149780	53k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.922	0.922 ± 0.005	0.923 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.922 ± 0.005	0.922 ± 0.005	5	149780	53k	5.3m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.919	0.919 ± 0.002	0.918 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.919 ± 0.002	0.919 ± 0.002	5	16980	—	10s
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.914	0.914 ± 0.002	0.912 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.913 ± 0.001	0.913 ± 0.001	5	11928	—	13s
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.904	0.904 ± 0.029	0.894 ± 0.036	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.913 ± 0.026	0.913 ± 0.026	5	11928	506k	6.2m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.901	0.901 ± 0.029	0.890 ± 0.038	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.906 ± 0.028	0.906 ± 0.028	5	6758	506k	3.7m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.898	0.898 ± 0.026	0.887 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.907 ± 0.024	0.907 ± 0.024	5	10637	506k	6.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.898	0.898 ± 0.005	0.889 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.904 ± 0.005	0.904 ± 0.005	5	11928	506k	7.3m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.897	0.897 ± 0.002	0.884 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.901 ± 0.002	0.901 ± 0.002	5	6758	49k	59s
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.897	0.897 ± 0.001	0.884 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.905 ± 0.001	0.905 ± 0.001	5	11928	49k	1.6m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.897	0.897 ± 0.029	0.886 ± 0.036	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.907 ± 0.027	0.907 ± 0.027	5	11673	506k	6.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.896	0.896 ± 0.004	0.887 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.902 ± 0.004	0.902 ± 0.004	5	11928	506k	10.7m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.896	0.896 ± 0.027	0.888 ± 0.034	0.839 ± 0.059	0.949 ± 0.006	0.906 ± 0.013	0.951 ± 0.007	0.828 ± 0.083	0.950 ± 0.007	0.876 ± 0.046	0.900 ± 0.027	0.900 ± 0.027	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.891	0.891 ± 0.035	0.884 ± 0.043	0.836 ± 0.068	0.936 ± 0.006	0.895 ± 0.018	0.931 ± 0.013	0.842 ± 0.087	0.944 ± 0.005	0.878 ± 0.071	0.895 ± 0.034	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.887	0.887 ± 0.027	0.881 ± 0.033	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.893 ± 0.028	0.893 ± 0.028	5	7154	506k	3.4m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.886	0.886 ± 0.006	0.875 ± 0.007	0.808 ± 0.015	0.952 ± 0.007	0.894 ± 0.012	0.945 ± 0.005	0.827 ± 0.020	0.954 ± 0.004	0.849 ± 0.006	0.890 ± 0.007	0.890 ± 0.007	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.885	0.885 ± 0.031	0.873 ± 0.039	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.891 ± 0.033	0.891 ± 0.033	5	11928	506k	6.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.884	0.884 ± 0.001	0.872 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.891 ± 0.001	0.891 ± 0.001	5	11928	49k	1.6m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.883	0.883 ± 0.023	0.866 ± 0.029	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.892 ± 0.020	0.892 ± 0.020	5	10637	49k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.003	0.869 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.888 ± 0.004	0.888 ± 0.004	5	11928	49k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.002	0.859 ± 0.004	0.801 ± 0.008	0.960 ± 0.003	0.941 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.002	0.815 ± 0.006	0.967 ± 0.001	0.785 ± 0.006	0.890 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.882	0.882 ± 0.014	0.865 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.889 ± 0.014	0.889 ± 0.014	5	10637	506k	6.1m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.003	0.865 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.890 ± 0.003	0.890 ± 0.003	5	11673	49k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.007	0.868 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.888 ± 0.008	0.888 ± 0.008	5	11928	49k	1.6m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.019	0.874 ± 0.022	0.828 ± 0.041	0.941 ± 0.005	0.885 ± 0.012	0.919 ± 0.009	0.822 ± 0.046	0.940 ± 0.005	0.863 ± 0.023	0.886 ± 0.018	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.001	0.858 ± 0.002	0.799 ± 0.011	0.960 ± 0.004	0.941 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.003	0.811 ± 0.003	0.966 ± 0.003	0.786 ± 0.007	0.890 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.004	0.858 ± 0.005	0.799 ± 0.004	0.960 ± 0.002	0.943 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.004	0.814 ± 0.009	0.966 ± 0.004	0.783 ± 0.009	0.890 ± 0.004	0.890 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.002	0.858 ± 0.003	0.800 ± 0.013	0.960 ± 0.002	0.941 ± 0.003	0.963 ± 0.003	0.815 ± 0.007	0.965 ± 0.002	0.783 ± 0.003	0.890 ± 0.002	0.890 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.881	0.881 ± 0.002	0.863 ± 0.002	0.782 ± 0.016	0.968 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.000	0.968 ± 0.001	0.779 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.001	0.796 ± 0.008	0.889 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.003	0.857 ± 0.005	0.799 ± 0.018	0.958 ± 0.003	0.938 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.003	0.814 ± 0.006	0.965 ± 0.002	0.784 ± 0.008	0.889 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.880	0.880 ± 0.005	0.862 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.888 ± 0.005	0.888 ± 0.005	5	11673	506k	6.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.016	0.863 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.887 ± 0.015	0.887 ± 0.015	5	10637	506k	5.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.005	0.865 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.886 ± 0.006	0.886 ± 0.006	5	11928	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.004	0.865 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.885 ± 0.005	0.885 ± 0.005	5	11928	49k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.003	0.860 ± 0.004	0.777 ± 0.021	0.968 ± 0.000	0.964 ± 0.000	0.968 ± 0.001	0.777 ± 0.011	0.969 ± 0.001	0.787 ± 0.009	0.887 ± 0.003	0.887 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.879	0.879 ± 0.035	0.865 ± 0.044	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.884 ± 0.036	0.884 ± 0.036	5	11928	506k	5.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.002	0.861 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.887 ± 0.002	0.887 ± 0.002	5	11673	506k	6.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.004	0.855 ± 0.004	0.794 ± 0.014	0.957 ± 0.003	0.938 ± 0.004	0.960 ± 0.004	0.817 ± 0.004	0.963 ± 0.004	0.780 ± 0.006	0.887 ± 0.003	0.887 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.003	0.864 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.884 ± 0.003	0.884 ± 0.003	5	11928	49k	4.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.878	0.878 ± 0.037	0.864 ± 0.045	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.883 ± 0.038	0.883 ± 0.038	5	11928	506k	5.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.002	0.859 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.884 ± 0.002	0.884 ± 0.002	5	10637	49k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.003	0.859 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.886 ± 0.004	0.886 ± 0.004	5	11673	506k	6.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.004	0.858 ± 0.005	0.773 ± 0.017	0.969 ± 0.000	0.964 ± 0.000	0.968 ± 0.001	0.774 ± 0.009	0.969 ± 0.001	0.784 ± 0.006	0.886 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.877	0.877 ± 0.022	0.860 ± 0.027	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.885 ± 0.021	0.885 ± 0.021	5	10637	506k	5.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.007	0.864 ± 0.008	0.767 ± 0.012	0.960 ± 0.002	0.957 ± 0.006	0.951 ± 0.005	0.803 ± 0.023	0.953 ± 0.005	0.812 ± 0.013	0.886 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.003	0.858 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.885 ± 0.003	0.885 ± 0.003	5	11673	506k	6.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.004	0.863 ± 0.004	0.765 ± 0.007	0.960 ± 0.004	0.956 ± 0.008	0.953 ± 0.005	0.808 ± 0.022	0.954 ± 0.002	0.803 ± 0.008	0.886 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.003	0.859 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.884 ± 0.003	0.884 ± 0.003	5	10637	49k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.876	0.876 ± 0.004	0.857 ± 0.005	0.774 ± 0.023	0.968 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.002	0.767 ± 0.012	0.969 ± 0.001	0.786 ± 0.006	0.885 ± 0.004	0.885 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.875	0.875 ± 0.018	0.857 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.882 ± 0.018	0.882 ± 0.018	5	10637	506k	7.2m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.006	0.852 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.875 ± 0.007	0.875 ± 0.007	5	6758	53k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.873	0.873 ± 0.007	0.854 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.880 ± 0.007	0.880 ± 0.007	5	10637	49k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.872	0.872 ± 0.002	0.853 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.882 ± 0.002	0.882 ± 0.002	5	11673	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.872	0.872 ± 0.001	0.852 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.881 ± 0.001	0.881 ± 0.001	5	11673	49k	1.6m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.872	0.872 ± 0.016	0.860 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.877 ± 0.016	0.877 ± 0.016	5	7154	49k	53s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.872	0.872 ± 0.006	0.853 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.879 ± 0.005	0.879 ± 0.005	5	10637	49k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.002	0.852 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.881 ± 0.002	0.881 ± 0.002	5	11673	49k	2.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.003	0.851 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.880 ± 0.002	0.880 ± 0.002	5	11673	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.871	0.871 ± 0.003	0.850 ± 0.005	0.754 ± 0.020	0.968 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.001	0.756 ± 0.010	0.969 ± 0.001	0.778 ± 0.009	0.879 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.003	0.851 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.880 ± 0.002	0.880 ± 0.002	5	11673	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.004	0.849 ± 0.004	0.751 ± 0.017	0.968 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.002	0.751 ± 0.011	0.968 ± 0.002	0.787 ± 0.010	0.879 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.003	0.848 ± 0.004	0.749 ± 0.017	0.968 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.001	0.749 ± 0.013	0.967 ± 0.002	0.785 ± 0.014	0.878 ± 0.003	0.878 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.027	0.851 ± 0.033	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.877 ± 0.026	0.877 ± 0.026	5	10637	506k	5.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.003	0.849 ± 0.004	0.745 ± 0.019	0.968 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.002	0.753 ± 0.007	0.968 ± 0.001	0.787 ± 0.015	0.879 ± 0.003	0.879 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.001	0.849 ± 0.002	0.748 ± 0.012	0.968 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.000	0.966 ± 0.001	0.754 ± 0.009	0.969 ± 0.001	0.783 ± 0.009	0.879 ± 0.001	0.879 ± 0.001	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.870	0.870 ± 0.002	0.849 ± 0.003	0.754 ± 0.019	0.967 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.000	0.967 ± 0.000	0.747 ± 0.008	0.968 ± 0.001	0.785 ± 0.014	0.879 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.011	0.848 ± 0.015	0.739 ± 0.038	0.967 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.002	0.768 ± 0.028	0.968 ± 0.001	0.780 ± 0.015	0.879 ± 0.010	0.879 ± 0.010	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.002	0.849 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.879 ± 0.002	0.879 ± 0.002	5	11673	49k	1.6m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.028	0.858 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.869 ± 0.029	0.869 ± 0.029	5	6630	506k	3.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.869	0.869 ± 0.032	0.853 ± 0.041	0.764 ± 0.051	0.959 ± 0.007	0.910 ± 0.138	0.955 ± 0.003	0.801 ± 0.012	0.954 ± 0.003	0.800 ± 0.042	0.877 ± 0.035	0.877 ± 0.035	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.015	0.849 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.877 ± 0.015	0.877 ± 0.015	5	10637	49k	2.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.013	0.847 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.877 ± 0.012	0.877 ± 0.012	5	11673	506k	6.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.868	0.868 ± 0.002	0.840 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.876 ± 0.002	0.876 ± 0.002	5	9671	506k	5.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.001	0.839 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.875 ± 0.002	0.875 ± 0.002	5	9671	506k	5.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.867	0.867 ± 0.004	0.838 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.875 ± 0.003	0.875 ± 0.003	5	9671	506k	5.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.014	0.843 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.875 ± 0.014	0.875 ± 0.014	5	11673	506k	9.3m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.013	0.847 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.875 ± 0.012	0.875 ± 0.012	5	10637	49k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.866	0.866 ± 0.017	0.843 ± 0.024	0.739 ± 0.052	0.968 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.002	0.967 ± 0.001	0.758 ± 0.025	0.968 ± 0.002	0.760 ± 0.043	0.875 ± 0.017	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.016	0.847 ± 0.020	0.774 ± 0.063	0.962 ± 0.004	0.917 ± 0.006	0.959 ± 0.005	0.770 ± 0.028	0.965 ± 0.003	0.773 ± 0.018	0.875 ± 0.014	0.875 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.007	0.846 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.874 ± 0.008	0.874 ± 0.008	5	11928	53k	2.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.004	0.846 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.875 ± 0.004	0.875 ± 0.004	5	11673	53k	2.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.003	0.836 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.873 ± 0.003	0.873 ± 0.003	5	9671	506k	5.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.013	0.846 ± 0.017	0.784 ± 0.021	0.962 ± 0.002	0.918 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.001	0.768 ± 0.037	0.966 ± 0.002	0.757 ± 0.032	0.874 ± 0.012	0.874 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.003	0.845 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.875 ± 0.003	0.875 ± 0.003	5	11673	53k	2.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.012	0.844 ± 0.016	0.762 ± 0.038	0.963 ± 0.003	0.918 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.002	0.768 ± 0.033	0.963 ± 0.004	0.765 ± 0.016	0.872 ± 0.012	0.872 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.003	0.836 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.873 ± 0.004	0.873 ± 0.004	5	9671	506k	9.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.002	0.845 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.875 ± 0.002	0.875 ± 0.002	5	11673	53k	2.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.003	0.844 ± 0.004	0.773 ± 0.013	0.963 ± 0.002	0.918 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.002	0.764 ± 0.006	0.967 ± 0.002	0.759 ± 0.014	0.872 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.864	0.864 ± 0.007	0.846 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.871 ± 0.006	0.871 ± 0.006	5	11928	53k	2.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.003	0.843 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.873 ± 0.003	0.873 ± 0.003	5	11673	53k	4.0m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.002	0.847 ± 0.003	0.783 ± 0.014	0.945 ± 0.006	0.860 ± 0.002	0.941 ± 0.006	0.763 ± 0.020	0.947 ± 0.005	0.816 ± 0.012	0.865 ± 0.003	0.865 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.002	0.847 ± 0.003	0.741 ± 0.005	0.957 ± 0.005	0.944 ± 0.013	0.955 ± 0.003	0.783 ± 0.010	0.952 ± 0.005	0.782 ± 0.012	0.874 ± 0.003	0.874 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.002	0.846 ± 0.003	0.735 ± 0.011	0.961 ± 0.002	0.948 ± 0.006	0.955 ± 0.004	0.783 ± 0.008	0.953 ± 0.004	0.780 ± 0.014	0.874 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.863	0.863 ± 0.003	0.834 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.871 ± 0.003	0.871 ± 0.003	5	9671	506k	5.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.005	0.842 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.870 ± 0.005	0.870 ± 0.005	5	10637	53k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.002	0.836 ± 0.002	0.774 ± 0.008	0.951 ± 0.002	0.925 ± 0.002	0.958 ± 0.003	0.776 ± 0.003	0.964 ± 0.002	0.758 ± 0.007	0.872 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.003	0.841 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.872 ± 0.004	0.872 ± 0.004	5	11673	53k	2.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.004	0.841 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.869 ± 0.004	0.869 ± 0.004	5	10637	53k	1.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.862	0.862 ± 0.002	0.841 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.872 ± 0.003	0.872 ± 0.003	5	11673	53k	2.2m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.005	0.841 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.858 ± 0.009	0.858 ± 0.009	5	6853	49k	36s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.003	0.842 ± 0.003	0.762 ± 0.008	0.961 ± 0.002	0.868 ± 0.002	0.945 ± 0.001	0.741 ± 0.013	0.956 ± 0.002	0.812 ± 0.004	0.863 ± 0.002	0.863 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.019	0.848 ± 0.027	0.843 ± 0.048	0.940 ± 0.016	0.867 ± 0.024	0.916 ± 0.008	0.796 ± 0.033	0.908 ± 0.013	0.786 ± 0.036	0.865 ± 0.023	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.005	0.839 ± 0.007	0.753 ± 0.020	0.967 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.003	0.743 ± 0.017	0.963 ± 0.001	0.748 ± 0.011	0.871 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.004	0.840 ± 0.005	0.755 ± 0.020	0.963 ± 0.003	0.960 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.004	0.748 ± 0.006	0.964 ± 0.001	0.744 ± 0.016	0.871 ± 0.004	0.871 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.003	0.844 ± 0.003	0.732 ± 0.010	0.958 ± 0.003	0.931 ± 0.028	0.957 ± 0.003	0.786 ± 0.015	0.957 ± 0.004	0.777 ± 0.014	0.871 ± 0.004	0.871 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.012	0.846 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.861 ± 0.011	0.861 ± 0.011	5	6630	49k	55s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.004	0.839 ± 0.006	0.743 ± 0.024	0.966 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.004	0.735 ± 0.011	0.964 ± 0.001	0.764 ± 0.008	0.871 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.011	0.840 ± 0.015	0.762 ± 0.028	0.964 ± 0.002	0.918 ± 0.002	0.963 ± 0.003	0.753 ± 0.021	0.965 ± 0.004	0.758 ± 0.041	0.869 ± 0.012	0.869 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.013	0.840 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.868 ± 0.012	0.868 ± 0.012	5	10637	53k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.861	0.861 ± 0.004	0.839 ± 0.005	0.762 ± 0.017	0.964 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.003	0.736 ± 0.014	0.964 ± 0.002	0.744 ± 0.028	0.871 ± 0.003	0.871 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.004	0.838 ± 0.005	0.753 ± 0.012	0.964 ± 0.001	0.961 ± 0.000	0.965 ± 0.003	0.737 ± 0.010	0.964 ± 0.002	0.747 ± 0.019	0.870 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.013	0.842 ± 0.015	0.764 ± 0.042	0.960 ± 0.005	0.916 ± 0.004	0.959 ± 0.002	0.751 ± 0.022	0.964 ± 0.004	0.778 ± 0.024	0.870 ± 0.012	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.002	0.843 ± 0.003	0.723 ± 0.007	0.959 ± 0.005	0.935 ± 0.022	0.954 ± 0.002	0.789 ± 0.007	0.958 ± 0.005	0.776 ± 0.010	0.870 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.004	0.841 ± 0.005	0.780 ± 0.006	0.961 ± 0.003	0.917 ± 0.001	0.959 ± 0.001	0.752 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.003	0.756 ± 0.027	0.870 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.003	0.832 ± 0.005	0.766 ± 0.022	0.953 ± 0.005	0.924 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.003	0.770 ± 0.010	0.966 ± 0.001	0.756 ± 0.019	0.871 ± 0.004	0.871 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.003	0.838 ± 0.003	0.749 ± 0.010	0.965 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.002	0.735 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.001	0.750 ± 0.017	0.870 ± 0.003	0.870 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.002	0.831 ± 0.002	0.762 ± 0.014	0.957 ± 0.004	0.925 ± 0.002	0.961 ± 0.002	0.764 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.001	0.759 ± 0.004	0.870 ± 0.002	0.870 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.020	0.840 ± 0.024	0.756 ± 0.073	0.961 ± 0.005	0.917 ± 0.007	0.958 ± 0.006	0.758 ± 0.044	0.965 ± 0.003	0.769 ± 0.009	0.869 ± 0.018	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.004	0.842 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.867 ± 0.003	0.867 ± 0.003	5	11928	53k	5.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.010	0.841 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.867 ± 0.009	0.867 ± 0.009	5	11928	53k	2.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.860	0.860 ± 0.004	0.832 ± 0.006	0.772 ± 0.017	0.954 ± 0.005	0.924 ± 0.003	0.958 ± 0.002	0.768 ± 0.011	0.963 ± 0.003	0.749 ± 0.006	0.870 ± 0.004	0.870 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.002	0.834 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.851 ± 0.002	0.851 ± 0.002	5	6853	1.6M	22s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.005	0.839 ± 0.007	0.775 ± 0.017	0.962 ± 0.001	0.918 ± 0.002	0.959 ± 0.001	0.755 ± 0.013	0.966 ± 0.001	0.743 ± 0.030	0.868 ± 0.006	0.868 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.005	0.837 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.867 ± 0.005	0.867 ± 0.005	5	10637	53k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.004	0.842 ± 0.004	0.735 ± 0.014	0.958 ± 0.002	0.930 ± 0.038	0.955 ± 0.003	0.781 ± 0.008	0.954 ± 0.006	0.771 ± 0.016	0.869 ± 0.005	0.869 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.003	0.831 ± 0.005	0.760 ± 0.012	0.956 ± 0.005	0.925 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.002	0.769 ± 0.005	0.967 ± 0.001	0.751 ± 0.013	0.870 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.004	0.846 ± 0.005	0.771 ± 0.016	0.949 ± 0.005	0.866 ± 0.005	0.903 ± 0.004	0.774 ± 0.017	0.942 ± 0.005	0.834 ± 0.013	0.863 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.004	0.830 ± 0.005	0.759 ± 0.007	0.959 ± 0.004	0.924 ± 0.004	0.960 ± 0.001	0.766 ± 0.008	0.966 ± 0.001	0.752 ± 0.011	0.869 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.001	0.841 ± 0.001	0.764 ± 0.010	0.960 ± 0.002	0.906 ± 0.003	0.956 ± 0.002	0.760 ± 0.008	0.961 ± 0.004	0.770 ± 0.020	0.868 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.859	0.859 ± 0.004	0.833 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.868 ± 0.004	0.868 ± 0.004	5	11673	1.6M	36s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.004	0.832 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.867 ± 0.004	0.867 ± 0.004	5	11673	1.6M	38s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.006	0.839 ± 0.008	0.760 ± 0.017	0.960 ± 0.003	0.906 ± 0.003	0.956 ± 0.006	0.757 ± 0.012	0.963 ± 0.002	0.766 ± 0.021	0.867 ± 0.006	0.867 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.858	0.858 ± 0.037	0.840 ± 0.046	0.740 ± 0.053	0.960 ± 0.006	0.878 ± 0.140	0.951 ± 0.009	0.792 ± 0.034	0.950 ± 0.006	0.794 ± 0.040	0.866 ± 0.039	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.011	0.839 ± 0.012	0.751 ± 0.044	0.959 ± 0.003	0.915 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.001	0.745 ± 0.027	0.963 ± 0.003	0.785 ± 0.019	0.868 ± 0.008	0.868 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.018	0.835 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.865 ± 0.017	0.865 ± 0.017	5	10637	53k	2.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.011	0.838 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.864 ± 0.011	0.864 ± 0.011	5	11928	53k	2.0m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.011	0.837 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.855 ± 0.010	0.855 ± 0.010	5	6853	506k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.002	0.831 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.866 ± 0.002	0.866 ± 0.002	5	11673	1.6M	1.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.857	0.857 ± 0.020	0.836 ± 0.026	0.757 ± 0.054	0.960 ± 0.003	0.916 ± 0.005	0.961 ± 0.002	0.751 ± 0.047	0.964 ± 0.005	0.748 ± 0.037	0.865 ± 0.019	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.040	0.838 ± 0.050	0.740 ± 0.054	0.958 ± 0.004	0.869 ± 0.161	0.951 ± 0.006	0.800 ± 0.032	0.949 ± 0.007	0.785 ± 0.043	0.865 ± 0.041	0.865 ± 0.041	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.001	0.833 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.870 ± 0.001	0.870 ± 0.001	5	11928	1.6M	34s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.856	0.856 ± 0.004	0.833 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.864 ± 0.003	0.864 ± 0.003	5	10637	506k	3.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.012	0.836 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.863 ± 0.012	0.863 ± 0.012	5	11928	53k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.003	0.838 ± 0.003	0.729 ± 0.011	0.957 ± 0.002	0.918 ± 0.027	0.953 ± 0.004	0.777 ± 0.009	0.953 ± 0.008	0.771 ± 0.009	0.865 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.003	0.827 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.865 ± 0.003	0.865 ± 0.003	5	11673	1.6M	36s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.004	0.828 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.864 ± 0.003	0.864 ± 0.003	5	11673	1.6M	38s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.004	0.835 ± 0.005	0.753 ± 0.012	0.958 ± 0.003	0.904 ± 0.003	0.953 ± 0.005	0.753 ± 0.012	0.961 ± 0.002	0.765 ± 0.018	0.864 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.004	0.856 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.853 ± 0.004	0.853 ± 0.004	5	149780	1.6M	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.855	0.855 ± 0.009	0.837 ± 0.010	0.839 ± 0.016	0.944 ± 0.005	0.862 ± 0.013	0.921 ± 0.012	0.770 ± 0.020	0.909 ± 0.013	0.759 ± 0.024	0.858 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.002	0.820 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.865 ± 0.002	0.865 ± 0.002	5	9671	49k	1.4m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.003	0.835 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.863 ± 0.002	0.863 ± 0.002	5	11928	1.6M	38s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.004	0.827 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.864 ± 0.003	0.864 ± 0.003	5	11673	1.6M	37s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.002	0.856 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.852 ± 0.002	0.852 ± 0.002	5	149780	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.024	0.831 ± 0.030	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.861 ± 0.023	0.861 ± 0.023	5	10637	53k	1.6m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	0.854	0.854 ± 0.004	0.825 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.858 ± 0.004	0.858 ± 0.004	5	6758	1.6M	25s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.853	0.853 ± 0.001	0.827 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.860 ± 0.002	0.860 ± 0.002	5	10637	1.6M	34s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.012	0.831 ± 0.017	0.737 ± 0.048	0.960 ± 0.001	0.905 ± 0.003	0.956 ± 0.003	0.744 ± 0.020	0.961 ± 0.004	0.761 ± 0.027	0.861 ± 0.012	0.861 ± 0.012	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.009	0.831 ± 0.011	0.753 ± 0.020	0.963 ± 0.004	0.909 ± 0.016	0.960 ± 0.004	0.733 ± 0.018	0.965 ± 0.002	0.754 ± 0.025	0.863 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.852	0.852 ± 0.004	0.832 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.860 ± 0.003	0.860 ± 0.003	5	11928	1.6M	37s
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.851	0.851 ± 0.012	0.828 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.861 ± 0.011	0.861 ± 0.011	5	11673	53k	2.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.851	0.851 ± 0.002	0.830 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.859 ± 0.003	0.859 ± 0.003	5	11928	1.6M	38s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	0.851	0.851 ± 0.002	0.829 ± 0.002	0.747 ± 0.008	0.960 ± 0.002	0.862 ± 0.006	0.932 ± 0.005	0.729 ± 0.004	0.948 ± 0.002	0.781 ± 0.013	0.851 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.851	0.851 ± 0.001	0.824 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.858 ± 0.002	0.858 ± 0.002	5	10637	1.6M	33s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.851	0.851 ± 0.023	0.829 ± 0.028	0.743 ± 0.049	0.959 ± 0.003	0.902 ± 0.010	0.957 ± 0.002	0.745 ± 0.042	0.961 ± 0.003	0.750 ± 0.052	0.859 ± 0.022	0.859 ± 0.022	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.005	0.823 ± 0.007	0.712 ± 0.038	0.968 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.001	0.720 ± 0.008	0.967 ± 0.000	0.730 ± 0.014	0.859 ± 0.005	0.859 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.021	0.829 ± 0.027	0.745 ± 0.042	0.958 ± 0.004	0.902 ± 0.008	0.956 ± 0.002	0.740 ± 0.050	0.960 ± 0.004	0.754 ± 0.044	0.859 ± 0.020	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.001	0.822 ± 0.002	0.703 ± 0.018	0.968 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	0.722 ± 0.007	0.967 ± 0.000	0.736 ± 0.019	0.859 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.005	0.822 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.860 ± 0.005	0.860 ± 0.005	5	11673	1.6M	56s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.004	0.823 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.857 ± 0.003	0.857 ± 0.003	5	10637	1.6M	34s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.005	0.832 ± 0.005	0.720 ± 0.009	0.952 ± 0.007	0.953 ± 0.003	0.945 ± 0.003	0.755 ± 0.017	0.948 ± 0.004	0.754 ± 0.011	0.861 ± 0.004	0.861 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.006	0.838 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.858 ± 0.005	0.858 ± 0.005	5	7154	53k	1.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.850	0.850 ± 0.004	0.828 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.857 ± 0.003	0.857 ± 0.003	5	11928	1.6M	38s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.003	0.822 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.856 ± 0.003	0.856 ± 0.003	5	10637	1.6M	34s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.003	0.821 ± 0.005	0.710 ± 0.039	0.967 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.001	0.720 ± 0.003	0.966 ± 0.000	0.727 ± 0.023	0.859 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.004	0.820 ± 0.005	0.680 ± 0.016	0.969 ± 0.001	0.954 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.722 ± 0.008	0.967 ± 0.000	0.752 ± 0.006	0.859 ± 0.003	0.859 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.003	0.827 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.854 ± 0.003	0.854 ± 0.003	5	11928	1.6M	37s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.002	0.831 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.847 ± 0.003	0.847 ± 0.003	5	6630	1.6M	8.7m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.013	0.836 ± 0.016	0.805 ± 0.024	0.905 ± 0.012	0.842 ± 0.006	0.928 ± 0.010	0.812 ± 0.039	0.926 ± 0.015	0.772 ± 0.049	0.856 ± 0.013	0.856 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.005	0.820 ± 0.007	0.694 ± 0.029	0.969 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.001	0.966 ± 0.002	0.719 ± 0.005	0.966 ± 0.001	0.737 ± 0.011	0.858 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.010	0.830 ± 0.012	0.709 ± 0.032	0.947 ± 0.004	0.955 ± 0.006	0.945 ± 0.005	0.765 ± 0.026	0.949 ± 0.005	0.748 ± 0.006	0.860 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.849	0.849 ± 0.003	0.827 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.854 ± 0.004	0.854 ± 0.004	5	11928	1.6M	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.003	0.821 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.855 ± 0.003	0.855 ± 0.003	5	10637	1.6M	3.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.002	0.821 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.856 ± 0.002	0.856 ± 0.002	5	10637	1.6M	34s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	0.848	0.848 ± 0.003	0.831 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.852 ± 0.003	0.852 ± 0.003	5	7154	1.6M	23s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.028	0.826 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.854 ± 0.029	0.854 ± 0.029	5	11928	53k	1.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.034	0.826 ± 0.042	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.851 ± 0.035	0.851 ± 0.035	5	11928	506k	3.9m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	0.847	0.847 ± 0.003	0.817 ± 0.006	0.699 ± 0.041	0.968 ± 0.001	0.953 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.001	0.716 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.000	0.724 ± 0.021	0.856 ± 0.003	0.856 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.846	0.846 ± 0.003	0.808 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.853 ± 0.003	0.853 ± 0.003	5	9671	49k	1.3m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.846	0.846 ± 0.001	0.821 ± 0.002	0.801 ± 0.006	0.908 ± 0.004	0.853 ± 0.008	0.940 ± 0.004	0.748 ± 0.008	0.922 ± 0.007	0.744 ± 0.013	0.845 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.845	0.845 ± 0.004	0.828 ± 0.004	0.712 ± 0.009	0.943 ± 0.008	0.949 ± 0.006	0.943 ± 0.004	0.761 ± 0.016	0.948 ± 0.001	0.743 ± 0.017	0.857 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.845	0.845 ± 0.006	0.814 ± 0.007	0.737 ± 0.022	0.944 ± 0.003	0.918 ± 0.006	0.946 ± 0.004	0.753 ± 0.009	0.954 ± 0.005	0.731 ± 0.009	0.855 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.844	0.844 ± 0.005	0.805 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.850 ± 0.005	0.850 ± 0.005	5	9671	49k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.844	0.844 ± 0.010	0.849 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.843 ± 0.010	0.843 ± 0.010	5	149780	506k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.844	0.844 ± 0.005	0.813 ± 0.008	0.740 ± 0.029	0.941 ± 0.005	0.917 ± 0.006	0.952 ± 0.003	0.743 ± 0.009	0.959 ± 0.005	0.733 ± 0.007	0.855 ± 0.006	0.855 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.844	0.844 ± 0.011	0.825 ± 0.015	0.710 ± 0.032	0.947 ± 0.006	0.941 ± 0.032	0.944 ± 0.010	0.749 ± 0.031	0.947 ± 0.006	0.745 ± 0.020	0.855 ± 0.012	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.843	0.843 ± 0.023	0.806 ± 0.029	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.854 ± 0.020	0.854 ± 0.020	5	9671	506k	4.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.843	0.843 ± 0.003	0.818 ± 0.004	0.679 ± 0.005	0.963 ± 0.001	0.932 ± 0.010	0.956 ± 0.003	0.777 ± 0.016	0.951 ± 0.001	0.716 ± 0.034	0.853 ± 0.004	0.853 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.843	0.843 ± 0.004	0.815 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.853 ± 0.003	0.853 ± 0.003	5	10637	1.6M	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.843	0.843 ± 0.005	0.804 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.849 ± 0.005	0.849 ± 0.005	5	9671	49k	1.3m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.843	0.843 ± 0.009	0.829 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.844 ± 0.011	0.844 ± 0.011	5	6853	53k	59s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.842	0.842 ± 0.004	0.804 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.849 ± 0.003	0.849 ± 0.003	5	9671	49k	3.8m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.842	0.842 ± 0.020	0.846 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.840 ± 0.021	0.840 ± 0.021	5	149780	506k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.842	0.842 ± 0.002	0.816 ± 0.003	0.678 ± 0.007	0.964 ± 0.002	0.930 ± 0.007	0.956 ± 0.002	0.778 ± 0.016	0.950 ± 0.003	0.703 ± 0.024	0.851 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.841	0.841 ± 0.003	0.801 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.847 ± 0.003	0.847 ± 0.003	5	9671	49k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.841	0.841 ± 0.008	0.820 ± 0.012	0.695 ± 0.023	0.947 ± 0.005	0.949 ± 0.005	0.943 ± 0.007	0.754 ± 0.019	0.949 ± 0.003	0.726 ± 0.035	0.852 ± 0.009	0.852 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.003	0.815 ± 0.002	0.675 ± 0.001	0.963 ± 0.003	0.919 ± 0.011	0.956 ± 0.002	0.771 ± 0.013	0.951 ± 0.001	0.712 ± 0.021	0.850 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.009	0.809 ± 0.011	0.735 ± 0.016	0.940 ± 0.008	0.914 ± 0.007	0.950 ± 0.009	0.737 ± 0.030	0.957 ± 0.004	0.728 ± 0.008	0.851 ± 0.008	0.851 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.011	0.827 ± 0.013	0.789 ± 0.036	0.896 ± 0.010	0.844 ± 0.009	0.920 ± 0.025	0.799 ± 0.020	0.909 ± 0.013	0.767 ± 0.039	0.847 ± 0.011	0.847 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.007	0.827 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.843 ± 0.009	0.843 ± 0.009	5	6630	53k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.840	0.840 ± 0.003	0.808 ± 0.004	0.731 ± 0.019	0.937 ± 0.009	0.916 ± 0.006	0.949 ± 0.006	0.738 ± 0.010	0.955 ± 0.003	0.724 ± 0.007	0.850 ± 0.004	0.850 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.839	0.839 ± 0.001	0.816 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.832 ± 0.002	0.832 ± 0.002	5	10637	—	9s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.839	0.839 ± 0.004	0.807 ± 0.007	0.728 ± 0.023	0.945 ± 0.010	0.915 ± 0.009	0.946 ± 0.003	0.736 ± 0.008	0.956 ± 0.004	0.723 ± 0.013	0.850 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.838	0.838 ± 0.003	0.800 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.845 ± 0.002	0.845 ± 0.002	5	9671	49k	1.3m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.838	0.838 ± 0.004	0.840 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.835 ± 0.004	0.835 ± 0.004	5	149780	49k	—
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.838	0.838 ± 0.032	0.812 ± 0.037	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.848 ± 0.030	0.848 ± 0.030	5	10637	53k	2.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.838	0.838 ± 0.007	0.806 ± 0.009	0.720 ± 0.031	0.939 ± 0.011	0.910 ± 0.012	0.949 ± 0.004	0.744 ± 0.011	0.958 ± 0.001	0.722 ± 0.004	0.849 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.838	0.838 ± 0.027	0.815 ± 0.035	0.703 ± 0.026	0.943 ± 0.005	0.878 ± 0.158	0.944 ± 0.002	0.769 ± 0.016	0.951 ± 0.008	0.732 ± 0.011	0.846 ± 0.028	0.846 ± 0.028	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.837	0.837 ± 0.005	0.812 ± 0.005	0.670 ± 0.005	0.962 ± 0.001	0.919 ± 0.009	0.956 ± 0.002	0.757 ± 0.028	0.951 ± 0.003	0.719 ± 0.015	0.848 ± 0.005	0.848 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.836	0.836 ± 0.002	0.817 ± 0.003	0.796 ± 0.009	0.882 ± 0.005	0.837 ± 0.003	0.907 ± 0.003	0.799 ± 0.009	0.916 ± 0.003	0.723 ± 0.009	0.837 ± 0.003	0.837 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.835	0.835 ± 0.003	0.808 ± 0.005	0.670 ± 0.004	0.962 ± 0.001	0.878 ± 0.024	0.956 ± 0.002	0.772 ± 0.018	0.950 ± 0.001	0.707 ± 0.031	0.842 ± 0.005	0.842 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.835	0.835 ± 0.002	0.809 ± 0.003	0.671 ± 0.003	0.961 ± 0.002	0.877 ± 0.027	0.956 ± 0.002	0.758 ± 0.025	0.950 ± 0.001	0.725 ± 0.018	0.843 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.834	0.834 ± 0.003	0.808 ± 0.005	0.727 ± 0.008	0.962 ± 0.001	0.899 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.001	0.700 ± 0.007	0.970 ± 0.000	0.696 ± 0.019	0.845 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.834	0.834 ± 0.005	0.806 ± 0.009	0.720 ± 0.016	0.963 ± 0.001	0.899 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.000	0.701 ± 0.011	0.969 ± 0.001	0.693 ± 0.035	0.844 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.834	0.834 ± 0.006	0.795 ± 0.008	0.685 ± 0.018	0.963 ± 0.002	0.945 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.002	0.717 ± 0.013	0.965 ± 0.001	0.694 ± 0.008	0.848 ± 0.006	0.848 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.834	0.834 ± 0.001	0.795 ± 0.002	0.684 ± 0.007	0.963 ± 0.002	0.931 ± 0.004	0.965 ± 0.001	0.717 ± 0.005	0.961 ± 0.002	0.698 ± 0.003	0.846 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.834	0.834 ± 0.003	0.805 ± 0.005	0.716 ± 0.010	0.964 ± 0.000	0.896 ± 0.011	0.962 ± 0.001	0.704 ± 0.009	0.970 ± 0.000	0.690 ± 0.026	0.843 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.832	0.832 ± 0.009	0.814 ± 0.013	0.795 ± 0.021	0.887 ± 0.008	0.847 ± 0.033	0.909 ± 0.013	0.751 ± 0.019	0.900 ± 0.008	0.756 ± 0.028	0.835 ± 0.011	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.832	0.832 ± 0.003	0.805 ± 0.005	0.718 ± 0.004	0.963 ± 0.000	0.895 ± 0.007	0.962 ± 0.001	0.698 ± 0.006	0.970 ± 0.000	0.693 ± 0.019	0.843 ± 0.004	0.843 ± 0.004	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.832	0.832 ± 0.006	0.803 ± 0.011	0.712 ± 0.010	0.964 ± 0.001	0.897 ± 0.006	0.962 ± 0.001	0.700 ± 0.009	0.969 ± 0.000	0.690 ± 0.043	0.842 ± 0.008	0.842 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.832	0.832 ± 0.003	0.793 ± 0.003	0.679 ± 0.004	0.964 ± 0.001	0.943 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.001	0.716 ± 0.011	0.964 ± 0.001	0.691 ± 0.004	0.846 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.832	0.832 ± 0.006	0.802 ± 0.010	0.723 ± 0.004	0.962 ± 0.001	0.898 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.000	0.695 ± 0.016	0.970 ± 0.000	0.680 ± 0.031	0.841 ± 0.006	0.841 ± 0.006	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.831	0.831 ± 0.004	0.834 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.829 ± 0.004	0.829 ± 0.004	5	149780	49k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.831	0.831 ± 0.003	0.791 ± 0.003	0.683 ± 0.010	0.963 ± 0.003	0.933 ± 0.003	0.965 ± 0.002	0.705 ± 0.005	0.963 ± 0.002	0.694 ± 0.003	0.844 ± 0.002	0.844 ± 0.002	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.831	0.831 ± 0.002	0.791 ± 0.002	0.672 ± 0.007	0.963 ± 0.002	0.949 ± 0.001	0.964 ± 0.001	0.709 ± 0.011	0.967 ± 0.001	0.692 ± 0.006	0.845 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	0.830	0.830 ± 0.003	0.790 ± 0.004	0.673 ± 0.018	0.962 ± 0.002	0.946 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.002	0.706 ± 0.013	0.965 ± 0.002	0.694 ± 0.004	0.844 ± 0.003	0.844 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	0.829	0.829 ± 0.032	0.804 ± 0.040	0.701 ± 0.048	0.954 ± 0.010	0.774 ± 0.133	0.946 ± 0.006	0.790 ± 0.020	0.949 ± 0.006	0.736 ± 0.051	0.836 ± 0.034	0.836 ± 0.034	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.826	0.826 ± 0.017	0.829 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.825 ± 0.018	0.825 ± 0.018	5	16980	49k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.826	0.826 ± 0.004	0.786 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.834 ± 0.004	0.834 ± 0.004	5	9671	53k	1.7m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	0.825	0.825 ± 0.009	0.814 ± 0.009	0.792 ± 0.010	0.884 ± 0.009	0.825 ± 0.002	0.887 ± 0.012	0.790 ± 0.033	0.906 ± 0.007	0.745 ± 0.028	0.833 ± 0.008	0.833 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.825	0.825 ± 0.014	0.827 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.823 ± 0.015	0.823 ± 0.015	5	16980	49k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.824	0.824 ± 0.003	0.784 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.832 ± 0.004	0.832 ± 0.004	5	9671	53k	1.7m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.824	0.824 ± 0.003	0.773 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.828 ± 0.003	0.828 ± 0.003	5	9671	1.6M	2.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.824	0.824 ± 0.004	0.782 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.829 ± 0.005	0.829 ± 0.005	5	9671	53k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.822	0.822 ± 0.004	0.779 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.828 ± 0.003	0.828 ± 0.003	5	9671	53k	2.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.821	0.821 ± 0.002	0.768 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.827 ± 0.002	0.827 ± 0.002	5	9671	1.6M	32s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.821	0.821 ± 0.002	0.767 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.826 ± 0.002	0.826 ± 0.002	5	9671	1.6M	30s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.820	0.820 ± 0.002	0.768 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.825 ± 0.003	0.825 ± 0.003	5	9671	1.6M	30s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.820	0.820 ± 0.002	0.771 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.811 ± 0.002	0.811 ± 0.002	5	4353	1.6M	16s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.820	0.820 ± 0.002	0.767 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.825 ± 0.002	0.825 ± 0.002	5	9671	1.6M	32s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.820	0.820 ± 0.008	0.777 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.826 ± 0.008	0.826 ± 0.008	5	9671	53k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.819	0.819 ± 0.019	0.825 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.820 ± 0.020	0.820 ± 0.020	5	16980	506k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.819	0.819 ± 0.002	0.765 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.823 ± 0.002	0.823 ± 0.002	5	9671	1.6M	32s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.818	0.818 ± 0.012	0.786 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.817 ± 0.012	0.817 ± 0.012	5	4353	53k	39s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.818	0.818 ± 0.010	0.774 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.823 ± 0.010	0.823 ± 0.010	5	9671	53k	1.7m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.815	0.815 ± 0.002	0.780 ± 0.002	0.678 ± 0.005	0.906 ± 0.003	0.741 ± 0.007	0.945 ± 0.001	0.761 ± 0.007	0.946 ± 0.004	0.696 ± 0.014	0.810 ± 0.003	0.810 ± 0.003	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.814	0.814 ± 0.012	0.820 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.815 ± 0.014	0.815 ± 0.014	5	16980	506k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.812	0.812 ± 0.022	0.774 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.809 ± 0.023	0.809 ± 0.023	5	4353	506k	1.0m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	0.811	0.811 ± 0.011	0.768 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.805 ± 0.014	0.805 ± 0.014	5	4353	49k	21s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.810	0.810 ± 0.008	0.779 ± 0.011	0.685 ± 0.023	0.940 ± 0.007	0.824 ± 0.024	0.930 ± 0.008	0.732 ± 0.013	0.887 ± 0.010	0.701 ± 0.016	0.814 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.810	0.810 ± 0.004	0.757 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.821 ± 0.004	0.821 ± 0.004	5	9671	1.6M	29s
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.809	0.809 ± 0.008	0.763 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.817 ± 0.007	0.817 ± 0.007	5	9671	53k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.809	0.809 ± 0.007	0.811 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.807 ± 0.007	0.807 ± 0.007	5	67212	49k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.807	0.807 ± 0.005	0.778 ± 0.007	0.651 ± 0.015	0.871 ± 0.030	0.781 ± 0.038	0.950 ± 0.008	0.768 ± 0.014	0.938 ± 0.005	0.668 ± 0.032	0.804 ± 0.008	0.804 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.807	0.807 ± 0.011	0.810 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.805 ± 0.012	0.805 ± 0.012	5	67212	49k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.806	0.806 ± 0.004	0.764 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.807 ± 0.004	0.807 ± 0.004	5	4445	1.6M	38s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.806	0.806 ± 0.008	0.771 ± 0.009	0.655 ± 0.017	0.931 ± 0.010	0.828 ± 0.034	0.928 ± 0.011	0.725 ± 0.019	0.887 ± 0.009	0.693 ± 0.024	0.807 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.805	0.805 ± 0.002	0.763 ± 0.002	0.678 ± 0.002	0.938 ± 0.003	0.793 ± 0.008	0.912 ± 0.004	0.711 ± 0.003	0.914 ± 0.004	0.670 ± 0.008	0.802 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.805	0.805 ± 0.009	0.810 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.806 ± 0.010	0.806 ± 0.010	5	67212	506k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.802	0.802 ± 0.010	0.773 ± 0.012	0.655 ± 0.029	0.862 ± 0.035	0.806 ± 0.035	0.947 ± 0.011	0.755 ± 0.012	0.937 ± 0.005	0.646 ± 0.039	0.801 ± 0.014	0.801 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.801	0.801 ± 0.007	0.803 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.800 ± 0.007	0.800 ± 0.007	5	149780	53k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	0.800	0.800 ± 0.009	0.774 ± 0.011	0.678 ± 0.015	0.874 ± 0.022	0.759 ± 0.012	0.918 ± 0.007	0.776 ± 0.011	0.945 ± 0.004	0.651 ± 0.034	0.800 ± 0.008	0.800 ± 0.008	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.799	0.799 ± 0.002	0.774 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.793 ± 0.003	0.793 ± 0.003	5	11673	—	10s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.799	0.799 ± 0.006	0.802 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.799 ± 0.006	0.799 ± 0.006	5	149780	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.798	0.798 ± 0.008	0.804 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.799 ± 0.010	0.799 ± 0.010	5	67212	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.796	0.796 ± 0.026	0.800 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.792 ± 0.029	0.792 ± 0.029	5	37620	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.795	0.795 ± 0.017	0.799 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.791 ± 0.019	0.791 ± 0.019	5	37620	49k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.795	0.795 ± 0.004	0.758 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.799 ± 0.005	0.799 ± 0.005	5	4445	49k	4.9m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	0.793	0.793 ± 0.006	0.760 ± 0.008	0.670 ± 0.011	0.922 ± 0.007	0.801 ± 0.009	0.895 ± 0.007	0.709 ± 0.020	0.909 ± 0.011	0.680 ± 0.004	0.798 ± 0.005	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.790	0.790 ± 0.012	0.746 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.788 ± 0.007	0.788 ± 0.007	5	4445	506k	1.6m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	0.787	0.787 ± 0.006	0.746 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.789 ± 0.006	0.789 ± 0.006	5	4445	53k	53s
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.783	0.783 ± 0.002	0.734 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.766 ± 0.003	0.766 ± 0.003	5	9671	—	7s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.782	0.782 ± 0.028	0.790 ± 0.024	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.780 ± 0.030	0.780 ± 0.030	5	37620	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.777	0.777 ± 0.007	0.782 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.781 ± 0.006	0.781 ± 0.006	5	67212	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.776	0.776 ± 0.017	0.780 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.780 ± 0.017	0.780 ± 0.017	5	67212	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.772	0.772 ± 0.009	0.777 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.777 ± 0.009	0.777 ± 0.009	5	67212	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.768	0.768 ± 0.009	0.772 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.771 ± 0.008	0.771 ± 0.008	5	67212	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.765	0.765 ± 0.002	0.766 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.770 ± 0.002	0.770 ± 0.002	5	16980	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.765	0.765 ± 0.010	0.773 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.763 ± 0.012	0.763 ± 0.012	5	37620	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.758	0.758 ± 0.003	0.760 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.763 ± 0.003	0.763 ± 0.003	5	67212	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.758	0.758 ± 0.006	0.759 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.763 ± 0.006	0.763 ± 0.006	5	16980	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.758	0.758 ± 0.020	0.762 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.762 ± 0.021	0.762 ± 0.021	5	67212	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.752	0.752 ± 0.003	0.755 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.757 ± 0.003	0.757 ± 0.003	5	67212	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.752	0.752 ± 0.003	0.754 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.757 ± 0.003	0.757 ± 0.003	5	67212	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.748	0.748 ± 0.003	0.752 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.752 ± 0.003	0.752 ± 0.003	5	67212	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.747	0.747 ± 0.009	0.749 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.750 ± 0.009	0.750 ± 0.009	5	67212	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.744	0.744 ± 0.019	0.747 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.749 ± 0.019	0.749 ± 0.019	5	67212	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.743	0.743 ± 0.013	0.739 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.743 ± 0.013	0.743 ± 0.013	5	16980	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.742	0.742 ± 0.011	0.745 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.747 ± 0.010	0.747 ± 0.010	5	67212	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.741	0.741 ± 0.013	0.741 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.743 ± 0.012	0.743 ± 0.012	5	16980	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.740	0.740 ± 0.017	0.743 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.742 ± 0.019	0.742 ± 0.019	5	16980	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.738	0.738 ± 0.009	0.741 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.737 ± 0.009	0.737 ± 0.009	5	16980	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.737	0.737 ± 0.010	0.736 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.742 ± 0.010	0.742 ± 0.010	5	16980	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.737	0.737 ± 0.018	0.737 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.741 ± 0.018	0.741 ± 0.018	5	16980	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.733	0.733 ± 0.019	0.736 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.732 ± 0.020	0.732 ± 0.020	5	16980	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.732	0.732 ± 0.007	0.734 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.732 ± 0.006	0.732 ± 0.006	5	16980	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.730	0.730 ± 0.010	0.728 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.733 ± 0.011	0.733 ± 0.011	5	16980	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.730	0.730 ± 0.021	0.728 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.732 ± 0.023	0.732 ± 0.023	5	16980	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.729	0.729 ± 0.003	0.729 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.730 ± 0.003	0.730 ± 0.003	5	16980	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.728	0.728 ± 0.006	0.729 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.726 ± 0.006	0.726 ± 0.006	5	16980	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.728	0.728 ± 0.005	0.729 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.731 ± 0.006	0.731 ± 0.006	5	16980	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.727	0.727 ± 0.013	0.729 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.733 ± 0.012	0.733 ± 0.012	5	67212	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.724	0.724 ± 0.014	0.727 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.731 ± 0.013	0.731 ± 0.013	5	67212	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.715	0.715 ± 0.002	0.716 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.714 ± 0.003	0.714 ± 0.003	5	16980	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.714	0.714 ± 0.011	0.713 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.717 ± 0.010	0.717 ± 0.010	5	67212	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.713	0.713 ± 0.010	0.713 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.722 ± 0.008	0.722 ± 0.008	5	67212	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.711	0.711 ± 0.002	0.713 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.712 ± 0.002	0.712 ± 0.002	5	37620	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.702	0.702 ± 0.011	0.702 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.710 ± 0.010	0.710 ± 0.010	5	67212	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.698	0.698 ± 0.007	0.702 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.699 ± 0.007	0.699 ± 0.007	5	37620	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.696	0.696 ± 0.014	0.697 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.700 ± 0.014	0.700 ± 0.014	5	67212	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.693	0.693 ± 0.022	0.698 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.696 ± 0.023	0.696 ± 0.023	5	149780	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.691	0.691 ± 0.021	0.693 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.694 ± 0.022	0.694 ± 0.022	5	37620	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.689	0.689 ± 0.010	0.691 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.694 ± 0.009	0.694 ± 0.009	5	37620	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.685	0.685 ± 0.005	0.687 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.689 ± 0.006	0.689 ± 0.006	5	149780	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.682	0.682 ± 0.017	0.679 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.684 ± 0.017	0.684 ± 0.017	5	16980	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.680	0.680 ± 0.007	0.676 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.680 ± 0.005	0.680 ± 0.005	5	16980	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.028	0.685 ± 0.031	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.677 ± 0.032	0.677 ± 0.032	5	37620	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.015	0.679 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.679 ± 0.015	0.679 ± 0.015	5	37620	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.673	0.673 ± 0.016	0.674 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.676 ± 0.017	0.676 ± 0.017	5	149780	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.670	0.670 ± 0.025	0.656 ± 0.026	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.669 ± 0.024	0.669 ± 0.024	5	11928	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.669	0.669 ± 0.023	0.671 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.673 ± 0.021	0.673 ± 0.021	5	149780	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.667	0.667 ± 0.016	0.669 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.667 ± 0.015	0.667 ± 0.015	5	37620	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.024	0.668 ± 0.025	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.668 ± 0.023	0.668 ± 0.023	5	37620	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.662	0.662 ± 0.024	0.665 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.665 ± 0.025	0.665 ± 0.025	5	37620	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.661	0.661 ± 0.011	0.665 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.661 ± 0.011	0.661 ± 0.011	5	37620	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.661	0.661 ± 0.035	0.652 ± 0.041	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.660 ± 0.035	0.660 ± 0.035	5	11928	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.652	0.652 ± 0.004	0.640 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.667 ± 0.003	0.667 ± 0.003	5	11928	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.646	0.646 ± 0.011	0.628 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.644 ± 0.013	0.644 ± 0.013	5	11928	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.643	0.643 ± 0.022	0.649 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.645 ± 0.021	0.645 ± 0.021	5	37620	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.643	0.643 ± 0.015	0.650 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.644 ± 0.014	0.644 ± 0.014	5	37620	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.643	0.643 ± 0.009	0.626 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.660 ± 0.009	0.660 ± 0.009	5	11928	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.639	0.639 ± 0.008	0.621 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.636 ± 0.011	0.636 ± 0.011	5	11928	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.636	0.636 ± 0.008	0.642 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.637 ± 0.007	0.637 ± 0.007	5	37620	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.633	0.633 ± 0.032	0.639 ± 0.033	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.634 ± 0.032	0.634 ± 0.032	5	37620	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.629	0.629 ± 0.001	0.634 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.631 ± 0.001	0.631 ± 0.001	5	37620	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.621	0.621 ± 0.016	0.578 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.606 ± 0.028	0.606 ± 0.028	5	10637	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.621	0.621 ± 0.021	0.577 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.603 ± 0.027	0.603 ± 0.027	5	10637	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.619	0.619 ± 0.016	0.622 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.624 ± 0.016	0.624 ± 0.016	5	149780	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.615	0.615 ± 0.017	0.617 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.621 ± 0.015	0.621 ± 0.015	5	149780	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.614	0.614 ± 0.034	0.574 ± 0.045	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.602 ± 0.046	0.602 ± 0.046	5	10637	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.609	0.609 ± 0.003	0.614 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.609 ± 0.003	0.609 ± 0.003	5	37620	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.599	0.599 ± 0.026	0.557 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.587 ± 0.034	0.587 ± 0.034	5	10637	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.590	0.590 ± 0.015	0.556 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.588 ± 0.018	0.588 ± 0.018	5	11673	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.587	0.587 ± 0.013	0.553 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.580 ± 0.018	0.580 ± 0.018	5	11673	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.583	0.583 ± 0.015	0.548 ± 0.028	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.578 ± 0.027	0.578 ± 0.027	5	11673	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.574	0.574 ± 0.006	0.573 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.590 ± 0.005	0.590 ± 0.005	5	11673	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.573	0.573 ± 0.015	0.537 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.567 ± 0.023	0.567 ± 0.023	5	11673	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.572	0.572 ± 0.013	0.579 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.571 ± 0.013	0.571 ± 0.013	5	149780	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.572	0.572 ± 0.030	0.549 ± 0.042	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.576 ± 0.037	0.576 ± 0.037	5	10637	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.569	0.569 ± 0.006	0.568 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.590 ± 0.004	0.590 ± 0.004	5	11673	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.568	0.568 ± 0.010	0.576 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.567 ± 0.009	0.567 ± 0.009	5	149780	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.568	0.568 ± 0.014	0.554 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.585 ± 0.014	0.585 ± 0.014	5	9671	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.567	0.567 ± 0.013	0.575 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.564 ± 0.011	0.564 ± 0.011	5	149780	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.567	0.567 ± 0.012	0.567 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.584 ± 0.011	0.584 ± 0.011	5	11673	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.567	0.567 ± 0.016	0.564 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.582 ± 0.016	0.582 ± 0.016	5	11673	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.565	0.565 ± 0.017	0.552 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.582 ± 0.012	0.582 ± 0.012	5	9671	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.563	0.563 ± 0.011	0.514 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.538 ± 0.011	0.538 ± 0.011	5	9671	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.561	0.561 ± 0.012	0.569 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.560 ± 0.011	0.560 ± 0.011	5	149780	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.558	0.558 ± 0.010	0.560 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.584 ± 0.008	0.584 ± 0.008	5	9671	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.558	0.558 ± 0.010	0.540 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.581 ± 0.010	0.581 ± 0.010	5	10637	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.555	0.555 ± 0.015	0.548 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.575 ± 0.022	0.575 ± 0.022	5	9671	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.553	0.553 ± 0.005	0.508 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.536 ± 0.014	0.536 ± 0.014	5	9671	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.553	0.553 ± 0.007	0.543 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.583 ± 0.009	0.583 ± 0.009	5	11673	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.552	0.552 ± 0.011	0.530 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.574 ± 0.013	0.574 ± 0.013	5	10637	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.551	0.551 ± 0.010	0.554 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.555 ± 0.009	0.555 ± 0.009	5	37620	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.548	0.548 ± 0.027	0.551 ± 0.028	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.554 ± 0.026	0.554 ± 0.026	5	37620	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.546	0.546 ± 0.019	0.519 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.554 ± 0.023	0.554 ± 0.023	5	10637	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.545	0.545 ± 0.012	0.497 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.523 ± 0.026	0.523 ± 0.026	5	9671	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.544	0.544 ± 0.013	0.534 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.576 ± 0.019	0.576 ± 0.019	5	11673	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.543	0.543 ± 0.032	0.531 ± 0.046	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.558 ± 0.040	0.558 ± 0.040	5	11673	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.541	0.541 ± 0.005	0.537 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.565 ± 0.002	0.565 ± 0.002	5	10637	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.538	0.538 ± 0.020	0.535 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.565 ± 0.020	0.565 ± 0.020	5	10637	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.538	0.538 ± 0.011	0.535 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.563 ± 0.010	0.563 ± 0.010	5	10637	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.537	0.537 ± 0.015	0.533 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.558 ± 0.016	0.558 ± 0.016	5	10637	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.535	0.535 ± 0.019	0.483 ± 0.038	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.509 ± 0.034	0.509 ± 0.034	5	9671	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.532	0.532 ± 0.013	0.524 ± 0.026	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.557 ± 0.020	0.557 ± 0.020	5	9671	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.532	0.532 ± 0.011	0.524 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.561 ± 0.017	0.561 ± 0.017	5	9671	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.531	0.531 ± 0.018	0.523 ± 0.026	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.540 ± 0.023	0.540 ± 0.023	5	11928	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.527	0.527 ± 0.017	0.534 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.554 ± 0.018	0.554 ± 0.018	5	11928	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.527	0.527 ± 0.011	0.514 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.552 ± 0.011	0.552 ± 0.011	5	9671	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.525	0.525 ± 0.011	0.531 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.548 ± 0.009	0.548 ± 0.009	5	11928	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.519	0.519 ± 0.023	0.513 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.548 ± 0.024	0.548 ± 0.024	5	9671	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.517	0.517 ± 0.016	0.501 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.535 ± 0.019	0.535 ± 0.019	5	11673	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.513	0.513 ± 0.013	0.503 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.525 ± 0.012	0.525 ± 0.012	5	11928	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.513	0.513 ± 0.019	0.500 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.535 ± 0.020	0.535 ± 0.020	5	10637	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.510	0.510 ± 0.013	0.502 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.522 ± 0.011	0.522 ± 0.011	5	11928	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.508	0.508 ± 0.004	0.492 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.535 ± 0.003	0.535 ± 0.003	5	10637	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.508	0.508 ± 0.018	0.502 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.542 ± 0.012	0.542 ± 0.012	5	10637	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.506	0.506 ± 0.004	0.497 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.544 ± 0.006	0.544 ± 0.006	5	11673	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.505	0.505 ± 0.023	0.497 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.531 ± 0.024	0.531 ± 0.024	5	10637	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.505	0.505 ± 0.011	0.495 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.518 ± 0.011	0.518 ± 0.011	5	11928	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.498	0.498 ± 0.009	0.494 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.540 ± 0.019	0.540 ± 0.019	5	11673	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.496	0.496 ± 0.013	0.483 ± 0.017	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.518 ± 0.016	0.518 ± 0.016	5	10637	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.495	0.495 ± 0.008	0.472 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.516 ± 0.009	0.516 ± 0.009	5	10637	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.489	0.489 ± 0.001	0.487 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.516 ± 0.001	0.516 ± 0.001	5	11673	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.488	0.488 ± 0.002	0.488 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.519 ± 0.001	0.519 ± 0.001	5	11673	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.481	0.481 ± 0.009	0.483 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.484 ± 0.009	0.484 ± 0.009	5	149780	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.477	0.477 ± 0.008	0.480 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.507 ± 0.007	0.507 ± 0.007	5	11673	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.475	0.475 ± 0.006	0.456 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.504 ± 0.007	0.504 ± 0.007	5	11673	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.474	0.474 ± 0.008	0.477 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.505 ± 0.008	0.505 ± 0.008	5	11673	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.473	0.473 ± 0.013	0.464 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.504 ± 0.017	0.504 ± 0.017	5	11673	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.467	0.467 ± 0.008	0.469 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.470 ± 0.008	0.470 ± 0.008	5	149780	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.467	0.467 ± 0.018	0.459 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.486 ± 0.019	0.486 ± 0.019	5	11673	53k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.465	0.465 ± 0.008	0.459 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.462 ± 0.006	0.462 ± 0.006	5	11928	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.464	0.464 ± 0.004	0.470 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.500 ± 0.004	0.500 ± 0.004	5	9671	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.463	0.463 ± 0.014	0.456 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.485 ± 0.018	0.485 ± 0.018	5	11673	53k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.463	0.463 ± 0.009	0.454 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.457 ± 0.008	0.457 ± 0.008	5	11928	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.463	0.463 ± 0.012	0.461 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.463 ± 0.014	0.463 ± 0.014	5	11928	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.460	0.460 ± 0.004	0.457 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.495 ± 0.005	0.495 ± 0.005	5	9671	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.457	0.457 ± 0.018	0.452 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.455 ± 0.013	0.455 ± 0.013	5	11928	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.455	0.455 ± 0.001	0.473 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.492 ± 0.001	0.492 ± 0.001	5	9671	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.446	0.446 ± 0.002	0.446 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.485 ± 0.003	0.485 ± 0.003	5	10637	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.446	0.446 ± 0.003	0.458 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.483 ± 0.003	0.483 ± 0.003	5	9671	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.443	0.443 ± 0.010	0.459 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.482 ± 0.009	0.482 ± 0.009	5	9671	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.439	0.439 ± 0.010	0.452 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.466 ± 0.010	0.466 ± 0.010	5	9671	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.439	0.439 ± 0.003	0.439 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.477 ± 0.003	0.477 ± 0.003	5	10637	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.438	0.438 ± 0.009	0.453 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.476 ± 0.008	0.476 ± 0.008	5	9671	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.434	0.434 ± 0.010	0.448 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.471 ± 0.015	0.471 ± 0.015	5	9671	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.431	0.431 ± 0.011	0.451 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.471 ± 0.009	0.471 ± 0.009	5	9671	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.428	0.428 ± 0.007	0.443 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.456 ± 0.008	0.456 ± 0.008	5	9671	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.428	0.428 ± 0.008	0.434 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.463 ± 0.008	0.463 ± 0.008	5	10637	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.425	0.425 ± 0.018	0.435 ± 0.018	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.445 ± 0.017	0.445 ± 0.017	5	11928	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.423	0.423 ± 0.020	0.424 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.461 ± 0.019	0.461 ± 0.019	5	10637	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.422	0.422 ± 0.015	0.434 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.446 ± 0.013	0.446 ± 0.013	5	11928	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.373	0.373 ± 0.015	0.394 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.364 ± 0.015	0.364 ± 0.015	5	149780	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.356	0.356 ± 0.020	0.373 ± 0.019	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.349 ± 0.022	0.349 ± 0.022	5	149780	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.344	0.344 ± 0.012	0.348 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.353 ± 0.013	0.353 ± 0.013	5	11928	53k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.339	0.339 ± 0.009	0.343 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.346 ± 0.009	0.346 ± 0.009	5	11928	53k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.266	0.266 ± 0.009	0.308 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.218 ± 0.009	0.218 ± 0.009	5	16980	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.262	0.262 ± 0.009	0.299 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.212 ± 0.010	0.212 ± 0.010	5	67212	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.259	0.259 ± 0.014	0.238 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.223 ± 0.012	0.223 ± 0.012	5	11928	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.255	0.255 ± 0.009	0.236 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.226 ± 0.012	0.226 ± 0.012	5	11928	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	0.236	0.236 ± 0.017	0.280 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.181 ± 0.018	0.181 ± 0.018	5	16980	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.233	0.233 ± 0.007	0.205 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.168 ± 0.008	0.168 ± 0.008	5	11673	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.233	0.233 ± 0.022	0.272 ± 0.020	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.176 ± 0.025	0.176 ± 0.025	5	67212	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.221	0.221 ± 0.008	0.183 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.150 ± 0.008	0.150 ± 0.008	5	9671	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	0.209	0.209 ± 0.016	0.188 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.138 ± 0.019	0.138 ± 0.019	5	11673	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	0.204	0.204 ± 0.014	0.172 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.128 ± 0.015	0.128 ± 0.015	5	9671	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.195	0.195 ± 0.005	0.243 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.133 ± 0.008	0.133 ± 0.008	5	37620	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	0.188	0.188 ± 0.009	0.236 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.121 ± 0.013	0.121 ± 0.013	5	37620	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.184	0.184 ± 0.003	0.184 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.109 ± 0.005	0.109 ± 0.005	5	10637	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	0.179	0.179 ± 0.009	0.179 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.100 ± 0.014	0.100 ± 0.014	5	10637	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	0.179	0.179 ± 0.005	0.181 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.093 ± 0.006	0.093 ± 0.006	5	11928	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.173	0.173 ± 0.008	0.177 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.087 ± 0.009	0.087 ± 0.009	5	11928	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	0.171	0.171 ± 0.005	0.221 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.107 ± 0.007	0.107 ± 0.007	5	149780	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.167	0.167 ± 0.006	0.217 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.095 ± 0.006	0.095 ± 0.006	5	149780	1.6M	—
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.143 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.036 ± 0.000	0.036 ± 0.000	5	67212	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.222 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.052 ± 0.000	0.052 ± 0.000	5	9671	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.138 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.035 ± 0.000	0.035 ± 0.000	5	16980	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.172 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.042 ± 0.000	0.042 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.139 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.035 ± 0.000	0.035 ± 0.000	5	149780	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.190 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.046 ± 0.000	0.046 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.138 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.035 ± 0.000	0.035 ± 0.000	5	37620	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.193 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.046 ± 0.000	0.046 ± 0.000	5	10637	—	0s

switch_type_global

switch_type_global — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	f1_cable	f1_capacitor	f1_generator	f1_ibr	f1_inrush	f1_load	f1_motor_start	f1_ohl	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.872	0.872 ± 0.002	0.875 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.547 ± 0.001	0.875 ± 0.001	5	8602	—	2.4m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.865	0.865 ± 0.084	0.838 ± 0.101	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.529 ± 0.069	0.847 ± 0.110	5	500	565k	7.3m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.835	0.835 ± 0.056	0.828 ± 0.062	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.526 ± 0.039	0.841 ± 0.062	5	9075	565k	7.3m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.791	0.791 ± 0.050	0.790 ± 0.049	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.395 ± 0.022	0.789 ± 0.044	5	8789	531k	7.2m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.782	0.782 ± 0.016	0.765 ± 0.015	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.692 ± 0.013	0.791 ± 0.015	5	1560	125k	12.4m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.781	0.781 ± 0.020	0.773 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.690 ± 0.018	0.788 ± 0.020	5	1560	118k	26.6m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.766	0.766 ± 0.029	0.720 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.423 ± 0.036	0.676 ± 0.058	5	500	92k	5.7m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.751	0.751 ± 0.003	0.742 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.638 ± 0.003	0.729 ± 0.004	5	1560	—	54s
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.747	0.747 ± 0.006	0.729 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.476 ± 0.003	0.761 ± 0.005	5	9075	92k	5.7m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.739	0.739 ± 0.007	0.687 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.411 ± 0.010	0.657 ± 0.015	5	500	95k	5.6m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.739	0.739 ± 0.012	0.737 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.663 ± 0.010	0.758 ± 0.011	5	9196	118k	26.6m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.738	0.738 ± 0.007	0.737 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.330 ± 0.003	0.661 ± 0.006	5	240	531k	7.2m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.732	0.732 ± 0.011	0.732 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.358 ± 0.024	0.717 ± 0.049	5	240	12.0M	4.5m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.729	0.729 ± 0.003	0.710 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.466 ± 0.001	0.745 ± 0.002	5	9075	95k	5.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.729	0.729 ± 0.002	0.730 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.362 ± 0.001	0.725 ± 0.002	5	8789	—	19s
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.726	0.726 ± 0.005	0.730 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.656 ± 0.005	0.750 ± 0.005	5	9196	125k	12.4m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.720	0.720 ± 0.012	0.720 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.343 ± 0.026	0.687 ± 0.052	5	240	69k	2.1m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.719	0.719 ± 0.005	0.715 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.443 ± 0.003	0.709 ± 0.005	5	8602	103.4M	20.0m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.710	0.710 ± 0.006	0.712 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.360 ± 0.002	0.720 ± 0.004	5	8789	68k	3.9m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.705	0.705 ± 0.009	0.706 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.355 ± 0.008	0.710 ± 0.016	5	8789	12.0M	4.5m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.696	0.696 ± 0.014	0.699 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.345 ± 0.025	0.689 ± 0.050	5	8789	69k	2.1m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.694	0.694 ± 0.002	0.676 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.437 ± 0.010	0.700 ± 0.015	5	9075	26.7M	6.2m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.692	0.692 ± 0.026	0.631 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.371 ± 0.023	0.594 ± 0.036	5	500	26.7M	6.2m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.689	0.689 ± 0.022	0.688 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.434 ± 0.024	0.694 ± 0.038	5	8602	745k	8.2m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.687	0.687 ± 0.013	0.652 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.609 ± 0.012	0.696 ± 0.014	5	1560	42.9M	10.7m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.683	0.683 ± 0.074	0.640 ± 0.091	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.590 ± 0.075	0.674 ± 0.085	5	1560	603k	3.3m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.682	0.682 ± 0.011	0.674 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.425 ± 0.015	0.680 ± 0.023	5	8602	235k	12.9m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.678	0.678 ± 0.036	0.678 ± 0.036	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.298 ± 0.019	0.597 ± 0.038	5	240	68k	3.9m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.669	0.669 ± 0.016	0.659 ± 0.021	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.421 ± 0.012	0.674 ± 0.019	5	8602	212k	13.3m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.664	0.664 ± 0.023	0.815 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.420 ± 0.016	0.672 ± 0.025	5	2050	—	2.4m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.658	0.658 ± 0.005	0.659 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.404 ± 0.003	0.647 ± 0.005	5	9075	—	37s
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.628	0.628 ± 0.064	0.611 ± 0.075	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.555 ± 0.068	0.634 ± 0.078	5	9196	603k	3.3m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.605	0.605 ± 0.005	0.612 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.533 ± 0.004	0.609 ± 0.004	5	9196	—	54s
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.592	0.592 ± 0.002	0.577 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.539 ± 0.003	0.616 ± 0.003	5	9196	42.9M	10.7m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.304	0.304 ± 0.000	0.304 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.097 ± 0.000	0.194 ± 0.000	5	240	—	19s
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.270	0.270 ± 0.005	0.222 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.088 ± 0.002	0.140 ± 0.004	5	2050	103.4M	20.0m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.251	0.251 ± 0.017	0.190 ± 0.084	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.069 ± 0.029	0.111 ± 0.047	5	2050	212k	13.3m
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.250	0.250 ± 0.000	0.250 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.050 ± 0.000	0.100 ± 0.000	5	240	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.250	0.250 ± 0.000	0.259 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.051 ± 0.000	0.103 ± 0.000	5	8789	—	0s
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.247	0.247 ± 0.001	0.296 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.098 ± 0.001	0.157 ± 0.002	5	500	—	37s
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.234	0.234 ± 0.021	0.276 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.083 ± 0.013	0.133 ± 0.021	5	2050	745k	8.2m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.231	0.231 ± 0.030	0.255 ± 0.035	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.072 ± 0.015	0.116 ± 0.024	5	2050	235k	12.9m
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.200	0.200 ± 0.000	0.273 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.054 ± 0.000	0.086 ± 0.000	5	2050	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.200	0.200 ± 0.000	0.253 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.051 ± 0.000	0.081 ± 0.000	5	8602	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.200	0.200 ± 0.000	0.240 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.048 ± 0.000	0.077 ± 0.000	5	500	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.200	0.200 ± 0.000	0.227 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.046 ± 0.000	0.074 ± 0.000	5	9075	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.179 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.038 ± 0.000	0.043 ± 0.000	5	1560	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.143	0.143 ± 0.000	0.177 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.038 ± 0.000	0.043 ± 0.000	5	9196	—	0s

Tier 3 — hard frontier

event_classification_global

event_classification_global — ranked by balanced_accuracy
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	balanced_accuracy	balanced_accuracy	accuracy	f1_flt_1phg_hif	f1_flt_1phg_hif_w_arc	f1_flt_1phg_incipient	f1_flt_1phg_incipient_w_arc	f1_flt_1phg_shc	f1_flt_1phg_shc_w_arc	f1_flt_2ph_shc	f1_flt_2phg_shc	f1_flt_3ph_shc	f1_no_event	f1_switch_cable_off	f1_switch_cable_on	f1_switch_cap_off	f1_switch_cap_on	f1_switch_gen_trip	f1_switch_ibr_trip	f1_switch_inrush_hv	f1_switch_inrush_lv	f1_switch_load_off	f1_switch_load_on	f1_switch_motor_start	f1_switch_ohl_off	f1_switch_ohl_on	macro_f1	macro_f1_supported	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.833	0.833 ± 0.016	0.677 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.687 ± 0.043	0.614 ± 0.071	0.992 ± 0.006	0.992 ± 0.006	0.999 ± 0.001	0.999 ± 0.000	0.998 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.741 ± 0.000	1.000 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.997 ± 0.009	1.000 ± 0.000	0.013 ± 0.017	0.067 ± 0.119	n/a	0.807 ± 0.146	0.980 ± 0.017	0.518 ± 0.012	0.745 ± 0.017	5	25323	533k	20.5m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.831	0.831 ± 0.025	0.751 ± 0.162	n/a	n/a	0.396 ± 0.121	0.463 ± 0.198	0.990 ± 0.006	0.990 ± 0.006	0.997 ± 0.003	0.998 ± 0.002	0.998 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.734 ± 0.012	1.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.907 ± 0.133	0.986 ± 0.025	0.986 ± 0.033	0.014 ± 0.028	0.046 ± 0.067	n/a	0.587 ± 0.419	0.947 ± 0.025	0.537 ± 0.022	0.726 ± 0.029	5	56005	567k	20.3m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.782	0.782 ± 0.006	0.569 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.619 ± 0.050	0.660 ± 0.031	0.955 ± 0.008	0.950 ± 0.008	0.968 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.776 ± 0.008	0.952 ± 0.001	n/a	0.938 ± 0.010	0.948 ± 0.003	0.922 ± 0.014	0.115 ± 0.028	0.130 ± 0.026	n/a	0.567 ± 0.092	0.925 ± 0.022	0.553 ± 0.005	0.748 ± 0.007	5	33672	567k	20.3m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.777	0.777 ± 0.002	0.567 ± 0.009	—	—	0.617 ± 0.050	0.632 ± 0.083	0.955 ± 0.008	0.950 ± 0.007	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.339 ± 0.026	—	—	0.777 ± 0.013	0.952 ± 0.000	—	0.939 ± 0.011	0.948 ± 0.001	0.927 ± 0.013	0.104 ± 0.030	0.134 ± 0.013	—	0.564 ± 0.086	0.923 ± 0.021	0.551 ± 0.008	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.774	0.774 ± 0.003	0.808 ± 0.002	—	—	0.417 ± 0.018	0.481 ± 0.014	0.603 ± 0.004	0.568 ± 0.005	0.959 ± 0.001	0.930 ± 0.001	0.946 ± 0.002	0.888 ± 0.001	—	—	0.783 ± 0.006	0.842 ± 0.006	0.891 ± 0.002	—	—	0.762 ± 0.006	0.831 ± 0.004	0.847 ± 0.005	—	0.760 ± 0.003	0.775 ± 0.012	0.534 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.766	0.766 ± 0.004	0.570 ± 0.008	—	—	0.650 ± 0.032	0.597 ± 0.026	0.961 ± 0.004	0.959 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.347 ± 0.022	—	—	0.784 ± 0.003	0.952 ± 0.000	—	—	0.951 ± 0.001	0.932 ± 0.006	0.132 ± 0.011	0.124 ± 0.010	—	0.565 ± 0.027	0.939 ± 0.005	0.513 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.762	0.762 ± 0.002	0.799 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.324 ± 0.019	0.393 ± 0.011	0.597 ± 0.008	0.606 ± 0.007	0.962 ± 0.000	0.932 ± 0.005	0.954 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.746 ± 0.002	0.849 ± 0.003	0.877 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.746 ± 0.005	0.829 ± 0.005	0.844 ± 0.005	n/a	0.742 ± 0.003	0.783 ± 0.005	0.525 ± 0.002	0.754 ± 0.003	5	34569	—	9.5m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.761	0.761 ± 0.006	0.567 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	0.639 ± 0.029	0.582 ± 0.039	0.958 ± 0.003	0.959 ± 0.004	0.969 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.784 ± 0.005	0.952 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.951 ± 0.001	0.930 ± 0.006	0.144 ± 0.005	0.099 ± 0.011	n/a	0.550 ± 0.044	0.938 ± 0.005	0.510 ± 0.004	0.734 ± 0.006	5	34500	533k	20.5m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.751	0.751 ± 0.042	0.750 ± 0.181	n/a	n/a	0.582 ± 0.027	0.155 ± 0.148	0.628 ± 0.029	0.565 ± 0.052	0.990 ± 0.007	0.979 ± 0.008	0.991 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.738 ± 0.034	0.964 ± 0.046	n/a	n/a	0.837 ± 0.091	0.901 ± 0.048	0.222 ± 0.277	0.300 ± 0.186	n/a	0.077 ± 0.144	0.820 ± 0.182	0.452 ± 0.034	0.650 ± 0.049	5	25323	71k	10.0m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.730	0.730 ± 0.030	0.570 ± 0.055	n/a	n/a	0.519 ± 0.086	0.268 ± 0.241	0.603 ± 0.032	0.555 ± 0.035	0.981 ± 0.006	0.962 ± 0.009	0.982 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.647 ± 0.014	0.950 ± 0.056	n/a	0.916 ± 0.106	0.533 ± 0.073	0.801 ± 0.070	0.017 ± 0.036	0.008 ± 0.014	n/a	0.159 ± 0.250	0.739 ± 0.159	0.423 ± 0.022	0.573 ± 0.029	5	56005	94k	19.6m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.706	0.706 ± 0.015	0.562 ± 0.013	n/a	n/a	0.604 ± 0.044	0.011 ± 0.031	0.650 ± 0.025	0.543 ± 0.068	0.984 ± 0.007	0.991 ± 0.003	0.986 ± 0.006	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.658 ± 0.013	0.717 ± 0.257	n/a	0.920 ± 0.066	0.769 ± 0.130	0.671 ± 0.031	0.000 ± 0.000	0.061 ± 0.092	n/a	0.089 ± 0.229	0.825 ± 0.024	0.412 ± 0.007	0.558 ± 0.010	5	56005	97k	20.3m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.702	0.702 ± 0.011	0.555 ± 0.011	0.170 ± 0.181	0.231 ± 0.134	0.440 ± 0.017	0.227 ± 0.146	0.698 ± 0.036	0.654 ± 0.042	0.982 ± 0.006	0.982 ± 0.005	0.985 ± 0.003	n/a	0.246 ± 0.121	0.878 ± 0.051	0.546 ± 0.004	0.952 ± 0.021	n/a	0.817 ± 0.141	0.726 ± 0.070	0.596 ± 0.041	0.472 ± 0.050	0.706 ± 0.055	0.768 ± 0.072	0.008 ± 0.000	0.747 ± 0.040	0.558 ± 0.018	0.583 ± 0.019	5	103707	127k	37.9m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.698	0.698 ± 0.031	0.515 ± 0.005	0.164 ± 0.128	0.174 ± 0.194	0.327 ± 0.138	0.083 ± 0.066	0.575 ± 0.013	0.490 ± 0.029	0.964 ± 0.008	0.939 ± 0.012	0.969 ± 0.006	n/a	0.462 ± 0.068	0.902 ± 0.065	0.565 ± 0.043	0.854 ± 0.102	n/a	0.482 ± 0.121	0.461 ± 0.068	0.800 ± 0.103	0.647 ± 0.049	0.825 ± 0.070	0.802 ± 0.079	0.039 ± 0.070	0.352 ± 0.149	0.517 ± 0.030	0.541 ± 0.031	5	103707	120k	40.6m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.676	0.676 ± 0.014	0.661 ± 0.119	n/a	n/a	0.422 ± 0.044	0.271 ± 0.138	0.571 ± 0.052	0.592 ± 0.053	0.966 ± 0.003	0.962 ± 0.004	0.968 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.779 ± 0.022	0.948 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.901 ± 0.019	0.840 ± 0.019	0.284 ± 0.180	0.367 ± 0.190	n/a	0.160 ± 0.137	0.809 ± 0.039	0.458 ± 0.014	0.658 ± 0.020	5	34500	71k	10.0m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.675	0.675 ± 0.010	0.660 ± 0.114	—	—	0.432 ± 0.063	0.273 ± 0.124	0.537 ± 0.058	0.555 ± 0.058	0.964 ± 0.004	0.956 ± 0.006	0.966 ± 0.003	0.688 ± 0.274	—	—	0.789 ± 0.027	0.948 ± 0.002	—	—	0.901 ± 0.021	0.843 ± 0.021	0.300 ± 0.160	0.390 ± 0.185	—	0.173 ± 0.142	0.801 ± 0.052	0.457 ± 0.009	—	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.675	0.675 ± 0.013	0.465 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.389 ± 0.056	0.414 ± 0.149	0.565 ± 0.046	0.565 ± 0.033	0.962 ± 0.003	0.954 ± 0.007	0.964 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.691 ± 0.007	0.943 ± 0.005	n/a	0.921 ± 0.017	0.896 ± 0.011	0.812 ± 0.010	0.127 ± 0.007	0.114 ± 0.013	n/a	0.308 ± 0.120	0.827 ± 0.027	0.464 ± 0.011	0.628 ± 0.015	5	33672	94k	19.6m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.674	0.674 ± 0.011	0.465 ± 0.009	—	—	0.393 ± 0.088	0.413 ± 0.115	0.570 ± 0.032	0.572 ± 0.022	0.961 ± 0.002	0.945 ± 0.006	0.960 ± 0.004	0.219 ± 0.019	—	—	0.687 ± 0.009	0.945 ± 0.001	—	0.923 ± 0.019	0.897 ± 0.013	0.812 ± 0.006	0.119 ± 0.019	0.123 ± 0.015	—	0.301 ± 0.104	0.823 ± 0.023	0.464 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.670	0.670 ± 0.092	0.672 ± 0.195	0.119 ± 0.160	0.214 ± 0.290	0.192 ± 0.128	0.189 ± 0.169	0.824 ± 0.067	0.806 ± 0.081	0.971 ± 0.009	0.976 ± 0.010	0.977 ± 0.008	n/a	0.152 ± 0.213	0.876 ± 0.032	0.537 ± 0.075	0.964 ± 0.046	n/a	0.807 ± 0.210	0.645 ± 0.270	0.697 ± 0.233	0.510 ± 0.283	0.603 ± 0.122	0.716 ± 0.159	0.002 ± 0.005	0.630 ± 0.272	0.553 ± 0.112	0.578 ± 0.117	5	103707	605k	15.6m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.669	0.669 ± 0.063	0.558 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.160 ± 0.272	0.283 ± 0.231	0.630 ± 0.047	0.546 ± 0.104	0.992 ± 0.004	0.993 ± 0.003	0.993 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.730 ± 0.014	0.965 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.844 ± 0.079	0.728 ± 0.016	0.000 ± 0.000	0.072 ± 0.200	n/a	0.007 ± 0.000	0.837 ± 0.050	0.382 ± 0.034	0.549 ± 0.049	5	25323	70k	9.4m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.654	0.654 ± 0.011	0.430 ± 0.009	—	—	0.360 ± 0.053	0.253 ± 0.040	0.625 ± 0.071	0.641 ± 0.046	0.966 ± 0.002	0.965 ± 0.003	0.967 ± 0.002	0.115 ± 0.011	—	—	0.709 ± 0.008	0.941 ± 0.006	—	0.824 ± 0.026	0.789 ± 0.034	0.689 ± 0.011	0.106 ± 0.009	0.126 ± 0.010	—	0.117 ± 0.011	0.832 ± 0.020	0.436 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.654	0.654 ± 0.011	0.430 ± 0.009	n/a	n/a	0.369 ± 0.021	0.331 ± 0.049	0.595 ± 0.061	0.616 ± 0.043	0.965 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.005	0.966 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.719 ± 0.011	0.941 ± 0.005	n/a	0.827 ± 0.025	0.793 ± 0.032	0.693 ± 0.003	0.093 ± 0.011	0.115 ± 0.019	n/a	0.122 ± 0.006	0.835 ± 0.023	0.438 ± 0.007	0.592 ± 0.009	5	33672	97k	20.3m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.646	0.646 ± 0.008	0.476 ± 0.007	0.119 ± 0.014	0.207 ± 0.032	0.256 ± 0.036	0.117 ± 0.032	0.606 ± 0.018	0.569 ± 0.014	0.933 ± 0.011	0.904 ± 0.011	0.931 ± 0.007	0.380 ± 0.014	0.388 ± 0.046	0.851 ± 0.012	0.563 ± 0.021	0.936 ± 0.011	—	0.948 ± 0.003	0.883 ± 0.017	0.756 ± 0.055	0.651 ± 0.049	0.765 ± 0.015	0.769 ± 0.021	0.107 ± 0.010	0.715 ± 0.026	0.581 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.640	0.640 ± 0.009	0.472 ± 0.003	0.117 ± 0.018	0.188 ± 0.027	0.233 ± 0.031	0.132 ± 0.022	0.576 ± 0.015	0.542 ± 0.011	0.919 ± 0.007	0.888 ± 0.012	0.930 ± 0.008	n/a	0.380 ± 0.029	0.883 ± 0.012	0.554 ± 0.023	0.929 ± 0.007	n/a	0.944 ± 0.003	0.877 ± 0.020	0.766 ± 0.042	0.604 ± 0.049	0.778 ± 0.017	0.756 ± 0.015	0.106 ± 0.007	0.776 ± 0.028	0.576 ± 0.009	0.603 ± 0.009	5	34178	120k	40.6m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.640	0.640 ± 0.024	0.495 ± 0.032	n/a	n/a	0.196 ± 0.021	0.133 ± 0.038	0.491 ± 0.038	0.522 ± 0.036	0.956 ± 0.005	0.950 ± 0.008	0.962 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.383 ± 0.070	0.852 ± 0.033	0.863 ± 0.056	n/a	n/a	0.580 ± 0.073	0.504 ± 0.069	0.832 ± 0.058	n/a	0.123 ± 0.036	0.668 ± 0.049	0.408 ± 0.017	0.587 ± 0.024	5	34569	747k	39.2m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.640	0.640 ± 0.020	0.497 ± 0.030	—	—	0.156 ± 0.016	0.166 ± 0.037	0.461 ± 0.052	0.518 ± 0.043	0.950 ± 0.007	0.951 ± 0.006	0.958 ± 0.004	0.380 ± 0.087	—	—	0.386 ± 0.078	0.866 ± 0.028	0.867 ± 0.052	—	—	0.591 ± 0.085	0.517 ± 0.061	0.805 ± 0.057	—	0.127 ± 0.025	0.692 ± 0.027	0.408 ± 0.016	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.639	0.639 ± 0.010	0.403 ± 0.007	0.227 ± 0.042	0.320 ± 0.022	0.313 ± 0.027	0.227 ± 0.029	0.736 ± 0.033	0.731 ± 0.028	0.944 ± 0.004	0.951 ± 0.003	0.946 ± 0.002	0.104 ± 0.006	0.258 ± 0.082	0.888 ± 0.010	0.534 ± 0.029	0.934 ± 0.006	—	0.939 ± 0.003	0.844 ± 0.009	0.574 ± 0.013	0.397 ± 0.044	0.576 ± 0.034	0.562 ± 0.029	0.093 ± 0.007	0.755 ± 0.007	0.559 ± 0.012	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.635	0.635 ± 0.037	0.436 ± 0.024	—	—	0.342 ± 0.051	0.285 ± 0.072	0.558 ± 0.083	0.583 ± 0.083	0.968 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.166 ± 0.004	—	—	0.771 ± 0.004	0.936 ± 0.003	—	—	0.861 ± 0.013	0.704 ± 0.008	0.124 ± 0.009	0.180 ± 0.182	—	0.079 ± 0.033	0.823 ± 0.021	0.405 ± 0.021	—	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.632	0.632 ± 0.011	0.398 ± 0.008	0.199 ± 0.033	0.294 ± 0.043	0.269 ± 0.031	0.215 ± 0.025	0.723 ± 0.035	0.733 ± 0.042	0.923 ± 0.014	0.927 ± 0.004	0.937 ± 0.006	n/a	0.278 ± 0.085	0.900 ± 0.019	0.539 ± 0.019	0.931 ± 0.012	n/a	0.941 ± 0.004	0.857 ± 0.007	0.557 ± 0.016	0.387 ± 0.061	0.597 ± 0.021	0.524 ± 0.024	0.092 ± 0.009	0.790 ± 0.015	0.553 ± 0.012	0.578 ± 0.013	5	34178	127k	37.9m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.630	0.630 ± 0.033	0.433 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.359 ± 0.006	0.215 ± 0.063	0.565 ± 0.059	0.598 ± 0.073	0.969 ± 0.000	0.968 ± 0.000	0.969 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.764 ± 0.005	0.937 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.855 ± 0.014	0.706 ± 0.009	0.115 ± 0.013	0.167 ± 0.174	n/a	0.093 ± 0.033	0.818 ± 0.024	0.403 ± 0.018	0.579 ± 0.025	5	34500	70k	9.4m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.627	0.627 ± 0.003	0.450 ± 0.008	—	—	0.099 ± 0.011	0.175 ± 0.003	0.363 ± 0.015	0.573 ± 0.010	0.844 ± 0.012	0.895 ± 0.006	0.948 ± 0.003	0.244 ± 0.024	—	—	0.629 ± 0.012	0.827 ± 0.009	0.816 ± 0.012	—	—	0.548 ± 0.020	0.749 ± 0.011	0.811 ± 0.010	—	0.279 ± 0.024	0.495 ± 0.006	0.404 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.623	0.623 ± 0.090	0.484 ± 0.210	0.209 ± 0.120	0.291 ± 0.127	0.294 ± 0.102	0.241 ± 0.104	0.833 ± 0.068	0.813 ± 0.078	0.942 ± 0.008	0.931 ± 0.020	0.937 ± 0.014	0.328 ± 0.395	0.248 ± 0.230	0.871 ± 0.041	0.552 ± 0.153	0.941 ± 0.006	—	0.950 ± 0.004	0.837 ± 0.075	0.605 ± 0.175	0.391 ± 0.323	0.596 ± 0.155	0.531 ± 0.096	0.071 ± 0.126	0.763 ± 0.107	0.573 ± 0.097	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.616	0.616 ± 0.003	0.441 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.133 ± 0.019	0.167 ± 0.003	0.262 ± 0.013	0.566 ± 0.010	0.852 ± 0.010	0.896 ± 0.006	0.957 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.619 ± 0.012	0.820 ± 0.003	0.779 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	0.493 ± 0.024	0.729 ± 0.013	0.778 ± 0.006	n/a	0.281 ± 0.028	0.472 ± 0.020	0.393 ± 0.002	0.565 ± 0.003	5	34569	103.4M	1.8h
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.613	0.613 ± 0.091	0.478 ± 0.209	0.164 ± 0.097	0.284 ± 0.107	0.253 ± 0.116	0.213 ± 0.108	0.818 ± 0.081	0.817 ± 0.080	0.909 ± 0.013	0.906 ± 0.029	0.925 ± 0.017	n/a	0.248 ± 0.225	0.876 ± 0.033	0.534 ± 0.134	0.941 ± 0.012	n/a	0.948 ± 0.004	0.849 ± 0.066	0.583 ± 0.190	0.424 ± 0.303	0.578 ± 0.157	0.505 ± 0.084	0.082 ± 0.133	0.781 ± 0.087	0.564 ± 0.095	0.590 ± 0.099	5	34178	605k	15.6m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.598	0.598 ± 0.035	0.451 ± 0.054	—	—	0.128 ± 0.031	0.137 ± 0.045	0.474 ± 0.030	0.475 ± 0.042	0.852 ± 0.037	0.845 ± 0.036	0.909 ± 0.019	0.307 ± 0.142	—	—	0.527 ± 0.029	0.781 ± 0.092	0.751 ± 0.069	—	—	0.553 ± 0.085	0.663 ± 0.068	0.677 ± 0.042	—	0.217 ± 0.034	0.425 ± 0.188	0.379 ± 0.029	—	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.592	0.592 ± 0.037	0.446 ± 0.053	n/a	n/a	0.144 ± 0.019	0.124 ± 0.047	0.451 ± 0.050	0.474 ± 0.034	0.861 ± 0.032	0.835 ± 0.028	0.916 ± 0.014	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.524 ± 0.040	0.746 ± 0.102	0.731 ± 0.068	n/a	n/a	0.559 ± 0.101	0.650 ± 0.075	0.688 ± 0.037	n/a	0.216 ± 0.024	0.396 ± 0.174	0.375 ± 0.032	0.539 ± 0.045	5	34569	214k	1.3h
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	0.586	0.586 ± 0.015	0.387 ± 0.019	—	—	0.118 ± 0.044	0.157 ± 0.032	0.471 ± 0.023	0.498 ± 0.029	0.933 ± 0.017	0.923 ± 0.018	0.954 ± 0.005	0.071 ± 0.066	—	—	0.326 ± 0.058	0.804 ± 0.032	0.624 ± 0.020	—	—	0.466 ± 0.079	0.516 ± 0.020	0.544 ± 0.032	—	0.122 ± 0.014	0.614 ± 0.027	0.354 ± 0.007	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.584	0.584 ± 0.020	0.527 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.533 ± 0.033	0.481 ± 0.045	0.986 ± 0.002	0.983 ± 0.001	0.990 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.583 ± 0.005	0.989 ± 0.009	n/a	0.649 ± 0.112	0.715 ± 0.027	0.842 ± 0.007	0.000 ± 0.000	0.028 ± 0.062	n/a	0.131 ± 0.307	0.007 ± 0.001	0.344 ± 0.014	0.466 ± 0.019	5	56005	26.7M	20.4m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.582	0.582 ± 0.017	0.383 ± 0.022	n/a	n/a	0.139 ± 0.024	0.132 ± 0.041	0.451 ± 0.036	0.478 ± 0.047	0.931 ± 0.015	0.916 ± 0.019	0.957 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.333 ± 0.054	0.775 ± 0.029	0.619 ± 0.016	n/a	n/a	0.461 ± 0.091	0.527 ± 0.028	0.556 ± 0.044	n/a	0.124 ± 0.025	0.583 ± 0.050	0.350 ± 0.008	0.503 ± 0.012	5	34569	237k	46.2m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.573	0.573 ± 0.013	0.533 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.548 ± 0.014	0.491 ± 0.021	0.995 ± 0.001	0.992 ± 0.002	1.000 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.604 ± 0.012	1.000 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.849 ± 0.015	0.791 ± 0.044	0.003 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.009 ± 0.009	0.154 ± 0.403	0.323 ± 0.017	0.465 ± 0.024	5	25323	12.0M	9.7m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.568	0.568 ± 0.002	0.614 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.129 ± 0.009	0.105 ± 0.009	0.603 ± 0.007	0.590 ± 0.006	0.945 ± 0.003	0.924 ± 0.003	0.952 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.708 ± 0.006	0.899 ± 0.005	n/a	n/a	0.634 ± 0.004	0.494 ± 0.002	0.058 ± 0.005	0.079 ± 0.009	n/a	0.017 ± 0.003	0.756 ± 0.010	0.372 ± 0.001	0.534 ± 0.002	5	34500	—	1.3m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.562	0.562 ± 0.001	0.616 ± 0.001	—	—	0.151 ± 0.007	0.108 ± 0.015	0.593 ± 0.006	0.588 ± 0.012	0.953 ± 0.002	0.935 ± 0.002	0.942 ± 0.002	0.664 ± 0.002	—	—	0.702 ± 0.004	0.899 ± 0.002	—	—	0.618 ± 0.004	0.479 ± 0.007	0.015 ± 0.003	0.063 ± 0.005	—	0.016 ± 0.006	0.747 ± 0.008	0.368 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.556	0.556 ± 0.002	0.362 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.156 ± 0.017	0.041 ± 0.031	0.469 ± 0.042	0.534 ± 0.040	0.966 ± 0.001	0.958 ± 0.002	0.966 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.634 ± 0.002	0.943 ± 0.003	n/a	0.765 ± 0.006	0.786 ± 0.003	0.761 ± 0.003	0.058 ± 0.039	0.108 ± 0.006	n/a	0.107 ± 0.007	0.117 ± 0.033	0.367 ± 0.003	0.497 ± 0.004	5	33672	26.7M	20.4m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.553	0.553 ± 0.018	0.809 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.059 ± 0.066	0.008 ± 0.013	0.594 ± 0.003	0.331 ± 0.028	0.949 ± 0.003	0.866 ± 0.004	0.966 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.475 ± 0.061	0.192 ± 0.006	0.643 ± 0.042	n/a	n/a	0.634 ± 0.029	0.191 ± 0.064	0.586 ± 0.093	n/a	0.067 ± 0.071	0.003 ± 0.005	0.327 ± 0.009	0.470 ± 0.013	5	223284	—	9.5m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.547	0.547 ± 0.006	0.357 ± 0.004	—	—	0.123 ± 0.013	0.037 ± 0.010	0.413 ± 0.057	0.483 ± 0.061	0.965 ± 0.001	0.960 ± 0.002	0.964 ± 0.001	0.080 ± 0.005	—	—	0.633 ± 0.002	0.944 ± 0.001	—	0.770 ± 0.007	0.802 ± 0.003	0.778 ± 0.005	0.060 ± 0.038	0.100 ± 0.015	—	0.101 ± 0.010	0.111 ± 0.038	0.362 ± 0.003	—	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.542	0.542 ± 0.006	0.488 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.544 ± 0.019	0.428 ± 0.029	0.978 ± 0.001	0.955 ± 0.005	0.977 ± 0.002	n/a	0.118 ± 0.106	0.392 ± 0.049	0.572 ± 0.010	0.654 ± 0.013	n/a	0.147 ± 0.011	0.426 ± 0.017	0.619 ± 0.045	0.644 ± 0.011	0.499 ± 0.022	0.685 ± 0.038	0.006 ± 0.002	0.008 ± 0.002	0.377 ± 0.008	0.394 ± 0.008	5	103707	42.9M	43.0m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.536	0.536 ± 0.004	0.364 ± 0.002	n/a	n/a	0.172 ± 0.011	0.019 ± 0.008	0.466 ± 0.007	0.541 ± 0.019	0.969 ± 0.001	0.965 ± 0.001	0.969 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.666 ± 0.005	0.943 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	0.804 ± 0.003	0.745 ± 0.015	0.105 ± 0.007	0.020 ± 0.025	n/a	0.087 ± 0.024	0.125 ± 0.018	0.335 ± 0.002	0.481 ± 0.003	5	34500	12.0M	9.7m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.523	0.523 ± 0.003	0.334 ± 0.001	0.029 ± 0.019	0.225 ± 0.010	0.025 ± 0.005	0.005 ± 0.003	0.449 ± 0.039	0.505 ± 0.041	0.945 ± 0.001	0.902 ± 0.010	0.916 ± 0.002	0.129 ± 0.002	0.152 ± 0.009	0.432 ± 0.097	0.599 ± 0.006	0.820 ± 0.009	—	0.909 ± 0.004	0.780 ± 0.009	0.662 ± 0.015	0.670 ± 0.004	0.656 ± 0.016	0.682 ± 0.011	0.067 ± 0.004	0.084 ± 0.005	0.463 ± 0.006	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.523	0.523 ± 0.002	0.650 ± 0.001	n/a	n/a	0.093 ± 0.015	0.105 ± 0.016	0.559 ± 0.009	0.584 ± 0.014	0.953 ± 0.004	0.949 ± 0.002	0.935 ± 0.003	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.678 ± 0.004	0.900 ± 0.003	n/a	0.276 ± 0.016	0.611 ± 0.002	0.461 ± 0.010	0.012 ± 0.016	0.035 ± 0.005	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.796 ± 0.006	0.376 ± 0.002	0.509 ± 0.002	5	33672	—	2.5m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.521	0.521 ± 0.002	0.334 ± 0.001	0.027 ± 0.006	0.207 ± 0.010	0.013 ± 0.002	0.005 ± 0.004	0.501 ± 0.045	0.555 ± 0.029	0.911 ± 0.004	0.915 ± 0.003	0.888 ± 0.001	n/a	0.161 ± 0.012	0.442 ± 0.096	0.578 ± 0.006	0.785 ± 0.006	n/a	0.884 ± 0.002	0.775 ± 0.006	0.662 ± 0.010	0.673 ± 0.008	0.703 ± 0.021	0.666 ± 0.009	0.081 ± 0.007	0.079 ± 0.003	0.463 ± 0.006	0.484 ± 0.006	5	34178	42.9M	43.0m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	0.521	0.521 ± 0.002	0.355 ± 0.001	—	—	0.123 ± 0.015	0.042 ± 0.007	0.412 ± 0.022	0.529 ± 0.009	0.969 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.001	0.968 ± 0.001	0.102 ± 0.003	—	—	0.669 ± 0.005	0.943 ± 0.002	—	—	0.796 ± 0.003	0.747 ± 0.014	0.099 ± 0.011	0.014 ± 0.010	—	0.077 ± 0.022	0.095 ± 0.018	0.328 ± 0.001	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.520	0.520 ± 0.006	0.812 ± 0.001	0.058 ± 0.023	0.009 ± 0.009	0.000 ± 0.000	0.032 ± 0.037	0.612 ± 0.005	0.497 ± 0.004	0.941 ± 0.002	0.938 ± 0.002	0.947 ± 0.001	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.739 ± 0.036	0.493 ± 0.021	0.970 ± 0.015	n/a	0.207 ± 0.011	0.367 ± 0.019	0.356 ± 0.012	0.215 ± 0.061	0.282 ± 0.020	0.651 ± 0.028	0.000 ± 0.000	0.173 ± 0.035	0.409 ± 0.005	0.428 ± 0.006	5	103707	—	6.1m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	0.518	0.518 ± 0.002	0.651 ± 0.002	—	—	0.081 ± 0.014	0.058 ± 0.010	0.582 ± 0.011	0.587 ± 0.002	0.960 ± 0.001	0.933 ± 0.001	0.937 ± 0.003	0.712 ± 0.002	—	—	0.666 ± 0.007	0.924 ± 0.002	—	0.315 ± 0.020	0.623 ± 0.007	0.411 ± 0.009	0.000 ± 0.000	0.020 ± 0.000	—	0.019 ± 0.014	0.785 ± 0.003	0.374 ± 0.002	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	0.464	0.464 ± 0.003	0.632 ± 0.001	0.083 ± 0.007	0.056 ± 0.022	0.130 ± 0.010	0.154 ± 0.021	0.512 ± 0.006	0.475 ± 0.008	0.913 ± 0.005	0.874 ± 0.005	0.887 ± 0.006	0.737 ± 0.002	0.029 ± 0.002	0.813 ± 0.015	0.502 ± 0.011	0.920 ± 0.008	—	0.838 ± 0.016	0.770 ± 0.003	0.456 ± 0.013	0.188 ± 0.011	0.214 ± 0.023	0.336 ± 0.005	0.000 ± 0.000	0.564 ± 0.031	0.454 ± 0.004	—	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.455	0.455 ± 0.005	0.630 ± 0.004	0.038 ± 0.013	0.074 ± 0.010	0.062 ± 0.014	0.144 ± 0.015	0.543 ± 0.017	0.563 ± 0.018	0.908 ± 0.004	0.873 ± 0.008	0.874 ± 0.005	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.813 ± 0.007	0.450 ± 0.012	0.907 ± 0.008	n/a	0.851 ± 0.006	0.797 ± 0.003	0.431 ± 0.015	0.217 ± 0.013	0.222 ± 0.017	0.287 ± 0.011	0.005 ± 0.014	0.495 ± 0.022	0.447 ± 0.005	0.468 ± 0.005	5	34178	—	6.1m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.283	0.283 ± 0.045	0.461 ± 0.101	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.541 ± 0.048	0.137 ± 0.075	0.825 ± 0.076	0.737 ± 0.066	0.822 ± 0.100	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.183 ± 0.174	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.006 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.151 ± 0.026	0.217 ± 0.038	5	223284	747k	39.2m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.262	0.262 ± 0.007	0.420 ± 0.040	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.349 ± 0.046	0.136 ± 0.086	0.749 ± 0.040	0.579 ± 0.024	0.924 ± 0.008	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.116 ± 0.040	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.008 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.131 ± 0.005	0.188 ± 0.007	5	223284	103.4M	1.8h
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.227	0.227 ± 0.006	0.340 ± 0.007	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.591 ± 0.005	0.099 ± 0.029	0.392 ± 0.044	0.688 ± 0.012	0.839 ± 0.011	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.001 ± 0.000	0.728 ± 0.074	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.116 ± 0.062	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.150 ± 0.006	0.204 ± 0.008	5	56005	—	2.5m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.226	0.226 ± 0.011	0.350 ± 0.012	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.473 ± 0.040	0.109 ± 0.031	0.754 ± 0.039	0.601 ± 0.082	0.820 ± 0.040	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.014 ± 0.022	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.005 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.121 ± 0.007	0.174 ± 0.010	5	223284	237k	46.2m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.220	0.220 ± 0.009	0.284 ± 0.023	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.523 ± 0.006	0.172 ± 0.011	0.032 ± 0.020	0.626 ± 0.005	0.748 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.002 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.010	n/a	n/a	0.060 ± 0.098	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.138 ± 0.005	0.198 ± 0.007	5	25323	—	1.3m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.219	0.219 ± 0.016	0.317 ± 0.029	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.369 ± 0.042	0.191 ± 0.109	0.603 ± 0.110	0.517 ± 0.079	0.799 ± 0.043	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.007 ± 0.011	0.004 ± 0.004	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.005 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.108 ± 0.012	0.156 ± 0.017	5	223284	214k	1.3h
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	0.062	0.062 ± 0.000	0.320 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.021 ± 0.000	0.030 ± 0.000	5	25323	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	0.062	0.062 ± 0.000	0.407 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.025 ± 0.000	0.036 ± 0.000	5	34500	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	0.062	0.062 ± 0.000	0.320 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.021 ± 0.000	0.030 ± 0.000	5	223284	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	0.062	0.062 ± 0.000	0.406 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.025 ± 0.000	0.036 ± 0.000	5	34569	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.059	0.059 ± 0.000	0.319 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.021 ± 0.000	0.028 ± 0.000	5	56005	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	0.059	0.059 ± 0.000	0.415 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.025 ± 0.000	0.034 ± 0.000	5	33672	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	0.045	0.045 ± 0.000	0.323 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.021 ± 0.000	0.022 ± 0.000	5	103707	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	0.045	0.045 ± 0.000	0.414 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	n/a	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.025 ± 0.000	0.027 ± 0.000	5	34178	—	0s

fault_location_global

fault_location_global — ranked by mae
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	mae	mae	median_abs_error	r2	rmse	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	5.102	5.102 ± 0.715	3.745 ± 0.622	0.961 ± 0.010	7.080 ± 0.895	5	14640	68k	1.4m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	6.296	6.296 ± 0.269	4.493 ± 0.225	0.942 ± 0.005	8.701 ± 0.374	5	14640	12.0M	3.0m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	6.538	6.538 ± 0.115	4.581 ± 0.236	0.931 ± 0.003	9.471 ± 0.182	5	32940	26.7M	6.5m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	7.804	7.804 ± 0.638	5.735 ± 0.447	0.914 ± 0.014	10.579 ± 0.851	5	32940	92k	2.3m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	8.267	8.267 ± 1.416	5.477 ± 0.860	0.894 ± 0.037	11.622 ± 2.101	5	14640	530k	3.8m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	10.106	10.106 ± 0.327	5.546 ± 0.307	0.831 ± 0.011	14.818 ± 0.488	5	14640	67k	1.7m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	11.585	11.585 ± 0.441	7.049 ± 0.293	0.795 ± 0.013	16.314 ± 0.512	5	32940	94k	3.2m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	12.354	12.354 ± 0.641	8.104 ± 0.804	0.774 ± 0.018	17.127 ± 0.703	5	32940	564k	2.6m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	15.869	15.869 ± 0.359	9.315 ± 0.503	0.384 ± 0.014	22.059 ± 0.247	5	11673	68k	1.4m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	16.115	16.115 ± 0.031	9.997 ± 0.276	0.375 ± 0.003	22.250 ± 0.049	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	16.271	16.271 ± 0.257	10.471 ± 0.752	0.371 ± 0.011	22.329 ± 0.189	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	16.338	16.338 ± 0.125	10.005 ± 0.306	0.366 ± 0.001	22.377 ± 0.022	5	11673	12.0M	3.0m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	16.535	16.535 ± 0.330	9.759 ± 0.649	0.360 ± 0.011	22.915 ± 0.194	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	16.919	16.919 ± 0.128	10.240 ± 0.374	0.343 ± 0.001	23.224 ± 0.024	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	16.994	16.994 ± 0.043	11.204 ± 0.069	0.332 ± 0.002	23.027 ± 0.031	5	10637	26.7M	6.5m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	17.359	17.359 ± 0.181	11.521 ± 0.584	0.311 ± 0.026	23.379 ± 0.433	5	10637	92k	2.3m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	17.445	17.445 ± 0.256	12.803 ± 0.935	0.326 ± 0.009	23.071 ± 0.161	5	11673	530k	3.8m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	17.752	17.752 ± 0.102	13.516 ± 0.277	0.325 ± 0.008	23.128 ± 0.133	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	17.771	17.771 ± 0.093	13.803 ± 0.173	0.326 ± 0.009	23.080 ± 0.158	5	11673	67k	1.7m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	17.824	17.824 ± 0.092	14.158 ± 0.273	0.590 ± 0.004	23.086 ± 0.114	5	14640	—	4.8m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	17.914	17.914 ± 0.432	12.945 ± 1.189	0.313 ± 0.013	23.734 ± 0.230	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	18.040	18.040 ± 0.156	14.110 ± 0.426	0.320 ± 0.008	23.208 ± 0.141	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	18.397	18.397 ± 0.108	14.145 ± 0.322	0.302 ± 0.005	23.931 ± 0.082	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	18.590	18.590 ± 0.215	14.654 ± 0.503	0.276 ± 0.008	23.974 ± 0.137	5	10637	94k	3.2m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	18.794	18.794 ± 0.250	14.893 ± 0.329	0.276 ± 0.014	23.979 ± 0.225	5	10637	564k	2.6m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	18.868	18.868 ± 0.943	13.841 ± 1.542	0.482 ± 0.028	25.599 ± 0.692	5	56340	42.9M	9.6m
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	19.521	19.521 ± 0.995	15.037 ± 1.478	0.477 ± 0.034	25.709 ± 0.835	5	56340	124k	3.4m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	19.776	19.776 ± 0.039	15.629 ± 0.213	0.171 ± 0.002	25.598 ± 0.024	5	11673	—	4.8m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	19.938	19.938 ± 0.077	15.516 ± 0.212	0.198 ± 0.006	25.647 ± 0.088	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	20.388	20.388 ± 2.245	16.839 ± 3.962	0.454 ± 0.076	26.257 ± 1.817	5	56340	117k	3.0m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	20.389	20.389 ± 0.724	16.614 ± 0.461	0.481 ± 0.041	25.943 ± 1.027	5	128004	103.4M	33.6m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	20.395	20.395 ± 0.105	16.152 ± 0.150	0.162 ± 0.011	25.823 ± 0.171	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	20.697	20.697 ± 0.115	17.084 ± 0.343	0.201 ± 0.003	25.814 ± 0.046	5	11928	103.4M	33.6m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	21.112	21.112 ± 2.293	18.039 ± 3.923	0.430 ± 0.086	26.827 ± 2.020	5	56340	602k	3.0m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	21.224	21.224 ± 0.204	17.787 ± 0.465	0.118 ± 0.009	26.494 ± 0.135	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	21.252	21.252 ± 0.089	19.046 ± 0.068	0.160 ± 0.004	25.801 ± 0.055	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	21.314	21.314 ± 0.403	18.144 ± 1.178	0.118 ± 0.022	26.493 ± 0.337	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	21.447	21.447 ± 0.374	18.383 ± 0.636	0.157 ± 0.019	26.522 ± 0.290	5	11928	234k	12.9m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	21.762	21.762 ± 3.878	17.686 ± 2.482	0.366 ± 0.292	28.369 ± 6.023	5	128004	744k	9.1m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	21.816	21.816 ± 0.698	18.996 ± 1.732	0.143 ± 0.027	26.746 ± 0.427	5	11928	744k	9.1m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	21.830	21.830 ± 0.072	19.205 ± 0.068	0.109 ± 0.005	26.604 ± 0.075	5	10637	—	12.6m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	21.960	21.960 ± 0.175	19.368 ± 0.361	0.102 ± 0.003	26.745 ± 0.051	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	22.023	22.023 ± 0.253	19.476 ± 0.312	0.095 ± 0.010	26.838 ± 0.146	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	22.196	22.196 ± 0.031	19.994 ± 0.261	0.059 ± 0.009	27.029 ± 0.134	5	10844	42.9M	9.6m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	22.198	22.198 ± 0.435	19.649 ± 0.881	0.087 ± 0.017	26.960 ± 0.257	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	22.345	22.345 ± 0.302	20.177 ± 0.129	0.049 ± 0.024	27.166 ± 0.347	5	10844	124k	3.4m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	22.443	22.443 ± 0.353	20.196 ± 0.713	0.073 ± 0.012	27.161 ± 0.172	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	22.588	22.588 ± 0.436	20.094 ± 1.012	0.065 ± 0.016	27.281 ± 0.240	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	22.648	22.648 ± 0.381	20.866 ± 0.609	0.034 ± 0.020	27.382 ± 0.289	5	10844	117k	3.0m
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	22.857	22.857 ± 0.448	20.882 ± 0.573	0.025 ± 0.025	27.514 ± 0.347	5	10844	602k	3.0m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	23.203	23.203 ± 0.385	21.244 ± 1.074	0.079 ± 0.012	27.718 ± 0.184	5	11928	211k	9.4m
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.915	23.915 ± 0.000	23.099 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	27.860 ± 0.000	5	10844	—	0s
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	23.947	23.947 ± 0.088	23.119 ± 0.054	0.340 ± 0.004	29.280 ± 0.078	5	32940	—	12.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.131	24.131 ± 0.047	23.292 ± 0.188	-0.038 ± 0.005	28.385 ± 0.068	5	10844	—	12.6m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	24.339	24.339 ± 0.076	23.575 ± 0.131	-0.014 ± 0.007	28.404 ± 0.102	5	—	—	—
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.378	24.378 ± 0.000	24.155 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	28.177 ± 0.000	5	10637	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	24.416	24.416 ± 0.000	24.513 ± 0.000	-0.001 ± 0.000	28.125 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	0s
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	24.659	24.659 ± 0.057	24.789 ± 0.165	0.015 ± 0.004	28.664 ± 0.051	5	11928	—	1.3h
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.772	24.772 ± 0.070	23.718 ± 0.204	-0.061 ± 0.004	29.060 ± 0.051	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	24.926	24.926 ± 1.094	23.402 ± 1.741	0.322 ± 0.045	29.673 ± 0.985	5	128004	211k	9.4m
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	25.224	25.224 ± 0.000	25.610 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	28.888 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	0s
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	27.133	27.133 ± 4.908	22.746 ± 5.056	-0.028 ± 0.326	36.281 ± 6.039	5	128004	234k	12.9m
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	29.816	29.816 ± 0.039	30.681 ± 0.063	0.078 ± 0.001	34.613 ± 0.015	5	128004	—	1.3h
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.351	30.351 ± 0.000	30.274 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	35.576 ± 0.000	5	56340	—	0s
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.481	30.481 ± 0.083	31.993 ± 0.143	0.016 ± 0.003	35.294 ± 0.058	5	56340	—	12.6m
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	31.094	31.094 ± 0.000	30.056 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	36.038 ± 0.000	5	14640	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	31.129	31.129 ± 0.000	30.221 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	36.039 ± 0.000	5	128004	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.168	31.168 ± 0.000	30.402 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	36.040 ± 0.000	5	32940	—	0s

fault_location_line

fault_location_line — ranked by mae
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	mae	mae	median_abs_error	r2	rmse	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	5.179	5.179 ± 0.243	4.131 ± 0.150	0.965 ± 0.003	6.698 ± 0.339	5	14640	3.1M	1.1m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	6.248	6.248 ± 0.522	5.008 ± 0.288	0.947 ± 0.010	8.243 ± 0.798	5	14640	55k	46s
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	6.415	6.415 ± 0.903	5.023 ± 0.716	0.942 ± 0.015	8.617 ± 1.130	5	32940	55k	1.0m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	6.545	6.545 ± 0.540	5.103 ± 0.570	0.940 ± 0.008	8.846 ± 0.579	5	32940	3.1M	59s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	7.925	7.925 ± 0.456	5.780 ± 0.637	0.907 ± 0.009	10.983 ± 0.537	5	14640	51k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	8.075	8.075 ± 0.601	5.952 ± 0.586	0.904 ± 0.012	11.164 ± 0.704	5	14640	51k	53s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	8.333	8.333 ± 0.840	6.131 ± 0.731	0.899 ± 0.019	11.402 ± 1.137	5	14640	51k	3.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	8.348	8.348 ± 0.253	6.104 ± 0.372	0.896 ± 0.015	11.622 ± 0.837	5	14640	509k	3.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	8.382	8.382 ± 1.402	6.320 ± 1.503	0.899 ± 0.024	11.388 ± 1.379	5	14640	51k	58s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	8.400	8.400 ± 0.616	6.415 ± 0.346	0.904 ± 0.016	11.141 ± 0.968	5	14640	509k	2.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	8.423	8.423 ± 0.510	6.465 ± 0.369	0.902 ± 0.016	11.240 ± 0.942	5	14640	509k	2.3m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	8.566	8.566 ± 0.056	7.218 ± 0.121	0.907 ± 0.001	11.005 ± 0.053	5	14640	3.1M	1.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	8.585	8.585 ± 1.085	6.425 ± 1.117	0.895 ± 0.020	11.629 ± 1.175	5	14640	51k	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	8.616	8.616 ± 0.121	7.252 ± 0.156	0.906 ± 0.002	11.049 ± 0.126	5	14640	3.1M	58s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	8.653	8.653 ± 0.891	6.286 ± 0.798	0.883 ± 0.032	12.245 ± 1.659	5	14640	509k	4.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	8.704	8.704 ± 1.138	6.585 ± 1.068	0.893 ± 0.025	11.729 ± 1.359	5	14640	509k	4.3m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	8.733	8.733 ± 0.828	6.649 ± 0.734	0.895 ± 0.020	11.630 ± 1.055	5	32940	509k	3.1m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	8.809	8.809 ± 1.116	6.283 ± 0.808	0.888 ± 0.032	11.984 ± 1.616	5	14640	509k	3.7m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	8.842	8.842 ± 1.200	6.032 ± 0.558	0.883 ± 0.035	12.243 ± 1.766	5	32940	51k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	8.917	8.917 ± 1.242	6.610 ± 0.978	0.882 ± 0.033	12.296 ± 1.687	5	14640	509k	2.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	8.981	8.981 ± 0.753	7.339 ± 0.781	0.896 ± 0.014	11.619 ± 0.763	5	14640	55k	55s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	9.008	9.008 ± 1.114	6.594 ± 1.267	0.879 ± 0.017	12.521 ± 0.870	5	14640	51k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	9.225	9.225 ± 1.334	7.370 ± 1.083	0.890 ± 0.028	11.894 ± 1.574	5	14640	55k	44s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	9.239	9.239 ± 1.009	7.454 ± 1.079	0.891 ± 0.021	11.897 ± 1.081	5	14640	55k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	9.288	9.288 ± 0.802	7.528 ± 0.940	0.889 ± 0.016	12.010 ± 0.847	5	14640	55k	44s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	9.390	9.390 ± 0.466	7.986 ± 0.398	0.890 ± 0.013	11.945 ± 0.689	5	14640	3.1M	58s
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	9.396	9.396 ± 0.257	7.453 ± 0.205	0.880 ± 0.006	12.472 ± 0.328	5	128004	3.1M	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	9.439	9.439 ± 0.185	8.236 ± 0.236	0.892 ± 0.005	11.842 ± 0.252	5	14640	3.1M	1.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	9.546	9.546 ± 0.140	8.366 ± 0.203	0.890 ± 0.003	11.979 ± 0.153	5	14640	3.1M	59s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	9.558	9.558 ± 0.922	7.860 ± 0.856	0.886 ± 0.020	12.121 ± 1.059	5	14640	55k	49s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	9.577	9.577 ± 0.213	8.374 ± 0.212	0.888 ± 0.005	12.043 ± 0.288	5	14640	3.1M	58s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	9.796	9.796 ± 0.541	7.879 ± 0.660	0.879 ± 0.010	12.556 ± 0.532	5	14640	55k	54s
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	10.259	10.259 ± 0.662	8.165 ± 0.785	0.862 ± 0.012	13.373 ± 0.605	5	128004	55k	53s
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	10.421	10.421 ± 1.154	6.542 ± 1.356	0.833 ± 0.028	14.692 ± 1.222	5	14640	51k	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	11.478	11.478 ± 0.600	9.068 ± 0.682	0.829 ± 0.014	14.894 ± 0.597	5	32940	51k	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	11.495	11.495 ± 0.263	9.196 ± 0.474	0.830 ± 0.006	14.877 ± 0.276	5	32940	51k	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	11.642	11.642 ± 0.722	9.180 ± 0.630	0.822 ± 0.019	15.196 ± 0.810	5	32940	51k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	11.820	11.820 ± 0.851	9.750 ± 0.806	0.829 ± 0.021	14.872 ± 0.913	5	32940	55k	1.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	11.859	11.859 ± 0.374	9.444 ± 0.579	0.817 ± 0.009	15.399 ± 0.395	5	32940	51k	1.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	11.923	11.923 ± 0.529	9.379 ± 0.717	0.814 ± 0.012	15.520 ± 0.514	5	32940	509k	3.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	11.931	11.931 ± 0.945	10.130 ± 1.345	0.831 ± 0.019	14.810 ± 0.830	5	32940	55k	59s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	11.987	11.987 ± 0.590	9.877 ± 0.722	0.824 ± 0.016	15.121 ± 0.710	5	32940	55k	59s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	12.041	12.041 ± 0.874	9.916 ± 1.067	0.824 ± 0.019	15.111 ± 0.831	5	32940	55k	58s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	12.051	12.051 ± 0.567	9.945 ± 0.689	0.821 ± 0.014	15.236 ± 0.591	5	32940	55k	2.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	12.052	12.052 ± 0.663	9.822 ± 0.889	0.816 ± 0.015	15.473 ± 0.626	5	32940	509k	2.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	12.067	12.067 ± 0.817	9.703 ± 1.040	0.811 ± 0.018	15.657 ± 0.723	5	32940	51k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	12.095	12.095 ± 0.888	9.715 ± 0.801	0.810 ± 0.028	15.686 ± 1.157	5	32940	509k	2.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	12.125	12.125 ± 0.724	9.681 ± 0.905	0.811 ± 0.017	15.669 ± 0.691	5	32940	51k	1.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	12.184	12.184 ± 0.717	9.674 ± 0.600	0.803 ± 0.025	15.960 ± 1.033	5	32940	509k	2.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	12.431	12.431 ± 1.238	10.308 ± 1.423	0.813 ± 0.030	15.556 ± 1.227	5	32940	55k	1.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	12.432	12.432 ± 0.951	10.166 ± 0.897	0.806 ± 0.025	15.840 ± 1.038	5	32940	509k	2.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	12.554	12.554 ± 1.641	10.143 ± 1.757	0.796 ± 0.047	16.241 ± 1.870	5	32940	509k	3.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	12.624	12.624 ± 0.110	11.101 ± 0.182	0.808 ± 0.003	15.783 ± 0.119	5	32940	3.1M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	12.651	12.651 ± 0.115	11.133 ± 0.154	0.808 ± 0.003	15.793 ± 0.115	5	32940	3.1M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	12.702	12.702 ± 0.197	11.006 ± 0.245	0.799 ± 0.007	16.141 ± 0.284	5	128004	3.1M	57s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	12.849	12.849 ± 0.153	11.409 ± 0.263	0.803 ± 0.005	15.999 ± 0.215	5	32940	3.1M	1.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	12.999	12.999 ± 0.138	11.080 ± 0.169	0.790 ± 0.004	16.501 ± 0.141	5	128004	3.1M	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	13.190	13.190 ± 1.221	11.560 ± 1.303	0.786 ± 0.035	16.644 ± 1.327	5	128004	3.1M	1.2m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	13.307	13.307 ± 0.536	11.515 ± 0.642	0.782 ± 0.015	16.829 ± 0.589	5	128004	3.1M	3.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	13.413	13.413 ± 0.969	10.903 ± 0.885	0.773 ± 0.029	17.143 ± 1.082	5	128004	51k	35s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	13.439	13.439 ± 0.249	11.884 ± 0.354	0.787 ± 0.007	16.624 ± 0.265	5	32940	3.1M	2.8m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	13.451	13.451 ± 0.641	11.751 ± 0.752	0.778 ± 0.019	16.981 ± 0.710	5	128004	3.1M	55s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	13.530	13.530 ± 0.150	12.083 ± 0.224	0.784 ± 0.005	16.738 ± 0.185	5	32940	3.1M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	13.712	13.712 ± 0.203	12.210 ± 0.324	0.780 ± 0.005	16.897 ± 0.188	5	32940	3.1M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	13.722	13.722 ± 1.052	12.023 ± 1.152	0.769 ± 0.032	17.286 ± 1.160	5	128004	3.1M	54s
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	13.893	13.893 ± 0.551	10.328 ± 0.439	0.721 ± 0.029	19.018 ± 0.993	5	128004	51k	40s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	14.072	14.072 ± 0.781	11.827 ± 0.999	0.757 ± 0.020	17.746 ± 0.725	5	128004	51k	31s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	14.093	14.093 ± 1.355	11.612 ± 1.653	0.751 ± 0.037	17.954 ± 1.284	5	128004	51k	39s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	14.290	14.290 ± 0.738	12.258 ± 1.304	0.755 ± 0.020	17.828 ± 0.741	5	128004	55k	34s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	14.349	14.349 ± 0.605	12.001 ± 0.599	0.746 ± 0.021	18.166 ± 0.732	5	128004	51k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	14.359	14.359 ± 0.913	12.554 ± 1.778	0.752 ± 0.020	17.948 ± 0.740	5	128004	55k	35s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	14.379	14.379 ± 0.691	11.850 ± 0.756	0.743 ± 0.021	18.272 ± 0.761	5	128004	51k	38s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	14.436	14.436 ± 0.797	11.992 ± 1.201	0.740 ± 0.018	18.356 ± 0.619	5	128004	509k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	14.674	14.674 ± 1.034	12.881 ± 1.692	0.739 ± 0.030	18.388 ± 1.057	5	128004	55k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	14.745	14.745 ± 1.062	12.956 ± 2.316	0.739 ± 0.026	18.389 ± 0.918	5	128004	55k	37s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	14.911	14.911 ± 0.832	12.879 ± 1.038	0.731 ± 0.024	18.673 ± 0.860	5	128004	509k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	14.935	14.935 ± 1.314	12.561 ± 1.385	0.725 ± 0.040	18.880 ± 1.405	5	128004	509k	2.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	14.944	14.944 ± 1.762	12.661 ± 2.716	0.727 ± 0.050	18.779 ± 1.689	5	128004	55k	41s
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	14.992	14.992 ± 0.059	12.262 ± 0.125	0.725 ± 0.002	18.906 ± 0.074	5	14640	—	1.2m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	15.148	15.148 ± 0.344	12.774 ± 0.468	0.721 ± 0.013	19.039 ± 0.449	5	128004	55k	—
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	15.229	15.229 ± 0.959	12.125 ± 1.263	0.693 ± 0.026	19.945 ± 0.847	5	128004	509k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	15.354	15.354 ± 1.517	13.496 ± 2.241	0.717 ± 0.045	19.144 ± 1.508	5	128004	55k	40s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	15.639	15.639 ± 0.724	13.322 ± 0.960	0.703 ± 0.019	19.636 ± 0.623	5	128004	51k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	15.644	15.644 ± 1.088	13.506 ± 0.958	0.707 ± 0.040	19.496 ± 1.299	5	128004	509k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	15.940	15.940 ± 2.002	13.443 ± 2.291	0.690 ± 0.065	20.025 ± 2.065	5	128004	51k	38s
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	16.024	16.024 ± 0.085	9.880 ± 0.154	0.386 ± 0.002	22.060 ± 0.041	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	16.095	16.095 ± 0.030	9.272 ± 0.115	0.384 ± 0.001	22.070 ± 0.010	5	11673	3.1M	1.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	16.108	16.108 ± 0.756	13.922 ± 0.991	0.690 ± 0.026	20.053 ± 0.820	5	128004	509k	1.8m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	16.292	16.292 ± 0.331	10.569 ± 1.085	0.383 ± 0.006	22.099 ± 0.104	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	16.352	16.352 ± 0.627	14.229 ± 0.787	0.683 ± 0.020	20.293 ± 0.641	5	128004	51k	—
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	16.546	16.546 ± 0.127	10.569 ± 0.144	0.374 ± 0.006	22.249 ± 0.112	5	11673	55k	46s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	16.700	16.700 ± 2.226	14.604 ± 2.607	0.667 ± 0.072	20.730 ± 2.257	5	128004	509k	1.8m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	16.757	16.757 ± 0.019	9.697 ± 0.054	0.353 ± 0.000	23.041 ± 0.005	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	16.770	16.770 ± 0.872	14.569 ± 1.297	0.664 ± 0.025	20.895 ± 0.794	5	128004	509k	—
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	16.811	16.811 ± 0.379	11.645 ± 0.631	0.360 ± 0.009	22.510 ± 0.161	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	16.916	16.916 ± 0.275	12.059 ± 0.317	0.362 ± 0.009	22.481 ± 0.156	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	16.944	16.944 ± 0.362	11.872 ± 0.723	0.365 ± 0.010	22.391 ± 0.183	5	11673	51k	1.4m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	17.011	17.011 ± 0.397	14.408 ± 1.076	0.644 ± 0.009	21.493 ± 0.284	5	128004	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	17.074	17.074 ± 0.762	14.804 ± 1.082	0.654 ± 0.026	21.181 ± 0.797	5	128004	509k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	17.118	17.118 ± 0.255	12.163 ± 0.635	0.359 ± 0.010	22.508 ± 0.183	5	11673	51k	53s
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	17.141	17.141 ± 0.065	11.775 ± 0.207	0.339 ± 0.002	22.905 ± 0.031	5	10637	3.1M	59s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	17.176	17.176 ± 0.904	12.427 ± 1.676	0.359 ± 0.028	22.508 ± 0.495	5	11673	51k	58s
gru	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	17.177	17.177 ± 0.056	10.954 ± 0.367	0.348 ± 0.002	23.136 ± 0.031	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	17.199	17.199 ± 0.263	12.351 ± 0.474	0.352 ± 0.009	22.634 ± 0.160	5	11673	509k	3.7m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	17.256	17.256 ± 0.294	11.657 ± 0.614	0.331 ± 0.019	23.044 ± 0.319	5	10637	55k	1.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	17.314	17.314 ± 0.544	12.669 ± 1.086	0.353 ± 0.018	22.607 ± 0.318	5	11673	51k	1.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	17.324	17.324 ± 0.179	12.611 ± 0.609	0.353 ± 0.005	22.616 ± 0.091	5	11673	509k	2.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	17.371	17.371 ± 0.326	12.735 ± 0.709	0.348 ± 0.013	22.697 ± 0.225	5	11673	509k	3.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	17.395	17.395 ± 0.320	12.669 ± 0.663	0.345 ± 0.011	22.748 ± 0.193	5	11673	51k	3.1m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	17.408	17.408 ± 0.148	16.103 ± 0.180	0.661 ± 0.004	20.991 ± 0.135	5	128004	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	17.428	17.428 ± 0.524	12.599 ± 1.039	0.343 ± 0.017	22.783 ± 0.298	5	11673	51k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	17.456	17.456 ± 0.157	12.699 ± 0.550	0.345 ± 0.010	22.749 ± 0.173	5	11673	509k	2.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	17.505	17.505 ± 0.485	12.979 ± 1.023	0.343 ± 0.013	22.775 ± 0.225	5	11673	509k	4.3m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	17.515	17.515 ± 1.356	15.255 ± 1.731	0.629 ± 0.044	21.943 ± 1.313	5	14640	51k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	17.535	17.535 ± 0.295	14.447 ± 0.521	0.396 ± 0.016	22.021 ± 0.286	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	17.535	17.535 ± 0.516	13.084 ± 1.128	0.345 ± 0.015	22.748 ± 0.267	5	11673	509k	2.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	17.537	17.537 ± 0.567	12.747 ± 1.275	0.335 ± 0.014	22.928 ± 0.235	5	11673	509k	4.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	17.602	17.602 ± 0.226	13.765 ± 0.416	0.343 ± 0.005	22.813 ± 0.079	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	17.613	17.613 ± 1.551	16.404 ± 2.085	0.654 ± 0.044	21.173 ± 1.371	5	128004	55k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	17.653	17.653 ± 0.233	13.747 ± 0.300	0.343 ± 0.006	22.817 ± 0.102	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	17.659	17.659 ± 0.165	16.349 ± 0.238	0.652 ± 0.005	21.250 ± 0.140	5	128004	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	17.669	17.669 ± 0.237	12.255 ± 0.621	0.325 ± 0.002	23.539 ± 0.038	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	17.674	17.674 ± 0.284	14.043 ± 0.324	0.340 ± 0.006	22.872 ± 0.105	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	17.690	17.690 ± 0.382	14.282 ± 0.979	0.377 ± 0.025	22.423 ± 0.456	5	7154	51k	46s
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	17.693	17.693 ± 0.366	12.714 ± 1.063	0.313 ± 0.007	23.359 ± 0.111	5	10637	51k	1.6m
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	17.769	17.769 ± 0.108	13.083 ± 0.298	0.336 ± 0.001	22.990 ± 0.025	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	17.780	17.780 ± 0.284	14.117 ± 0.468	0.335 ± 0.009	22.949 ± 0.147	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	17.811	17.811 ± 0.330	14.227 ± 0.522	0.338 ± 0.016	22.891 ± 0.269	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	17.815	17.815 ± 0.227	12.457 ± 0.540	0.321 ± 0.008	23.596 ± 0.136	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	17.827	17.827 ± 0.425	14.346 ± 0.809	0.339 ± 0.012	22.878 ± 0.214	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	17.838	17.838 ± 0.376	14.258 ± 0.836	0.332 ± 0.009	22.998 ± 0.147	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	17.841	17.841 ± 0.524	13.602 ± 0.831	0.330 ± 0.017	23.012 ± 0.285	5	11673	51k	1.1m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	17.864	17.864 ± 0.278	12.955 ± 0.729	0.305 ± 0.006	23.492 ± 0.109	5	10637	509k	3.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	17.870	17.870 ± 0.168	13.558 ± 0.505	0.335 ± 0.003	22.926 ± 0.054	5	11673	55k	55s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	17.885	17.885 ± 0.608	12.538 ± 1.469	0.317 ± 0.013	23.667 ± 0.220	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	17.888	17.888 ± 0.363	14.589 ± 0.453	0.364 ± 0.016	22.598 ± 0.281	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	17.896	17.896 ± 0.212	14.075 ± 0.521	0.327 ± 0.010	23.087 ± 0.170	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	17.934	17.934 ± 0.251	14.290 ± 0.373	0.335 ± 0.006	22.943 ± 0.098	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	17.953	17.953 ± 0.227	14.727 ± 0.277	0.368 ± 0.015	22.524 ± 0.269	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	17.961	17.961 ± 0.392	14.124 ± 0.844	0.327 ± 0.008	23.089 ± 0.136	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	17.977	17.977 ± 0.261	14.129 ± 0.538	0.327 ± 0.005	23.082 ± 0.091	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	17.978	17.978 ± 0.473	12.657 ± 0.967	0.316 ± 0.013	23.688 ± 0.221	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	17.983	17.983 ± 0.328	14.361 ± 0.760	0.325 ± 0.012	23.117 ± 0.200	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	17.991	17.991 ± 0.245	14.591 ± 0.434	0.389 ± 0.015	22.641 ± 0.273	5	6758	51k	39s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	18.006	18.006 ± 0.379	14.410 ± 1.020	0.323 ± 0.010	23.155 ± 0.177	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	18.009	18.009 ± 0.461	12.945 ± 0.820	0.314 ± 0.012	23.724 ± 0.214	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	18.015	18.015 ± 0.299	14.161 ± 0.459	0.321 ± 0.015	23.197 ± 0.257	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	18.021	18.021 ± 0.248	12.871 ± 0.598	0.314 ± 0.005	23.726 ± 0.092	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	18.027	18.027 ± 0.236	14.221 ± 0.734	0.323 ± 0.010	23.161 ± 0.174	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	18.036	18.036 ± 0.340	13.961 ± 0.730	0.330 ± 0.008	23.008 ± 0.141	5	11673	55k	44s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	18.050	18.050 ± 0.180	12.789 ± 0.369	0.312 ± 0.010	23.760 ± 0.164	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	18.052	18.052 ± 0.221	14.415 ± 0.682	0.324 ± 0.007	23.135 ± 0.113	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	18.061	18.061 ± 0.246	12.731 ± 0.644	0.305 ± 0.011	23.877 ± 0.183	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	18.062	18.062 ± 0.211	14.298 ± 0.568	0.322 ± 0.006	23.182 ± 0.102	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	18.105	18.105 ± 0.241	12.862 ± 0.667	0.308 ± 0.003	23.832 ± 0.052	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	18.111	18.111 ± 0.223	14.141 ± 0.558	0.325 ± 0.005	23.091 ± 0.088	5	11673	55k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	18.145	18.145 ± 0.295	12.831 ± 0.952	0.308 ± 0.006	23.825 ± 0.096	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	18.148	18.148 ± 0.235	13.570 ± 0.316	0.316 ± 0.009	23.339 ± 0.152	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	18.150	18.150 ± 0.278	14.410 ± 0.571	0.317 ± 0.006	23.255 ± 0.107	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	18.157	18.157 ± 0.819	16.046 ± 0.882	0.613 ± 0.032	22.407 ± 0.933	5	14640	51k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	18.166	18.166 ± 0.367	12.941 ± 0.869	0.300 ± 0.015	23.959 ± 0.252	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	18.192	18.192 ± 0.253	14.967 ± 0.189	0.346 ± 0.018	22.969 ± 0.325	5	7154	509k	2.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	18.193	18.193 ± 0.078	13.185 ± 0.158	0.308 ± 0.010	23.836 ± 0.169	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	18.233	18.233 ± 0.064	14.411 ± 0.127	0.323 ± 0.003	23.122 ± 0.057	5	11673	3.1M	58s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	18.234	18.234 ± 0.574	14.220 ± 1.011	0.322 ± 0.024	23.148 ± 0.413	5	11673	55k	44s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	18.237	18.237 ± 0.502	13.262 ± 1.025	0.305 ± 0.012	23.886 ± 0.208	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	18.239	18.239 ± 0.025	14.494 ± 0.095	0.323 ± 0.002	23.120 ± 0.028	5	11673	3.1M	1.0m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	18.271	18.271 ± 0.614	14.551 ± 0.763	0.341 ± 0.040	23.055 ± 0.698	5	7154	55k	57s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	18.278	18.278 ± 0.454	14.472 ± 0.957	0.323 ± 0.012	23.136 ± 0.208	5	11673	55k	49s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	18.280	18.280 ± 0.586	15.359 ± 0.819	0.590 ± 0.021	23.083 ± 0.578	5	128004	51k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	18.282	18.282 ± 0.079	14.651 ± 0.113	0.321 ± 0.004	23.161 ± 0.060	5	11673	3.1M	1.6m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	18.307	18.307 ± 0.034	14.659 ± 0.089	0.321 ± 0.001	23.162 ± 0.021	5	11673	3.1M	58s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	18.308	18.308 ± 0.047	14.576 ± 0.140	0.321 ± 0.002	23.162 ± 0.030	5	11673	3.1M	58s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	18.351	18.351 ± 0.021	14.774 ± 0.081	0.319 ± 0.001	23.192 ± 0.025	5	11673	3.1M	59s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	18.401	18.401 ± 0.109	14.703 ± 0.275	0.317 ± 0.006	23.233 ± 0.104	5	11673	55k	54s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	18.460	18.460 ± 0.036	15.045 ± 0.047	0.317 ± 0.002	23.254 ± 0.037	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	18.474	18.474 ± 0.029	15.075 ± 0.086	0.316 ± 0.002	23.276 ± 0.029	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	18.483	18.483 ± 0.011	15.126 ± 0.117	0.313 ± 0.001	23.320 ± 0.023	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	18.514	18.514 ± 0.151	15.203 ± 0.213	0.313 ± 0.007	23.322 ± 0.121	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	18.531	18.531 ± 0.184	13.718 ± 0.542	0.296 ± 0.008	24.040 ± 0.133	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	18.544	18.544 ± 0.226	13.928 ± 0.665	0.301 ± 0.007	23.951 ± 0.117	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	18.579	18.579 ± 0.028	15.306 ± 0.117	0.310 ± 0.001	23.370 ± 0.015	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	18.615	18.615 ± 0.490	15.346 ± 0.715	0.350 ± 0.031	23.366 ± 0.559	5	6758	509k	2.3m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	18.621	18.621 ± 0.675	16.416 ± 1.012	0.591 ± 0.019	23.036 ± 0.534	5	14640	55k	—
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	18.638	18.638 ± 0.456	14.406 ± 0.593	0.297 ± 0.009	24.021 ± 0.157	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	18.646	18.646 ± 0.036	15.358 ± 0.076	0.308 ± 0.002	23.412 ± 0.032	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	18.681	18.681 ± 0.137	14.589 ± 0.219	0.325 ± 0.003	23.733 ± 0.060	5	11928	3.1M	1.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	18.713	18.713 ± 0.237	14.342 ± 0.613	0.296 ± 0.003	24.029 ± 0.059	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	18.728	18.728 ± 0.282	14.251 ± 0.742	0.294 ± 0.006	24.063 ± 0.099	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	18.735	18.735 ± 1.115	16.390 ± 0.712	0.582 ± 0.070	23.247 ± 1.949	5	14640	509k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	18.737	18.737 ± 0.071	15.899 ± 0.091	0.366 ± 0.005	23.072 ± 0.084	5	6758	3.1M	36s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	18.754	18.754 ± 0.235	14.183 ± 0.675	0.294 ± 0.005	24.060 ± 0.090	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	18.768	18.768 ± 0.015	14.117 ± 0.065	0.294 ± 0.002	24.059 ± 0.027	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	18.776	18.776 ± 0.020	14.154 ± 0.109	0.293 ± 0.001	24.087 ± 0.020	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	18.786	18.786 ± 1.627	16.603 ± 1.945	0.580 ± 0.068	23.319 ± 1.888	5	128004	55k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	18.803	18.803 ± 0.342	15.427 ± 0.561	0.315 ± 0.010	23.678 ± 0.170	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	18.807	18.807 ± 0.039	16.105 ± 0.129	0.347 ± 0.002	22.959 ± 0.033	5	7154	3.1M	35s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	18.842	18.842 ± 0.026	14.408 ± 0.070	0.293 ± 0.001	24.090 ± 0.019	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	18.848	18.848 ± 0.036	14.445 ± 0.110	0.291 ± 0.001	24.111 ± 0.022	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	18.852	18.852 ± 0.048	14.478 ± 0.197	0.291 ± 0.002	24.117 ± 0.030	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	18.879	18.879 ± 0.232	14.550 ± 0.530	0.290 ± 0.008	24.137 ± 0.130	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	18.887	18.887 ± 0.218	15.002 ± 0.607	0.310 ± 0.016	24.001 ± 0.272	5	11928	55k	53s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	18.892	18.892 ± 1.074	16.733 ± 1.595	0.584 ± 0.032	23.231 ± 0.898	5	14640	51k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	18.907	18.907 ± 0.016	14.623 ± 0.095	0.289 ± 0.001	24.147 ± 0.018	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	18.908	18.908 ± 1.366	16.131 ± 1.324	0.568 ± 0.058	23.661 ± 1.542	5	128004	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	18.935	18.935 ± 0.817	16.399 ± 1.156	0.579 ± 0.024	23.382 ± 0.668	5	14640	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	18.952	18.952 ± 0.415	16.149 ± 0.711	0.549 ± 0.021	24.206 ± 0.553	5	14640	509k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	18.982	18.982 ± 0.354	15.175 ± 0.837	0.268 ± 0.007	24.113 ± 0.123	5	10637	51k	1.2m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	18.998	18.998 ± 0.066	16.584 ± 0.097	0.328 ± 0.003	23.229 ± 0.053	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	19.046	19.046 ± 0.221	15.307 ± 0.721	0.266 ± 0.006	24.148 ± 0.096	5	10637	51k	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	19.108	19.108 ± 0.299	15.335 ± 0.563	0.263 ± 0.011	24.187 ± 0.187	5	10637	51k	1.2m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	19.120	19.120 ± 0.036	14.626 ± 0.119	0.228 ± 0.004	24.699 ± 0.068	5	11673	—	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	19.136	19.136 ± 0.303	15.416 ± 0.474	0.260 ± 0.011	24.236 ± 0.187	5	10637	51k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	19.224	19.224 ± 0.452	15.651 ± 0.957	0.262 ± 0.013	24.214 ± 0.207	5	10637	51k	1.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	19.238	19.238 ± 0.219	15.719 ± 0.531	0.262 ± 0.004	24.209 ± 0.067	5	10637	509k	2.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	19.254	19.254 ± 0.253	15.428 ± 0.680	0.250 ± 0.012	24.398 ± 0.189	5	10637	509k	3.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	19.262	19.262 ± 0.349	15.749 ± 0.951	0.256 ± 0.010	24.304 ± 0.158	5	10637	509k	2.4m
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	19.266	19.266 ± 0.413	16.026 ± 1.055	0.285 ± 0.023	24.193 ± 0.380	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	19.276	19.276 ± 0.436	15.709 ± 0.733	0.252 ± 0.013	24.373 ± 0.218	5	10637	51k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	19.360	19.360 ± 0.527	15.843 ± 1.085	0.249 ± 0.015	24.422 ± 0.250	5	10637	509k	3.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	19.369	19.369 ± 0.334	15.855 ± 0.580	0.254 ± 0.016	24.341 ± 0.264	5	10637	509k	2.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	19.407	19.407 ± 0.392	15.937 ± 0.998	0.249 ± 0.016	24.410 ± 0.267	5	10637	509k	2.1m
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	19.409	19.409 ± 0.099	15.744 ± 0.205	0.262 ± 0.009	24.229 ± 0.153	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	19.417	19.417 ± 0.353	15.943 ± 0.777	0.257 ± 0.007	24.295 ± 0.121	5	10637	55k	59s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	19.493	19.493 ± 0.354	16.084 ± 0.733	0.245 ± 0.013	24.481 ± 0.207	5	10637	55k	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	19.550	19.550 ± 0.036	15.869 ± 0.192	0.249 ± 0.001	24.442 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	19.552	19.552 ± 0.089	17.179 ± 0.153	0.553 ± 0.003	24.106 ± 0.076	5	32940	—	59s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	19.572	19.572 ± 0.202	16.283 ± 0.570	0.241 ± 0.005	24.544 ± 0.073	5	10637	55k	59s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	19.584	19.584 ± 0.196	16.137 ± 0.490	0.234 ± 0.013	24.654 ± 0.209	5	10637	55k	58s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	19.592	19.592 ± 0.655	17.047 ± 1.218	0.321 ± 0.026	23.882 ± 0.456	5	6758	55k	35s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	19.625	19.625 ± 0.055	16.677 ± 0.099	0.290 ± 0.003	24.099 ± 0.046	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	19.633	19.633 ± 0.270	16.403 ± 0.560	0.238 ± 0.014	24.602 ± 0.219	5	10637	55k	1.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	19.636	19.636 ± 0.312	16.147 ± 0.373	0.236 ± 0.014	24.633 ± 0.218	5	10637	55k	2.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	19.637	19.637 ± 0.258	16.099 ± 0.594	0.249 ± 0.003	24.443 ± 0.057	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	19.701	19.701 ± 0.233	16.304 ± 0.293	0.240 ± 0.011	24.587 ± 0.171	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	19.727	19.727 ± 0.093	16.129 ± 0.101	0.240 ± 0.004	24.588 ± 0.072	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	19.753	19.753 ± 0.049	15.171 ± 0.104	0.219 ± 0.003	25.317 ± 0.050	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	19.762	19.762 ± 0.035	16.736 ± 0.112	0.255 ± 0.001	24.321 ± 0.013	5	10637	3.1M	53s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	19.768	19.768 ± 0.225	16.487 ± 0.500	0.251 ± 0.014	24.411 ± 0.227	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	19.770	19.770 ± 0.027	16.807 ± 0.168	0.254 ± 0.002	24.344 ± 0.025	5	10637	3.1M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	19.779	19.779 ± 0.068	16.228 ± 0.363	0.239 ± 0.003	24.609 ± 0.045	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	19.783	19.783 ± 0.169	16.843 ± 0.773	0.282 ± 0.009	24.238 ± 0.156	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	19.787	19.787 ± 0.206	16.418 ± 0.484	0.247 ± 0.006	24.486 ± 0.095	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	19.798	19.798 ± 0.148	16.185 ± 0.422	0.239 ± 0.002	24.615 ± 0.036	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	19.820	19.820 ± 0.146	16.584 ± 0.609	0.244 ± 0.010	24.534 ± 0.154	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	19.823	19.823 ± 0.081	16.569 ± 0.420	0.239 ± 0.008	24.611 ± 0.125	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	19.846	19.846 ± 0.692	16.825 ± 1.278	0.519 ± 0.029	24.983 ± 0.752	5	32940	51k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	19.861	19.861 ± 0.028	16.841 ± 0.097	0.246 ± 0.002	24.463 ± 0.026	5	10637	3.1M	1.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	19.865	19.865 ± 0.252	16.382 ± 0.670	0.238 ± 0.003	24.627 ± 0.041	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	19.882	19.882 ± 0.072	16.906 ± 0.070	0.247 ± 0.003	24.459 ± 0.056	5	10637	3.1M	2.8m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	19.924	19.924 ± 0.273	16.555 ± 0.482	0.230 ± 0.015	24.748 ± 0.234	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	19.928	19.928 ± 0.180	16.568 ± 0.400	0.236 ± 0.007	24.658 ± 0.121	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	19.929	19.929 ± 0.279	16.637 ± 0.555	0.236 ± 0.008	24.654 ± 0.134	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	19.941	19.941 ± 0.225	16.521 ± 0.678	0.230 ± 0.008	24.761 ± 0.130	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	19.942	19.942 ± 0.038	16.973 ± 0.043	0.244 ± 0.003	24.497 ± 0.045	5	10637	3.1M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	19.982	19.982 ± 0.039	17.062 ± 0.086	0.243 ± 0.001	24.517 ± 0.023	5	10637	3.1M	53s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	19.996	19.996 ± 0.068	16.451 ± 0.155	0.271 ± 0.003	24.669 ± 0.048	5	11928	3.1M	57s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	20.027	20.027 ± 0.261	16.700 ± 0.518	0.223 ± 0.015	24.866 ± 0.233	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	20.035	20.035 ± 0.196	16.705 ± 0.538	0.227 ± 0.010	24.811 ± 0.163	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	20.081	20.081 ± 0.231	17.039 ± 0.406	0.259 ± 0.018	24.867 ± 0.306	5	11928	51k	40s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	20.084	20.084 ± 0.278	16.624 ± 0.658	0.253 ± 0.011	24.966 ± 0.190	5	11928	51k	35s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	20.104	20.104 ± 1.599	17.735 ± 1.527	0.525 ± 0.072	24.794 ± 1.828	5	14640	51k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	20.106	20.106 ± 0.356	16.713 ± 0.771	0.268 ± 0.010	24.708 ± 0.161	5	11928	3.1M	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	20.108	20.108 ± 0.371	17.095 ± 0.812	0.234 ± 0.010	24.695 ± 0.155	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	20.134	20.134 ± 0.194	16.996 ± 0.304	0.230 ± 0.009	24.757 ± 0.143	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	20.146	20.146 ± 0.709	16.633 ± 1.221	0.510 ± 0.039	25.214 ± 0.994	5	32940	55k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	20.147	20.147 ± 0.243	16.914 ± 0.451	0.258 ± 0.016	24.876 ± 0.268	5	11928	51k	31s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	20.157	20.157 ± 0.069	16.783 ± 0.127	0.264 ± 0.003	24.789 ± 0.056	5	11928	3.1M	1.0m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	20.171	20.171 ± 2.086	18.737 ± 2.224	0.549 ± 0.077	24.164 ± 2.085	5	14640	55k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	20.183	20.183 ± 0.172	16.862 ± 0.632	0.213 ± 0.008	25.021 ± 0.123	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	20.216	20.216 ± 0.175	16.895 ± 0.264	0.262 ± 0.005	24.809 ± 0.087	5	11928	3.1M	3.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	20.217	20.217 ± 0.451	17.048 ± 0.835	0.221 ± 0.031	24.899 ± 0.498	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	20.232	20.232 ± 0.098	17.138 ± 0.215	0.200 ± 0.008	25.169 ± 0.120	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	20.243	20.243 ± 0.478	17.179 ± 0.833	0.249 ± 0.022	25.037 ± 0.360	5	11928	51k	39s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	20.259	20.259 ± 0.275	17.083 ± 0.565	0.247 ± 0.015	25.065 ± 0.252	5	11928	51k	38s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	20.263	20.263 ± 0.368	17.015 ± 0.528	0.219 ± 0.026	24.935 ± 0.410	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	20.285	20.285 ± 0.230	17.071 ± 0.481	0.261 ± 0.008	24.837 ± 0.130	5	11928	3.1M	55s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	20.287	20.287 ± 0.243	17.018 ± 0.350	0.207 ± 0.011	25.121 ± 0.175	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	20.295	20.295 ± 0.583	17.891 ± 1.060	0.526 ± 0.027	24.798 ± 0.706	5	32940	55k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	20.296	20.296 ± 0.315	17.093 ± 0.408	0.256 ± 0.020	24.921 ± 0.327	5	11928	509k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	20.312	20.312 ± 0.238	17.221 ± 0.396	0.255 ± 0.008	24.934 ± 0.135	5	11928	55k	34s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	20.326	20.326 ± 0.294	17.264 ± 0.639	0.252 ± 0.014	24.976 ± 0.234	5	11928	509k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	20.334	20.334 ± 0.635	17.878 ± 1.047	0.515 ± 0.017	25.097 ± 0.445	5	128004	509k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	20.376	20.376 ± 0.355	17.268 ± 0.662	0.257 ± 0.012	24.894 ± 0.197	5	11928	3.1M	54s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	20.399	20.399 ± 0.511	17.868 ± 0.528	0.512 ± 0.028	25.179 ± 0.724	5	32940	51k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	20.401	20.401 ± 0.478	17.626 ± 0.922	0.213 ± 0.013	25.033 ± 0.211	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	20.421	20.421 ± 0.371	17.242 ± 0.578	0.253 ± 0.016	24.961 ± 0.276	5	11928	55k	35s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	20.456	20.456 ± 0.145	17.351 ± 0.430	0.239 ± 0.015	25.207 ± 0.247	5	11928	51k	1.4m
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	20.500	20.500 ± 0.473	17.764 ± 0.643	0.241 ± 0.027	25.173 ± 0.456	5	11928	509k	1.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	20.575	20.575 ± 0.352	17.370 ± 0.754	0.242 ± 0.010	25.152 ± 0.164	5	11928	55k	37s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	20.592	20.592 ± 1.029	18.861 ± 1.546	0.523 ± 0.030	24.894 ± 0.798	5	14640	509k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	20.605	20.605 ± 0.489	17.542 ± 0.971	0.236 ± 0.021	25.244 ± 0.352	5	11928	55k	41s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	20.619	20.619 ± 0.151	17.459 ± 0.468	0.242 ± 0.007	25.151 ± 0.122	5	11928	55k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	20.644	20.644 ± 0.411	17.650 ± 0.820	0.230 ± 0.014	25.343 ± 0.225	5	11928	509k	2.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	20.646	20.646 ± 0.367	17.779 ± 0.821	0.202 ± 0.022	25.195 ± 0.354	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	20.686	20.686 ± 0.586	17.542 ± 1.002	0.235 ± 0.022	25.265 ± 0.358	5	11928	509k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	20.701	20.701 ± 0.971	18.404 ± 1.291	0.500 ± 0.038	25.468 ± 0.971	5	128004	509k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	20.756	20.756 ± 0.553	17.902 ± 0.770	0.233 ± 0.031	25.302 ± 0.509	5	11928	509k	1.8m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	20.824	20.824 ± 0.538	18.529 ± 0.629	0.117 ± 0.041	25.352 ± 0.586	5	6630	51k	1.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	20.877	20.877 ± 0.521	17.949 ± 1.051	0.232 ± 0.012	25.308 ± 0.194	5	11928	55k	40s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	20.928	20.928 ± 0.599	18.143 ± 1.241	0.219 ± 0.021	25.526 ± 0.344	5	11928	51k	38s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	20.997	20.997 ± 0.350	18.769 ± 0.996	0.184 ± 0.014	25.542 ± 0.222	5	6853	51k	32s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	21.043	21.043 ± 1.236	18.279 ± 1.079	0.478 ± 0.077	26.006 ± 1.929	5	32940	509k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	21.057	21.057 ± 0.249	18.730 ± 0.784	0.151 ± 0.019	25.695 ± 0.283	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	21.120	21.120 ± 0.563	18.554 ± 1.262	0.220 ± 0.021	25.507 ± 0.340	5	11928	509k	1.8m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	21.172	21.172 ± 0.487	18.706 ± 0.477	0.087 ± 0.043	25.773 ± 0.602	5	6630	55k	51s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	21.269	21.269 ± 0.338	17.706 ± 0.578	0.438 ± 0.017	27.025 ± 0.407	5	32940	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	21.280	21.280 ± 0.590	19.010 ± 1.291	0.474 ± 0.018	26.133 ± 0.434	5	32940	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	21.308	21.308 ± 0.286	18.149 ± 0.650	0.171 ± 0.013	26.305 ± 0.199	5	11928	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	21.528	21.528 ± 0.861	19.351 ± 1.310	0.467 ± 0.042	26.297 ± 1.035	5	14640	509k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	21.536	21.536 ± 0.551	19.091 ± 0.596	0.055 ± 0.041	26.221 ± 0.566	5	6630	509k	2.0m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	21.559	21.559 ± 0.027	19.592 ± 0.085	0.204 ± 0.002	25.779 ± 0.032	5	11928	3.1M	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	21.576	21.576 ± 0.051	18.351 ± 0.141	0.113 ± 0.005	26.539 ± 0.074	5	10637	—	59s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	21.599	21.599 ± 1.781	19.838 ± 2.117	0.500 ± 0.066	25.452 ± 1.713	5	14640	55k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	21.647	21.647 ± 0.308	19.476 ± 0.875	0.107 ± 0.017	26.344 ± 0.257	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	21.723	21.723 ± 0.049	19.783 ± 0.103	0.195 ± 0.003	25.911 ± 0.041	5	11928	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	21.757	21.757 ± 0.501	19.295 ± 1.044	0.172 ± 0.012	26.283 ± 0.183	5	11928	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	21.833	21.833 ± 1.513	19.571 ± 1.559	0.453 ± 0.064	26.625 ± 1.526	5	32940	51k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	21.921	21.921 ± 0.529	19.550 ± 0.931	0.109 ± 0.026	26.680 ± 0.390	5	6853	509k	1.5m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	21.926	21.926 ± 0.412	20.085 ± 1.109	0.177 ± 0.018	26.267 ± 0.289	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	21.954	21.954 ± 1.900	20.258 ± 2.384	0.464 ± 0.080	26.338 ± 1.990	5	32940	55k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	22.126	22.126 ± 0.361	19.999 ± 0.489	0.097 ± 0.037	26.869 ± 0.551	5	6853	55k	47s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	22.204	22.204 ± 0.308	20.159 ± 1.073	0.085 ± 0.020	26.673 ± 0.298	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	22.329	22.329 ± 1.260	20.659 ± 1.977	0.457 ± 0.039	26.554 ± 0.959	5	32940	55k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	22.447	22.447 ± 0.448	20.646 ± 0.776	0.129 ± 0.030	27.020 ± 0.471	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	22.448	22.448 ± 0.527	19.013 ± 0.416	0.033 ± 0.069	28.391 ± 1.027	5	11928	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	22.555	22.555 ± 0.594	20.475 ± 0.821	0.066 ± 0.049	27.157 ± 0.708	5	11673	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	22.556	22.556 ± 0.432	18.960 ± 0.615	0.042 ± 0.069	28.267 ± 1.022	5	11928	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	22.561	22.561 ± 0.608	19.274 ± 0.558	0.037 ± 0.069	28.340 ± 1.027	5	11928	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	22.574	22.574 ± 0.353	20.602 ± 0.638	0.078 ± 0.028	26.994 ± 0.418	5	11673	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	22.736	22.736 ± 1.409	20.974 ± 1.665	0.423 ± 0.056	27.368 ± 1.335	5	32940	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	22.744	22.744 ± 0.772	21.007 ± 1.184	0.060 ± 0.049	27.243 ± 0.708	5	11673	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	22.757	22.757 ± 0.271	19.906 ± 0.631	0.026 ± 0.034	27.734 ± 0.480	5	11673	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	22.796	22.796 ± 0.347	20.809 ± 0.424	0.052 ± 0.035	27.369 ± 0.503	5	11673	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	22.814	22.814 ± 0.612	19.975 ± 0.610	0.075 ± 0.056	27.770 ± 0.841	5	11928	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	22.822	22.822 ± 0.621	20.737 ± 0.648	0.053 ± 0.060	27.345 ± 0.861	5	11673	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	22.833	22.833 ± 0.518	19.517 ± 0.742	-0.001 ± 0.050	28.901 ± 0.713	5	11928	509k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	22.891	22.891 ± 0.094	21.897 ± 0.396	0.028 ± 0.007	27.046 ± 0.098	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	22.901	22.901 ± 0.716	20.825 ± 1.641	0.405 ± 0.026	27.793 ± 0.618	5	32940	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	22.909	22.909 ± 0.953	20.344 ± 0.881	0.009 ± 0.093	27.966 ± 1.327	5	11673	51k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	22.921	22.921 ± 0.178	21.133 ± 0.674	0.015 ± 0.008	27.230 ± 0.111	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	22.934	22.934 ± 0.064	21.765 ± 0.153	-0.012 ± 0.006	27.149 ± 0.083	5	6630	3.1M	5.9m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	22.971	22.971 ± 0.370	20.827 ± 0.463	0.094 ± 0.021	27.552 ± 0.325	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	22.981	22.981 ± 0.323	20.832 ± 0.294	0.030 ± 0.045	27.684 ± 0.643	5	11673	509k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	22.990	22.990 ± 0.051	20.749 ± 0.132	0.043 ± 0.004	27.605 ± 0.064	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	22.993	22.993 ± 0.954	21.527 ± 2.302	0.047 ± 0.042	27.600 ± 0.611	5	6853	3.1M	26s
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.005	23.005 ± 0.552	21.368 ± 1.239	0.035 ± 0.021	27.367 ± 0.300	5	10844	51k	1.1m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	23.012	23.012 ± 0.198	20.128 ± 0.404	0.044 ± 0.023	28.240 ± 0.334	5	11928	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	23.013	23.013 ± 0.448	20.752 ± 0.444	0.016 ± 0.047	27.881 ± 0.664	5	11673	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	23.066	23.066 ± 0.488	21.177 ± 0.637	0.038 ± 0.047	27.630 ± 0.673	5	10637	55k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	23.089	23.089 ± 0.639	21.668 ± 1.424	0.028 ± 0.016	27.494 ± 0.230	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	23.099	23.099 ± 0.088	22.723 ± 0.372	0.022 ± 0.004	27.131 ± 0.060	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	23.159	23.159 ± 0.227	22.131 ± 0.382	0.002 ± 0.009	27.004 ± 0.125	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	23.168	23.168 ± 0.973	22.036 ± 1.970	0.061 ± 0.048	27.337 ± 0.699	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	23.192	23.192 ± 0.232	21.943 ± 0.646	0.057 ± 0.018	27.302 ± 0.262	5	11673	55k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	23.218	23.218 ± 0.301	22.332 ± 0.294	0.007 ± 0.008	26.943 ± 0.107	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	23.228	23.228 ± 0.179	21.853 ± 0.916	-0.003 ± 0.017	27.467 ± 0.228	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	23.253	23.253 ± 0.237	22.197 ± 0.341	-0.012 ± 0.008	27.202 ± 0.109	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	23.282	23.282 ± 1.306	20.495 ± 1.035	-0.043 ± 0.141	28.670 ± 1.893	5	11673	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	23.346	23.346 ± 0.396	21.798 ± 0.469	0.042 ± 0.026	27.571 ± 0.370	5	10637	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	23.370	23.370 ± 0.668	21.324 ± 0.567	-0.005 ± 0.057	28.174 ± 0.809	5	11673	509k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	23.371	23.371 ± 0.278	22.520 ± 0.174	-0.000 ± 0.007	27.037 ± 0.098	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	23.377	23.377 ± 0.689	20.823 ± 0.831	-0.002 ± 0.055	28.202 ± 0.771	5	10637	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	23.423	23.423 ± 0.255	20.748 ± 0.351	-0.027 ± 0.044	28.558 ± 0.606	5	10637	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	23.498	23.498 ± 1.116	20.901 ± 0.941	-0.038 ± 0.105	28.694 ± 1.433	5	10637	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	23.566	23.566 ± 0.097	20.931 ± 0.335	-0.026 ± 0.017	28.538 ± 0.234	5	10637	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	23.572	23.572 ± 0.575	20.811 ± 0.434	-0.042 ± 0.078	28.752 ± 1.074	5	10637	51k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	23.590	23.590 ± 0.020	22.037 ± 0.082	0.048 ± 0.002	28.179 ± 0.022	5	11928	—	1.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.605	23.605 ± 0.460	22.119 ± 0.800	-0.004 ± 0.033	27.918 ± 0.457	5	10844	509k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.611	23.611 ± 0.156	21.867 ± 0.541	-0.007 ± 0.012	27.956 ± 0.168	5	10844	51k	31s
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	23.631	23.631 ± 0.039	21.644 ± 0.080	0.377 ± 0.002	28.441 ± 0.050	5	128004	—	1.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.639	23.639 ± 0.335	21.963 ± 0.905	-0.013 ± 0.019	28.044 ± 0.259	5	10844	51k	34s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	23.655	23.655 ± 0.243	20.730 ± 0.490	0.360 ± 0.016	28.820 ± 0.353	5	14640	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.657	23.657 ± 0.204	22.092 ± 0.391	-0.011 ± 0.023	28.011 ± 0.314	5	10844	51k	32s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	23.695	23.695 ± 0.930	20.151 ± 0.904	-0.053 ± 0.107	29.623 ± 1.521	5	11928	51k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.703	23.703 ± 0.319	22.259 ± 0.584	-0.011 ± 0.016	28.011 ± 0.224	5	10844	509k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	23.725	23.725 ± 0.174	22.768 ± 0.387	0.015 ± 0.006	28.007 ± 0.079	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.743	23.743 ± 0.174	22.269 ± 0.403	-0.009 ± 0.009	27.981 ± 0.131	5	10844	51k	29s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	23.755	23.755 ± 0.472	22.745 ± 1.233	0.017 ± 0.023	27.866 ± 0.328	5	11673	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.762	23.762 ± 0.418	22.420 ± 0.437	-0.015 ± 0.018	28.070 ± 0.245	5	10844	509k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	23.781	23.781 ± 0.314	22.845 ± 0.587	0.015 ± 0.008	28.007 ± 0.113	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	23.787	23.787 ± 1.403	20.583 ± 0.664	-0.091 ± 0.178	29.381 ± 2.353	5	10637	51k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.796	23.796 ± 0.241	22.372 ± 0.403	-0.016 ± 0.013	28.075 ± 0.185	5	10844	509k	1.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.814	23.814 ± 0.147	22.743 ± 0.386	-0.000 ± 0.010	27.864 ± 0.139	5	10844	55k	32s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	23.827	23.827 ± 0.508	20.892 ± 0.670	-0.031 ± 0.031	29.334 ± 0.438	5	11928	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	23.828	23.828 ± 0.756	20.270 ± 0.470	-0.068 ± 0.093	29.836 ± 1.302	5	11928	51k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.833	23.833 ± 0.287	22.611 ± 0.314	-0.008 ± 0.021	27.972 ± 0.295	5	10844	55k	32s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.884	23.884 ± 0.082	22.933 ± 0.350	-0.007 ± 0.006	27.954 ± 0.084	5	10844	55k	35s
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.887	23.887 ± 0.041	23.028 ± 0.270	0.001 ± 0.002	27.844 ± 0.034	5	10844	55k	39s
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.890	23.890 ± 0.162	22.568 ± 0.396	-0.017 ± 0.028	28.100 ± 0.379	5	10844	509k	1.9m
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.915	23.915 ± 0.057	23.126 ± 0.220	-0.000 ± 0.004	27.863 ± 0.057	5	10844	3.1M	21s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.915	23.915 ± 0.000	23.099 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	27.860 ± 0.000	5	10844	—	0s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	23.920	23.920 ± 0.218	23.084 ± 0.423	0.005 ± 0.009	28.144 ± 0.122	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	23.926	23.926 ± 0.132	23.278 ± 0.065	0.008 ± 0.012	28.103 ± 0.169	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.940	23.940 ± 0.244	22.717 ± 0.918	-0.018 ± 0.008	28.114 ± 0.109	5	10844	51k	29s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	23.945	23.945 ± 0.331	22.282 ± 0.899	-0.008 ± 0.014	28.288 ± 0.192	5	10637	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.948	23.948 ± 0.014	23.074 ± 0.189	-0.002 ± 0.001	27.888 ± 0.017	5	10844	3.1M	13s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.955	23.955 ± 0.043	22.943 ± 0.264	-0.002 ± 0.003	27.893 ± 0.035	5	10844	55k	59s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.959	23.959 ± 0.032	22.963 ± 0.099	-0.003 ± 0.002	27.902 ± 0.022	5	10844	3.1M	14s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.967	23.967 ± 0.014	22.961 ± 0.123	-0.004 ± 0.001	27.909 ± 0.012	5	10844	3.1M	14s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.973	23.973 ± 0.064	23.068 ± 0.139	-0.004 ± 0.004	27.910 ± 0.054	5	10844	3.1M	13s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.976	23.976 ± 0.022	23.086 ± 0.159	-0.004 ± 0.001	27.909 ± 0.018	5	10844	3.1M	14s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.980	23.980 ± 0.061	23.013 ± 0.202	-0.005 ± 0.004	27.924 ± 0.060	5	10844	55k	27s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.980	23.980 ± 0.036	23.027 ± 0.170	-0.004 ± 0.002	27.911 ± 0.030	5	10844	3.1M	25s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.997	23.997 ± 0.280	22.862 ± 0.657	-0.017 ± 0.025	28.100 ± 0.339	5	10844	55k	31s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	23.999	23.999 ± 0.335	21.556 ± 0.568	-0.082 ± 0.052	29.299 ± 0.711	5	10637	51k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.014	24.014 ± 0.530	23.022 ± 0.775	0.002 ± 0.039	28.184 ± 0.555	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.036	24.036 ± 0.295	22.863 ± 0.355	-0.021 ± 0.024	28.152 ± 0.323	5	10844	509k	2.2m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.048	24.048 ± 0.553	22.911 ± 0.898	-0.004 ± 0.021	28.269 ± 0.302	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.081	24.081 ± 0.125	23.454 ± 0.124	-0.007 ± 0.008	28.316 ± 0.112	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	24.092	24.092 ± 0.526	20.932 ± 0.631	-0.061 ± 0.056	29.751 ± 0.783	5	11928	509k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.094	24.094 ± 0.282	23.230 ± 0.418	-0.008 ± 0.006	28.323 ± 0.091	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.099	24.099 ± 0.041	23.381 ± 0.046	-0.013 ± 0.003	28.035 ± 0.043	5	10844	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.101	24.101 ± 0.137	23.134 ± 0.218	-0.019 ± 0.012	28.121 ± 0.162	5	10844	51k	41s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.108	24.108 ± 0.168	22.857 ± 0.240	-0.021 ± 0.019	28.155 ± 0.257	5	10844	509k	1.5m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.109	24.109 ± 0.278	23.395 ± 0.251	-0.023 ± 0.031	28.170 ± 0.427	5	10844	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.160	24.160 ± 0.825	21.242 ± 0.700	-0.137 ± 0.113	30.021 ± 1.528	5	10637	51k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.199	24.199 ± 0.180	23.513 ± 0.499	0.001 ± 0.005	28.197 ± 0.073	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.308	24.308 ± 0.459	23.816 ± 0.330	-0.039 ± 0.043	28.399 ± 0.595	5	10844	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.311	24.311 ± 0.872	21.778 ± 0.683	-0.120 ± 0.107	29.805 ± 1.456	5	10637	509k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.325	24.325 ± 0.238	23.794 ± 0.578	-0.004 ± 0.011	28.271 ± 0.159	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.337	24.337 ± 0.223	23.795 ± 0.388	-0.008 ± 0.008	28.335 ± 0.111	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.344	24.344 ± 0.044	23.648 ± 0.154	0.003 ± 0.003	28.140 ± 0.044	5	10637	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.354	24.354 ± 0.167	24.053 ± 0.431	-0.001 ± 0.006	28.235 ± 0.080	5	—	—	—
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.378	24.378 ± 0.000	24.155 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	28.177 ± 0.000	5	10637	—	0s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.380	24.380 ± 0.175	23.934 ± 0.261	-0.014 ± 0.024	28.369 ± 0.338	5	10637	55k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.383	24.383 ± 0.280	23.829 ± 0.873	-0.016 ± 0.009	28.442 ± 0.128	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.390	24.390 ± 0.505	24.000 ± 0.885	-0.012 ± 0.023	28.381 ± 0.322	5	—	—	—
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	24.416	24.416 ± 0.000	24.513 ± 0.000	-0.001 ± 0.000	28.125 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	0s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.422	24.422 ± 0.229	23.802 ± 0.302	-0.045 ± 0.022	28.476 ± 0.296	5	10844	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	24.433	24.433 ± 0.027	24.618 ± 0.079	-0.005 ± 0.003	28.176 ± 0.036	5	11673	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.434	24.434 ± 0.250	24.100 ± 0.703	-0.017 ± 0.009	28.455 ± 0.133	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.443	24.443 ± 0.038	22.852 ± 0.103	-0.099 ± 0.004	29.200 ± 0.054	5	10844	—	1.2m
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.449	24.449 ± 0.050	24.422 ± 0.126	-0.001 ± 0.005	28.235 ± 0.065	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.458	24.458 ± 0.036	24.323 ± 0.133	-0.003 ± 0.003	28.255 ± 0.036	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.460	24.460 ± 0.036	24.165 ± 0.079	-0.004 ± 0.003	28.270 ± 0.038	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.462	24.462 ± 0.136	23.948 ± 0.082	-0.024 ± 0.026	28.511 ± 0.366	5	10637	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.463	24.463 ± 0.034	24.248 ± 0.071	-0.004 ± 0.002	28.273 ± 0.031	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.466	24.466 ± 0.297	23.758 ± 0.367	-0.067 ± 0.031	28.779 ± 0.425	5	10844	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.470	24.470 ± 0.137	23.656 ± 0.233	-0.022 ± 0.020	28.491 ± 0.274	5	10637	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.481	24.481 ± 0.026	24.445 ± 0.137	-0.005 ± 0.003	28.281 ± 0.040	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.486	24.486 ± 0.023	24.407 ± 0.073	-0.005 ± 0.002	28.289 ± 0.031	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.490	24.490 ± 0.043	24.471 ± 0.073	-0.006 ± 0.002	28.294 ± 0.035	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.494	24.494 ± 0.049	24.371 ± 0.050	-0.005 ± 0.003	28.287 ± 0.048	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.495	24.495 ± 0.030	24.478 ± 0.057	-0.005 ± 0.003	28.293 ± 0.039	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.496	24.496 ± 0.028	24.267 ± 0.123	-0.006 ± 0.003	28.307 ± 0.036	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.503	24.503 ± 0.116	23.434 ± 0.195	-0.038 ± 0.012	28.706 ± 0.160	5	10637	55k	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	24.522	24.522 ± 4.373	23.139 ± 5.853	0.277 ± 0.195	30.117 ± 3.913	5	56340	51k	1.1m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.556	24.556 ± 0.140	24.475 ± 0.200	-0.018 ± 0.009	28.470 ± 0.125	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.571	24.571 ± 0.237	24.060 ± 0.440	-0.065 ± 0.025	28.754 ± 0.337	5	10844	55k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.580	24.580 ± 0.193	24.295 ± 0.311	-0.020 ± 0.020	28.502 ± 0.280	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	24.602	24.602 ± 0.250	24.430 ± 0.078	-0.029 ± 0.036	28.510 ± 0.500	5	11673	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.630	24.630 ± 0.908	21.737 ± 0.252	-0.171 ± 0.105	30.482 ± 1.344	5	10637	509k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	24.713	24.713 ± 0.095	24.517 ± 0.115	-0.026 ± 0.009	28.445 ± 0.118	5	4982	3.1M	15s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	24.715	24.715 ± 0.295	24.038 ± 0.371	-0.048 ± 0.032	28.749 ± 0.438	5	4982	509k	59s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	24.718	24.718 ± 0.346	24.467 ± 0.084	-0.040 ± 0.040	28.658 ± 0.553	5	11673	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.748	24.748 ± 0.766	23.668 ± 0.307	-0.100 ± 0.092	29.209 ± 1.220	5	10844	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	24.752	24.752 ± 0.187	24.746 ± 0.094	-0.040 ± 0.019	28.671 ± 0.258	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	24.820	24.820 ± 0.212	21.994 ± 0.323	0.299 ± 0.009	30.167 ± 0.198	5	32940	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	24.894	24.894 ± 0.313	21.834 ± 0.193	-0.194 ± 0.039	30.713 ± 0.495	5	11673	3.1M	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	24.915	24.915 ± 0.129	24.709 ± 0.184	-0.049 ± 0.018	28.762 ± 0.252	5	4982	55k	26s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.919	24.919 ± 1.253	23.764 ± 0.563	-0.118 ± 0.141	29.423 ± 1.815	5	10844	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.932	24.932 ± 0.645	23.642 ± 0.647	-0.100 ± 0.095	29.532 ± 1.262	5	10637	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.962	24.962 ± 1.018	23.695 ± 0.545	-0.109 ± 0.125	29.656 ± 1.637	5	10637	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.967	24.967 ± 0.065	24.114 ± 0.286	-0.099 ± 0.006	29.211 ± 0.076	5	10844	3.1M	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	24.997	24.997 ± 0.329	24.350 ± 0.397	-0.074 ± 0.037	29.092 ± 0.498	5	4982	51k	19s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	25.079	25.079 ± 0.222	22.074 ± 0.258	-0.197 ± 0.025	30.747 ± 0.315	5	11673	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	25.161	25.161 ± 0.381	21.630 ± 0.091	-0.199 ± 0.047	30.849 ± 0.605	5	10637	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	25.167	25.167 ± 1.246	24.101 ± 1.153	-0.151 ± 0.140	29.859 ± 1.788	5	10844	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	25.197	25.197 ± 0.209	24.844 ± 0.198	-0.093 ± 0.024	29.392 ± 0.319	5	11673	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	25.224	25.224 ± 0.289	22.112 ± 0.261	0.280 ± 0.019	30.588 ± 0.401	5	14640	3.1M	—
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	25.224	25.224 ± 0.000	25.610 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	28.888 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	0s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	25.230	25.230 ± 1.152	23.854 ± 0.301	-0.132 ± 0.162	29.936 ± 2.100	5	10637	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	25.244	25.244 ± 0.023	25.412 ± 0.089	-0.004 ± 0.002	28.941 ± 0.029	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	25.268	25.268 ± 2.833	24.392 ± 4.086	0.332 ± 0.131	29.385 ± 2.854	5	14640	3.1M	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	25.317	25.317 ± 0.103	25.350 ± 0.262	-0.051 ± 0.009	29.192 ± 0.121	5	5091	51k	20s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	25.335	25.335 ± 0.131	25.363 ± 0.176	-0.022 ± 0.016	29.205 ± 0.227	5	11928	3.1M	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	25.345	25.345 ± 0.477	25.833 ± 0.486	-0.043 ± 0.050	29.075 ± 0.695	5	5091	55k	27s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	25.380	25.380 ± 0.638	24.007 ± 0.738	-0.167 ± 0.068	30.095 ± 0.876	5	10844	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	25.385	25.385 ± 1.061	24.381 ± 0.794	-0.129 ± 0.120	29.845 ± 1.575	5	11673	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	25.388	25.388 ± 0.262	25.366 ± 0.285	-0.024 ± 0.034	29.227 ± 0.489	5	11928	55k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	25.430	25.430 ± 0.518	25.684 ± 0.324	-0.056 ± 0.056	29.248 ± 0.777	5	5091	3.1M	28s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	25.450	25.450 ± 0.392	25.281 ± 0.317	-0.036 ± 0.056	29.392 ± 0.783	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	25.465	25.465 ± 0.082	25.466 ± 0.214	-0.015 ± 0.003	29.162 ± 0.047	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	25.548	25.548 ± 1.216	24.736 ± 2.378	0.258 ± 0.045	30.639 ± 0.911	5	56340	51k	34s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	25.566	25.566 ± 0.348	25.553 ± 0.484	-0.080 ± 0.038	29.579 ± 0.517	5	5091	509k	56s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	25.577	25.577 ± 0.393	24.157 ± 0.664	-0.171 ± 0.036	30.148 ± 0.465	5	10844	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	25.577	25.577 ± 0.080	25.426 ± 0.240	-0.041 ± 0.011	29.475 ± 0.157	5	11928	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	25.609	25.609 ± 1.299	24.557 ± 0.796	-0.151 ± 0.144	30.129 ± 1.846	5	11673	509k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	25.713	25.713 ± 0.049	24.105 ± 0.183	-0.156 ± 0.003	30.339 ± 0.042	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	25.785	25.785 ± 0.174	22.229 ± 0.406	-0.261 ± 0.023	31.637 ± 0.288	5	10637	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	26.027	26.027 ± 1.318	24.669 ± 0.576	-0.198 ± 0.155	30.737 ± 1.955	5	11673	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	26.071	26.071 ± 0.449	24.926 ± 0.414	-0.231 ± 0.042	30.905 ± 0.532	5	10844	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	26.080	26.080 ± 0.668	24.376 ± 0.196	-0.257 ± 0.074	31.231 ± 0.913	5	10844	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	26.157	26.157 ± 0.452	24.286 ± 0.632	-0.270 ± 0.031	31.399 ± 0.383	5	10844	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	26.183	26.183 ± 0.815	25.250 ± 0.365	-0.120 ± 0.102	30.557 ± 1.377	5	11928	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	26.201	26.201 ± 0.454	24.135 ± 0.595	-0.298 ± 0.049	31.733 ± 0.605	5	10844	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	26.207	26.207 ± 0.892	24.266 ± 0.365	-0.271 ± 0.106	31.392 ± 1.307	5	10844	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	26.219	26.219 ± 0.210	23.268 ± 0.188	0.217 ± 0.013	31.898 ± 0.264	5	32940	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	26.234	26.234 ± 1.533	25.622 ± 2.888	0.224 ± 0.059	31.319 ± 1.187	5	56340	51k	32s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	26.268	26.268 ± 0.728	24.445 ± 0.605	-0.307 ± 0.106	31.837 ± 1.309	5	10844	51k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	26.342	26.342 ± 1.170	26.065 ± 2.488	0.224 ± 0.038	31.337 ± 0.763	5	56340	51k	31s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	26.516	26.516 ± 1.025	24.534 ± 0.863	-0.308 ± 0.110	31.843 ± 1.337	5	10844	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	26.532	26.532 ± 1.161	25.796 ± 0.825	-0.161 ± 0.153	31.091 ± 2.008	5	11928	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	26.549	26.549 ± 0.940	24.995 ± 0.564	-0.319 ± 0.115	31.982 ± 1.398	5	10844	51k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	26.574	26.574 ± 1.992	26.483 ± 3.184	0.208 ± 0.092	31.629 ± 1.860	5	56340	509k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	26.653	26.653 ± 1.417	26.076 ± 0.493	-0.167 ± 0.170	31.159 ± 2.221	5	11928	509k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	26.668	26.668 ± 1.113	24.577 ± 0.906	-0.336 ± 0.117	32.185 ± 1.395	5	10844	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	26.728	26.728 ± 1.971	25.548 ± 3.295	0.244 ± 0.078	31.319 ± 1.595	5	32940	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	26.811	26.811 ± 0.540	26.818 ± 1.108	0.204 ± 0.018	31.733 ± 0.370	5	56340	51k	29s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	26.845	26.845 ± 1.885	26.624 ± 2.996	0.190 ± 0.083	31.987 ± 1.661	5	56340	509k	1.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	26.932	26.932 ± 2.678	26.685 ± 4.197	0.190 ± 0.121	31.959 ± 2.486	5	56340	509k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	26.970	26.970 ± 3.593	24.164 ± 1.902	-0.402 ± 0.479	33.122 ± 5.506	5	10637	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	27.060	27.060 ± 0.312	25.977 ± 0.670	0.162 ± 0.024	32.569 ± 0.475	5	56340	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	27.299	27.299 ± 3.622	25.758 ± 2.681	-0.399 ± 0.449	32.741 ± 5.105	5	10844	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	27.458	27.458 ± 0.427	25.819 ± 0.661	0.142 ± 0.036	32.956 ± 0.692	5	56340	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	27.512	27.512 ± 0.541	25.048 ± 0.470	-0.302 ± 0.054	32.955 ± 0.684	5	11928	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	27.611	27.611 ± 0.290	23.035 ± 0.256	-0.513 ± 0.034	34.263 ± 0.383	5	10844	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	27.618	27.618 ± 0.669	26.064 ± 0.754	0.133 ± 0.041	33.128 ± 0.774	5	56340	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	27.620	27.620 ± 0.217	25.658 ± 0.556	0.133 ± 0.025	33.124 ± 0.485	5	56340	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	27.761	27.761 ± 0.548	22.802 ± 0.294	-0.527 ± 0.073	34.416 ± 0.821	5	10844	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	27.785	27.785 ± 2.144	28.036 ± 3.861	0.151 ± 0.084	32.758 ± 1.657	5	56340	509k	1.7m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	27.793	27.793 ± 0.269	25.506 ± 0.634	0.101 ± 0.034	33.725 ± 0.647	5	56340	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	27.846	27.846 ± 2.800	25.577 ± 1.314	-0.349 ± 0.368	33.404 ± 4.436	5	11928	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	27.979	27.979 ± 3.487	25.699 ± 2.371	-0.439 ± 0.424	33.545 ± 4.829	5	11673	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	28.158	28.158 ± 0.542	25.770 ± 0.583	0.082 ± 0.034	34.078 ± 0.626	5	56340	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	28.176	28.176 ± 0.554	25.834 ± 0.734	0.090 ± 0.042	33.928 ± 0.786	5	56340	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	28.198	28.198 ± 0.349	25.635 ± 0.626	0.089 ± 0.035	33.957 ± 0.645	5	56340	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	28.235	28.235 ± 0.448	27.711 ± 1.588	0.125 ± 0.027	33.272 ± 0.514	5	56340	55k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	28.265	28.265 ± 0.350	26.790 ± 0.931	0.110 ± 0.021	33.567 ± 0.398	5	56340	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	28.277	28.277 ± 0.457	27.076 ± 0.902	0.098 ± 0.033	33.776 ± 0.625	5	56340	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	28.466	28.466 ± 0.510	26.670 ± 0.903	0.077 ± 0.049	34.175 ± 0.894	5	56340	509k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	28.581	28.581 ± 1.020	29.355 ± 1.771	0.127 ± 0.050	33.224 ± 0.942	5	56340	55k	32s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	28.853	28.853 ± 1.223	29.875 ± 2.153	0.114 ± 0.058	33.484 ± 1.108	5	56340	55k	31s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	29.118	29.118 ± 1.140	30.212 ± 1.278	0.099 ± 0.065	33.760 ± 1.217	5	56340	55k	35s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	29.356	29.356 ± 1.508	30.564 ± 2.002	0.083 ± 0.081	34.041 ± 1.513	5	56340	55k	32s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	29.429	29.429 ± 2.258	30.122 ± 3.057	0.069 ± 0.105	34.295 ± 1.983	5	56340	51k	29s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	29.478	29.478 ± 0.735	29.285 ± 2.633	0.059 ± 0.016	34.515 ± 0.299	5	56340	3.1M	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	29.672	29.672 ± 2.190	30.203 ± 3.645	0.046 ± 0.089	34.721 ± 1.658	5	56340	509k	1.9m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.006	30.006 ± 2.007	30.570 ± 2.941	0.035 ± 0.091	34.931 ± 1.698	5	56340	509k	2.2m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	30.295	30.295 ± 1.486	27.012 ± 0.818	-0.021 ± 0.104	36.395 ± 1.834	5	128004	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.296	30.296 ± 0.054	30.768 ± 0.263	0.020 ± 0.005	35.209 ± 0.093	5	56340	3.1M	14s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.308	30.308 ± 0.221	30.841 ± 0.357	0.020 ± 0.018	35.208 ± 0.321	5	56340	3.1M	13s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.312	30.312 ± 0.052	30.896 ± 0.197	0.021 ± 0.005	35.195 ± 0.088	5	56340	3.1M	14s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.351	30.351 ± 0.000	30.274 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	35.576 ± 0.000	5	56340	—	0s
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.470	30.470 ± 0.095	30.850 ± 0.322	0.006 ± 0.005	35.470 ± 0.083	5	56340	3.1M	21s
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.485	30.485 ± 0.062	30.808 ± 0.476	0.006 ± 0.007	35.469 ± 0.130	5	56340	55k	39s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.490	30.490 ± 0.050	30.569 ± 0.237	-0.000 ± 0.001	35.583 ± 0.026	5	56340	3.1M	13s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.518	30.518 ± 0.053	30.791 ± 0.301	0.001 ± 0.003	35.548 ± 0.059	5	56340	55k	59s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.528	30.528 ± 0.026	30.813 ± 0.125	0.002 ± 0.001	35.540 ± 0.018	5	56340	55k	27s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.547	30.547 ± 0.065	30.841 ± 0.219	-0.001 ± 0.002	35.589 ± 0.033	5	56340	3.1M	25s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.565	30.565 ± 0.054	30.792 ± 0.260	-0.002 ± 0.001	35.618 ± 0.016	5	56340	3.1M	14s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.673	30.673 ± 0.084	31.415 ± 0.272	0.002 ± 0.003	35.547 ± 0.049	5	56340	509k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.707	30.707 ± 0.072	31.465 ± 0.351	0.003 ± 0.005	35.513 ± 0.089	5	56340	51k	41s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.804	30.804 ± 0.070	31.638 ± 0.288	-0.003 ± 0.003	35.634 ± 0.049	5	56340	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.912	30.912 ± 0.462	32.011 ± 1.384	-0.011 ± 0.017	35.765 ± 0.303	5	56340	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.006	31.006 ± 0.133	32.333 ± 0.516	-0.009 ± 0.005	35.737 ± 0.082	5	56340	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.015	31.015 ± 0.973	31.152 ± 2.521	0.005 ± 0.041	35.944 ± 0.737	5	32940	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.025	31.025 ± 0.545	31.676 ± 1.224	-0.022 ± 0.029	35.955 ± 0.511	5	56340	3.1M	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.076	31.076 ± 0.051	31.065 ± 0.081	-0.042 ± 0.004	36.320 ± 0.069	5	56340	—	1.2m
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	31.094	31.094 ± 0.000	30.056 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	36.038 ± 0.000	5	14640	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	31.129	31.129 ± 0.000	30.221 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	36.039 ± 0.000	5	128004	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.168	31.168 ± 0.000	30.402 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	36.040 ± 0.000	5	32940	—	0s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	31.249	31.249 ± 0.063	30.933 ± 0.184	0.006 ± 0.003	35.933 ± 0.055	5	128004	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.281	31.281 ± 0.166	33.179 ± 0.287	-0.022 ± 0.010	35.967 ± 0.174	5	56340	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.293	31.293 ± 0.207	32.673 ± 0.428	-0.024 ± 0.013	35.999 ± 0.232	5	56340	51k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.393	31.393 ± 0.282	31.710 ± 1.452	-0.059 ± 0.053	36.610 ± 0.904	5	56340	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.470	31.470 ± 0.283	32.603 ± 1.658	0.006 ± 0.020	35.936 ± 0.369	5	32940	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.493	31.493 ± 0.186	32.212 ± 1.373	0.002 ± 0.007	36.007 ± 0.131	5	32940	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.520	31.520 ± 0.810	33.127 ± 1.148	0.006 ± 0.044	35.921 ± 0.793	5	32940	51k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	31.532	31.532 ± 0.323	32.516 ± 1.769	-0.000 ± 0.016	36.041 ± 0.293	5	128004	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.558	31.558 ± 0.237	32.602 ± 1.055	-0.051 ± 0.032	36.472 ± 0.561	5	56340	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	31.584	31.584 ± 0.259	32.515 ± 1.728	-0.003 ± 0.007	36.084 ± 0.123	5	14640	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.593	31.593 ± 0.509	32.448 ± 0.503	-0.052 ± 0.060	36.475 ± 1.029	5	56340	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	31.602	31.602 ± 0.105	32.243 ± 0.229	-0.005 ± 0.005	36.121 ± 0.092	5	14640	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.604	31.604 ± 0.102	32.346 ± 0.307	-0.003 ± 0.006	36.100 ± 0.116	5	32940	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	31.620	31.620 ± 0.418	32.638 ± 2.058	-0.006 ± 0.018	36.141 ± 0.320	5	14640	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	31.702	31.702 ± 0.189	33.094 ± 0.813	-0.004 ± 0.007	36.108 ± 0.135	5	128004	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	31.784	31.784 ± 0.810	30.913 ± 2.445	-0.078 ± 0.061	37.418 ± 1.065	5	128004	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	31.809	31.809 ± 0.189	33.433 ± 1.061	-0.009 ± 0.008	36.192 ± 0.145	5	14640	3.1M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	31.812	31.812 ± 0.724	32.604 ± 2.326	-0.021 ± 0.035	36.421 ± 0.613	5	128004	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	31.818	31.818 ± 0.698	32.176 ± 2.429	-0.046 ± 0.029	36.853 ± 0.514	5	14640	51k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.818	31.818 ± 0.164	33.463 ± 0.680	-0.008 ± 0.008	36.176 ± 0.152	5	32940	3.1M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	31.853	31.853 ± 0.447	33.101 ± 0.632	-0.020 ± 0.029	36.390 ± 0.520	5	128004	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.924	31.924 ± 0.462	33.253 ± 1.579	-0.028 ± 0.022	36.543 ± 0.398	5	32940	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.941	31.941 ± 0.144	34.336 ± 0.605	-0.011 ± 0.009	36.230 ± 0.163	5	32940	55k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.962	31.962 ± 0.329	28.585 ± 0.308	-0.142 ± 0.032	38.010 ± 0.527	5	56340	3.1M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	31.990	31.990 ± 0.137	34.446 ± 0.419	-0.016 ± 0.009	36.325 ± 0.153	5	128004	55k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	32.010	32.010 ± 0.286	33.611 ± 0.630	-0.024 ± 0.017	36.469 ± 0.300	5	14640	51k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	32.043	32.043 ± 0.596	32.925 ± 1.340	-0.040 ± 0.063	36.749 ± 1.116	5	32940	509k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	32.207	32.207 ± 0.372	29.412 ± 0.229	-0.163 ± 0.032	38.364 ± 0.521	5	56340	3.1M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	32.275	32.275 ± 0.435	33.358 ± 0.855	-0.052 ± 0.038	36.959 ± 0.672	5	14640	509k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	32.337	32.337 ± 0.145	34.677 ± 0.325	-0.039 ± 0.011	36.726 ± 0.190	5	14640	55k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	32.668	32.668 ± 0.736	33.663 ± 1.313	-0.080 ± 0.083	37.445 ± 1.420	5	14640	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	32.849	32.849 ± 0.905	33.645 ± 0.834	-0.102 ± 0.099	37.815 ± 1.680	5	128004	509k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	33.206	33.206 ± 1.331	33.858 ± 1.230	-0.137 ± 0.159	38.383 ± 2.625	5	128004	509k	—

fault_location_local

fault_location_local — ranked by mae
baseline	protocol	source	grid	test_set	version	mae	mae	median_abs_error	r2	rmse	seeds	n_test	params	train/seed
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	10.855	10.855 ± 0.572	7.615 ± 0.446	0.820 ± 0.018	15.262 ± 0.761	5	32940	52k	1.5m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	11.695	11.695 ± 0.530	8.747 ± 0.524	0.810 ± 0.017	15.704 ± 0.702	5	14640	52k	1.5m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	14.990	14.990 ± 0.643	11.381 ± 0.648	0.700 ± 0.022	19.748 ± 0.708	5	32940	49k	1.6m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	15.204	15.204 ± 0.163	13.038 ± 0.199	0.724 ± 0.005	18.944 ± 0.181	5	14640	1.6M	55s
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	15.434	15.434 ± 1.558	12.749 ± 2.199	0.704 ± 0.044	19.592 ± 1.402	5	14640	506k	3.4m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	15.649	15.649 ± 0.432	12.786 ± 0.624	0.693 ± 0.012	19.958 ± 0.403	5	14640	49k	1.6m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	15.943	15.943 ± 0.645	12.341 ± 0.853	0.667 ± 0.017	20.797 ± 0.536	5	32940	506k	2.9m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	17.167	17.167 ± 0.602	13.215 ± 0.730	0.615 ± 0.021	22.369 ± 0.596	5	14640	52k	1.6m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	17.456	17.456 ± 0.118	14.712 ± 0.162	0.633 ± 0.004	21.818 ± 0.105	5	32940	1.6M	53s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	17.620	17.620 ± 0.810	13.777 ± 1.035	0.598 ± 0.024	22.842 ± 0.683	5	14640	52k	1.7m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	17.725	17.725 ± 0.214	13.405 ± 0.372	0.330 ± 0.008	23.043 ± 0.142	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	17.994	17.994 ± 1.076	14.358 ± 1.333	0.587 ± 0.036	23.157 ± 1.005	5	14640	52k	1.4m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	18.600	18.600 ± 0.213	14.715 ± 0.580	0.296 ± 0.011	23.592 ± 0.192	5	11673	52k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	18.757	18.757 ± 0.821	15.669 ± 1.036	0.564 ± 0.030	23.787 ± 0.837	5	14640	506k	4.0m
gru	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	18.768	18.768 ± 0.171	14.571 ± 0.278	0.263 ± 0.011	24.186 ± 0.175	5	10637	52k	1.5m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	18.890	18.890 ± 0.139	15.472 ± 0.311	0.287 ± 0.007	23.768 ± 0.109	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	18.931	18.931 ± 0.456	15.648 ± 1.006	0.561 ± 0.015	23.882 ± 0.399	5	32940	52k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	18.937	18.937 ± 0.785	15.447 ± 1.195	0.555 ± 0.020	24.041 ± 0.553	5	32940	52k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	19.020	19.020 ± 1.223	16.061 ± 1.585	0.557 ± 0.044	23.979 ± 1.221	5	14640	506k	4.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	19.091	19.091 ± 0.714	15.767 ± 0.749	0.550 ± 0.027	24.169 ± 0.733	5	32940	52k	1.6m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	19.122	19.122 ± 0.227	15.864 ± 0.335	0.281 ± 0.008	23.869 ± 0.141	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	19.218	19.218 ± 0.456	15.911 ± 0.537	0.541 ± 0.021	24.400 ± 0.553	5	32940	506k	5.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	19.289	19.289 ± 0.503	16.021 ± 0.776	0.544 ± 0.024	24.331 ± 0.650	5	32940	52k	4.5m
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	19.303	19.303 ± 0.179	16.354 ± 0.428	0.274 ± 0.007	23.957 ± 0.120	5	11673	49k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	19.326	19.326 ± 3.954	16.306 ± 6.301	0.534 ± 0.156	24.433 ± 3.881	5	14640	52k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	19.328	19.328 ± 1.544	16.138 ± 2.214	0.536 ± 0.052	24.527 ± 1.368	5	14640	506k	4.5m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	19.357	19.357 ± 0.459	16.134 ± 0.914	0.265 ± 0.020	24.095 ± 0.334	5	11673	506k	3.4m
gru	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	19.557	19.557 ± 0.110	15.247 ± 0.205	0.236 ± 0.008	25.041 ± 0.130	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	19.560	19.560 ± 0.676	16.756 ± 1.028	0.535 ± 0.028	24.573 ± 0.741	5	14640	506k	4.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	19.562	19.562 ± 0.885	16.415 ± 1.416	0.532 ± 0.029	24.655 ± 0.771	5	32940	506k	4.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	19.625	19.625 ± 0.850	16.646 ± 1.275	0.532 ± 0.028	24.661 ± 0.743	5	32940	52k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	19.670	19.670 ± 0.642	16.790 ± 1.079	0.532 ± 0.017	24.651 ± 0.433	5	32940	506k	3.9m
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	19.690	19.690 ± 0.037	17.231 ± 0.137	0.269 ± 0.002	24.036 ± 0.025	5	11673	1.6M	55s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	19.705	19.705 ± 1.180	15.978 ± 1.595	0.514 ± 0.048	25.115 ± 1.238	5	14640	52k	1.8m
cnn	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	19.727	19.727 ± 0.084	16.196 ± 0.139	0.232 ± 0.002	24.700 ± 0.025	5	10637	49k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	19.730	19.730 ± 3.125	16.680 ± 4.213	0.532 ± 0.104	24.571 ± 2.605	5	32940	52k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	19.741	19.741 ± 0.263	16.755 ± 0.431	0.518 ± 0.023	25.026 ± 0.605	5	14640	49k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	19.822	19.822 ± 1.497	16.876 ± 2.112	0.522 ± 0.052	24.903 ± 1.337	5	14640	506k	4.0m
resnet	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	19.904	19.904 ± 0.229	16.632 ± 0.517	0.225 ± 0.014	24.805 ± 0.230	5	10637	506k	2.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	19.948	19.948 ± 0.564	17.208 ± 0.776	0.520 ± 0.024	24.960 ± 0.624	5	14640	49k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	19.990	19.990 ± 0.168	17.432 ± 0.077	0.532 ± 0.011	24.663 ± 0.287	5	32940	49k	1.4m
resnet	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	20.061	20.061 ± 0.298	16.543 ± 0.665	0.227 ± 0.008	25.189 ± 0.132	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	20.067	20.067 ± 0.064	16.828 ± 0.215	0.234 ± 0.005	25.071 ± 0.079	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	20.079	20.079 ± 0.596	17.001 ± 0.696	0.514 ± 0.023	25.120 ± 0.588	5	32940	506k	4.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	20.099	20.099 ± 0.245	17.528 ± 0.343	0.525 ± 0.011	24.830 ± 0.293	5	32940	49k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	20.125	20.125 ± 0.630	17.427 ± 0.954	0.512 ± 0.020	25.167 ± 0.511	5	14640	49k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	20.145	20.145 ± 1.403	17.437 ± 1.918	0.511 ± 0.050	25.178 ± 1.249	5	14640	506k	4.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	20.257	20.257 ± 0.395	17.343 ± 0.733	0.494 ± 0.031	25.640 ± 0.783	5	14640	49k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	20.266	20.266 ± 0.181	17.548 ± 0.555	0.206 ± 0.014	25.074 ± 0.228	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	20.275	20.275 ± 0.871	17.494 ± 1.083	0.510 ± 0.032	25.209 ± 0.820	5	32940	506k	4.5m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	20.276	20.276 ± 0.042	17.607 ± 0.067	0.224 ± 0.003	24.787 ± 0.041	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	20.288	20.288 ± 0.352	17.402 ± 0.796	0.490 ± 0.014	25.740 ± 0.346	5	14640	49k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	20.317	20.317 ± 0.203	17.550 ± 0.220	0.512 ± 0.008	25.178 ± 0.218	5	32940	49k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	20.326	20.326 ± 0.147	17.649 ± 0.382	0.206 ± 0.007	25.077 ± 0.105	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	20.335	20.335 ± 0.095	17.742 ± 0.205	0.513 ± 0.013	25.143 ± 0.343	5	32940	49k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	20.340	20.340 ± 0.139	17.697 ± 0.359	0.513 ± 0.007	25.152 ± 0.172	5	32940	49k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	20.367	20.367 ± 0.092	17.364 ± 0.145	0.192 ± 0.009	25.303 ± 0.146	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	20.387	20.387 ± 0.042	17.662 ± 0.060	0.234 ± 0.003	25.073 ± 0.045	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	20.401	20.401 ± 0.272	17.587 ± 0.511	0.199 ± 0.009	25.195 ± 0.136	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	20.403	20.403 ± 0.067	17.676 ± 0.428	0.200 ± 0.006	25.173 ± 0.089	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	20.409	20.409 ± 0.132	17.657 ± 0.297	0.197 ± 0.014	25.216 ± 0.212	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	20.409	20.409 ± 0.811	17.629 ± 1.259	0.503 ± 0.026	25.401 ± 0.663	5	32940	506k	4.0m
mlp	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	20.435	20.435 ± 0.046	17.761 ± 0.037	0.223 ± 0.003	24.841 ± 0.043	5	10637	1.6M	53s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	20.442	20.442 ± 0.590	17.986 ± 0.839	0.502 ± 0.021	25.436 ± 0.535	5	14640	49k	2.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	20.454	20.454 ± 0.150	17.792 ± 0.290	0.204 ± 0.007	25.109 ± 0.103	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	20.463	20.463 ± 0.305	17.777 ± 0.529	0.506 ± 0.014	25.330 ± 0.356	5	32940	49k	2.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	20.466	20.466 ± 0.228	18.267 ± 0.427	0.208 ± 0.012	25.020 ± 0.192	5	11673	52k	1.6m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	20.494	20.494 ± 0.257	17.806 ± 0.379	0.193 ± 0.013	25.282 ± 0.197	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	20.514	20.514 ± 0.030	17.960 ± 0.160	0.204 ± 0.003	25.113 ± 0.045	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	20.516	20.516 ± 0.127	17.919 ± 0.362	0.203 ± 0.008	25.128 ± 0.119	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	20.525	20.525 ± 0.106	17.969 ± 0.304	0.200 ± 0.005	25.179 ± 0.082	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	20.547	20.547 ± 0.163	17.949 ± 0.365	0.192 ± 0.004	25.303 ± 0.067	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	20.569	20.569 ± 0.112	17.936 ± 0.335	0.193 ± 0.004	25.280 ± 0.057	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	20.574	20.574 ± 0.151	17.990 ± 0.254	0.199 ± 0.011	25.194 ± 0.166	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	20.580	20.580 ± 0.086	17.946 ± 0.182	0.196 ± 0.008	25.233 ± 0.122	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	20.582	20.582 ± 0.147	17.928 ± 0.215	0.189 ± 0.012	25.352 ± 0.180	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	20.622	20.622 ± 0.197	18.544 ± 0.442	0.202 ± 0.008	25.108 ± 0.122	5	11673	52k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	20.672	20.672 ± 0.951	18.221 ± 1.740	0.190 ± 0.036	25.325 ± 0.558	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	20.679	20.679 ± 0.167	18.190 ± 0.382	0.188 ± 0.005	25.357 ± 0.081	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	20.752	20.752 ± 0.253	18.619 ± 0.609	0.194 ± 0.008	25.240 ± 0.119	5	11673	506k	4.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	20.766	20.766 ± 0.319	18.565 ± 0.433	0.192 ± 0.022	25.265 ± 0.348	5	11673	52k	1.7m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	20.878	20.878 ± 0.137	18.932 ± 0.143	0.193 ± 0.009	25.259 ± 0.140	5	11673	49k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	20.895	20.895 ± 0.176	18.890 ± 0.276	0.184 ± 0.010	25.388 ± 0.149	5	11673	506k	4.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	20.921	20.921 ± 0.380	18.800 ± 0.952	0.184 ± 0.008	25.387 ± 0.129	5	11673	506k	4.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	20.935	20.935 ± 0.141	19.048 ± 0.345	0.192 ± 0.009	25.265 ± 0.148	5	11673	49k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	20.955	20.955 ± 0.300	18.843 ± 0.667	0.177 ± 0.011	25.493 ± 0.165	5	11673	506k	4.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	20.969	20.969 ± 0.179	19.151 ± 0.287	0.189 ± 0.007	25.307 ± 0.113	5	11673	49k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	21.023	21.023 ± 0.479	19.031 ± 0.856	0.179 ± 0.019	25.463 ± 0.297	5	11673	506k	4.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	21.033	21.033 ± 0.373	19.296 ± 0.698	0.182 ± 0.018	25.418 ± 0.277	5	11673	52k	1.8m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	21.037	21.037 ± 0.102	19.152 ± 0.178	0.186 ± 0.007	25.355 ± 0.113	5	11673	49k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	21.060	21.060 ± 0.279	19.325 ± 0.571	0.187 ± 0.011	25.342 ± 0.167	5	11673	49k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	21.105	21.105 ± 1.199	19.316 ± 1.915	0.175 ± 0.065	25.524 ± 0.997	5	11673	52k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	21.123	21.123 ± 0.204	19.315 ± 0.245	0.183 ± 0.012	25.403 ± 0.184	5	11673	49k	2.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	21.280	21.280 ± 0.376	19.254 ± 0.635	0.162 ± 0.018	25.736 ± 0.274	5	11673	506k	4.7m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	21.296	21.296 ± 0.156	18.642 ± 0.332	0.159 ± 0.011	26.264 ± 0.166	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	21.304	21.304 ± 6.934	18.355 ± 8.725	0.445 ± 0.308	26.416 ± 6.707	5	14640	52k	2.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	21.363	21.363 ± 0.300	18.783 ± 0.284	0.159 ± 0.022	26.260 ± 0.335	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	21.403	21.403 ± 0.013	19.523 ± 0.059	0.478 ± 0.002	26.036 ± 0.057	5	128004	1.6M	60s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	21.428	21.428 ± 0.186	18.940 ± 0.356	0.155 ± 0.010	26.334 ± 0.150	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	21.488	21.488 ± 0.059	18.721 ± 0.171	0.126 ± 0.009	26.335 ± 0.138	5	10637	506k	5.1m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	21.521	21.521 ± 0.092	18.858 ± 0.223	0.139 ± 0.019	26.143 ± 0.284	5	10637	52k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	21.532	21.532 ± 0.037	18.901 ± 0.170	0.142 ± 0.007	26.105 ± 0.108	5	10637	49k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	21.535	21.535 ± 0.232	18.855 ± 0.324	0.135 ± 0.011	26.208 ± 0.160	5	10637	506k	3.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	21.542	21.542 ± 0.130	18.991 ± 0.235	0.142 ± 0.012	26.098 ± 0.178	5	10637	49k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	21.554	21.554 ± 0.115	19.013 ± 0.187	0.142 ± 0.010	26.094 ± 0.146	5	10637	49k	1.4m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	21.556	21.556 ± 0.203	18.917 ± 0.409	0.133 ± 0.010	26.231 ± 0.156	5	10637	52k	1.5m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	21.592	21.592 ± 0.142	18.900 ± 0.176	0.135 ± 0.013	26.206 ± 0.192	5	10637	52k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	21.606	21.606 ± 0.249	18.946 ± 0.387	0.131 ± 0.010	26.270 ± 0.149	5	10637	506k	4.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	21.611	21.611 ± 1.950	20.122 ± 3.153	0.148 ± 0.104	25.918 ± 1.539	5	11673	52k	2.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	21.615	21.615 ± 0.058	19.107 ± 0.203	0.136 ± 0.005	26.192 ± 0.079	5	10637	49k	2.1m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	21.621	21.621 ± 0.220	18.834 ± 0.341	0.143 ± 0.010	26.518 ± 0.152	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	21.626	21.626 ± 0.235	18.964 ± 0.412	0.125 ± 0.017	26.350 ± 0.258	5	10637	506k	4.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	21.634	21.634 ± 0.085	18.929 ± 0.186	0.143 ± 0.006	26.520 ± 0.085	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	21.638	21.638 ± 0.095	18.900 ± 0.283	0.128 ± 0.006	26.307 ± 0.085	5	10637	52k	4.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	21.638	21.638 ± 0.087	19.043 ± 0.121	0.135 ± 0.006	26.208 ± 0.090	5	10637	49k	1.4m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	21.650	21.650 ± 0.054	19.149 ± 0.173	0.137 ± 0.004	26.171 ± 0.059	5	10637	49k	1.4m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	21.660	21.660 ± 0.189	19.105 ± 0.286	0.132 ± 0.005	26.256 ± 0.078	5	10637	506k	4.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	21.668	21.668 ± 0.283	19.234 ± 0.568	0.152 ± 0.013	26.376 ± 0.208	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	21.687	21.687 ± 0.107	18.995 ± 0.348	0.144 ± 0.010	26.508 ± 0.162	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	21.694	21.694 ± 0.127	19.140 ± 0.322	0.123 ± 0.012	26.382 ± 0.184	5	10637	52k	1.7m
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	21.701	21.701 ± 0.342	18.988 ± 0.817	0.139 ± 0.008	26.576 ± 0.119	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	21.706	21.706 ± 0.358	18.886 ± 0.685	0.135 ± 0.011	26.643 ± 0.176	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	21.735	21.735 ± 0.725	19.230 ± 1.332	0.128 ± 0.030	26.312 ± 0.452	5	10637	52k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	21.737	21.737 ± 0.268	19.162 ± 0.488	0.140 ± 0.011	26.561 ± 0.171	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	21.776	21.776 ± 1.190	19.279 ± 1.873	0.140 ± 0.052	26.553 ± 0.795	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	21.781	21.781 ± 0.131	19.386 ± 0.401	0.128 ± 0.009	26.309 ± 0.132	5	10637	506k	4.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	21.790	21.790 ± 0.322	19.077 ± 0.636	0.136 ± 0.010	26.620 ± 0.152	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	21.801	21.801 ± 0.081	19.145 ± 0.188	0.133 ± 0.003	26.665 ± 0.053	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	21.823	21.823 ± 0.152	19.302 ± 0.205	0.136 ± 0.006	26.619 ± 0.098	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	21.837	21.837 ± 0.036	19.977 ± 0.061	0.156 ± 0.001	25.923 ± 0.021	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	21.860	21.860 ± 0.068	20.338 ± 0.189	0.151 ± 0.003	25.933 ± 0.045	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	21.879	21.879 ± 0.282	19.307 ± 0.475	0.134 ± 0.009	26.650 ± 0.132	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	21.898	21.898 ± 0.237	19.391 ± 0.440	0.135 ± 0.013	26.645 ± 0.202	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	21.941	21.941 ± 0.061	20.453 ± 0.162	0.148 ± 0.003	25.983 ± 0.038	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	21.945	21.945 ± 0.235	19.427 ± 0.614	0.130 ± 0.009	26.711 ± 0.143	5	—	—	—
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	21.981	21.981 ± 0.495	19.901 ± 0.714	0.456 ± 0.021	26.585 ± 0.519	5	128004	52k	1.1m
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	21.994	21.994 ± 0.106	20.248 ± 0.167	0.138 ± 0.002	26.194 ± 0.038	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	22.210	22.210 ± 1.881	20.083 ± 2.939	0.123 ± 0.088	26.804 ± 1.309	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	22.294	22.294 ± 0.021	20.272 ± 0.106	0.114 ± 0.001	26.529 ± 0.010	5	10637	1.6M	34s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	22.342	22.342 ± 0.043	20.347 ± 0.073	0.111 ± 0.001	26.568 ± 0.021	5	10637	1.6M	35s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	22.387	22.387 ± 0.087	21.542 ± 0.113	0.125 ± 0.007	26.297 ± 0.101	5	11673	1.6M	38s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	22.421	22.421 ± 0.160	20.748 ± 0.273	0.434 ± 0.004	27.109 ± 0.096	5	32940	1.6M	34s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	22.423	22.423 ± 0.092	21.348 ± 0.138	0.125 ± 0.004	26.332 ± 0.066	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	22.441	22.441 ± 0.079	20.168 ± 0.076	0.068 ± 0.005	27.131 ± 0.070	5	11673	—	36s
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	22.446	22.446 ± 0.205	20.782 ± 0.389	0.113 ± 0.007	26.568 ± 0.111	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	22.452	22.452 ± 0.051	21.726 ± 0.142	0.122 ± 0.002	26.339 ± 0.033	5	11673	1.6M	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.1.0	22.477	22.477 ± 0.102	21.380 ± 0.180	0.121 ± 0.005	26.381 ± 0.080	5	—	—	—
mlp	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	22.484	22.484 ± 0.027	21.104 ± 0.100	0.164 ± 0.001	26.410 ± 0.018	5	11928	1.6M	60s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	22.499	22.499 ± 0.092	21.383 ± 0.059	0.120 ± 0.005	26.405 ± 0.073	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	22.525	22.525 ± 0.089	21.441 ± 0.146	0.119 ± 0.004	26.422 ± 0.065	5	—	—	—
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	22.553	22.553 ± 0.175	20.753 ± 0.548	0.094 ± 0.012	26.848 ± 0.183	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	22.562	22.562 ± 0.248	21.305 ± 0.500	0.106 ± 0.015	26.789 ± 0.225	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	22.670	22.670 ± 0.068	20.901 ± 0.174	0.094 ± 0.003	26.815 ± 0.049	5	10637	1.6M	34s
gru	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	22.716	22.716 ± 0.097	21.677 ± 0.129	0.141 ± 0.003	26.778 ± 0.041	5	11928	52k	1.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	22.728	22.728 ± 0.072	21.005 ± 0.153	0.090 ± 0.004	26.875 ± 0.060	5	10637	1.6M	34s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	22.744	22.744 ± 0.056	21.018 ± 0.096	0.089 ± 0.003	26.889 ± 0.049	5	10637	1.6M	34s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	22.755	22.755 ± 0.062	21.069 ± 0.150	0.088 ± 0.002	26.904 ± 0.036	5	10637	1.6M	1.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	22.757	22.757 ± 0.193	21.223 ± 0.387	0.423 ± 0.009	27.380 ± 0.215	5	32940	1.6M	35s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	22.760	22.760 ± 0.095	21.670 ± 0.314	0.093 ± 0.003	26.977 ± 0.049	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	22.877	22.877 ± 0.048	21.404 ± 0.174	-0.009 ± 0.004	27.103 ± 0.049	5	6630	1.6M	11s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	22.897	22.897 ± 0.105	21.180 ± 0.348	-0.016 ± 0.009	27.191 ± 0.119	5	6630	506k	1.0m
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	22.923	22.923 ± 0.041	22.453 ± 0.101	0.094 ± 0.002	26.750 ± 0.034	5	11673	1.6M	37s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	22.941	22.941 ± 0.357	22.176 ± 0.621	0.083 ± 0.018	27.138 ± 0.274	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	22.951	22.951 ± 0.094	22.469 ± 0.058	0.093 ± 0.006	26.778 ± 0.094	5	11673	1.6M	1.1m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	22.962	22.962 ± 0.041	22.442 ± 0.030	0.092 ± 0.003	26.785 ± 0.043	5	11673	1.6M	37s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	22.968	22.968 ± 0.062	21.315 ± 0.263	-0.012 ± 0.004	27.145 ± 0.058	5	6630	52k	21s
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	22.972	22.972 ± 0.660	21.664 ± 1.224	0.370 ± 0.033	28.608 ± 0.747	5	128004	49k	58s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	22.978	22.978 ± 0.074	22.505 ± 0.085	0.091 ± 0.005	26.807 ± 0.069	5	11673	1.6M	37s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.0.0	22.979	22.979 ± 0.069	22.031 ± 0.249	0.086 ± 0.002	27.084 ± 0.025	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	22.981	22.981 ± 0.326	21.869 ± 0.487	0.126 ± 0.021	27.011 ± 0.321	5	11928	49k	58s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.0.0	22.993	22.993 ± 0.194	21.216 ± 0.268	-0.027 ± 0.014	27.344 ± 0.182	5	6630	49k	18s
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	23.077	23.077 ± 0.317	21.679 ± 0.377	0.110 ± 0.009	27.259 ± 0.145	5	11928	506k	2.2m
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	23.171	23.171 ± 0.097	22.243 ± 0.475	0.077 ± 0.012	27.485 ± 0.173	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	23.198	23.198 ± 0.171	21.562 ± 0.451	0.062 ± 0.014	27.325 ± 0.207	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	23.203	23.203 ± 0.044	22.265 ± 0.341	0.009 ± 0.002	27.307 ± 0.022	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	23.210	23.210 ± 0.182	21.750 ± 0.251	0.058 ± 0.010	27.381 ± 0.150	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	23.215	23.215 ± 0.262	22.713 ± 0.501	0.074 ± 0.009	27.340 ± 0.138	5	7154	49k	24s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	23.223	23.223 ± 0.077	22.171 ± 0.378	0.007 ± 0.004	27.335 ± 0.057	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	23.236	23.236 ± 0.042	21.840 ± 0.110	0.074 ± 0.004	27.143 ± 0.053	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	23.237	23.237 ± 0.097	21.807 ± 0.144	0.067 ± 0.003	27.245 ± 0.043	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	23.240	23.240 ± 0.185	21.793 ± 0.508	0.054 ± 0.003	27.436 ± 0.050	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	23.242	23.242 ± 0.059	22.261 ± 0.211	0.078 ± 0.002	27.276 ± 0.032	5	7154	1.6M	23s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	23.245	23.245 ± 0.025	21.849 ± 0.054	0.074 ± 0.002	27.150 ± 0.031	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	23.246	23.246 ± 0.052	21.825 ± 0.138	0.074 ± 0.004	27.147 ± 0.059	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	23.257	23.257 ± 0.106	23.030 ± 0.574	0.008 ± 0.005	27.321 ± 0.062	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	23.264	23.264 ± 0.058	21.820 ± 0.069	0.074 ± 0.005	27.147 ± 0.066	5	—	—	—
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	val	1.0.0	23.269	23.269 ± 0.062	21.675 ± 0.163	0.004 ± 0.006	28.093 ± 0.080	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	23.292	23.292 ± 0.128	21.737 ± 0.278	0.053 ± 0.002	27.458 ± 0.033	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.1.0	23.305	23.305 ± 0.010	23.404 ± 0.073	0.006 ± 0.001	27.352 ± 0.014	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	23.309	23.309 ± 0.137	21.752 ± 0.346	0.051 ± 0.005	27.483 ± 0.075	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	23.310	23.310 ± 0.239	21.793 ± 0.311	0.054 ± 0.010	27.433 ± 0.145	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	23.313	23.313 ± 0.077	21.629 ± 0.151	0.079 ± 0.007	27.482 ± 0.097	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	23.319	23.319 ± 0.076	21.703 ± 0.115	0.080 ± 0.005	27.468 ± 0.082	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	23.339	23.339 ± 0.099	21.992 ± 0.205	0.068 ± 0.005	27.240 ± 0.079	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	23.344	23.344 ± 0.073	22.225 ± 0.528	-0.006 ± 0.005	27.118 ± 0.067	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	23.347	23.347 ± 0.233	21.734 ± 0.634	0.052 ± 0.007	27.471 ± 0.104	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	23.355	23.355 ± 0.201	21.969 ± 0.453	0.050 ± 0.011	27.499 ± 0.162	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	23.371	23.371 ± 0.195	22.210 ± 0.206	-0.005 ± 0.011	27.101 ± 0.147	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	23.379	23.379 ± 0.292	21.776 ± 0.798	0.048 ± 0.009	27.532 ± 0.130	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	23.380	23.380 ± 0.366	23.026 ± 0.609	0.401 ± 0.014	27.886 ± 0.336	5	14640	1.6M	38s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	23.388	23.388 ± 0.230	22.567 ± 0.180	0.056 ± 0.022	27.602 ± 0.328	5	7154	506k	1.4m
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	23.391	23.391 ± 0.077	22.391 ± 0.203	0.002 ± 0.001	27.007 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	23.406	23.406 ± 0.286	22.199 ± 0.540	0.054 ± 0.009	27.435 ± 0.135	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	23.429	23.429 ± 0.262	21.941 ± 0.700	0.051 ± 0.009	27.481 ± 0.127	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	23.442	23.442 ± 0.060	22.134 ± 0.163	0.048 ± 0.005	27.523 ± 0.077	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	23.449	23.449 ± 0.134	21.993 ± 0.216	0.048 ± 0.010	27.534 ± 0.139	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	val	1.0.0	23.460	23.460 ± 0.063	22.366 ± 0.159	-0.002 ± 0.002	27.058 ± 0.029	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	23.468	23.468 ± 0.510	21.863 ± 0.817	0.090 ± 0.029	27.637 ± 0.437	5	6758	506k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	23.474	23.474 ± 0.393	22.072 ± 0.721	0.049 ± 0.014	27.510 ± 0.208	5	—	—	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	23.484	23.484 ± 0.230	22.188 ± 0.444	0.098 ± 0.012	27.524 ± 0.176	5	6758	49k	26s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	23.496	23.496 ± 0.157	22.253 ± 0.146	0.046 ± 0.009	27.557 ± 0.134	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	23.563	23.563 ± 0.163	22.883 ± 0.243	0.064 ± 0.013	27.668 ± 0.196	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	val	1.0.0	23.569	23.569 ± 0.180	22.235 ± 0.404	0.044 ± 0.003	27.591 ± 0.046	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	23.581	23.581 ± 0.245	22.600 ± 0.904	0.047 ± 0.006	27.918 ± 0.081	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	23.594	23.594 ± 0.037	22.693 ± 0.109	0.089 ± 0.002	27.578 ± 0.028	5	11928	1.6M	39s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	23.598	23.598 ± 0.043	22.658 ± 0.081	0.087 ± 0.002	27.602 ± 0.030	5	11928	1.6M	38s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	23.620	23.620 ± 0.237	23.587 ± 0.360	0.393 ± 0.009	28.067 ± 0.200	5	14640	1.6M	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	23.621	23.621 ± 0.037	22.743 ± 0.114	0.087 ± 0.002	27.605 ± 0.034	5	11928	1.6M	1.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	23.625	23.625 ± 0.019	22.707 ± 0.090	0.086 ± 0.002	27.618 ± 0.023	5	11928	1.6M	38s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	23.630	23.630 ± 0.214	22.326 ± 0.551	0.041 ± 0.006	27.623 ± 0.090	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	23.637	23.637 ± 0.057	22.522 ± 0.219	0.083 ± 0.002	27.665 ± 0.031	5	11928	1.6M	35s
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	23.653	23.653 ± 0.042	21.549 ± 0.071	-0.030 ± 0.003	28.603 ± 0.038	5	10637	—	31s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	val	1.1.0	23.656	23.656 ± 0.091	23.030 ± 0.256	0.061 ± 0.003	27.712 ± 0.045	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	23.691	23.691 ± 0.066	22.871 ± 0.345	0.084 ± 0.004	27.653 ± 0.054	5	11928	1.6M	29s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	val	1.1.0	23.722	23.722 ± 0.540	22.648 ± 0.886	0.038 ± 0.022	27.675 ± 0.316	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	23.757	23.757 ± 0.026	22.355 ± 0.089	0.060 ± 0.001	27.776 ± 0.011	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	23.764	23.764 ± 0.068	22.400 ± 0.098	0.061 ± 0.003	27.759 ± 0.045	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	23.777	23.777 ± 0.134	22.889 ± 0.558	0.063 ± 0.010	27.957 ± 0.154	5	11928	52k	57s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.1.0	23.786	23.786 ± 0.017	22.427 ± 0.091	0.059 ± 0.001	27.788 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	val	1.0.0	23.792	23.792 ± 0.056	22.490 ± 0.118	0.059 ± 0.002	27.793 ± 0.028	5	—	—	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.0.0	23.807	23.807 ± 0.151	23.457 ± 0.528	0.034 ± 0.013	27.924 ± 0.186	5	7154	52k	43s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	23.851	23.851 ± 0.181	22.983 ± 0.408	0.062 ± 0.012	27.981 ± 0.182	5	11928	49k	39s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	23.866	23.866 ± 0.249	22.701 ± 0.594	0.077 ± 0.014	27.843 ± 0.215	5	6758	1.6M	19s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	23.870	23.870 ± 0.140	23.686 ± 0.644	0.012 ± 0.006	27.710 ± 0.088	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	23.872	23.872 ± 0.103	22.918 ± 0.390	0.056 ± 0.004	28.072 ± 0.054	5	11928	49k	45s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	23.878	23.878 ± 0.063	22.923 ± 0.557	0.059 ± 0.012	28.027 ± 0.183	5	11928	49k	2.8m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	val	1.0.0	23.888	23.888 ± 0.046	21.776 ± 0.154	-0.004 ± 0.005	28.699 ± 0.076	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	23.903	23.903 ± 0.242	23.055 ± 0.561	0.055 ± 0.017	28.082 ± 0.249	5	11928	49k	51s
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.915	23.915 ± 0.000	23.099 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	27.860 ± 0.000	5	10844	—	0s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.925	23.925 ± 0.019	23.047 ± 0.150	0.000 ± 0.001	27.859 ± 0.010	5	10844	52k	57s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.928	23.928 ± 0.010	23.090 ± 0.161	-0.000 ± 0.000	27.866 ± 0.004	5	10844	1.6M	8s
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.930	23.930 ± 0.071	23.141 ± 0.279	-0.005 ± 0.004	27.934 ± 0.053	5	10844	506k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.930	23.930 ± 0.018	23.072 ± 0.103	-0.001 ± 0.001	27.867 ± 0.008	5	10844	1.6M	9s
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_345kv	test	1.1.0	23.932	23.932 ± 0.316	22.702 ± 0.548	0.068 ± 0.019	27.970 ± 0.285	5	6758	52k	51s
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.934	23.934 ± 0.024	22.893 ± 0.246	-0.000 ± 0.001	27.864 ± 0.013	5	10844	52k	33s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.935	23.935 ± 0.034	23.051 ± 0.209	-0.001 ± 0.002	27.870 ± 0.021	5	10844	52k	32s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	23.939	23.939 ± 0.173	23.093 ± 0.770	0.054 ± 0.008	28.102 ± 0.120	5	11928	49k	47s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	23.942	23.942 ± 0.185	23.264 ± 0.328	0.055 ± 0.009	28.078 ± 0.133	5	11928	506k	2.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.943	23.943 ± 0.034	22.993 ± 0.168	-0.001 ± 0.002	27.879 ± 0.021	5	10844	52k	32s
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.943	23.943 ± 0.040	23.208 ± 0.227	-0.002 ± 0.003	27.883 ± 0.045	5	10844	1.6M	17s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.946	23.946 ± 0.042	23.573 ± 0.329	-0.005 ± 0.005	27.925 ± 0.072	5	10844	52k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.949	23.949 ± 0.027	22.946 ± 0.135	-0.001 ± 0.001	27.876 ± 0.013	5	10844	52k	29s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	23.950	23.950 ± 0.319	23.133 ± 0.576	0.059 ± 0.016	28.027 ± 0.237	5	11928	52k	43s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.963	23.963 ± 0.027	23.153 ± 0.103	-0.002 ± 0.001	27.891 ± 0.014	5	10844	1.6M	9s
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	23.966	23.966 ± 0.073	23.721 ± 0.442	0.004 ± 0.005	27.831 ± 0.072	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.968	23.968 ± 0.017	23.013 ± 0.110	-0.002 ± 0.001	27.887 ± 0.014	5	10844	1.6M	10s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.972	23.972 ± 0.048	23.119 ± 0.099	-0.003 ± 0.003	27.895 ± 0.035	5	10844	1.6M	18s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.973	23.973 ± 0.055	23.271 ± 0.152	-0.004 ± 0.006	27.912 ± 0.087	5	10844	52k	27s
resnet	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	23.973	23.973 ± 0.637	22.407 ± 1.097	0.296 ± 0.052	30.227 ± 1.104	5	128004	506k	2.2m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.982	23.982 ± 0.088	23.383 ± 0.159	-0.005 ± 0.007	27.928 ± 0.091	5	10844	49k	22s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.986	23.986 ± 0.044	23.380 ± 0.173	-0.006 ± 0.004	27.940 ± 0.060	5	10844	49k	22s
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.986	23.986 ± 0.110	23.076 ± 0.260	-0.009 ± 0.008	27.982 ± 0.114	5	10844	49k	30s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	23.988	23.988 ± 0.020	23.060 ± 0.228	-0.004 ± 0.002	27.913 ± 0.023	5	10844	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.988	23.988 ± 0.029	22.996 ± 0.059	-0.003 ± 0.002	27.904 ± 0.022	5	10844	1.6M	11s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.989	23.989 ± 0.133	23.282 ± 0.333	-0.007 ± 0.014	27.953 ± 0.196	5	10844	52k	35s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.989	23.989 ± 0.032	22.915 ± 0.208	-0.004 ± 0.001	27.912 ± 0.020	5	10844	52k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.992	23.992 ± 0.072	23.220 ± 0.177	-0.007 ± 0.006	27.951 ± 0.089	5	10844	49k	28s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	23.992	23.992 ± 0.085	23.714 ± 0.268	-0.007 ± 0.005	27.951 ± 0.074	5	10844	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.000	24.000 ± 0.082	23.423 ± 0.127	-0.005 ± 0.005	27.935 ± 0.073	5	10844	506k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.005	24.005 ± 0.053	23.383 ± 0.181	-0.006 ± 0.003	27.940 ± 0.047	5	10844	506k	1.6m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.008	24.008 ± 0.083	23.228 ± 0.287	-0.005 ± 0.004	27.934 ± 0.055	5	10844	506k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.022	24.022 ± 0.046	23.361 ± 0.104	-0.009 ± 0.005	27.989 ± 0.070	5	10844	49k	22s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.023	24.023 ± 0.092	23.205 ± 0.227	-0.006 ± 0.005	27.943 ± 0.076	5	10844	506k	1.9m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	24.034	24.034 ± 0.110	23.015 ± 0.283	0.038 ± 0.004	28.330 ± 0.058	5	11928	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.038	24.038 ± 0.070	23.471 ± 0.134	-0.009 ± 0.004	27.985 ± 0.055	5	10844	49k	22s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.041	24.041 ± 0.100	23.287 ± 0.314	-0.010 ± 0.010	28.004 ± 0.136	5	10844	49k	24s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.065	24.065 ± 0.102	22.944 ± 0.112	-0.009 ± 0.006	27.988 ± 0.084	5	10844	52k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.066	24.066 ± 0.166	23.333 ± 0.531	-0.013 ± 0.015	28.046 ± 0.208	5	10844	506k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.068	24.068 ± 0.031	23.464 ± 0.188	-0.008 ± 0.003	27.972 ± 0.036	5	10844	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	24.071	24.071 ± 0.095	23.347 ± 0.187	0.049 ± 0.004	28.174 ± 0.055	5	11928	52k	1.0m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	24.075	24.075 ± 0.208	23.413 ± 0.366	0.054 ± 0.015	28.092 ± 0.219	5	11928	49k	40s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	24.076	24.076 ± 0.221	23.390 ± 0.418	0.048 ± 0.014	28.184 ± 0.207	5	11928	506k	1.8m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.079	24.079 ± 0.126	22.884 ± 0.369	-0.026 ± 0.021	28.537 ± 0.289	5	10637	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.080	24.080 ± 0.030	23.232 ± 0.188	-0.008 ± 0.002	27.976 ± 0.031	5	10844	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.084	24.084 ± 0.123	23.529 ± 0.325	-0.012 ± 0.009	28.033 ± 0.127	5	10844	506k	1.5m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	24.087	24.087 ± 0.054	24.328 ± 0.183	0.004 ± 0.002	27.825 ± 0.028	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	24.112	24.112 ± 0.254	23.536 ± 0.435	0.046 ± 0.014	28.217 ± 0.207	5	11928	506k	2.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	24.118	24.118 ± 0.189	23.544 ± 0.595	0.048 ± 0.008	28.183 ± 0.120	5	11928	506k	2.0m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.142	24.142 ± 0.261	23.349 ± 0.251	-0.004 ± 0.020	28.236 ± 0.283	5	10637	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.144	24.144 ± 0.228	23.496 ± 0.598	-0.017 ± 0.019	28.095 ± 0.263	5	10844	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.158	24.158 ± 0.117	23.610 ± 0.368	-0.019 ± 0.007	28.118 ± 0.102	5	10844	506k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	24.158	24.158 ± 0.127	23.589 ± 0.267	0.042 ± 0.012	28.277 ± 0.183	5	11928	506k	2.2m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.160	24.160 ± 0.069	23.571 ± 0.320	-0.016 ± 0.007	28.086 ± 0.092	5	10844	49k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	24.163	24.163 ± 0.262	23.645 ± 0.731	0.047 ± 0.010	28.203 ± 0.147	5	11928	52k	1.3m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	24.166	24.166 ± 0.182	23.625 ± 0.521	0.048 ± 0.009	28.179 ± 0.132	5	11928	52k	1.0m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.167	24.167 ± 0.302	23.282 ± 0.225	-0.017 ± 0.036	28.420 ± 0.501	5	10637	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.170	24.170 ± 0.034	23.477 ± 0.165	-0.016 ± 0.004	28.085 ± 0.057	5	10844	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.178	24.178 ± 0.124	24.259 ± 0.217	-0.022 ± 0.012	28.158 ± 0.167	5	10844	49k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	24.186	24.186 ± 0.300	23.541 ± 0.586	0.040 ± 0.024	28.302 ± 0.359	5	11928	506k	3.0m
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.187	24.187 ± 0.128	23.942 ± 0.191	-0.026 ± 0.017	28.224 ± 0.232	5	10844	506k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.1.0	24.217	24.217 ± 0.009	24.467 ± 0.131	-0.004 ± 0.001	27.939 ± 0.009	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.218	24.218 ± 0.360	22.889 ± 0.207	-0.039 ± 0.041	28.723 ± 0.571	5	10637	49k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	24.230	24.230 ± 0.541	23.758 ± 1.104	0.047 ± 0.026	28.195 ± 0.380	5	11928	52k	57s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.245	24.245 ± 0.233	24.351 ± 0.738	-0.005 ± 0.013	28.342 ± 0.188	5	6853	49k	16s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.249	24.249 ± 0.183	23.094 ± 0.145	-0.047 ± 0.026	28.828 ± 0.362	5	10637	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.289	24.289 ± 0.116	23.426 ± 0.272	-0.024 ± 0.008	28.196 ± 0.115	5	10844	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	24.305	24.305 ± 0.267	23.980 ± 0.332	-0.020 ± 0.033	28.384 ± 0.453	5	11673	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.307	24.307 ± 0.097	23.992 ± 0.242	-0.029 ± 0.010	28.266 ± 0.138	5	10844	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.318	24.318 ± 0.070	23.969 ± 0.200	-0.033 ± 0.010	28.322 ± 0.136	5	10844	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.323	24.323 ± 0.076	23.838 ± 0.137	0.000 ± 0.007	28.173 ± 0.105	5	10637	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.323	24.323 ± 0.015	23.854 ± 0.093	0.006 ± 0.002	28.098 ± 0.022	5	10637	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.330	24.330 ± 0.099	23.865 ± 0.139	-0.002 ± 0.008	28.200 ± 0.114	5	10637	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.337	24.337 ± 0.017	23.960 ± 0.182	0.000 ± 0.001	28.177 ± 0.009	5	10637	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.337	24.337 ± 0.012	23.970 ± 0.202	0.004 ± 0.002	28.119 ± 0.021	5	10637	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.337	24.337 ± 0.014	23.794 ± 0.078	-0.000 ± 0.002	28.182 ± 0.027	5	10637	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	24.341	24.341 ± 0.134	24.142 ± 0.426	-0.045 ± 0.014	28.482 ± 0.187	5	10844	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.347	24.347 ± 0.116	23.756 ± 0.329	-0.003 ± 0.015	28.223 ± 0.206	5	10637	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	24.350	24.350 ± 0.245	23.920 ± 0.474	0.035 ± 0.010	28.376 ± 0.151	5	11928	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.371	24.371 ± 0.022	23.942 ± 0.145	-0.000 ± 0.001	28.180 ± 0.012	5	10637	52k	—
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.378	24.378 ± 0.000	24.155 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	28.177 ± 0.000	5	10637	—	0s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.379	24.379 ± 0.012	24.197 ± 0.037	-0.000 ± 0.002	28.181 ± 0.024	5	10637	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.401	24.401 ± 0.089	23.866 ± 0.226	-0.009 ± 0.014	28.298 ± 0.202	5	10637	506k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.414	24.414 ± 0.294	24.496 ± 0.476	-0.019 ± 0.021	28.537 ± 0.299	5	6853	506k	1.0m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.414	24.414 ± 0.037	23.999 ± 0.262	-0.005 ± 0.006	28.252 ± 0.084	5	10637	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	24.415	24.415 ± 0.016	24.515 ± 0.077	-0.002 ± 0.001	28.135 ± 0.017	5	11673	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	24.416	24.416 ± 0.040	24.411 ± 0.051	-0.002 ± 0.004	28.144 ± 0.050	5	11673	52k	—
majority	held_out	—	double_line	test	1.0.0	24.416	24.416 ± 0.000	24.513 ± 0.000	-0.001 ± 0.000	28.125 ± 0.000	5	11673	—	0s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	24.422	24.422 ± 0.327	24.277 ± 0.524	0.353 ± 0.010	28.980 ± 0.231	5	32940	1.6M	34s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.428	24.428 ± 0.052	23.794 ± 0.122	-0.002 ± 0.007	28.207 ± 0.093	5	10637	52k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.449	24.449 ± 0.127	24.803 ± 0.334	-0.010 ± 0.007	28.406 ± 0.098	5	6853	52k	38s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.464	24.464 ± 0.078	23.839 ± 0.265	-0.011 ± 0.009	28.335 ± 0.126	5	10637	49k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	val	1.0.0	24.466	24.466 ± 0.042	22.583 ± 0.133	-0.067 ± 0.003	29.141 ± 0.038	5	—	—	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.467	24.467 ± 0.083	25.244 ± 0.296	-0.008 ± 0.005	28.389 ± 0.071	5	6853	1.6M	7s
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.469	24.469 ± 0.016	24.372 ± 0.034	-0.002 ± 0.002	28.251 ± 0.024	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	24.475	24.475 ± 0.171	23.513 ± 0.509	0.007 ± 0.029	28.777 ± 0.418	5	11928	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	24.477	24.477 ± 0.031	24.571 ± 0.085	-0.008 ± 0.003	28.220 ± 0.048	5	11673	1.6M	—
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.479	24.479 ± 0.019	24.328 ± 0.052	-0.003 ± 0.001	28.265 ± 0.015	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.479	24.479 ± 0.023	24.479 ± 0.089	-0.003 ± 0.002	28.264 ± 0.024	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.486	24.486 ± 0.019	24.528 ± 0.039	-0.003 ± 0.001	28.264 ± 0.018	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.487	24.487 ± 0.038	24.562 ± 0.062	-0.004 ± 0.003	28.271 ± 0.036	5	—	—	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.488	24.488 ± 0.055	24.527 ± 0.346	-0.006 ± 0.004	28.299 ± 0.054	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.489	24.489 ± 0.025	24.408 ± 0.053	-0.004 ± 0.002	28.270 ± 0.026	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	24.491	24.491 ± 0.305	24.130 ± 0.265	-0.024 ± 0.027	28.446 ± 0.374	5	11673	52k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	24.497	24.497 ± 0.022	23.660 ± 0.141	-0.010 ± 0.004	29.025 ± 0.051	5	11928	—	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.499	24.499 ± 0.025	24.529 ± 0.112	-0.004 ± 0.001	28.278 ± 0.020	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.500	24.500 ± 0.026	24.478 ± 0.085	-0.004 ± 0.001	28.279 ± 0.019	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.500	24.500 ± 0.026	24.495 ± 0.103	-0.005 ± 0.002	28.284 ± 0.031	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.500	24.500 ± 0.010	24.440 ± 0.069	-0.005 ± 0.001	28.284 ± 0.013	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.502	24.502 ± 0.026	24.557 ± 0.045	-0.004 ± 0.001	28.278 ± 0.020	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.510	24.510 ± 0.025	24.573 ± 0.092	-0.005 ± 0.002	28.286 ± 0.025	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.510	24.510 ± 0.176	23.202 ± 0.179	-0.075 ± 0.032	29.213 ± 0.439	5	10637	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.522	24.522 ± 0.482	24.257 ± 0.241	-0.062 ± 0.049	28.712 ± 0.657	5	10844	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	24.524	24.524 ± 0.033	24.608 ± 0.087	-0.011 ± 0.004	28.269 ± 0.058	5	11673	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.529	24.529 ± 0.063	24.591 ± 0.141	-0.008 ± 0.007	28.322 ± 0.099	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	24.530	24.530 ± 0.069	24.508 ± 0.277	-0.013 ± 0.008	28.287 ± 0.106	5	11673	52k	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.535	24.535 ± 0.046	24.442 ± 0.140	-0.011 ± 0.004	28.365 ± 0.054	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.542	24.542 ± 0.042	24.652 ± 0.122	-0.007 ± 0.003	28.311 ± 0.045	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	24.548	24.548 ± 0.129	24.628 ± 0.048	-0.017 ± 0.013	28.344 ± 0.177	5	11673	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.548	24.548 ± 0.075	24.544 ± 0.154	-0.008 ± 0.007	28.327 ± 0.099	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.556	24.556 ± 0.021	24.587 ± 0.186	-0.009 ± 0.005	28.342 ± 0.065	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	24.558	24.558 ± 0.124	24.024 ± 0.289	-0.020 ± 0.012	28.461 ± 0.163	5	10637	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.559	24.559 ± 0.072	23.914 ± 0.206	-0.014 ± 0.006	28.371 ± 0.083	5	10637	49k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.567	24.567 ± 0.024	24.657 ± 0.079	-0.009 ± 0.004	28.339 ± 0.051	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.568	24.568 ± 0.042	24.619 ± 0.207	-0.009 ± 0.004	28.341 ± 0.050	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.568	24.568 ± 0.061	24.598 ± 0.073	-0.012 ± 0.005	28.382 ± 0.070	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	24.576	24.576 ± 0.047	24.669 ± 0.339	-0.013 ± 0.005	28.291 ± 0.073	5	11673	49k	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	24.579	24.579 ± 0.016	24.403 ± 0.193	-0.014 ± 0.001	28.279 ± 0.020	5	4982	1.6M	8s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	24.581	24.581 ± 0.034	24.601 ± 0.288	-0.015 ± 0.006	28.317 ± 0.078	5	11673	506k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.581	24.581 ± 0.019	24.750 ± 0.152	-0.010 ± 0.004	28.353 ± 0.050	5	—	—	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	24.582	24.582 ± 0.059	24.698 ± 0.046	-0.020 ± 0.006	28.384 ± 0.078	5	11673	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.583	24.583 ± 0.049	24.653 ± 0.132	-0.010 ± 0.006	28.352 ± 0.077	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.587	24.587 ± 0.066	24.702 ± 0.097	-0.010 ± 0.006	28.356 ± 0.083	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.596	24.596 ± 0.058	24.561 ± 0.072	-0.015 ± 0.005	28.432 ± 0.064	5	—	—	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	24.598	24.598 ± 0.198	24.091 ± 0.545	0.012 ± 0.014	28.715 ± 0.201	5	11928	52k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.604	24.604 ± 0.049	24.620 ± 0.233	-0.017 ± 0.010	28.449 ± 0.143	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	24.604	24.604 ± 0.109	24.741 ± 0.142	-0.021 ± 0.010	28.406 ± 0.139	5	11673	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	24.627	24.627 ± 0.132	24.027 ± 0.231	-0.047 ± 0.022	28.767 ± 0.302	5	11673	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	24.654	24.654 ± 0.156	24.648 ± 0.190	-0.026 ± 0.017	28.477 ± 0.240	5	11673	506k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.1.0	24.656	24.656 ± 0.047	24.539 ± 0.144	-0.018 ± 0.005	28.462 ± 0.070	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.663	24.663 ± 0.183	24.146 ± 0.139	-0.027 ± 0.019	28.556 ± 0.268	5	10637	506k	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	24.671	24.671 ± 0.071	24.610 ± 0.146	-0.017 ± 0.006	28.460 ± 0.089	5	—	—	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	24.684	24.684 ± 0.080	24.262 ± 0.350	-0.031 ± 0.007	28.512 ± 0.091	5	4982	506k	47s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	24.705	24.705 ± 0.125	24.337 ± 0.539	-0.035 ± 0.014	28.602 ± 0.198	5	11673	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.1.0	24.712	24.712 ± 0.364	23.953 ± 0.280	-0.053 ± 0.036	28.916 ± 0.487	5	10637	1.6M	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	24.724	24.724 ± 0.149	24.504 ± 0.192	-0.024 ± 0.016	28.417 ± 0.220	5	4982	52k	26s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.1.0	24.734	24.734 ± 0.117	24.593 ± 0.236	-0.033 ± 0.012	28.536 ± 0.160	5	4982	49k	13s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	24.773	24.773 ± 0.349	24.753 ± 0.503	0.338 ± 0.013	29.329 ± 0.290	5	32940	1.6M	34s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	24.774	24.774 ± 0.264	24.681 ± 0.376	0.336 ± 0.011	29.367 ± 0.244	5	32940	1.6M	34s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	24.776	24.776 ± 0.526	24.797 ± 0.460	-0.037 ± 0.050	28.617 ± 0.689	5	11673	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	24.778	24.778 ± 0.241	24.252 ± 0.288	-0.045 ± 0.024	28.734 ± 0.326	5	11673	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	24.785	24.785 ± 0.096	24.825 ± 0.311	-0.044 ± 0.010	28.720 ± 0.136	5	11673	49k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	24.793	24.793 ± 0.039	23.737 ± 0.139	-0.123 ± 0.002	29.528 ± 0.033	5	10844	—	40s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	24.873	24.873 ± 0.266	24.498 ± 0.264	-0.052 ± 0.026	28.823 ± 0.359	5	11673	506k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	24.920	24.920 ± 0.393	24.954 ± 0.635	0.331 ± 0.017	29.468 ± 0.369	5	32940	1.6M	1.1m
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	25.006	25.006 ± 0.113	25.430 ± 0.311	-0.009 ± 0.010	28.596 ± 0.141	5	5091	52k	27s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	25.021	25.021 ± 0.182	24.090 ± 0.123	-0.115 ± 0.022	29.422 ± 0.293	5	10844	1.6M	—
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	25.039	25.039 ± 0.126	25.412 ± 0.112	-0.014 ± 0.013	28.675 ± 0.181	5	5091	1.6M	13s
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	25.160	25.160 ± 0.089	25.271 ± 0.409	-0.031 ± 0.009	28.905 ± 0.130	5	5091	49k	18s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	25.161	25.161 ± 0.236	24.233 ± 0.219	-0.117 ± 0.034	29.702 ± 0.448	5	11673	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	25.171	25.171 ± 0.005	24.974 ± 0.095	-0.002 ± 0.002	28.918 ± 0.024	5	11928	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	25.181	25.181 ± 0.052	25.379 ± 0.183	0.003 ± 0.003	28.846 ± 0.037	5	11928	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	25.187	25.187 ± 0.125	25.405 ± 0.211	-0.003 ± 0.008	28.928 ± 0.109	5	11928	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	25.196	25.196 ± 0.488	24.221 ± 0.375	-0.116 ± 0.065	29.685 ± 0.865	5	11673	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	25.210	25.210 ± 0.065	25.284 ± 0.163	-0.004 ± 0.011	28.943 ± 0.163	5	11928	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	25.212	25.212 ± 0.688	24.387 ± 0.422	-0.134 ± 0.077	29.658 ± 1.011	5	10844	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	25.213	25.213 ± 0.134	25.138 ± 0.253	-0.009 ± 0.013	29.019 ± 0.187	5	11928	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	25.215	25.215 ± 0.031	25.417 ± 0.135	-0.001 ± 0.002	28.896 ± 0.023	5	11928	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	25.219	25.219 ± 0.008	25.513 ± 0.020	-0.001 ± 0.001	28.895 ± 0.012	5	11928	1.6M	—
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	test	1.0.0	25.224	25.224 ± 0.000	25.610 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	28.888 ± 0.000	5	11928	—	0s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	25.231	25.231 ± 0.020	25.274 ± 0.128	-0.003 ± 0.001	28.932 ± 0.017	5	11928	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	25.235	25.235 ± 0.039	25.384 ± 0.259	-0.005 ± 0.005	28.965 ± 0.069	5	11928	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	25.246	25.246 ± 0.491	24.054 ± 0.224	-0.155 ± 0.062	29.934 ± 0.800	5	10844	1.6M	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_20kv	test	1.0.0	25.250	25.250 ± 0.205	25.663 ± 0.574	-0.038 ± 0.021	29.011 ± 0.291	5	5091	506k	49s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	25.251	25.251 ± 0.107	25.134 ± 0.137	-0.008 ± 0.008	28.997 ± 0.110	5	11928	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	25.301	25.301 ± 0.138	25.093 ± 0.384	-0.016 ± 0.012	29.110 ± 0.173	5	11928	506k	—
cnn	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	25.336	25.336 ± 0.112	25.408 ± 0.239	-0.013 ± 0.006	29.135 ± 0.084	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	25.343	25.343 ± 0.519	24.106 ± 0.319	-0.106 ± 0.073	30.372 ± 1.002	5	11928	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	25.345	25.345 ± 0.195	24.987 ± 0.223	-0.020 ± 0.027	29.171 ± 0.378	5	11928	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.1.0	25.355	25.355 ± 0.431	24.327 ± 0.376	-0.151 ± 0.055	29.890 ± 0.707	5	10844	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	25.370	25.370 ± 0.121	25.001 ± 0.151	-0.026 ± 0.012	29.258 ± 0.175	5	11928	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	test	1.0.0	25.377	25.377 ± 0.806	23.682 ± 0.430	-0.156 ± 0.090	30.289 ± 1.167	5	10637	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	25.407	25.407 ± 0.262	24.202 ± 0.212	-0.151 ± 0.036	30.160 ± 0.470	5	11673	506k	—
resnet	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	25.407	25.407 ± 0.082	25.260 ± 0.105	-0.019 ± 0.007	29.219 ± 0.105	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.1.0	25.408	25.408 ± 0.472	24.214 ± 0.473	-0.139 ± 0.050	30.001 ± 0.655	5	11673	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	25.431	25.431 ± 0.130	25.428 ± 0.230	-0.034 ± 0.015	29.378 ± 0.206	5	11928	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	25.436	25.436 ± 0.200	25.367 ± 0.307	-0.031 ± 0.020	29.333 ± 0.281	5	11928	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	25.436	25.436 ± 0.521	24.637 ± 0.542	-0.154 ± 0.060	29.924 ± 0.774	5	10844	49k	—
gru	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	25.452	25.452 ± 0.099	25.730 ± 0.089	-0.010 ± 0.005	29.094 ± 0.070	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	25.480	25.480 ± 0.185	25.296 ± 0.192	-0.041 ± 0.022	29.470 ± 0.317	5	11928	49k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	25.531	25.531 ± 0.424	24.452 ± 0.686	0.299 ± 0.013	30.170 ± 0.285	5	128004	1.6M	35s
mlp	multi_grid_pretrain	—	template_110kv	val	1.0.0	25.534	25.534 ± 0.099	25.871 ± 0.118	-0.015 ± 0.006	29.171 ± 0.083	5	—	—	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	test	1.0.0	25.586	25.586 ± 0.306	24.720 ± 0.506	-0.178 ± 0.044	30.232 ± 0.563	5	10844	506k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	25.610	25.610 ± 0.198	26.494 ± 0.262	0.313 ± 0.009	29.880 ± 0.189	5	14640	1.6M	37s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	25.677	25.677 ± 0.257	26.555 ± 0.530	0.308 ± 0.011	29.971 ± 0.244	5	14640	1.6M	37s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	25.701	25.701 ± 0.764	23.845 ± 0.228	-0.181 ± 0.113	31.372 ± 1.488	5	11928	506k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	25.744	25.744 ± 0.335	26.560 ± 0.594	0.306 ± 0.014	30.023 ± 0.302	5	14640	1.6M	37s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.1.0	25.764	25.764 ± 0.611	24.066 ± 0.239	-0.179 ± 0.089	31.349 ± 1.191	5	11928	49k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	25.807	25.807 ± 0.421	26.728 ± 0.531	0.305 ± 0.019	30.051 ± 0.408	5	14640	1.6M	1.1m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	test	1.0.0	25.829	25.829 ± 0.672	23.624 ± 0.572	-0.193 ± 0.106	31.532 ± 1.392	5	11928	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	test	1.0.0	25.903	25.903 ± 0.742	23.961 ± 0.275	-0.213 ± 0.090	30.942 ± 1.147	5	11673	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	26.041	26.041 ± 0.655	25.365 ± 1.160	0.280 ± 0.022	30.579 ± 0.469	5	128004	49k	39s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	26.094	26.094 ± 0.346	25.194 ± 0.588	0.280 ± 0.012	30.571 ± 0.248	5	128004	1.6M	29s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	26.108	26.108 ± 0.797	25.280 ± 1.588	0.268 ± 0.024	30.823 ± 0.512	5	128004	49k	45s
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	26.132	26.132 ± 0.129	24.664 ± 0.660	0.266 ± 0.011	30.873 ± 0.228	5	128004	52k	57s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	26.160	26.160 ± 0.784	25.319 ± 1.467	0.269 ± 0.024	30.819 ± 0.516	5	128004	49k	51s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	26.197	26.197 ± 0.133	25.361 ± 0.275	0.274 ± 0.005	30.707 ± 0.104	5	128004	1.6M	39s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	26.239	26.239 ± 0.153	25.494 ± 0.232	0.273 ± 0.007	30.721 ± 0.144	5	128004	1.6M	38s
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	26.287	26.287 ± 0.906	25.498 ± 1.766	0.259 ± 0.034	31.012 ± 0.709	5	128004	49k	47s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	26.288	26.288 ± 0.085	25.598 ± 0.180	0.271 ± 0.002	30.768 ± 0.046	5	128004	1.6M	38s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	26.311	26.311 ± 0.130	25.629 ± 0.264	0.272 ± 0.006	30.758 ± 0.117	5	128004	1.6M	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	26.358	26.358 ± 0.511	25.567 ± 1.165	0.256 ± 0.010	31.084 ± 0.206	5	128004	49k	2.8m
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	26.368	26.368 ± 0.657	25.279 ± 1.235	0.263 ± 0.025	30.928 ± 0.517	5	128004	52k	43s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	26.555	26.555 ± 0.566	25.132 ± 1.039	0.251 ± 0.026	31.190 ± 0.541	5	128004	52k	1.0m
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	val	1.0.0	26.557	26.557 ± 0.062	25.445 ± 0.179	-0.239 ± 0.003	31.412 ± 0.042	5	—	—	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	26.752	26.752 ± 0.373	26.463 ± 0.662	0.249 ± 0.020	31.236 ± 0.405	5	128004	49k	40s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	26.824	26.824 ± 1.022	26.555 ± 1.988	0.244 ± 0.032	31.338 ± 0.658	5	128004	506k	2.0m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	26.865	26.865 ± 1.154	26.408 ± 2.096	0.236 ± 0.052	31.496 ± 1.050	5	128004	506k	3.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	26.929	26.929 ± 0.978	26.107 ± 2.033	0.241 ± 0.033	31.390 ± 0.682	5	128004	52k	1.0m
random_forest	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	26.961	26.961 ± 0.054	25.495 ± 0.111	0.209 ± 0.004	32.042 ± 0.075	5	14640	—	36s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	27.021	27.021 ± 0.414	26.709 ± 0.695	0.230 ± 0.021	31.622 ± 0.425	5	128004	506k	1.8m
random_forest	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	27.029	27.029 ± 0.048	26.171 ± 0.124	0.214 ± 0.003	31.951 ± 0.058	5	32940	—	31s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	27.035	27.035 ± 0.534	27.034 ± 0.660	0.232 ± 0.024	31.575 ± 0.492	5	128004	506k	2.2m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	27.247	27.247 ± 1.150	26.775 ± 2.408	0.230 ± 0.031	31.625 ± 0.639	5	128004	52k	1.3m
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	27.264	27.264 ± 0.780	27.325 ± 1.456	0.228 ± 0.029	31.659 ± 0.584	5	128004	506k	2.0m
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	27.356	27.356 ± 0.567	26.928 ± 1.143	0.207 ± 0.017	32.094 ± 0.347	5	128004	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	27.412	27.412 ± 0.360	27.081 ± 0.966	0.215 ± 0.014	31.932 ± 0.276	5	128004	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	27.412	27.412 ± 0.281	27.251 ± 0.610	0.220 ± 0.009	31.829 ± 0.187	5	128004	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	27.536	27.536 ± 0.200	27.071 ± 0.304	0.194 ± 0.015	32.353 ± 0.292	5	128004	506k	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	27.605	27.605 ± 0.865	27.747 ± 1.640	0.207 ± 0.038	32.092 ± 0.768	5	128004	506k	2.0m
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	27.758	27.758 ± 2.011	27.337 ± 2.878	0.204 ± 0.099	32.127 ± 1.946	5	128004	52k	57s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	28.052	28.052 ± 0.352	28.463 ± 0.693	0.193 ± 0.012	32.367 ± 0.240	5	32940	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	28.093	28.093 ± 0.641	28.070 ± 1.501	0.175 ± 0.029	32.737 ± 0.570	5	128004	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	28.205	28.205 ± 0.857	27.981 ± 1.860	0.181 ± 0.039	32.604 ± 0.773	5	128004	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	28.264	28.264 ± 0.362	28.663 ± 0.693	0.175 ± 0.016	32.731 ± 0.316	5	32940	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	28.327	28.327 ± 0.587	28.814 ± 1.203	0.173 ± 0.031	32.767 ± 0.620	5	32940	506k	—
random_forest	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	28.371	28.371 ± 0.035	27.764 ± 0.070	0.140 ± 0.002	33.417 ± 0.040	5	128004	—	37s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	28.447	28.447 ± 0.459	28.805 ± 0.696	0.164 ± 0.024	32.948 ± 0.477	5	32940	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	28.471	28.471 ± 0.448	28.698 ± 0.812	0.161 ± 0.019	33.004 ± 0.380	5	14640	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	28.638	28.638 ± 0.625	29.574 ± 1.650	0.173 ± 0.026	32.763 ± 0.506	5	128004	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	28.640	28.640 ± 0.438	28.726 ± 0.948	0.143 ± 0.016	33.369 ± 0.310	5	14640	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	28.683	28.683 ± 0.538	28.725 ± 0.672	0.141 ± 0.036	33.407 ± 0.692	5	14640	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	28.684	28.684 ± 0.654	29.064 ± 1.456	0.150 ± 0.036	33.230 ± 0.703	5	14640	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	28.798	28.798 ± 0.573	29.000 ± 1.035	0.157 ± 0.028	33.089 ± 0.550	5	128004	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	29.121	29.121 ± 0.653	29.092 ± 1.575	0.137 ± 0.029	33.475 ± 0.560	5	32940	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	29.324	29.324 ± 0.430	29.522 ± 1.223	0.127 ± 0.019	33.663 ± 0.362	5	14640	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	29.571	29.571 ± 0.611	30.216 ± 1.129	0.120 ± 0.033	33.803 ± 0.625	5	32940	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	29.666	29.666 ± 0.342	30.365 ± 0.700	0.113 ± 0.019	33.940 ± 0.354	5	14640	52k	—
majority	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.351	30.351 ± 0.000	30.274 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	35.576 ± 0.000	5	56340	—	0s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.445	30.445 ± 0.040	30.448 ± 0.175	-0.000 ± 0.000	35.579 ± 0.004	5	56340	1.6M	9s
mlp	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.449	30.449 ± 0.023	30.501 ± 0.074	-0.001 ± 0.001	35.585 ± 0.011	5	56340	1.6M	8s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.451	30.451 ± 0.043	30.460 ± 0.151	-0.000 ± 0.000	35.583 ± 0.004	5	56340	52k	57s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.463	30.463 ± 0.094	30.500 ± 0.311	-0.001 ± 0.001	35.587 ± 0.011	5	56340	52k	32s
gru	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.466	30.466 ± 0.043	30.494 ± 0.247	-0.001 ± 0.000	35.586 ± 0.006	5	56340	52k	29s
gru	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.481	30.481 ± 0.078	30.565 ± 0.274	-0.001 ± 0.001	35.587 ± 0.014	5	56340	52k	32s
gru	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.485	30.485 ± 0.049	30.607 ± 0.180	0.002 ± 0.001	35.542 ± 0.021	5	56340	52k	33s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.502	30.502 ± 0.113	30.644 ± 0.393	-0.001 ± 0.001	35.594 ± 0.023	5	56340	1.6M	18s
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.508	30.508 ± 0.037	30.702 ± 0.156	-0.001 ± 0.000	35.591 ± 0.004	5	56340	1.6M	10s
mlp	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.509	30.509 ± 0.047	30.630 ± 0.245	-0.001 ± 0.000	35.592 ± 0.007	5	56340	1.6M	9s
mlp	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.530	30.530 ± 0.155	30.908 ± 0.353	0.004 ± 0.008	35.511 ± 0.149	5	56340	1.6M	17s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.541	30.541 ± 0.044	30.707 ± 0.144	-0.001 ± 0.001	35.599 ± 0.012	5	56340	52k	—
mlp	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.548	30.548 ± 0.095	30.816 ± 0.365	-0.002 ± 0.001	35.602 ± 0.019	5	56340	1.6M	11s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.610	30.610 ± 0.050	30.935 ± 0.076	-0.002 ± 0.001	35.601 ± 0.014	5	56340	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.638	30.638 ± 0.077	31.029 ± 0.242	-0.002 ± 0.002	35.614 ± 0.033	5	56340	506k	1.6m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.644	30.644 ± 0.084	30.874 ± 0.067	-0.004 ± 0.003	35.643 ± 0.051	5	56340	52k	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.646	30.646 ± 0.047	30.986 ± 0.079	-0.001 ± 0.003	35.601 ± 0.047	5	56340	52k	27s
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.648	30.648 ± 0.107	31.009 ± 0.311	-0.003 ± 0.002	35.627 ± 0.034	5	56340	506k	1.6m
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.651	30.651 ± 0.054	31.000 ± 0.126	-0.003 ± 0.002	35.626 ± 0.034	5	56340	49k	22s
resnet	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.659	30.659 ± 0.163	31.106 ± 0.443	-0.004 ± 0.005	35.640 ± 0.091	5	56340	506k	1.5m
resnet	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.667	30.667 ± 0.168	31.174 ± 0.711	-0.003 ± 0.003	35.635 ± 0.062	5	56340	506k	1.9m
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.669	30.669 ± 0.114	31.079 ± 0.385	-0.003 ± 0.004	35.635 ± 0.064	5	56340	49k	22s
cnn	transfer_finetune	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.672	30.672 ± 0.148	31.070 ± 0.600	-0.003 ± 0.004	35.636 ± 0.064	5	56340	49k	28s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.685	30.685 ± 0.168	31.119 ± 0.412	-0.002 ± 0.004	35.614 ± 0.065	5	56340	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.686	30.686 ± 0.282	30.940 ± 0.512	-0.007 ± 0.013	35.692 ± 0.237	5	56340	52k	35s
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.706	30.706 ± 0.051	31.311 ± 0.194	-0.003 ± 0.001	35.630 ± 0.015	5	56340	1.6M	—
cnn	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.710	30.710 ± 0.117	31.398 ± 0.417	-0.003 ± 0.007	35.630 ± 0.120	5	56340	49k	30s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.729	30.729 ± 0.200	31.427 ± 0.835	-0.004 ± 0.003	35.642 ± 0.045	5	56340	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.758	30.758 ± 0.088	31.433 ± 0.299	-0.004 ± 0.001	35.638 ± 0.027	5	56340	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_finetune	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.796	30.796 ± 0.206	31.270 ± 0.444	-0.008 ± 0.008	35.718 ± 0.149	5	56340	49k	24s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.796	30.796 ± 0.259	31.212 ± 0.318	-0.010 ± 0.013	35.759 ± 0.224	5	56340	506k	1.5m
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.796	30.796 ± 0.099	31.610 ± 0.322	-0.005 ± 0.004	35.662 ± 0.067	5	56340	49k	22s
cnn	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.819	30.819 ± 0.091	31.622 ± 0.332	-0.006 ± 0.004	35.682 ± 0.064	5	56340	49k	22s
resnet	transfer_finetune	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.845	30.845 ± 0.092	31.352 ± 0.274	-0.010 ± 0.006	35.744 ± 0.098	5	56340	506k	1.5m
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.900	30.900 ± 0.391	31.632 ± 0.673	-0.012 ± 0.020	35.784 ± 0.343	5	56340	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.944	30.944 ± 0.068	31.749 ± 0.448	-0.012 ± 0.004	35.781 ± 0.066	5	56340	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	30.952	30.952 ± 0.180	31.714 ± 0.387	0.038 ± 0.014	35.346 ± 0.261	5	128004	506k	—
resnet	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	30.969	30.969 ± 0.623	31.227 ± 0.235	-0.034 ± 0.067	36.158 ± 1.156	5	56340	506k	1.5m
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.986	30.986 ± 0.637	31.667 ± 0.729	0.032 ± 0.055	35.454 ± 1.010	5	32940	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	30.995	30.995 ± 0.144	32.103 ± 0.679	-0.011 ± 0.004	35.776 ± 0.076	5	56340	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.002	31.002 ± 0.113	32.014 ± 0.575	-0.013 ± 0.003	35.809 ± 0.055	5	56340	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.016	31.016 ± 0.114	31.792 ± 0.159	-0.013 ± 0.008	35.801 ± 0.149	5	56340	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	31.030	31.030 ± 0.150	31.895 ± 0.281	0.034 ± 0.009	35.416 ± 0.156	5	128004	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	31.038	31.038 ± 0.241	32.203 ± 0.668	0.036 ± 0.012	35.384 ± 0.227	5	128004	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.060	31.060 ± 0.153	31.750 ± 0.195	-0.017 ± 0.009	35.870 ± 0.153	5	56340	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	31.068	31.068 ± 0.409	32.027 ± 0.723	0.029 ± 0.038	35.512 ± 0.700	5	14640	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.073	31.073 ± 0.113	32.052 ± 0.477	-0.016 ± 0.008	35.857 ± 0.137	5	56340	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.092	31.092 ± 0.240	32.382 ± 0.948	-0.016 ± 0.008	35.856 ± 0.138	5	56340	506k	—
majority	held_out	—	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	31.094	31.094 ± 0.000	30.056 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	36.038 ± 0.000	5	14640	—	0s
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.103	31.103 ± 0.204	32.017 ± 0.330	-0.017 ± 0.011	35.872 ± 0.188	5	56340	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.108	31.108 ± 0.834	30.858 ± 1.397	0.021 ± 0.073	35.647 ± 1.311	5	32940	1.6M	—
majority	held_out	—	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	31.129	31.129 ± 0.000	30.221 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	36.039 ± 0.000	5	128004	—	0s
majority	held_out	—	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.168	31.168 ± 0.000	30.402 ± 0.000	-0.000 ± 0.000	36.040 ± 0.000	5	32940	—	0s
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	31.202	31.202 ± 0.081	30.753 ± 0.179	0.006 ± 0.005	35.929 ± 0.093	5	128004	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	31.205	31.205 ± 0.063	31.038 ± 0.125	0.012 ± 0.007	35.821 ± 0.122	5	128004	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	31.246	31.246 ± 0.065	30.765 ± 0.318	0.002 ± 0.001	36.008 ± 0.016	5	128004	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	31.251	31.251 ± 0.217	32.353 ± 0.901	0.021 ± 0.010	35.656 ± 0.181	5	128004	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.259	31.259 ± 0.056	30.778 ± 0.276	0.001 ± 0.002	36.022 ± 0.033	5	32940	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	31.262	31.262 ± 0.051	30.843 ± 0.250	0.002 ± 0.003	36.001 ± 0.054	5	14640	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.266	31.266 ± 0.070	31.557 ± 0.281	0.016 ± 0.008	35.750 ± 0.140	5	32940	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.282	31.282 ± 0.141	31.534 ± 0.387	0.014 ± 0.007	35.781 ± 0.134	5	32940	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	31.287	31.287 ± 0.094	31.751 ± 0.293	0.017 ± 0.006	35.730 ± 0.113	5	14640	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.322	31.322 ± 0.046	30.996 ± 0.198	0.001 ± 0.004	36.020 ± 0.066	5	32940	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	31.324	31.324 ± 0.079	31.550 ± 0.265	0.006 ± 0.004	35.936 ± 0.072	5	128004	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.334	31.334 ± 0.117	31.436 ± 0.539	0.006 ± 0.001	35.925 ± 0.022	5	32940	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	31.356	31.356 ± 0.183	31.287 ± 0.740	0.003 ± 0.004	35.977 ± 0.066	5	14640	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.370	31.370 ± 0.146	31.648 ± 0.734	0.006 ± 0.003	35.936 ± 0.045	5	32940	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	31.375	31.375 ± 0.399	31.506 ± 1.617	0.001 ± 0.013	36.021 ± 0.229	5	128004	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.377	31.377 ± 0.076	31.718 ± 0.397	0.006 ± 0.002	35.923 ± 0.033	5	32940	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	31.383	31.383 ± 0.081	31.057 ± 0.068	-0.002 ± 0.004	36.070 ± 0.076	5	14640	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.386	31.386 ± 0.351	32.623 ± 1.305	0.016 ± 0.014	35.739 ± 0.263	5	32940	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	31.389	31.389 ± 0.090	31.667 ± 0.381	0.004 ± 0.003	35.965 ± 0.050	5	14640	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	31.398	31.398 ± 0.076	31.591 ± 0.267	0.003 ± 0.003	35.983 ± 0.052	5	128004	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	31.400	31.400 ± 0.102	31.399 ± 0.353	-0.000 ± 0.001	36.041 ± 0.024	5	14640	1.6M	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	31.406	31.406 ± 0.620	31.658 ± 0.899	0.001 ± 0.051	36.012 ± 0.908	5	14640	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	31.439	31.439 ± 0.187	31.790 ± 1.020	0.002 ± 0.008	36.007 ± 0.138	5	128004	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	31.445	31.445 ± 0.305	32.481 ± 0.863	0.010 ± 0.016	35.848 ± 0.296	5	14640	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	31.446	31.446 ± 0.146	32.009 ± 0.393	0.008 ± 0.007	35.902 ± 0.120	5	14640	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.455	31.455 ± 0.164	31.706 ± 0.886	-0.000 ± 0.004	36.042 ± 0.070	5	32940	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.473	31.473 ± 0.149	32.026 ± 0.610	0.002 ± 0.002	36.010 ± 0.034	5	32940	1.6M	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	31.477	31.477 ± 0.147	31.619 ± 0.792	-0.003 ± 0.002	36.087 ± 0.030	5	14640	52k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	31.513	31.513 ± 0.081	31.986 ± 0.417	-0.001 ± 0.002	36.058 ± 0.030	5	14640	1.6M	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.530	31.530 ± 0.486	32.582 ± 2.002	0.004 ± 0.019	35.959 ± 0.334	5	32940	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.565	31.565 ± 0.397	32.033 ± 0.905	-0.003 ± 0.018	36.093 ± 0.329	5	32940	52k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.636	31.636 ± 0.197	31.514 ± 0.852	-0.076 ± 0.029	36.893 ± 0.506	5	56340	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	110 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	31.644	31.644 ± 0.311	32.642 ± 1.324	-0.003 ± 0.011	36.100 ± 0.199	5	14640	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	31.701	31.701 ± 0.175	32.313 ± 0.127	-0.009 ± 0.014	36.192 ± 0.245	5	14640	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	31.711	31.711 ± 0.657	32.349 ± 1.070	-0.012 ± 0.038	36.243 ± 0.676	5	128004	52k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.793	31.793 ± 0.247	32.222 ± 0.383	-0.016 ± 0.021	36.331 ± 0.368	5	32940	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.799	31.799 ± 0.102	32.662 ± 0.576	-0.013 ± 0.009	36.271 ± 0.161	5	32940	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.1.0	31.826	31.826 ± 0.394	32.319 ± 0.837	-0.018 ± 0.021	36.356 ± 0.379	5	32940	506k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	31.847	31.847 ± 0.662	32.464 ± 1.190	-0.022 ± 0.036	36.424 ± 0.646	5	14640	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	31.854	31.854 ± 0.227	33.077 ± 0.329	-0.015 ± 0.016	36.300 ± 0.285	5	128004	49k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.0.0	31.854	31.854 ± 0.298	32.413 ± 0.847	-0.018 ± 0.016	36.365 ± 0.284	5	14640	49k	—
gru	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.880	31.880 ± 0.465	31.367 ± 0.744	-0.110 ± 0.064	37.477 ± 1.088	5	56340	52k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	testgrid_110kv	benchmark	1.0.0	31.905	31.905 ± 0.316	32.237 ± 0.897	-0.023 ± 0.016	36.446 ± 0.291	5	32940	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	31.929	31.929 ± 0.352	32.681 ± 0.754	-0.020 ± 0.019	36.403 ± 0.342	5	14640	506k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.1.0	31.956	31.956 ± 0.406	32.892 ± 0.802	-0.022 ± 0.024	36.435 ± 0.431	5	128004	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	double_line	benchmark	1.1.0	31.968	31.968 ± 0.187	33.057 ± 0.432	-0.022 ± 0.016	36.438 ± 0.290	5	14640	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	32.038	32.038 ± 0.255	32.710 ± 0.492	-0.030 ± 0.021	36.581 ± 0.376	5	128004	506k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	32.156	32.156 ± 0.234	32.393 ± 1.195	-0.097 ± 0.034	37.262 ± 0.581	5	56340	1.6M	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	20 kV	ieee39	benchmark	1.0.0	32.162	32.162 ± 0.290	32.888 ± 0.370	-0.038 ± 0.020	36.720 ± 0.355	5	128004	49k	—
mlp	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	32.405	32.405 ± 0.408	32.200 ± 0.754	-0.119 ± 0.035	37.627 ± 0.592	5	56340	1.6M	—
random_forest	held_out	—	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	32.533	32.533 ± 0.025	32.248 ± 0.101	-0.130 ± 0.003	37.815 ± 0.044	5	56340	—	40s
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	33.046	33.046 ± 0.735	31.956 ± 0.378	-0.234 ± 0.074	39.509 ± 1.179	5	56340	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.1.0	33.192	33.192 ± 1.129	32.093 ± 0.204	-0.242 ± 0.115	39.618 ± 1.853	5	56340	506k	—
cnn	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	33.901	33.901 ± 1.178	32.543 ± 0.271	-0.318 ± 0.125	40.816 ± 1.953	5	56340	49k	—
resnet	transfer_zeroshot	345 kV	cigre_mv	benchmark	1.0.0	34.593	34.593 ± 1.252	32.879 ± 0.479	-0.387 ± 0.140	41.866 ± 2.104	5	56340	506k	—

Grids · four reference topologies (MV · HV · EHV)

Topology comparison · same task across all grids

event_classification_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

event_detection_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

event_state_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_category_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_category_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_category_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_classification_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_classification_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_classification_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_detection_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_detection_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_detection_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_grounded_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_grounded_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_grounded_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_location_global · mae · held_out

fault_location_line · mae · held_out

fault_location_local · mae · held_out

fault_origin_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_phase_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_phase_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_phase_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

switch_detection_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

switch_type_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

event_classification_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

event_detection_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

event_state_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_category_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_category_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_category_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_classification_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_classification_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_classification_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_detection_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_detection_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_detection_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_grounded_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_grounded_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_grounded_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_location_global · mae · held_out

fault_location_line · mae · held_out

fault_location_local · mae · held_out

fault_origin_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_phase_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_phase_line · balanced_accuracy · held_out

fault_phase_local · balanced_accuracy · held_out

switch_detection_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

switch_type_global · balanced_accuracy · held_out

Cross-grid transfer (OOD) · pretrain on the multi_grid corpus (20/110/345 kV sources) → zero-shot / fine-tune on unseen grids (voltage-ordered)

fault_category_line · balanced_accuracy · best baseline · benchmark

fault_category_local · balanced_accuracy · best baseline · benchmark

fault_classification_line · balanced_accuracy · best baseline · benchmark

fault_classification_local · balanced_accuracy · best baseline · benchmark

fault_detection_line · balanced_accuracy · best baseline · benchmark

fault_detection_local · balanced_accuracy · best baseline · benchmark

fault_grounded_line · balanced_accuracy · best baseline · benchmark

fault_grounded_local · balanced_accuracy · best baseline · benchmark

fault_location_line · mae · best baseline · benchmark

fault_location_local · mae · best baseline · benchmark

fault_phase_line · balanced_accuracy · best baseline · benchmark

fault_phase_local · balanced_accuracy · best baseline · benchmark

Tier 1 — easy anchors

event_detection_global

fault_detection_global

fault_detection_line

fault_detection_local

fault_grounded_global

fault_grounded_line

fault_grounded_local

switch_detection_global

Tier 2 — medium

event_state_global

fault_category_global

fault_category_line

fault_category_local

fault_classification_global

fault_classification_line

fault_classification_local